US2804645A - Spinneret plate for melt spinning - Google Patents

Spinneret plate for melt spinning Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2804645A
US2804645A US354499A US35449953A US2804645A US 2804645 A US2804645 A US 2804645A US 354499 A US354499 A US 354499A US 35449953 A US35449953 A US 35449953A US 2804645 A US2804645 A US 2804645A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
inch
spinneret plate
face
spinneret
melt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US354499A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert E Wilfong
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to US354499A priority Critical patent/US2804645A/en
Priority to BE526106D priority patent/BE526106A/xx
Priority to FR1096943D priority patent/FR1096943A/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2804645A publication Critical patent/US2804645A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
    • D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to apparatus for the spinning of a synthetic funicular body. More particularly, it relates to a spinneret which is particularly useful in the formation of a longitudinally-channeled funicular body of a melt-spun, fiber-forming synthetic linear polymer.
  • funicular body is meant a filament, fiber, staple, yarn, tow, cord or the like which is suitable for textile and other uses.
  • Another object is to provide a novel spinnert useful in the production of a longitudinally-channeled funicular body.
  • longitudinally-channeled funicular bodies are produced from a fiber-forming synthetic polymer by melt-spinning through a spinneret containing single or multiple, suitably patterened arrangements of holes of such proximity and size that as the filaments emerge, coalescence occurs among the strands of each patterned arrangement. Thereafter, the extrusions are subjected to rapid quenching to arrest plastic flow. Further deviation from a circular cross-section is obtained by drawing the extruded filaments.
  • coalescence among individual strands in the melt-spinning of a longitudinally-channeled filament as described in the aforementioned copending application can be improved by modifying the individual orifices on the spinneret plate so that they flare outwardly toward the extrusion face.
  • Figures 1 through 12 inclusive are plan views of fragmentary sections of spinneret plates showing various typical individual patterned arrangements which may be employed in accordance with the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a magnified fragmentary cross-sectional view of a spinneret plate in which the individual orifices of the patterned design have been gradually flared.
  • Figure 14 is a magnified fragmentary cross-sectional view of a spinneret plate in which the individual orifices of the patterned design have been flared by countersinkmg.
  • relative viscosity as used herein is meant 2,804,645 Patented Sept. 3, 1957 the quotient of the efllux time in a capillary viscometer at 25 C. of solution of 11 grams of polymer in 100 ml. of solvent divided by the efilux time of the solvent under the same conditions. This figure gives a relative indication of the degree of polymerization.
  • the reference solvent employed in the examples for hexamethylene adipamide is a aqueous solution of formic acid.
  • the reference solvent for polyethylene terephthalate is a solution of 7 parts by weight of trichlorophenol and 10 parts by weight of phenol.
  • Example I ning equipment similar to that disclosed in U. S. Pat.
  • the yarn is spun at a rate of 500 yards per minute into-a cross-flow cooling chimney which extends 12 inches below the spinneret.
  • Such an arrangement is shown in U. S. Pat. No. 2,273,105. Air flow is maintained in the chimney at 234 cubic ft. per minute. The air at the influx is approximately at room temperature.
  • the spinneret filter pack is maintained at approximately 270 C.
  • the spinneret plate described above is then modified by flaring out the orifices on a /8 inch radius so as to reduce the web thickness at the extrusion face to 0.001 inch.
  • a magnified, fragmentary, cross-sectional view of a spinneret plate in which the individual orifices of the patterned design have been so flared is illustrated in Figure 13.
  • the flare is obtained by gently expanding the individual orifices 4 from the polymer melt face 1 toward theextrusion face 2, producing a web 5 of varying cross-section.
  • Surface 3 is produced by the countersink on the polymer melt face.
  • the web thickness at the polymer melt face at the bottom of the countersink is 0.002 inch.
  • the thickness of the spinneret plate in the countersink region is 0.012 inch.
  • the polymer described above is extruded under the conditions stipulated. The resulting yarn ends average only 1.0 incompletely coalesced strand.
  • Example II except near the extrusion face.
  • the web. thickness at thev extrusion face is 0.0005 inch.
  • the polymer of Example I is extruded under the conditions of that example. No incompletely coalesced strands are observed in the resulting yarn ends.
  • Example III the procedure described in U- S.'Pat.*No. 2 ,465,319, hav-' ing a relative viscosity of 35, is spun through this equipment to obtain a 306-denier," '34-filament yarn.
  • the yarn isspun at a rate of 980 yards per minute. into a crossflow chimney as described inExample I ..'The air flow in the chimney is maintained at 78 cubic ft. per minute.
  • the air at the influx is approximately at room temperature.
  • the spinneret filter pack is maintained at approximately 285C. 1
  • the nature and viscosity. of the' polymer to be extruded, the particular patterned arrangement employed and the size and spacing of the individual holes within eachpatterned arrangement are variables, the combined efiect of which determines optimum operating conditions. In general, it is desirableto extrude'at as low a temperature as possible to avoid unnecessary plastic flow in the extruded mass.
  • the individual holes withineach 'patterned arrangement must be maintained small to present a structure having a relatively large surface area to crosssection which is easily quenched. These individual holes must be close enough together within each patterned arrangement that coalescence of the individual strands within each arrangement occurs.
  • melt-spinning of any particular polymer will be slightly lower when practicing the present invention than is usually employed in the conventional melt-spinning of the same polymer.
  • a pack temperature of from about 255 C. to about 290 C. is recommended for the spinning of polyethylene terephthalate having a relative viscosity of from 25 to 35 when following the teachings of the. present invention.
  • Polyhexamethylene adipamide, having a relative viscosity within the range of 25 to 45, is best spun at a pack temperature of from 245 C. to 270 C; when proceeding in accordance with the present invention.
  • Rapid quenching of the extruded filament assists in the arrest of its plastic flow. It is promoted by maintaining the diameter of the extruded individual strand as low as practicable in order to assist heat transfer after extrusion. In general, a hole diameter of from about 0.004 to about 0.030 inch has been found suitable for the melt-spinning of polyesters and polyamides. A relatively high-velocity, low-temperature air stream is also beneficial in obtaining this result. Concurrent or countercurrent flow at the spinneret face may be advantageously employed. In any of these techniques, care must be taken to avoid fouling the extruded filaments, one with the other. Beside quenching in air, quenching in any inert cooling fluid may be employed.
  • the thickness of the spinneret plate is not critical. It should be maintained as thin as practicable in order to avoid temperature changes of the polymer melt between its polymer melt surface and the extrusion surface. Furthermore, a thick plate introduces friction losses. The matter of strength of the plate must be considered and this will depend not only on its thickness but on its material of construction. For a chromium steel plate (such as illustrated in U. S. Pat. No. 2,341,555) a plate thickness of from about 0.2 to about 0.4 inch is suflicient. It is possible to decrease the thickness at each extrusion point by countersinking on the polymer melt face over each patterned arrangement.
  • a spinneret plate for melt-spinningv which comprises a thin plate containing at least one group of outwardly flaredholes so spaced that coalescence occurs among the adjacent extruded strands of each group; with the diameter of the flare of the said holes increasing towards the extrusion face so as to provide a web thickness at the extrusion face of less than about 0.002 inch; and with each group of said outwardly flared holes having a countersink region on the polymer melt face of the said plate.
  • a spinneret plate for melt-spinning which comprises a thin plate containing at least one group of outwardly flared-holes having diameters of from about 0.004 to about 0.030 inch on the polymer melt face and being.
  • each group so spaced that coalescence occurs among the adjacent extruded strands of each group; with the diameter of the flare of the said holes increasing towards the extrusion face so as to provide a web thickness at the extrusion face of less than about 0.002 inch; and with each group of said outwardly flared holes having a countersink region on the polymer melt face of the said plate.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
US354499A 1953-05-12 1953-05-12 Spinneret plate for melt spinning Expired - Lifetime US2804645A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US354499A US2804645A (en) 1953-05-12 1953-05-12 Spinneret plate for melt spinning
BE526106D BE526106A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1953-05-12 1954-01-29
FR1096943D FR1096943A (fr) 1953-05-12 1954-02-01 Procédé pour la fabrication de nouveaux fils synthétiques et produits nouveaux enrésultant

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US354499A US2804645A (en) 1953-05-12 1953-05-12 Spinneret plate for melt spinning

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2804645A true US2804645A (en) 1957-09-03

Family

ID=23393610

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US354499A Expired - Lifetime US2804645A (en) 1953-05-12 1953-05-12 Spinneret plate for melt spinning

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2804645A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE526106A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1096943A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2980492A (en) * 1958-05-27 1961-04-18 Du Pont Process for preparing textile yarns
US2991147A (en) * 1957-07-16 1961-07-04 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Process for the manufacture of sintered multifilamentary structures
US3060500A (en) * 1959-09-01 1962-10-30 Du Pont Composite spinneret plate unit
US3077633A (en) * 1958-05-15 1963-02-19 Eastman Kodak Co Apparatus for spinning synthetic filaments and fibers of increased bulk and stiffness
US3092873A (en) * 1958-10-17 1963-06-11 Celanese Corp Spinneret
US3100675A (en) * 1959-07-28 1963-08-13 Onderzoekings Inst Res Process for melt spinning polyethylene terephthalate
US3131427A (en) * 1958-10-17 1964-05-05 Celanese Corp Spinnerette
US3156085A (en) * 1959-09-24 1964-11-10 Du Pont Continuous composite polyester filament yarn
US3161706A (en) * 1961-09-28 1964-12-15 Polythane Corp Method and apparatus for wet spinning elastomeric polymers into a fused multifilament fiber
US3209402A (en) * 1962-03-07 1965-10-05 Celanese Corp Apparatus for producing multicom-ponent filaments and yarns
US3308221A (en) * 1963-05-14 1967-03-07 Allied Chem Melt spinning of modified cross section yarn
US3497585A (en) * 1966-06-09 1970-02-24 Monsanto Co Self-crimping filament process
US3920876A (en) * 1972-05-19 1975-11-18 Hoechst Ag Process for the manufacture of shaped bodies from cellular thermoplastic materials
DE2900028A1 (de) * 1978-01-03 1979-07-12 Monsanto Co Verfahren zum schmelzspinnen von polyestergarn von grosser elementarfaserstaerke mit hoher geschwindigkeit
US4176211A (en) * 1978-05-02 1979-11-27 Phillips Petroleum Company C-shaped polyester filaments
US4376743A (en) * 1981-06-12 1983-03-15 Fiber Industries, Inc. Melt spinning process
EP0078869A1 (en) * 1981-11-09 1983-05-18 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Filamentary structure
US4772347A (en) * 1980-05-09 1988-09-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Process for making filamentary structure

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1773969A (en) * 1928-09-08 1930-08-26 Celanese Corp Process of and apparatus for making artificial filaments
US1964659A (en) * 1933-02-09 1934-06-26 Delaware Rayon Company Spinnerette
US2149425A (en) * 1934-04-17 1939-03-07 Draemann Max Rubber thread and method of making same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1773969A (en) * 1928-09-08 1930-08-26 Celanese Corp Process of and apparatus for making artificial filaments
US1964659A (en) * 1933-02-09 1934-06-26 Delaware Rayon Company Spinnerette
US2149425A (en) * 1934-04-17 1939-03-07 Draemann Max Rubber thread and method of making same

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2991147A (en) * 1957-07-16 1961-07-04 British Nylon Spinners Ltd Process for the manufacture of sintered multifilamentary structures
US3077633A (en) * 1958-05-15 1963-02-19 Eastman Kodak Co Apparatus for spinning synthetic filaments and fibers of increased bulk and stiffness
US2980492A (en) * 1958-05-27 1961-04-18 Du Pont Process for preparing textile yarns
US3092873A (en) * 1958-10-17 1963-06-11 Celanese Corp Spinneret
US3131427A (en) * 1958-10-17 1964-05-05 Celanese Corp Spinnerette
US3100675A (en) * 1959-07-28 1963-08-13 Onderzoekings Inst Res Process for melt spinning polyethylene terephthalate
US3060500A (en) * 1959-09-01 1962-10-30 Du Pont Composite spinneret plate unit
US3156085A (en) * 1959-09-24 1964-11-10 Du Pont Continuous composite polyester filament yarn
US3161706A (en) * 1961-09-28 1964-12-15 Polythane Corp Method and apparatus for wet spinning elastomeric polymers into a fused multifilament fiber
US3209402A (en) * 1962-03-07 1965-10-05 Celanese Corp Apparatus for producing multicom-ponent filaments and yarns
US3308221A (en) * 1963-05-14 1967-03-07 Allied Chem Melt spinning of modified cross section yarn
US3497585A (en) * 1966-06-09 1970-02-24 Monsanto Co Self-crimping filament process
US3920876A (en) * 1972-05-19 1975-11-18 Hoechst Ag Process for the manufacture of shaped bodies from cellular thermoplastic materials
DE2900028A1 (de) * 1978-01-03 1979-07-12 Monsanto Co Verfahren zum schmelzspinnen von polyestergarn von grosser elementarfaserstaerke mit hoher geschwindigkeit
US4176211A (en) * 1978-05-02 1979-11-27 Phillips Petroleum Company C-shaped polyester filaments
US4772347A (en) * 1980-05-09 1988-09-20 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Process for making filamentary structure
US4376743A (en) * 1981-06-12 1983-03-15 Fiber Industries, Inc. Melt spinning process
EP0078869A1 (en) * 1981-11-09 1983-05-18 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Filamentary structure

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE526106A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1956-07-20
FR1096943A (fr) 1955-06-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2804645A (en) Spinneret plate for melt spinning
US3118012A (en) Melt spinning process
US3361859A (en) Melt-spinning process
US2604667A (en) Yarn process
EP0067557B1 (en) Spinneret and melt spinning process
US2957747A (en) Process for producing crimpable polyamide filaments
US3558420A (en) Hollow filaments
GB1569119A (en) Stretchable spun-bonded polyolefine web
US3135811A (en) Process and apparatus for uniformly cooling melt-spun filaments
US3109195A (en) Spinneret plate
JPH03119105A (ja) ポリエチレンフイラメントの製造方法
US3174364A (en) Process for the manufacture of spinnerets for melt spinning
US4772347A (en) Process for making filamentary structure
US3447202A (en) Spinning apparatus with a spinneret and an elongated chamber with means to perform retarded cooling
US2891277A (en) Apparatus for melt spinning filaments which will coalesce
CN1946883A (zh) 制造纺粘细丝的方法
US2730758A (en) Method and apparatus for the production of crimped filaments
US4015924A (en) Spinning apparatus providing for essentially constant extensional strain rate
US3213171A (en) Process of producing spontaneously crimpable filaments from asymmetrically quenched and drawn fiber-forming polymers
US2447994A (en) Spinneret
US3640670A (en) Spinnerette for extruding t-shaped filaments
US2211946A (en) Spinnerette
US3728428A (en) Process for producing hollow filaments
US3608041A (en) Spinning process
US2798252A (en) Spinnerette