US2782930A - Centrifugal extractor with oscillating means therefor - Google Patents

Description

Feb- 26, 1957 w. G. J. HECKMANN CENTRIFUGAL ExTRAc'roR WITH oscrLLATING MEANS THEREFOR Filed oct. 18, 1954 7 I? w 2 I WL .u .I

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CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR WITH OSCILLATING MEANS TIIEREFOR Wolfgang Gertrud Joseph Heckmann, Koln-Deutz, Germany, assignor to Klockner-I-Iumboldt-Deutz A. G., Koln, Germany, a corporation of Germany Application October 18, 1954, Serial No. 462,941

8 Claims. (Cl. 210-72) The present invention relates to a centrifugal device for dehydrating a material, and more particularly to a centrifuge for dehydrating a sludge or slurry, such as a slurry consisting of coal particles.

It is an object of the present invention to render simple the construction of a centrifugal device of the kind described.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a centrifugal device having driving members which are easily accessible.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description thereof when read in connection with the accompanying drawings showing, by way of example, an embodiment of the present invention.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation of a centrifugal device according to the present invention,

Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-section of the sieve drum forming part of 1rEig. l, and

Fig. 3 is an enlarged partial view of the sieve drum shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Referring now to the drawings, the centrifuge has a drum 1 which is open at the upper end thereof. The drum 1 is provided with a conical sieve 2 having a generatrix having an inclination of about 10 to 15 against the axis A-A of the drum 1. The sieve 2 has preferably a vertical height H of about 300 millimeters. The inner diameter of the sieve 2 measured at half height thereof amounts to about 400 millimeters (mean diameter).

The mantle 2 is preferably wound from a wire 3 (Fig. 2) having a triangular cross-section so that a narrow gap remains on the inner side between the individual windings amounting, for example to 0.15 millimeter width which flares towards the outside. A plurality of longitudinal bars 4 (Fig. 3) are welded to the outside of the sieve 2. By this Imeans care is taken that the individual windings of the wire 3 retain always the correct distance from one another. The sieve mantle 2 is clamped by means of tie rods or stays 5 between a collar 6 arranged at the upper edge of the sieve 2 and a bottom plate 7. The bottom plate 7 is attached to a centrally arranged hollow shaft 8 which projects with its upper end beyond the upper rim portion of the sieve drum 2. The hollow shaft 8 carries at its upper end a pulley 9 having preferably a diameter being smaller than the smallest diameter of the sieve mantle 2, so that the sieve mantle 2 can be removed if it has become worn, by taking the same out of the centrifuge in upward direction, the sieve drum 2 being then replaced by a fresh sieve drum. The pulley 9 is connected by V-belts 1l) with a motor 11 arranged on a bracket 12 connected to the outer wall 13 of the frame. Thus the shaft 8 and the sieve drum 2 is driven by the motor 11 with a speed equalling, for instance, 1,400 revolutions per minute. At this number of revolutions a centrifugal acceleration ma? prevails at the perimeter at half height of the sieve nited States Patent-O ice drum 2, lthat is where the same has a diameter of 400 millimeters, which equals about 400 times the acceleration of gravity. The hollow shaft 8 is guided by means of roller bearings 14 and 15 on an axle 16. The correct adjustment of the bearings 14 and 15 is effected by means of a lock nut 17. The axle 16 is arranged with the lower end thereof in a cylindrical sleeve, generally denoted by 65 and lconsisting of a rubber ring or core 18 and metal rings 19 and 20 vulcanized to the rubber core 18. By means of the rings 19 and 20 the cylindrical sleeve 65 is clamped to the casing 29 of the frame and on the other hand rigidly connected with the axle 16. A head piece 21 is arranged at the upper end of the axle 16 and has a collar 21a surrounded by a sleeve generally denoted by 66 and consisting of a rubber core 23 and two metal rings 24 and 25 vulcanized therewith.

The ring 24 is braced with the collar 21a of the head piece 21, whereas the ring 25 is attached to a casing 26. The latter is connected by means of a plurality, preferably two or three arms 27 having a T-shaped cross-seo tion, with a flange 28 arranged at the upper end of the wall 13. vThe diameter of the ange 23 is larger than the outer diameter of the collar 6 so that the sieve drum 2 may be brought into operative position. The support of the casing 26 by means of the arms 27 involves the advantage that the sieve drum 2 is easily accessible, notwithstanding the drive thereof arranged above the sieve drum 2, since the openings between the individual arms 27 allow an easy access; also the sieve drum 2 may be easily watched through these openings.

The axle 16 is secured to the frame of the machine by its attachment to the sleeves 65 and 66 so that the axle 16 is unrotatably, but resiliently supported in the longitudinal direction thereof. Preferably the sleeves 65 and 66 are designed with respect to the resilient properties thereof in such a lmanner that they oppose a larger resistance to a transverse displacement thereof than to a longitudinal displacement. This may be accomplished by rendering the height of the rubber cores 18 and 23 larger than the thickness thereof. In this manner, it is accomplished that lateral and pendulum movements of the axle 16 having an undesirable amplitude are prevented.

The two shafts 30 and 31 are supported by the head piece 21 and carry eecentrically arranged weights 32 and 33 in corresponding recesses of the head piece 21. A V-belt pulley 36 is attached to the shaft 30 outside the head piece 21 and connected by means of a plurality of V-shaped belts 37 with a motor 38 being preferably arranged opposite to the motor 11 on a bracket 29 connected to the arms 27. In this way, it is achieved that the belt tension for the drive of the weights 32 and 33 is oppositely directed to the belt tension for the drive of the sieve 2 so that the forces acting on the sleeves 65 and 66 through the driving belts 10 and 37 across the longitudinal direction of the axle 16 are kept small. On the side of the head piece 21 turned away from the pulley 36, toothed wheels 40 and 41 are, respectively, attached to the shafts 30 and 31. The two toothed wheels 40 and 41 engage each other so that the shafts 30 and 31 and the weights 32 and 33 revolve in opposite direction. The weights 32 and 33 are arranged relatively to each other so that the centrifugal forces exerted by the same add in vertical direction and cancel leach other in horizontal direction. The axle 16 carries out vertical oscillations under the influence of the weights 32 and 33, which it is enabled to follow easily, on account of the resilient support thereof. The oscillating movement is transferred by means of the bearings 14, 15 to the hollow shaft 8 and from there to the sieve drum 2. Preferably the drive for the oscillating movement is hyper-critical and carried out, for instance, with a frequency of 50 cycles per second and an amplitude of about 1.5 to 3 millimeters. The weights 32 and 33 and the parts connected therewith may be replaced, if desired, by a corresponding device such as an electromagnetic oscillator.

Into the sieve drum 2 project two or more uniformly distributed tubes 42 connected at the upper ends thereof with a supply pipe (not shown) for the material to be dehydrated. The tubes 42 end slightly above the bottom plate 7 and are here preferably bent toward the outside so that they open at a small distance from the sieve mantle 2 and about parallel to the salme.

The sieve drum 2 is surrounded by a wall 43 ending approximately at the height of the upper edge of the drum and forming with the bottom part 45 of the machine frame and the casing 29 a container 46 collecting the centrifuged water. Preferably a cylindrical ring 47 is arranged below the bottom plate 7 of the sieve drum 2, the cylindrical ring 47 enclosing the casing 29 at a small distance so as to form an effective protection against the penetration of water into the container 46 between the bottom plate 7 and the lower casing 29. The hollow shaft 8 is sealed against the axle i6 by means of a packing 49 and a ring 50 so that the bearing 14 is protected against any water penetrating into the space 48. For protecting the upper bearing 1S against the penetration of dirt and water the pulley 9 is also sealed by a sealing 52 and a ring 53 against the axle 16. Furthermore, it has been found advantageous to provide the collar 6 with a downwardly extending conical ring 51 extending inside the container 46 parallel to the wall 43 and at a small distance therefrom. In this manner it is accomplished that no water may penetrate from the container 46 into the angular space 54 provided between the wall 43 and the outer wall 13 of the frame of the machine. The annular space 54 opens at the lower end thereof into a collecting bin 55 supporting the centrifuge by means of interposed rubber springs 56. The connection of the wall 13 with the wall 43 is effected by ribs 60.

The operation of this device is as follows:

Through the tubes 42 a quantity of a coarse coal slurry is introduced into the sieve drum 2, the quantity amounting, for instance, to 30 cubic meters per hour and containing per liter about 600 grams of solid particles having a particle size up to l millimeter. After the exit from the tubes 42, the slurry hits the sieve 2 and is carried along by the same. The water penetrates the sieve 2 under the action of the centrifugal force and collects in the container 46 whence it is drained through the connection 61. The solid particles kept back form a layer of approximately l millimeters thickness on the sieve 2 which travels upwards in the direction of the generatrices of the sieve 2 under the inuence of the oscillating lmovement and the component of the centrifugal force. The dry material leaves the sieve drum 2 over the collar 6 thereof and drops then through the annular space 54 into the collecting bin 55.

I have described a preferred embodiment of my invention, but it should be understood that this disclosure is only for the purpose of'- illustration and that various omissions or changes in shape, proportion and arrangement of parts, as well as the substitution of equivalent elements for those herein shown and described, may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention set forth in the appended claims.

I claim:

l. In a centrifugal device, the combination of: a support, an axle, connecting means connecting said axle with said support, said connecting means preventing said axle from rotations about its axis and permitting oscillations of said axle in the direction of the longitudinal axis thereof, a hollow shaft surrounding at least a portion of said axle, said hollow shaft being rotatably mounted on said axle and being engaged with the latter for participating in oscillations thereof, a sieve drum rigid with said rotatable hollow shaft, driving means operatively connected with said hollow shaft for rotating same together with said sieve drum, and oscillating means operatively connected with said axle for oscillating same together with said sieve drum.

2. In a centrifugal device as claimed in claim l, said sieve drum being open at one of its ends, said hollow shaft projecting beyond said open end of the sieve drum, and said axle projecting beyond said hollow shaft.

3. ln a centrifugal device as claimed in claim 2, said oscillating means being operatively connected with said projecting end of the axle.

4. In a centrifugal device as claimed in claim 3, said oscillating means being in the shape of an oscillator mounted on said projecting end of the axle.

5. In a centrifugal device as claimed in claim l, said connecting means including resilient means permitting said oscillations.

6. In a centrifugal device as claimed in claim l, said connecting means being in the shape of rings made of References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 275,874 Weston Apr. 17, 1883 2,254,455 Sorenson Sept. 2, 1941 2,494,584 Rouse Jan. 17, 1950

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