US3140057A

US3140057A - Crusher jaw plates

Info

Publication number: US3140057A
Application number: US175404A
Authority: US
Inventors: Harold C Pollitz
Original assignee: Iowa Manufacturing Company of Cedar Rapids
Current assignee: Cedarapids Inc
Priority date: 1962-02-26
Filing date: 1962-02-26
Publication date: 1964-07-07
Anticipated expiration: 1981-07-07

Description

y 1964 H. c. POLLITZ 3,140,057

'CRUSHER JAW PLATES Filed Feb; 26, 1962 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.- #40040 0. P044 /rz July 7, 1964 H. C. POLLITZ CRUSHER JAw PLATES 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 26, .1962

INVENTOR. HA /204D 6001.1. 72

XUTOFNE'V United States Patent 3,140,057 CRUSHER JAW PLATES Harold C. Pollitz, Cedar Rapids, Iowa, assignor to Iowa Manufacturing Company of Cedar Rapids, Iowa, Cedar Rapids, Iowa Filed Feb. 26, 1962, Ser. No. 175,404 Claims. (Cl. 241-285) The present invention concerns an improved design of stationary and movable jaw plates for jaw type crushers which minimizes warping of the jaws and increases their life. More particularly, the present invention concerns improved structure for mounting the stationary jaw plate to the crusher frame and for increasing the rigidity and life of both plates.

Jaw plates used in modern crushing operations are fabricated almost exclusively from what is generally known as Hadfield manganese steel, a steel whose manganese content is very high and which possesses austenitic properties. Such jaw plates are not only extremely tough but are also quite ductile and work-harden with use. Under the impact of crushing loads flow of the metal at the working surface of the plate occurs in all directions. This flow occurs chiefly in the central area of the plate, particularly the lower central area, because the lower portion of the plate does very substantially more work than the upper portion. This is particularly true in the case of the stationary jaw, which, as is well known, receives the greater wear in operation. If the flow is not compensated for, the jaw will distort or warp, particularly in its more central area, so that p it will no longer contact its seat. will cause it to flex with consequent decrease in crushing efficiency and increase in wear both of the jaw itself and particularly its seat. 7

These effects of warped jaw plates are well known and are described at some length in Patent 2,609,154, dated September 2, 1952, to Baker. The latter, in order to compensate for flow, reticulates the working surfaces of his jaw plates by means of deep,-inclined relief grooves or slots forming a diamond-like pattern, whereby the crushing surface is resolved into a plurality of relatively isolated, diamond shaped crushing pads.' The grooves themselves provide space into which the metal on the working surface of the plate can flow without extending that surface and consequently warping or bowing the jaw. Additionally, such grooves aid in the heat treating of the plates during their manufacture, in the manner explained in Patent 2,826,371, dated March 11, 1958, to Smith. However, a jaw plate whose crushing face is broken up into isolated crushing pads, as disclosed in the aforesaid patent to Baker, is not as eflicient as a jaw having thereon a set of continuous, more or less-knife edged teeth or corrugations which permit the crushing action to be linearly concentrated "upon the rock or ore. When such teeth or corrugations extend vertically, as is shown for instance in Patent 1,187,159, dated June 13, 1916, to McKee et al., on both jaw plates, the rock is Thus crushing loads better gripped therebetween and confinedto a natural vertical path as it is successively crushed to finer par ticles as it moves-from top to bottom of the crusher; Accordingly, such a combination of vertical teeth separated by vertical grooves gives the most desirable crushing action and at the same time substantiallyprevents warping of the jaw, especially about a vertical axis; Since, however, the grooving-is vertical, some warp may still occur, principally in the lower central portion of each jaw, about a horizontal axis. In order to mini-- mize warp of the latter kind, the jaws of thepresent in-' vention, particularly the stationary jaw, areincreased uniformly in thickness from top to bottom with a cor- 3,l40,057 Patented July 7., 1964 approximately the thickness of the former top part, it

will function in its new upper "position substantially as well without requiring any adjustment of the crusher itself. These advantages are, of course, independent of whether the jaw is additionally provided with teeth or corrugations'in the manner previously described. Thickening the lower portion of a jaw having relief grooves but no teeth, such as one shown in the aforesaid patent to Smith, will also produce the foregoing advantages. Often, however, it may not be necessary also to thicken the lower portion of the movable jaw, owing to the lesser loads and wear "thereon relative to the stationary jaw, and satisfactory results are often achieved by confining the thickening and reversibility features to the stationary jaw alone.

The other improved feature of the jaw plates of the present invention involves the mounting of the stationary jaw to the crusher frame in such a manner that warping and flexing of the jaw is still further decreased. In the prior art it is customary to secure the top and bottom edges of the stationary jaw in a suitable manner along or adjacent the top and bottom edges of the crusher frame. Each side edge of the jaw is provided with a laterally eX- tending retaining flange running its entire length, which in turn is engaged by the edge of one of a pair of the customary cheek plates. Usually, neither the edge of the cheek plate'nor the face of 'the flange is machined or otherwise trned in order to insure uniform contact of the cheek plates upon their respective flanges. Consequently, there is very likely to be contact between the two only at random points,*particularly widely spaced points, so that during use the jaw plate can flex between its seat and the cheek plates and thus wear its seat on the crusher frame. Moreover, the lack of uniform contact between the edges of the cheek plate and the flanges of the jaw surfaces of the lips so that the jaw plate, owing to the fact that the force exerted by the cheek plates is transmitted wholly through the relatively small surface'of the lips, is held rigidly againstits seat. In this manner, there-' fore, the adverse eflect of any inaccurate alignment between the cheek plates and the jaw plate is minimized,

if not entirely removed. If at the same time, the lower portion of the stationary jaw plate is thickened and grooved in the manner described, any warping about a horizontal axis and consequent flexing of the jaw upon its seat is largely removed. 7

While the present invention is primarily directed to jaw plates of ductile material, such as manganese steel, its advantages make it equally applicable to jaws of hardened cast steel, which, although to a lesser extent, are also beset with the problem of Warping and lack of uniform contact between their retaining flanges and the crushers cheek plates.

Accordingly, the primary object of the present invention is the provision of a pair of jaw plates for a jaw crusher having improved crushing surfaces thereon which minimize warping and increase life of the jaw plates.

Another object of the present invention is the provision of the stationary jaw plate for a jaw crusher with improved means for retention of the plate upon the crusher frame.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a pair of jaw plates for a jaw crusher, at least the stationary one of which increases in thickness from top to bottom, and both of which are provided with a plurality of spaced, vertical relief grooves in their working surfaces, the depth of which grooves likewise increases from top to bottom.

A still further object of the present invention is to provide the stationary jaw plate for a jaw crusher with laterally extending retaining lips at the midportion only of its vertical sides for engagement by the cheek plates of the crusher.

An additional object of the present invention is the provision of a pair of jaw plates for a jaw crusher, at least the stationary one of which increases in thickness from top to bottom and both of which are provided with a plurality of spaced, vertical relief grooves in their working surfaces, the depth of which grooves likewise increases from top to bottom and the crushing surface between adjacent grooves being formed to provide an outwardly projecting, continuous ridge or tooth having a vertically extending apex.

Other and further objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the detailed description of the preferred form thereof which follows, read in conjunction with the drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a perspective view of a typical crusher having a portion of its frame wall broken away to illustrate the improved means of mounting the stationary jaw;

FIGURE 2 is a rear elevation view of the stationary jaw of FIGURE 1;

FIGURE 3 is a horizontal section along line 33 of FIGURE 2 illustrating the relief grooving of the jaw plates and the shape of their teeth; and

FIGURE 4 is an end elevation view of the jaw of FIG- URE 2 illustrating the taper of the jaw from top to bottom and the consequent increasing depth of the relief grooves therein.

Referring now to the drawings in detail, represents a typical jaw type crusher having an open top crusher frame 10' of generally rectangular section. The stationary jaw 20 is mounted upright with its rear face 22 upon an appropriate seat on the inner face 11' of end wall 11, and atop the other end wall 12 driveshaft 13, provided with an eccentric midportion 13' such as illustrated and described in Patent 3,061,317, dated October 30, 1962, to Pollitz, is suitably journaled at 14. Pitman 15, to which is fastened movable jaw 16, is journaled at its upper end 17 to the eccentric portion 13' of shaft 13 and is operatively connected adjacent its lower end to crusher frame 10' by means of a typical toggle plate assembly (not shown). Appropriate flywheels 18 are mounted at each end of shaft 13, one carrying provision for belt drive of the crusher. Inasmuch as the over-all crusher assembly is well known and plays no part in the present invention no further description of it is needed.

Stationary jaw 20 is in the conventional form of a plate incorporating recessed panels 21 in its rear face 22 for the purpose of even heat treatment and reduction of machining, and movable jaw 16 is of similar conventional construction. Extending horizontally outwards from the back face of jaw 20 at the top and bottom thereof a pair of idenitcal locating flanges 23, having opposed tapered faces 24 straddle end wall 11 and engage a complementary pair of tapered seats 25 at the top and bottom thereof. A pair of retaining lips 26, provided with forward faces 27, extend laterally outwards from the midportion only of the vertical sides of jaw 20 and are engaged in turn upon faces 27 by the edges of cheek plates 28 of conventional wedge design. Hence, jaw 20 is retained by an effort which is concentrated over a relatively small area on both jaw 20 and the edges of check plates 28. Accordingly, the effect of any misalignment between the unmachined edges of check plate 28 and faces 27 is rendered nil, and jaw 26 at all times is held rigidly against end wall 11.

Turning next to the working surfaces of

jaws

16 and 20, it will be observed that jaw plate 20 itself increases uniformly in thickness from top to bottom (FIGURE 4). A plurality of spaced, vertically extending relief grooves 30 are cast therein for the purpose of permitting the metal to flow under impact and pressure without substantially warping the plate itself, particularly about a vertical axis. Grooves 30 in addition also cooperate with panels 21 to produce more even heat treatment as explained in the aforesaid patent to Smith. The bottoms 31 of grooves 30 run generally parallel with the rear face of jaw 20 so that the height of sides 32 and thus the depth of grooves 30 uniformly increase from top to bottom of the jaw. The working surfaces of jaw 20 between grooves 30 are formed to provide a plurality of vertical ridges or teeth 33, each having a pair of opposite faces 34 which slope away from a common apex 35 toward grooves 30 at each side thereof.

The moving jaw 16 is also provided with a set of relief grooves 36 and teeth 37 similar to grooves 30 and teeth 33 of jaw 20, except, of course, grooves 36 are of uniform depth unless the lower thickness of jaw 16 is also increased.

laws

16 and 20 are laterally offset with respect to one another so that the teeth on one interlock with the teeth on the other in the manner shown, for instance, in Patent 1,608,561, dated November 30, 1926, to Larsson. Generally, an included angle between faces 34 of about to has been found to give the most satisfactory results in most cases.

After use for a period of time teeth 33 and 37 become gradually work hardened and wear occurs much more rapidly, as is well-known, upon the lower portion of jaw 20 than upon its upper portion or than upon jaw 16. When the lower portions of teeth 33 are worn sufficiently to decrease the crushers efiiciency, jaw 20 may be easily removed and reinstalled upside down, owing to the fact that locating flanges 23 are identical. Consequently, the relatively unworn upper portions of teeth 33 are then utilized for the harder work at the lower portion of the jaw. The fact that the lower portion of jaw 20 when in its original position was thicker than the top allows the jaw to be reversed and the former lower portion to be usable at the top without requiring adjustment of the crusher itself.

Though the invention has been described in terms of a particular embodiment, the invention is not so limited and the scope of the appended claims are to be read as encompassing such changes and alterations as would ordinarily occur to those skilled in the art.

I claim:

1. In a stationary jaw plate for use in a jaw crusher having an upright wall for receiving said plate and means for retaining said plate in operative position upon said wall, said means including a check plate adjacent each upright end of said wall for clamping said plate between said check plate and said wall, the improvement comprising a jaw plate retaining lip projecting laterally outwards of each upright side of said jaw plate and formed integrally therewith so that when said plate is operatively clamped as aforesaid said check plates engage said lips only, each of said lips extending along only the portion of said side immediately adjacent the mid-point thereof in order to confine the total clamping force applied by said cheek plate to said portion only.

2. In a stationary jaw plate for use in a jaw crusher having an upright wall for mounting said jaw plate in operative position thereon and means for clamping said plate upright in operative position against said wall, the improvement comprising an integral jaw plate retaining lip projecting laterally outwards of each upright side of said jaw plate, said means being operative upon said lips only and each of the latter extending along only the portion of said side immediately adjacent the mid-point thereof in order to confine the total clamping force applied by said means to said portion only.

3. The device of claim 2 wherein said jaw plate is provided with a uniform increase in the thickness thereof from top to bottom.

4. The device of claim 3 wherein the working surface of said jaw plate is provided with a plurality of rectilinear, vertically extending relief grooves therein of generally uniform width suflicient to deter warp of said plate at least about a vertical axis, the depth of said grooves uniformly increasing from top to bottom of said plate concurrently wtih said increase in thickness thereof.

5. The device of claim 4 wherein the working surface of said jaw plate between adjacent grooves is formed to provide a single, outwardly projecting tooth having an apex extending continuously and rectilinearly from top to bottom of said surface.

6. A stationary jaw plate for use in a jaw crusher, said plate having its working surface (relative to its operative position) provided with a plurality of rectilinear, vertically extending relief grooves of uniform width suflicient to deter warp of said plate at least about a vertical axis, the thickness of said plate and the depth of each of said grooves concurrently and uniformly increasing from top to bottom of said plate.

7. The device of claim 6 wherein the working surface of said plate between adjacent grooves is formed to provide a single, outwardly projecting tooth having an apex extending continuously and rectilinearly from top to bottom of said surface.

8. In a jaw crusher having an upright stationary jaw plate and a movable jaw plate in :opposed crushing relation thereto, the opposed working surfaces of each of said jaws having a plurality of spaced relief grooves therein of uniform width extending continuously and rectilinearly from top to bottom of said jaws and sufifiicient to deter warp of said jaws at least about a vertical axis, the improvernent comprising uniformly and progressively thickening at least said stationary jaw and uniformly and concurrently therewith the depth of said grooves therein from top to bottom of said jaw.

9. The device of claim 8 wherein the working surface of each of said jaws between adjacent grooves is formed to provide a single, outwardly projecting tooth having an apex extending continuously and rectilinearly from top to bottom of said surface.

10. In a jaw crusher having an upright wall and a stationary jaw plate operatively mounted upright thereon by means including clamping means and a movable jaw plate in opposed crushing relation [to said stationary plate, the opposed working surfaces of each of said jaws having a. plurality of spaced relief grooves therein of uniform width extending continuously and rectilinearly from top to bottom of said jaws and suflicient to deter warp of said plates at least about a vertical axis, the improvement comprising a uniform increase in the thickness of at least said stationary jaw from top to bottom thereof together with a uniform and concurrent increase in the depth of said grooves therein, and an integral jaw plate retaining lips projecting laterally outwards from each upright side of said stationary jaw, said clamping means being operative upon said lips only and each of the latter extending along only the portion of said jaw side immediately adjacent the midpoint thereof in order to confine the total clamping force applied by said clamping means to said portion only.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,187,159 McKee et al. June 13, 1916 1,608,561 Larrson Nov. 30, 1926 1,748,879 Harrison Feb. 25, 1930 1,771,505 Muller July 29, 1930 1,849,935 Kropp Mar. 15, 1932 2,609,154 Baker Sept. 2, 1952 2,826,371 Smith Mar. 11, 1958 FOREIGN PATENTS 2,717 Great Britain July 31, 1875 1,165,777 France June 2, 1958 93,673 Norway Mar. 31, 1959 573,804 Canada Apr. 7, 1959

Claims

1. IN A STATIONARY JAW PLATE FOR USE IN A JAW CRUSHER HAVING AN UPRIGHT WALL FOR RECEIVING SAID PLATE AND MEANS FOR RETAINING SAID PLATE IN OPERATIVE POSITION UPON SAID WALL, SAID MEANS INCLUDING A CHEEK PLATE ADJACENT EACH UPRIGHT END OF SAID WALL FOR CLAMPING SAID PLATE BETWEEN SAID CHEEK PLATE AND SAID WALL, THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING A JAW PLATE RETAINING LIP PROJECTING LATERALLY OUTWARDS OF EACH UPRIGHT SIDE OF SAID JAW PLATE AND FORMED INTEGRALLY THEREWITH SO THAT WHEN SAID PLATE IS OPERATIVELY CLAMPED AS AFORESAID SAID CHEEK PLATES ENGAGE SAID LIPS ONLY, EACH OF SAID LIPS EXTENDING ALONG ONLY THE PORTION OF SAID SIDE IMMEDIATELY ADJACENT THE MID-POINT THEREOF IN ORDER TO CONFINE THE TOTAL CLAMPING FORCE APPLIED BY SAID CHEEK PLATE TO SAID PORTION ONLY.