US2797907A - Fastener for bubble caps - Google Patents

Fastener for bubble caps Download PDF

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Publication number
US2797907A
US2797907A US450481A US45048154A US2797907A US 2797907 A US2797907 A US 2797907A US 450481 A US450481 A US 450481A US 45048154 A US45048154 A US 45048154A US 2797907 A US2797907 A US 2797907A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
support
opening
deck
stem
retaining surfaces
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US450481A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bie Piet De
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Development Co
Original Assignee
Shell Development Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Development Co filed Critical Shell Development Co
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Publication of US2797907A publication Critical patent/US2797907A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D3/00—Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping
    • B01D3/14—Fractional distillation or use of a fractionation or rectification column
    • B01D3/16—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid
    • B01D3/18—Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid with horizontal bubble plates
    • B01D3/20—Bubble caps; Risers for vapour; Discharge pipes for liquid
    • B01D3/205—Bubble caps

Definitions

  • FIG. 1 A first figure.
  • This invention relates to a fastener or hold-down for securing a bubble cap over an opening in a contacting tray deck,I e. g., a bubble tray or deck of a fractionating tower, and to the combination of such a deck with a bubble cap and the fastener.
  • the invention relates to a fastener that includes an upright stem or fastening bolt and a transverse support for engaging the edge of the opening and lower face of the deck when in place, said fastener being adapted both for insertion into and removal from the opening from a position above the deck without the services of a workman beneath the deck, and being frictionally retained to the de k against falling during assembly to and disassembly from the deck.
  • One (U. Patent No. 2,338,928), includes a central stern and a transverse support having shouldered arms that are alternately provided with lugs at their lower and upper sides for engaging the lower and upper surfaces, respectively, of the tray deck and thereby securing the stem against both upward and downward movements.
  • the hold-down is tilted and hooked into the deck opening to place all arms initially beneath the deck; the stem is then righted and raised with the stem centered in the opening.
  • the arms that have their lugs at ti e top, having the ⁇ ends rounded off, ex inwardly upon engaging the edge of the opening so as to pass through the latter and thereafter spring outwards when their lugs emerge above the deck.
  • Another hold-down construction (U. IS. Patent No. 2,443,812) uses an inverted Lil-shaped spring clip with out-turned lugs at the bottoms of the spring arms, the said arms pressing against the vapor riser for frictional support to hold the fastening bolt against falling during asn sembly and disassembly.
  • One drawback of this construction is that the spring clip requires a vertically enlarged contacting surface, such as the inner face of a riser tube, and cannot, therefore, be installed in a simple opening in a plate forming a deck.
  • a further object is to provide a hold-down for bubble caps that can be installed within an opening in a plate-type of tray deck of any thickness, working only from a position above the tray, for centering or otherwise correctly positioning the fastening bolt or stem within the opening and frictionally securing the hold-down within the opening against falling during assembly and disassembly.
  • the improved hold-down comprises an upright fastening stem to the top of which the bubble cap is secured and a transverse resilient support secured to the stem and comprising a plurality of arms having shoulders providing lugs adapted to engage the under side of the deck, said arms having lateral retaining surfaces adapted for frictional engagement with the inner edge of the opening in the deck and having earn surfaces for flexing the support by engagement with the deck when it is moved upwards through the opening, all parts of the support above the said retaining surfaces being situated within a closed plane geometric ligure, such as a circle, that is smaller than the similar figure enclosing the several retaining surfaces, whereby the support is retained frictionally in the opening solely by the resiliency of the support.
  • a closed plane geometric ligure such as a circle
  • the geometric relation between the stem and support is such that the hold-down can be tilted and inserted into the deck opening from the top to bring the support entirely beneath the deck.
  • the device is then moved to position the stem vertically and center it, and drawn upwards into the deck opening to flex the support inward and engage the retaining surfaces to the inner edge of the opening.
  • the device can be removed from the deck by simply pushing it down to free the support from the edge of the opening, tilting it, and drawing it up through the opening.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view taken on a vertical plane through the diameter of the opening in a tray deck and showing a bubble cap fastened to a tray deck with the hold-down according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a bottom plan view, looking in the direction of the arrows 2 2 in Figure l;
  • Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on a vertical plane through the diameter of the opening and illustrating the insertion of the hold-down;
  • Figure 4 is a sectional View taken on the section line 4 4 of Figure 2 and showing the hold-down in operative position;
  • FIGS 5, 6 and 7 are bottom plan views of three alternative constructions.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view of an arm of a support according to Figure 5 or 6.
  • the bubble cap l is supported by vertical spacer plates 2 that are positioned in notches in the upper rim of a tubular riser 3.
  • the bubble cap is situated over a circular opening 4 formed within a tray deck 5, against which the bottom of the riser 3 is seated to support the bubble cap upwardly.
  • the bubble cap is fastened by a fastening stem or bolt 6 which is permanently fastened at the bottom to a flexible, transverse support 7, the said stem and support together constituting the hold-down.
  • the top of the stem is threaded to receive nuts S which bear on a washer 9 for holding the bubble cap in place.
  • agregara' ThesupportI 7l (-see Figure 2) consists ofV four' hori' zontal, flexible arms formed by two resilient metal strips that are thin in relation to their vertical dimensions and are bent toward each other at their intermediate parts', atf which they are fastened't'o each other'and to the bottom of the stem 6, e. g., by welding.
  • the arms thus form an tei-shapedy support,
  • the outermost parts advantageously intersect the edge of the opening at an angle to the radius, as shown, so as to be readily defi'ectable inwardsin" the manner to be described presently.
  • The'shape of the support, when in the relaxed state, prior to installation, isshown in chain lines in Figure'Z.
  • the end of'each'armis shouldered to provide a lug 11 at the bottom thereof and alateral retaining surface 12 extending vertically from thel lug.
  • a cam surface 13 extendsv upwards from the retaining surface and is inclined generally toward the steme6; thecam surface may bestra'ight, as" shown, orl rounded as shown in Fig. 8.
  • the second step is fonned'by the retaining surfaces 12,v
  • the third step, formed by the cam surfaces 13, has circumscribed circlesof diameters that diminish towards the top tov a; limiting diameter D3 which is much smaller than the diameter ofV the opening 4, bothin thelocked and relaxed positions ofthe. support. It followsY that all parts of the support above the vertical retaining surfaces 12 are situated'within a circlethat is smaller than the circle enclosingl the retaining surfaces.
  • Installation of the hold-down and mounting of the bubble cap can be carried out in the following manner:
  • the support 7 may also be constructed in various-ways; care should, however, be taken to insure that it can pass throughtheopening 4'fwhenA the stern 6is in' an oblique position and can engage the edges of the opening when the stem is in a central, vertical position. It is not necessary that the support have more than two arms, that all the arms be flexible or shaped identically or symmetrically, that all cam surfaces 13 be inclined away from the periphery, although all of these characteristics are highly advantageous in affording a better centering action and in providing a support having maximum durability and security for a given weight and flexibility.
  • each arm may provide more thanV one lug for engaging the under side of the deck and/ or more than one retaining surface for resiliently engaging the interior surface of the deck opening. Examples are:
  • the stern 6 is attached to a support having two identically shaped arms 10a that are also'thin, -vertically elongated metal strips generally J-shaped in plan.
  • the upper part of the metal is cut away from the radially outermost part of each arm to leave an abutment or lug' 11a and two retaining edges 12a, 12b, that merge into'v inwardly sloping cam surfacesv 13a, 13b that Iare rounded' with a rad of curvature R'.
  • the diametersY D1, Dz and D3 of thecircumscribed circles are indicated; they havethe'signic'ance previously described for the first embodiment.
  • the hold-down is installed and removed in the same manneras above.
  • the support has'two identically shaped arms 10b forming loops, thesupportV as a whole being -shaped in plan.
  • Each arm again provides a pair of retaining sur-Y faces and a pairof cam surfaces, differing from Figure 8 only in that'bo'th ends of the strip are attached to the stem 6.
  • a hold-down for fastening a bubble cap over an opening in a contacting trayy deck comprising an upright fastening stem adapted for connection at the top thereof to the bubble cap and a transverse, resilient support.' secured to the bottom of the stern so as to permit downward Vpassage of the support through said opening from above the deck and upward passage therethrough from below yin' the'v undeformed state of the support andy having aV plurality of upwardly directed abutments dlsposed to engage the under side of the deck to limit upward movement of the support, a plurality of lateral retaining surfaceson the resilient support urged resiliently outwards forfrictional engagement with the interior surfaceV of said opening, and cam surfaces above said retaining surfaces on the support merging therewith to move said retaining surfaces resiliently inwards by engagement of said cam surfaceswith said interior surface of the opening, all parts of the support above said retaining suri faces being situated inwardsV with respect tothe retaining surfaces, whereby said support is restrained against downward movement during' assembly and dis
  • a hold-down vaccording to claim 1 wherein saidsup'- port comprises a plurality of resilient arms formed of. stripsv that are vertically elongated and laterally flexible, at least two of said-arms bein'gshouldered at their outer ends to provide lugs constituting the said upwardly directed abutments, the end of each said arm immediately above the lug constituting one of said retaining surfaces, the part of each arm above said retaining surface being inclined generally toward the stem to constitute the said cam surface, and the part of each strip adjoining the said cam surface thereon being inclined to the radial plane through said retaining surface thereon.
  • a hold-down according to claim 2 wherein the support consists of four arms grouped about the stem in the form of an H.
  • a hold-down for fastening a bubble cap over a circular opening in .a contacting tray deck comprising an upright fastening stem adapted for connection at the top thereof to the bubble cap and a transverse support rigidly secured to the bottom of said stem so as to permit downward passage of the support through said opening from above the deck and upward passage therethrough from below in the undeformed state of the support and having a plurality of arms extending out from said stem to beyond the edge of the opening at points distributed about said edge, said arms providing at said points (a) a shoulder disposed for engagement with the underside of the tray to limit upward movement of the support, (b) an upright retaining surface adapted for resilient, frictional engagement with the interior surface of the opening to restrain the support against downward movement during assembly and disassembly, and (c) a cam surface extending upwards from said retaining surface, at least one cam surface being inclined generally toward the stem and at least one of said arms intersecting said edge at an angle to the radius to the point of intersection and being horizontally resilient to reduce the diameter of the

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
  • Closures For Containers (AREA)
US450481A 1953-08-18 1954-08-17 Fastener for bubble caps Expired - Lifetime US2797907A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL751448X 1953-08-18

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2797907A true US2797907A (en) 1957-07-02

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ID=19825013

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US450481A Expired - Lifetime US2797907A (en) 1953-08-18 1954-08-17 Fastener for bubble caps

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US2797907A (en)van)
BE (1) BE531177A (en)van)
DE (1) DE943884C (en)van)
FR (1) FR1106833A (en)van)
GB (1) GB751448A (en)van)
NL (1) NL85658C (en)van)

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4059877A (en) * 1976-08-06 1977-11-29 Texaco Inc. Methods for forming bubble cap assemblies for a gas and liquid contact apparatus
US4207276A (en) * 1977-10-14 1980-06-10 Oy Alko Ab Easily maintained bubble-cap column for the distillation of clogging and high-sediment liquids
US4715996A (en) * 1986-10-31 1987-12-29 Amoco Corporation Bubble cap assembly
US5045247A (en) * 1990-03-30 1991-09-03 Union Oil Company Of California Bubble cap assembly
US20060119029A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2006-06-08 Makoto Kitamura Belt drive device and image forming apparatus
EP1721660A1 (en) * 2005-05-13 2006-11-15 Haldor Topsoe A/S Distributor system for downflow reactors comprising subdivided chimney chamber
US20060256126A1 (en) * 2005-05-11 2006-11-16 Benq Corporation Display apparatuses and methods for display parameter adjustment contingent upon display content
US20080127868A1 (en) * 2006-11-16 2008-06-05 Seminatore Salvatore J Nozzle system
US20080202394A1 (en) * 2004-11-19 2008-08-28 Lennart Nordh Air Nozzle With Fastening Means And Method For Fastening Of Said Nozzle

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2338928A (en) * 1942-06-22 1944-01-11 Glitsch & Sons Fritz W Supporting device for bubble caps
US2443812A (en) * 1945-12-28 1948-06-22 Standard Oil Dev Co Bubble cap
US2510586A (en) * 1947-12-12 1950-06-06 Lummus Co Bubble cap hold-down device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2338928A (en) * 1942-06-22 1944-01-11 Glitsch & Sons Fritz W Supporting device for bubble caps
US2443812A (en) * 1945-12-28 1948-06-22 Standard Oil Dev Co Bubble cap
US2510586A (en) * 1947-12-12 1950-06-06 Lummus Co Bubble cap hold-down device

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4059877A (en) * 1976-08-06 1977-11-29 Texaco Inc. Methods for forming bubble cap assemblies for a gas and liquid contact apparatus
US4146950A (en) * 1976-08-06 1979-04-03 Texaco Inc. Methods for forming bubble cap assemblies for a gas and liquid contact apparatus
US4207276A (en) * 1977-10-14 1980-06-10 Oy Alko Ab Easily maintained bubble-cap column for the distillation of clogging and high-sediment liquids
US4715996A (en) * 1986-10-31 1987-12-29 Amoco Corporation Bubble cap assembly
US5045247A (en) * 1990-03-30 1991-09-03 Union Oil Company Of California Bubble cap assembly
US20080202394A1 (en) * 2004-11-19 2008-08-28 Lennart Nordh Air Nozzle With Fastening Means And Method For Fastening Of Said Nozzle
US7624691B2 (en) * 2004-11-19 2009-12-01 Metso Power Ab Air nozzle with fastening means and method for fastening of said nozzle
US20060119029A1 (en) * 2004-12-02 2006-06-08 Makoto Kitamura Belt drive device and image forming apparatus
US7921987B2 (en) 2004-12-02 2011-04-12 Oki Data Corporation Belt drive device and image forming apparatus
US20060256126A1 (en) * 2005-05-11 2006-11-16 Benq Corporation Display apparatuses and methods for display parameter adjustment contingent upon display content
EP1721660A1 (en) * 2005-05-13 2006-11-15 Haldor Topsoe A/S Distributor system for downflow reactors comprising subdivided chimney chamber
US7601310B2 (en) 2005-05-13 2009-10-13 Haldor Topsoe A/S Distributor system for downflow reactors
US20080127868A1 (en) * 2006-11-16 2008-06-05 Seminatore Salvatore J Nozzle system
US7819071B2 (en) * 2006-11-16 2010-10-26 Seminatore Salvatore J Nozzle system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1106833A (fr) 1955-12-23
DE943884C (de) 1956-06-01
GB751448A (en) 1956-06-27
BE531177A (en)van)
NL85658C (en)van)

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