US2775012A

US2775012A - Slide fastener

Info

Publication number: US2775012A
Application number: US200663A
Authority: US
Inventors: Mulka Friedrich
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1949-12-13
Filing date: 1950-12-13
Publication date: 1956-12-25
Anticipated expiration: 1973-12-25

Description

F. M U LKA SLIDE FASTENER Dec. 25, 1956 Filed Dec. l5, 1950 United States Patent O SLIDE FASTENER Friedrich Mulka, Wewelsburg, near Paderborn, Germany Application December 13, 1950, Serial No. 200,663

Claims priority, application Germany December 13, 1949 Claims. (Cl. 24--205.1)

The present invention relates to a slide fastener and to a method for producing Vthe same.

In the prior slide fasteners the fastener elements are attached to the Stringer tapes either by being seated on and clamped to a ridge formed by the Stringer tape or by being embedded in elastic profiled strips of a plastic. Both kinds of fasteners are expensive to manufacture.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a slide fastener in which the fastener elements are securely attached to ordinary plain tapes consisting of any de- Sired material.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a slide fastener forming a sealed connection using ordinary plain tapes of any desired material.

According to the present invention the marginal zones of the tapes are folded so as to embrace the fastening elements which are firmly held in position within the 'folds by clamps embracing the folds from the outside.

The novel slide fastener is much cheaper since it does not depend on the use of special tapes provided with a ridge but can be combined with tapes of any desired material. Moreover it permits to obtain an air or water tight connection which also prevents the passage of dust.

Further features of the present invention will appear from the description of two preferred embodiments thereof illustrated in the accompanying drawings in Which- Fig. l is a plan view, partly shown in section, of the novel slide fastener, the section being taken along line 1-1 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 2 is the cross-section taken through the slide fastener rshown in Fig. l, said section being taken along line 2 2 of Fig. l,

Fig. 3 is a cross-section through one of the Stringer tapes of a modified embodiment of my invention, said section being taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 4, and

Fig. 4 is a partial section taken along line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

The two stringer tapes a and b which may consist of any desired textile or other pliable material are each provided with a row of fastener elements c, each such element being formed by a at member having an arrow head g at its outer end, a riveted head h at its other end and two hooks i between its ends. Each Stringer tape a forms a longitudinal fold of S-shaped cross-section, as will appear from Fig. 2. The fastener elements are inserted in the outer loop of the longitudinal fold their arrow heads projecting from the fold. The loop of the tape enclosing the fastener elements is embraced by outer U- shaped sheet-metal clamps d which press the material of the tape firmly upon the upper and lower faces of the fastener elements.

In the embodiment shown the ends of the fastening elements c extend through the tape a, or b respectively7 and through the clamp d and are riveted to form the heads h whereby the fastening elements, the tape a, or b respectively, and the clamp d are firmly united. If desired, the fastening elements, however, may be attached to the 2,775,0l2 Patented Dec. 25, 1956 f. ICC

clamps d by soldering, welding, cementing or by a pressing operation or a chemical fusing operation.

The customary slider e which serves to open and close the interlocking rows of fastener elements c embraces the clamps d as shown in Fig. 2. The lower arms of the clamps d have downwardly bent ends which in closed condition firmly press the tapes a and b one upon another thereby forming a sealed closure. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the clamps d have channel guidable cross-Sections, shown as generally rectangular herein, and the slider has channels for gnidingly cooperating therewith, thus aligning the heads g of each row of fastener elements with the spaces between the fold-embraced elements of .the other row during the closing of the fasteners. As shown in Figs. 2p, 3 and 4, the clamps d have terminal end portions facing the line of interengagement of the fastener elements and spaced from that line by distances less than the uncompressed thickness of the strips, andthe Strip material of each of the exposed tapes is of a thickness such that it projects slightly beyond said line of interengagement so that on closing of the fastener the tape materials are compressed together at both sides of the interengaged rows of fastener elements. With this arrangement normal lateral pull on the tapes tending to reduce the compression thereof at one side of the row of interengaged fasteners tends to increase the compression thereof at the other side of the row maintaining a tight Seal.

In addition to compressing against each other at both sides of the fastener, the material ofthe strips may be compressed against the line of interengagement of the fastener elements. Thus in the form shown, when the fastener is closed, the compressed material of the strips bears against Side faces of the fastener heads adjacent the line of interengagement that corresponds to the Vline of the base of the fastener head, shown as having a generally isosceles trapezoidal cross-section in Fig. 4.

The embodiment illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 differs from that shown in Figs. 1 and 2 by the fact that the top faces and the bottom faces of the fastening elements 2 have indentations and that the clamps 1 have inner projections 3a which register with the indentations rso as to press the tape 3 into said indentations. Owing to this arrangement the material tof the tape 3 is firmly pressed into the indentations of the fastening elements 2 whereby the latter will be more firmly united with the tape 3 and with the clamps 1.

The term tape as used hereinabove and in the appended claims isV intended to include any piece of cloth having an edge to be fitted with a slide fastener. AS above mentioned, the tapes are planar and may consist of any desired material that, like cloth, is a flexible, compressible, and foldable, sheet-like material capable of bending to permit opening and closing of the fastener, and the term individual to means that each fastener element has its own attaching portion and clamping element, not shared with any other.

Preferably, the inner projections 3a of the clamps l are formed by indenting the clamp as shown at 4.

While l have illustrated my linvention by reference to two preferred embodiments thereof, I wish it to be clearly understood that the same is not limited to the details thereof but is capable of numerous modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. A sli-de fastener, comprising, in combination, a pair of opposed Stringer tapes, each being formed with a longitudinal fold; a row of fastening elements associated with each of said Stringer tapes, each element having a locking portion adapted to cooperate With the locking portion of an opposed element and an attaching portion located within the fold of the tape; a row of clamping elements associated with each of Said Stringer tapes, each clamping element corresponding to one fastening element and embracing the outside of a fold in that region thereof Where the attaching portion of the corresponding fastening element is located within the fold, firmly clamping the fold to said portion of the elements; and a Slider cooperating with said fastening elements for connecting and disconneet-ing the fastening portions thereof and thereby closing and opening the slide fastener.

2. A slide fastener, comprising, in combination, a pair of opposed Stringer tapes, each being formed with a longitudinal fold of S-shaped cross-section; a row of fastening elements associated with each of said Stringer tapes, each elemen-t having a locking portion adapted to cooperate With the locking portion of an opposed element and an attaching portion located Within the fold of the tape; a row of clamping elements associated with each of said Stringer tapes, each clamping element corresponding to one fastening element having substantially U-shaped cross-sections, and embracing the outside of a fold in that region thereof Where the attaching portion of the corresponding fastening element is located Within the fold, firmly clamping the fold to said portion of the elements; and a slider cooperating with said fastening elements for connecting and disconnecting the fastening portions thereof and thereby closing and opening the slide fastener.

3. A slide fastener, comprising, in combination, a pair of opposed Stringer tapes, each being formed with a longitudinal fold; a row of fastening elements associated with each of said Stringer tapes, each element having a locking portion adapted to cooperate with the locking portion of an opposed element and an attaching porti-on provided with at least one indentation located within the fold of the tape; a row of clamping elements associated with each of said stringer tapes, each clamping element corresponding to one fastening element, havin-g a-t least one projection registering with the indentation of the attaching portion of the fastening element and embracing the outside of a fold in that region thereof Where the attaching portion of the corresponding fastening element is located within the fold, firmly clamping the fold to said portion of the elements; and a slider cooperating with said fastening elements for connecting and disconnecting the fastening portions thereof and thereby closing and opening the slide fastener.

4. A Slide fastener, comprising, in combination, a pair of opposed Stringer tapes. each being formed with a longitudinal fold; a row of fastening ele-ments associated with each of said Stringer tapes, each element having a locking portion adapted to cooperate with the locking portion of an opposed element and an attaching portion provided with a projecting stud located within the fold of the tape, said stud piercing said tape; a plurality of clamping elements each having a substantially U-shaped crosssection and being formed With an opening registering with Said stud, embracing the outside of a fold in tha-t region thereof where the attaching portion of an element is located within the fold and having said projecting stud located within and riveted over said opening and firmly clamping the `fold to .said portion of the elements; and a slider cooperating With said fastening elementsI for connecting and disconnecting the fastening portions thereof an-d thereby closing and opening the slide fastener.

5. A slide fastener, comprising, in combination, a pair of opposed Stringer tapes, each being formed with a longitudinal fold; a row of fastening elements associated with each of said Stringer tapes, each element having a locking portion adapted to cooperate with the locking portion of an opposed element and van attaching portion provided with a projecting pointed stud located within the fold of the tape, said stud piercing said tape; a plurality of clamping elements each having a Substantially U-Shaped cross-Section and being formed with an opening at the bend of the U registering with said stud embracing the outside of a fold in that region thereof Where the attaching portion of an element is located within the fold and having said projecting stud located Within and riveted over said opening and firmly clamping the fold to Said portion of the elements; and a slider cooperating with said fastening elements for connecting and disconnecting the fastening portions thereof and thereby closing and opening the slide fastener.

`6. An attachment arrangement for securing a slide fastener element to a Stringer tape, comprising, in combination, a longitudinal fold formed in said Stringer tape along the edge thereof; an attaching portion on said slide fastener element formed with an indentation therein located within said fold of said Stringer tape; and a clamping element having a projection registering with said indentation on the attaching portion of said fastener element firmly embracing the outside of the fold in said Stringer tape in that region thereof Where said attaching portion of Said slide fastener element is located within said fold so as to clamp said Stringer tape permanently to said slide fastener element.

7. An attachment arrangement for Securing a slide fastener element to a Stringer tape, comprising, in combination, a longitudinal fold formed in said Stringer tape along the edge thereof; an attaching portion on said slide fastener element provided with a flat top face and a flat bottom face, each base being formed with an indentation therein, located within said fold of said Stringer tape; and a clamping element provided with a pair of opposed projections firmly embracing the outside of the fold in said Stringer tape in that region thereof Where said attaching portion of said slide fastener element is located Within said fold so as to press said Stringer tape firmly between the projections into the indentations of the attaching portion of said slide fastener element.

8. An attachment arrangement for securing a slide fastener element to a Stringer tape, comprising, in combination, a longitudinal fold formed in said Stringer tape along the edge thereof; an attaching portion on said slide fastener element provided with a projecting stud located Within said fold of said Stringer tape; and a clamping element having a substantially U-shaped cross-section formed with an opening therein registering with Said stud receiving Said Stud and firmly embracing the outside of the fold in said Stringer tape in that region thereof Where said attaching portion of Said slide fastener element is located within said fold so as to clamp said Stringer tape permanently to said slide fastener element.

9. An attachment arrangement for securing a slide fastener element to a Stringer tape, comprising, in combination, a longitudinal fold formed in said Stringer tape along the edge thereof; an attaching portion on said slide fastener element provided with a pointed projecting stud located within said fold of said Stringer tape and piercing the fold of said Stringer tape; and a clamping element having a Substantially U-shaped cross-Section formed with an opening therein registering with said stud receiving said stud and firmly embracing the outside of the fold in said Stringer tape in that region thereof where said attaching portion of said slide fastener element is located Within said fold so as to clamp said Stringer tape permanently to said slide fastener element.

10. A slide fastener comprising, in combination, a pair of opposed Stringer tapes each formed with a longitudinal fold spaced from the edge thereof; a row of fastener elements assembled with each of said Stringer tapes, each fastening element having a locking portion adapted to cooperate with the locking portion of an opposing element and an attaching portion located Within the fold of the tape; a row of clamping elements associated with each of said Stringer tapes, each clamping element corresponding to one fastening element and embracing the outside of a fold in that region thereof Where the attaching portion of the corresponding fastening element is located Within the fold and firmly clamping the fold to said portion of the element; said clamping elements having terminal end ifs portions facing the locking portions of said elements and spaced from the line of interengagement of said locking portions by distances less than the thickness of the stringer tapes; said stringer tapes extending past said end portions and being compressed against each other on both the near and far sides of the fastening elements in the closed position of the fastener; and a slider cooperating with said fastening elements for connecting and disconnecting the fastening portions thereof and thereby closing and opening the slide fastener.

ll. A slide fastener consisting solely of two stringer tapes of uniform thickness, two rows of fastening elements, two rows of clamp elements and a slider; said fastener elements having interlocking heads of approximately isosccles trapezoidal longitudinal cross section with narrow shanks extending from the bases thereof and with longitudinally widened foot sections carried thereby and being assembled in rows with their heads and foot sections mutually spaced; said rows of fastener elements having their foot and shank sections embraced within longitudinal folds of the stringer tapes with the stringer material projecting beyond the bases of the trapezoidal heads of the fastener elements; said rows of clamp elements embracing the folds in said tapes and clamping said folds about the foot and shank portions of said fastener elements, and being mutually spaced in alignment with the mutual spacings of said foot sections; said foot and clamping elements having interengaging portions locking the same in fixed relation to said folded tapes; said clamping elements having terminal ends spaced from the bases of said trapez-oidal heads by distances less than the uncompressed thickness of the tapes; said tapes being compressed together on both the near and far sides of the fastening elements in the closed position of the fastener; and said slider cooperating with said fastening elements for bending the stringer tapes between the clamping elements and moving the heads of each row of fastening elements into the longitudinal fold of the opposed stringer tape and between the Shanks of the companion row of fastener elements for closing the fastener and for reversing the operation for opening the fastener.

12. A slide fastener according to claim 11, in which said fastener elements have their shank portions at least in part reduced in thickness and in which said clamping elements have projections for registering with and pressing the tape into said reduced thickness parts.

13. An attachment arrangement for securing a series of separate individual slide fastener elements to a stringer tape, comprising, in combination, a longitudinal fold formed in said stringer tape adjacent an edge thereof; attaching portions rigid with and individual to each of the slide fastener elements of said series, said attaching portions being arranged in a row within said fold of said stringer tape; and a series of clamping elements individual to said attaching portions arranged in a row on the outside of the fold in said stringer tape, the clamping elements of said series of clamping elements being mutually spaced from each other and each being aligned with one of said attaching portions and permanently clamping said fold about said attaching portion.

14. An attachment arrangement for securing a series of individual slide fastener elements to a stringer tape, comprising, in combination, a longitudinal fold of SSB-shaped cross section formed in said stringer tape adjacent an edge thereof; attaching portions rigid with and individual to each of the slide fastener elements of said series, said attaching portions being arranged in a row Within the fold of said S-shaped fold more proximate to the said edge of said stringer tape; and a series of clamping elements individual to said attaching portions arranged' in a row on the outside of said fold more proximate to said edges of said tape, the clamping elements of said series of clamping elements being mutually spaced from each other and each being aligned with one of said attaching portions and permanently clamping said fold proximate to said edge of the tape about said attaching portion of an individual one of said row of attaching portions of said series of fastener elements and permanentiy securing the tape to the fastener element in said fold.

15. An attachment arrangement for securing a series of individual slide fastener elements along a stringer tape, comprising, in combination, a iongitudinal fold formed in said stringer tape adjacent an edge thereof; attaching portions rigid with and individual to each of the slide fastener elements of said series, said attaching portions being arranged in a row within said fold of said stringer tape of U--shaped cross section; and a series of clamping elements arranged in a row on the outside of the fold in said stringer tape, the clamping elements of said series of clamping elements being mutually spaced from each other and each being aligned with one of said attaching portions and permanently clamping said fold about said attaching portion of an individual one of said row of attaching portions of said series of fastener elements and permanently securing the tape to the fastener element in said fold.

References Cited in the tile of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,128,334 Kuehn Feb. 16, 1915 1,719,856 Sipe .uly 9, 1929 2,120,924 Stillschweig June 14, 1938 2,255,183 Ostwald Sept. 9, 1941 2,283,590 Sundback May 19, 1942 2,397,331 Winterhalter Mar. 26, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS 259,189 Germany of 1913 534,412 Great Britain of 1941