US2811346A - Device for insufflating gas into a mass of molten metal - Google Patents

Device for insufflating gas into a mass of molten metal Download PDF

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Publication number
US2811346A
US2811346A US267439A US26743952A US2811346A US 2811346 A US2811346 A US 2811346A US 267439 A US267439 A US 267439A US 26743952 A US26743952 A US 26743952A US 2811346 A US2811346 A US 2811346A
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Prior art keywords
ladle
gas
plug
shell
molten metal
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Expired - Lifetime
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US267439A
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English (en)
Inventor
Spire Etienne
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Priority to NL74999D priority Critical patent/NL74999C/xx
Application filed by LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Priority to US267439A priority patent/US2811346A/en
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Publication of US2811346A publication Critical patent/US2811346A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D1/00—Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting
    • B22D1/002—Treatment with gases
    • B22D1/005—Injection assemblies therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/34—Blowing through the bath

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to devices for the insufilation of gas into a mass of molten metal in order to submit this metal to various treatments, and particularly to a device conceived mainly with a view to its application to casting ladles for molten metals which it allows to be transformed into treatment ladles, in a simple and economical manner, said device being also applicable, in a general way, to any enclosure capable of containing a mass of molten metal, in the refractory wall of which there is provided at least one plug, through which the gas for the treatment is forced, the gas permeability of said plug being obtained by making it out of a mass of porous refractory material.
  • the application of the invention will be considered for the case of casting ladles for metals, such as those used, for instance, in foundries, for carrw'ng the metal from the cupola or the smelting furnace to the molds or other points for pouring.
  • the gas permeable plug is located in a hole in the refractory lining of the ladle and passed through an aperture provided in bottom of the metal housing of said ladle and closed by a blower box provided with means for attachment on said metal bottom and with means for holding the plug through which the gas forced into the blower box enters the mass of molten metal contained in the ladle.
  • a blower box provided with means for attachment on said metal bottom and with means for holding the plug through which the gas forced into the blower box enters the mass of molten metal contained in the ladle.
  • a main object of the invention is to obviate these drawbacks, by rendering it possible to omit the blower box secured externally on the bottom of the casting ladle.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a device for insufilating a gas into a mass of molten metal contained in a ladle, adaptable to the bottom of said ladle by requiring only the provision of a single narrow opening in said bottom.
  • a device for insufilating a gas into a mass of molten metal contained in a ladle adaptable to the bottom of said ladle by requiring only the provision of a single narrow opening in said bottom.
  • Such a device is applicable advantageously to small capacity ladles used in foundries for carrying the molten metal from the cupola or smelting furnace to the moulds, and the insuffiation treatment can be applied to the mass of metal during this transportation the duration of which is seldom lower than one minute and can reach five minutes.
  • the invention is characterized chiefly by the combination, in one assembly, of a tubular and preferably blind metal shell of a refractory plug, permeable to gases, which stops the aperture, and of a hollow element mounted on the shell and used both for introducing the treatment gas and for maintaining the plug and shell, this assembly being intended to be sealed in the refractory lining on the metal housing of the ladle, perforated for the passage of the hollow element.
  • the metal shell is in the shape of a truncated cone, the height of which is lower than the thickness of the refractory lining in which it is to be sealed, the gas permeable plug, of acorresponding shape, being the metal housing of Pic passed through the large end and forced through the narrow end aperture and the large end being then closed by the metal wall on which bears the hollow element for holding the plug.
  • the hollow element for holding the plug may consist of a screw, screwed in a central boss of the bottom of the shell, said boss fitting into a hole in the metal wall of the ladle for centering the assembly and the screw being locked on said bottom by an outer nut.
  • the hollow screw provided with holes for letting out the gas at its portion inside the shell is connected through a flexible conduit with a gas bottle, under pressure, mounted on the suspension means of the on the metal housing of the latter.
  • the plug may also be maintained in the shell by a separate screw screwed in an aperture of the bottom of the shell and said bottom is-provided with a hollow externally threaded stud or bolt which is intended to be connected with a gas bottle and which may also be used for securing on the bottom of the ladle metallic housing, the assembly comprising the shell and the plug.
  • Figure 1 is a vertical section along the axis of a shell, plug and hollow screw assembly, showing this assembly in position on the bottom ,of a casting ladle;
  • Figure 2 is an elevation, with a partial vertical section, of a casting ladle transformed and equipped according to the invention
  • Figure 3 shows, partly in elevation and partly in. axial section, a shell, plug and hollow screw assembly, in -position on a casting ladle, for another embodiment
  • Figures 4 and 5 are two views 1, for two further embodiments;
  • Figure 6 is a side elevation of with a gas insufllating equipment.
  • the refractory plug 1 consists in a block of a refractory porous material provided having the shape of a truncated cone and preferably on its lateral surface with ametal lining 2.
  • a metal shell 3 is set up, formed by a lateral wall of rigid metal sheet of predetermined shape and dimensions, so that the plug 1 fits into said wall, issuing through the aperture or upper small end of the truncated cone.
  • its lateral surface is coated. with a suitable refractory cement which insures a gastight sealing.
  • the total height of the assembly corresponds to the thickness of the refractory coating 4 placed on the metal bottom 5 of the casting ladle to be transformed into a treatment ladle by gas insufllation.
  • the shell 3 is closed by a bottom which constitutes its larger end and which consists, for instance, of a disc 6 of metal sheet on the outer face of which is added, by welding, a central cylindrical boss'7, perforated, like the disc 6, and tapped for receiving a hollow threaded rod or screw 8 which, in the embodiment shown, constitutes the element holding the plug 1 in the shell 3.
  • the upper end .of said screw bears on a shoe 9, preferably provided with perforations distributed over its surface for the passage of the gas to be insufilated.
  • the bottom 6 is secured on the shell 3 by welding, for instance, and the whole is placed on the inner face of the bottom 5 of the metal housing ofthe ladle perforated at 10 for the passage of the boss 7, and the whole is held by a nut 11 screwed on the screw 8 and bearing on the outer face of the bottom 5 through a washer 12.
  • the refractory lining 4 of the-ladle is made in the usual man-- ladle or directly ner around the shell 3 and the upper portion of the plug 1, the upper surface of which, at the level of the surface of the lining, is in direct contact with the molten metal in the ladle.
  • the source of the gas to be insufliated may consist of a cylinder 14 ( Figure 2), and supported in a suitable mounting designed for supporting it directly on the metal housing or on the suspension or carrying means of the ladle.
  • the outlet of the cylinder 14 is connected by a flexible conduit 15 with the hollow screw 8 and, as already explained, the treatment by gas insufflation may be applied during the duration of transport of the ladle from the smelting furnace to the mould to be filled or any other receiving point for the treated molten metal.
  • the equipment for insufilating a gas into the molten metal contained in a a casting ladle is directly supported on the metallic housing of the ladle the hanging handle of which is shown in 17.
  • the cylinder 14 which contains the gas to be insutflated is removably supported in a housing 19 made of metal sheets suitably secured to the metal housing of the ladle and coated, at least on its inner surface adjacent to the ladle, with a lining of a material such as asbestos for preventing the cylinder to be unduly heated.
  • a pressure regulator 20 is connected to the outlet of the cylinder 14 and the low pressure outlet of said regulator is connected to an outflow meter 21 which is provided at its outlet with a hand valve or cock 23.
  • a pipe 24 connects, by the intermediary of a flexible hose, the outlet of the cock 23 with a rigid pipe 22 intended to supply the gas to be insufllated to the insufllating device provided at the bottom of the ladle.
  • the regulator 20 and cock 23 may be provided with any suitable devices allowing to control them from a place distant from the ladle.
  • the ladle is intended to be used both for pouring molten metal by tilting it, the molten metal flowing over the pouring lips 25, and for pouring molten metal in a vertical stream from the ladle bottom through an orifice controlled in a well known manner by a stopper rod actuated from the upper portion of the ladle by the usual means not shown.
  • the stream of molten metal from the bottom of the ladle flows vertically through a sleeve 26 into which gas may be blown from the pipe 22 through a control cock 27 in order to protect said stream against the influence of the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the gas insufflating device shown in that figure differs from that shown in Figure l chiefly by the fact that the hollow screw which is supplied the insufllated gas, does not act to hold the porous plug in the metallic shell.
  • the thickness of the shell 53 is smaller at its upper portion than at its lower portion and the plug 1 is held in said shell by a threaded stud 8a which is screwed in a tapped hole of the bottom 56 welded at 611 to the lower edge of the shell 53, the upper end of said stud 8a bearing against a perforated plate or grid 9 applied against the lower face of the plug 1.
  • a tubular threaded stud 28 is centrally secured to the bottom 56 and for instance welded at 29 on said bottom.
  • the stud 28 is passed through an opening 10 of the bottom of the metallic housing of the ladle and the device as a whole is secured to the ladle by a nut 11 screwed on the stud 28 and bearing against a washer 12.
  • the gas to be insutflated enters the tubular stud 28 through a connecting member 30 screwed into said stud, and flows into the shell through a plurality of holes 31 drilled in the bottom 56.
  • the porous plug 1 is inverted, its smaller face being the lower face.
  • a metal rod 32 having its upper portion split and spread out is embedded in the plug during the molding operation, and said rod extends outside the plug in order to provide a stud-bolt 32a.
  • the shape of the shell 63 corresponds to that of the plug 1 and, as the shells of the embodi rnents already described, it is provided with a bottom 56 welded at 6a.
  • the stud 32a is passed through a central opening of the bottom 56 and the plug is held in the shell 63 by tightening a nut 35 screwed in said stud. It appears that, with such an arrangement, a plug burnt or broken is readily removed and replaced by a new one.
  • the device as a whole is secured to the ladle as already explained in connection with Figure 3.
  • a tubular threaded stud 28 is welded at 29 to the bottom 56 and passed through the opening 10 of the bottom 5 of the housing of the ladle, a nut 11 being then screwed on the bolt 28 and bearing against a washer 12.
  • the stud 28 is connected to the pipe which supplies the gas to be insufllated, said gas entering the shell through holes 31 drilled in the bottom 56.
  • FIG. 5 When the gas insufflating device is to be applied to ladles of large diameter and depth use may be made of the embodiment shown in Figure 5 and in which a circular opening 37 is cut in the bottom 5 of the metal housing of the ladle at a diameter sumcient to allow the shell 73 to be passed through said opening from the outside.
  • the shell 73 is provided with a lower flange 3a to which the bottom 6 is welded at 6a and said flange is applied against the bottom 5 around the opening 37 by a numher, three for instance, of lugs 38 journalled upon studs 39 suitably secured to the bottom 5 and having a restricted outer portion threaded for receiving a locking nut 40.
  • shell 73, plug 1 and screw 8 or stud 8a is of a simple and economical construction and may be supplied as such to foundrymen and metallurgists, who, to apply it to a casting ladle, only need to provide, in the metal wall of said ladle, in its bottom for instance, a hole with a diameter corresponding to that of the boss 7 or of the tubular stud 23 or of the lower end of the shell in Figure 5 or several holes, if several plugs are used. This hole or these holes can easily be stopped if the ladle is to be used for its initial purpose. For example, in the case of the smaller diameter hole, a threaded plug may be utilized, with the space in the refractory material filled in with suitable refractory material.
  • a device for insufflating a gas into a mass of molten metal in a container by blowing said gas through a porous refractory plug comprising a refractory lined metallic shell provided with a tapered opening in its bottom wall, a removable housing extending substantially into said tapered opening and extending below said opening to provide a skirt, a base plate releasably secured to said housing by clamp means fixedly attached to said shell, said clamp means contacting said plate and said skirt'to retain said housing in said tapered opening, a threaded hollow stud, a perforated shoe provided at the upper end of said stud on which said porous plug rests,
  • a second hollow threaded stud positioned on the exterior of said plate and connected to said first mentioned 6 stud, said plug providing a gas chamber adjacent said 1,763,248 Moore June 10, 1930 plate, said plate having at least one hole adjacent said 1,836,196 Smelling Dec. 15, 1931 first and second mentioned studs for the passage of gas 2,265,511 Brassert Dec. 9, 1941 into said gas chamber, and means for connecting said second mentioned tubular stud with a source of gas to 5 FOREIGN PATENTS be insufilated through said stud. 456,234 i Man 29, 1950 498,983 Belglum Nov. 14, 1950 References Cited in the file of this patent 68 ,048 Great Britain Dec. 10, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES 728,261 Mark May 19, 1903 10 Metal Progress, June 1949, pages 817-820.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
US267439A 1952-01-21 1952-01-21 Device for insufflating gas into a mass of molten metal Expired - Lifetime US2811346A (en)

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NL74999D NL74999C (fr) 1952-01-21
US267439A US2811346A (en) 1952-01-21 1952-01-21 Device for insufflating gas into a mass of molten metal

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Cited By (27)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2956794A (en) * 1955-07-05 1960-10-18 Institnt De Rech S De La Sider Method and means for blowing gases containing possibly pulverulent material into a bath of molten metal
US2961722A (en) * 1958-10-29 1960-11-29 Skf Svenska Kullagerfab Ab Casting molten material in a vacuum
US2975047A (en) * 1956-11-07 1961-03-14 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Process for the continuous pre-refining of molten pig iron
US2993780A (en) * 1957-11-16 1961-07-25 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Method for treating steel in vacuo
US3067139A (en) * 1956-11-28 1962-12-04 Philips Corp Method for treating materials having a high surface tension in the molten state in a crucible
US3078527A (en) * 1959-09-17 1963-02-26 Continental Can Co Production of ingots with filled core channels
US3083422A (en) * 1959-04-13 1963-04-02 Finkl & Sons Co Porous stopper rod
US3343829A (en) * 1964-03-14 1967-09-26 British Cast Iron Res Ass Porous plug assembly for metallurgical receptacle
US3490755A (en) * 1966-06-27 1970-01-20 Air Liquide High-temperature device for the injection of fluids
US3834685A (en) * 1973-09-24 1974-09-10 Allegheny Ludlum Ind Inc Apparatus for injecting fluids into molten metals
US3917241A (en) * 1973-01-15 1975-11-04 Lectromelt Corp Molten metal holding furnace system
US4053147A (en) * 1975-04-24 1977-10-11 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Device for introduction of gases into reaction vessels containing fluids
US4243210A (en) * 1978-06-05 1981-01-06 Aikoh Co. Ltd. Tundish for the continuous casting of steel
FR2471416A1 (fr) * 1979-12-10 1981-06-19 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Elements refractaires poreux et procede de fabrication
FR2475063A1 (fr) * 1980-02-02 1981-08-07 Didier Werke Ag Procede de montage et de remplacement d'une garniture pour l'introduction de gaz par la paroi d'un recipient contenant une masse fondue, et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre
FR2523007A1 (fr) * 1982-03-15 1983-09-16 Air Liquide Procede et installation de protection d'un jet de coulee de metal liquide
WO1985001068A1 (fr) * 1983-08-20 1985-03-14 Brohltal-Deumag Ag Für Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse; Appareil d'extraction pour une pierre refractaire d'injection de gaz
US4538795A (en) * 1984-10-19 1985-09-03 Bate Michael D Device for introducing gas into molten metal in controlled streams
US4589635A (en) * 1984-05-24 1986-05-20 Pollock Company Porous plug retainer
US4632367A (en) * 1984-10-19 1986-12-30 Labate Michael D Device for introducing gas into molten metal
US4661153A (en) * 1983-07-01 1987-04-28 Southwire Company Refractory porous plug
US4711432A (en) * 1985-06-28 1987-12-08 Didier-Werke Ag Gas washing device
US4725047A (en) * 1985-08-26 1988-02-16 Labate M D Device for introducing gas into molten metal
DE3206499C1 (de) * 1982-02-24 1988-03-03 Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Vorrichtung zum Einführen von Gasen in metallurgische Gefäße
US4779849A (en) * 1986-07-12 1988-10-25 Didier-Werke Ag Gas washing device with reduced gas flow upon wear of gas sink
EP0376142A1 (fr) * 1988-12-22 1990-07-04 Plibrico Company GmbH Installation d'injection
EP0521371A1 (fr) * 1991-06-28 1993-01-07 Veitsch-Radex Aktiengesellschaft für feuerfeste Erzeugnisse Brique pour lavage au gaz

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US728261A (en) * 1902-11-24 1903-05-19 Charlie E Mark Process of subjecting materials to the action of air or other gases.
US1763248A (en) * 1928-06-19 1930-06-10 Pittsburgh Res Corp Electric furnace method
US1836196A (en) * 1928-10-24 1931-12-15 Walter O Snelling Method of treating molten materials
US2265511A (en) * 1937-12-08 1941-12-09 Brassert & Co Bessemer converter
BE498983A (fr) * 1949-11-03 1951-02-15
GB684048A (en) * 1949-06-22 1952-12-10 Mini Of Mines And Technical Su The gas flushing of liquid masses

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US728261A (en) * 1902-11-24 1903-05-19 Charlie E Mark Process of subjecting materials to the action of air or other gases.
US1763248A (en) * 1928-06-19 1930-06-10 Pittsburgh Res Corp Electric furnace method
US1836196A (en) * 1928-10-24 1931-12-15 Walter O Snelling Method of treating molten materials
US2265511A (en) * 1937-12-08 1941-12-09 Brassert & Co Bessemer converter
GB684048A (en) * 1949-06-22 1952-12-10 Mini Of Mines And Technical Su The gas flushing of liquid masses
BE498983A (fr) * 1949-11-03 1951-02-15

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2956794A (en) * 1955-07-05 1960-10-18 Institnt De Rech S De La Sider Method and means for blowing gases containing possibly pulverulent material into a bath of molten metal
US2975047A (en) * 1956-11-07 1961-03-14 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Process for the continuous pre-refining of molten pig iron
US3067139A (en) * 1956-11-28 1962-12-04 Philips Corp Method for treating materials having a high surface tension in the molten state in a crucible
US2993780A (en) * 1957-11-16 1961-07-25 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Method for treating steel in vacuo
US2961722A (en) * 1958-10-29 1960-11-29 Skf Svenska Kullagerfab Ab Casting molten material in a vacuum
US3083422A (en) * 1959-04-13 1963-04-02 Finkl & Sons Co Porous stopper rod
US3078527A (en) * 1959-09-17 1963-02-26 Continental Can Co Production of ingots with filled core channels
US3343829A (en) * 1964-03-14 1967-09-26 British Cast Iron Res Ass Porous plug assembly for metallurgical receptacle
US3490755A (en) * 1966-06-27 1970-01-20 Air Liquide High-temperature device for the injection of fluids
US3917241A (en) * 1973-01-15 1975-11-04 Lectromelt Corp Molten metal holding furnace system
US3834685A (en) * 1973-09-24 1974-09-10 Allegheny Ludlum Ind Inc Apparatus for injecting fluids into molten metals
US4053147A (en) * 1975-04-24 1977-10-11 Swiss Aluminium Ltd. Device for introduction of gases into reaction vessels containing fluids
US4243210A (en) * 1978-06-05 1981-01-06 Aikoh Co. Ltd. Tundish for the continuous casting of steel
EP0030501B1 (fr) * 1979-12-10 1983-11-23 INSTITUT DE RECHERCHES DE LA SIDERURGIE FRANCAISE (IRSID) France Elément réfractaire poreux et procédé de fabrication
FR2471416A1 (fr) * 1979-12-10 1981-06-19 Siderurgie Fse Inst Rech Elements refractaires poreux et procede de fabrication
FR2475063A1 (fr) * 1980-02-02 1981-08-07 Didier Werke Ag Procede de montage et de remplacement d'une garniture pour l'introduction de gaz par la paroi d'un recipient contenant une masse fondue, et dispositif pour sa mise en oeuvre
DE3206499C1 (de) * 1982-02-24 1988-03-03 Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden Vorrichtung zum Einführen von Gasen in metallurgische Gefäße
FR2523007A1 (fr) * 1982-03-15 1983-09-16 Air Liquide Procede et installation de protection d'un jet de coulee de metal liquide
US4460409A (en) * 1982-03-15 1984-07-17 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Process and installation for protecting a jet of molten metal for casting
EP0089282A1 (fr) * 1982-03-15 1983-09-21 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Procédé et installation de protection d'un jet de coulée de métal liquide
US4661153A (en) * 1983-07-01 1987-04-28 Southwire Company Refractory porous plug
WO1985001068A1 (fr) * 1983-08-20 1985-03-14 Brohltal-Deumag Ag Für Feuerfeste Erzeugnisse; Appareil d'extraction pour une pierre refractaire d'injection de gaz
EP0137961A1 (fr) * 1983-08-20 1985-04-24 Radex Deutschland Aktiengesellschaft für feuerfeste Erzeugnisse Dispositif extracteur pour une brique pour lavage au gaz
US4589635A (en) * 1984-05-24 1986-05-20 Pollock Company Porous plug retainer
US4632367A (en) * 1984-10-19 1986-12-30 Labate Michael D Device for introducing gas into molten metal
US4538795A (en) * 1984-10-19 1985-09-03 Bate Michael D Device for introducing gas into molten metal in controlled streams
US4711432A (en) * 1985-06-28 1987-12-08 Didier-Werke Ag Gas washing device
US4725047A (en) * 1985-08-26 1988-02-16 Labate M D Device for introducing gas into molten metal
US4779849A (en) * 1986-07-12 1988-10-25 Didier-Werke Ag Gas washing device with reduced gas flow upon wear of gas sink
EP0376142A1 (fr) * 1988-12-22 1990-07-04 Plibrico Company GmbH Installation d'injection
EP0521371A1 (fr) * 1991-06-28 1993-01-07 Veitsch-Radex Aktiengesellschaft für feuerfeste Erzeugnisse Brique pour lavage au gaz

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