US2759990A - Electrical conducting ropes - Google Patents

Electrical conducting ropes Download PDF

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Publication number
US2759990A
US2759990A US267585A US26758552A US2759990A US 2759990 A US2759990 A US 2759990A US 267585 A US267585 A US 267585A US 26758552 A US26758552 A US 26758552A US 2759990 A US2759990 A US 2759990A
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United States
Prior art keywords
strands
layers
rope
layer
conductor
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Expired - Lifetime
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US267585A
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English (en)
Inventor
Bean Reginald
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Pirelli General Cable Works Ltd
Pirelli General Cable Works
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Pirelli General Cable Works
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/04—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables
    • H01B7/043—Flexible cables, conductors, or cords, e.g. trailing cables attached to flying objects, e.g. aircraft towline, cables connecting an aerodyne to the ground

Definitions

  • This invention relates to ropes and particularly to ropes of the kind incorporating an insulated electric conductor or conductors.
  • ropes are used in the electric killing of whales and may also be used as towing ropes for say gliders where the electric conductor or conductors serve for telephone connections between the glider and a towing plane.
  • a harpoon In the electric killing of whales, a harpoon is generally attached to what is known as a forerunner and the forerunner may itself be attached to a main rope of say nylon or manila although, in some cases, the main rope may be dispensed with. Both the forerunner and the main rope incorporate at least one insulated extensible electric conductor which must, of course, lengthen and contract to the same extent as the forerunner or main rope.
  • An electric generator provides current through the line for electrocuting a whale using the sea as an earth return
  • one known form of insulated conductor for incorporation in a forerunner or main rope consists of a rubber core, a braided conductor of tinned copper wire on this core, a rubber sheath over the wire, and an open textile braiding or whipping of say flax over the rubber sheath to link the sheath and thereby the conductor to the strands of the forerunner or main rope.
  • Such an insulated conductor will lengthen and contract together with the forerunner or rope, which may have an extension of up to 40%, without damage to the conductor and Without falling free of the strands of the rope.
  • the forerunner must be as light as possible and difficulty has been experienced in producing a small rope for an electrified forerunner which does not suffer from the trouble of strangulation of the incorporated insulated conductor and breakage of the electric circuit when the forerunner is stretched a few times.
  • known types of forerunner as the forerunner is stretched so the strands thereof twist and clamp down on the conductor. Several successive pinchings of the conductor harden the wires thereof and finally break them.
  • localised break-up of the fine wires may occur as a result of undue elongation of the wires caused by excessive torque.
  • the electric conductor in a rope of the kind incorporating at least one insulated electric conductor, is enclosed within a plurality of concentric flexible layers and the arrangement is such that the tendency of one layer to twist and so strangle the conductor when the rope is longitudinally stressed is neutralised or substantially neutralised by an adjacent layer of the rope.
  • the said flexible layers may each consist of closely adjacent strands of suitable textile material such as manila or nylon, adjacent layers being laid on in opposite senses.
  • suitable textile material such as manila or nylon
  • present invention is the provision of forerunner in which these troubles are the first layer of strands would be applied or wound on say in a clockwise or right-hand direction (looking along the rope), the next outer layer in an anti-clockwise or left-hand direction, the next in a. clockwise direction and so on.
  • the layers may be enclosed in a braided sheath of say manila or nylon strands.
  • the rope comprises an insulated electric conductor 1 as described above which forms a central core of the rope.
  • the conductor 1 comprises a rubber core 2 of circular section, the braided wires 3 of tinned copper, a rubber sheath 4 over the wires 3, and an open braiding or whipping 5 of flax or cotton over the sheath 4.
  • Laid on the conductor 1 are four stranded hemp or manila layers 6, 7, 8 and 9 and a final outer braided layer 10 of hemp or manila.
  • the layers 6 to 10 may be put on with standard electric cable making machines and may be impregnated with oil or other suitable water repellant materials.
  • the stranded layers 6 to 9 are laid on so that adjacent layers are of opposite sense and the arrangement is such twist, it is neutralised by an adjacent layer.
  • the two innermost layers 6 and 7 neutralise one another and each of these layers has the same number of individual strands, for example, sixteen. 8 and 9'also neutralise one another and each of these layers has the same number of strands, for example, twentyfour. All the strands of the layers 6 to 9 are wound to give as close a covering as possible, and, in winding on the strands of all the layers, a constant angle of inclination of the strands to the axis of the rope is maintained.
  • a rope using nylon is shown in Figure 2 and, referring to this figure, the rope comprises an electric conductor 1 as before with its constituent parts 2 to 5 although in this case the open braiding 5 is of nylon cord. Laid over this open braiding 5 are six concentn'c layers of nylon stranded cord 11 to 16 and over the last layer 16 is a braided layer 17 of nylon cord.
  • pairs of layers 11 and 12, 13 and 14, and 15 and 16 neutralise one another, the number of strands in any pair of layers being the same, and in the example shown, the pairs of layers have twenty, thirty and forty-one strands per layer, the layers 15 and 16 having the forty-one strands.
  • the number of strands in the pairs of layers may be varied and the first pair of layers 11 and 12 may consist of six or sixty instead of twenty strands.
  • the final outer braided layer 10 or 17 is of the same textile as the inner layers.
  • the purpose of this braided layer is to give the rope a smooth relatively even finish and also to hold the inner layers together in their relative Patented Aug. 21, 1956;
  • the layer carries very little, if any, of the load on the rope when under tension although, if desired, it could be designed to carry a proportion of the total load.
  • the proportion can be kept small by making the angle of the braid strands to the axis of the rope considerably greater than the angle of the strands of the inner layers to the axis.
  • the necessary rope strength and electrical conductivity can be achieved by suitable choice of the electric conductor 1 and the sizes and number of layers of textile over the conductor but, in some cases, a composite electric rope may be made by including say three ropes as described above with reference to either Figure 1 or 2 in a single stranded whole.
  • the various layers of hemp, manila or nylon are made up from a plurality of strands or cords which are themselves made up from several smaller strands, for example, three smaller strands twisted together.
  • the unit cords or strands of all the layers in a rope may all be made up from smaller strands twisted in the same direction, that is, the same cord may be used for all strands of all layers or the unit cords or strands in balancing layers, for example layers 6 and 7 in Figure 1, may have opposite twists.
  • the cords or strands in the layer 6 may be made up from three smaller strands twisted with a right-hand lay and the cords or strands in the layer 7 may be made up from three smaller strands twisted with a left-hand lay.
  • the direction of lay or twist of the smaller strands of a unit cord or strand may or may not be the same as the direction of lay or twist of the layer of cords or strands in which the unit cord or strand lies.
  • An extensible rope constituting an electric conductor comprising a central core of extensible insulating material, an extensible winding of electrically conducting wire mounted upon said core, an extensible insulating sheathing of material over said extensible winding, an open braiding of textile material over said extensible insulating sheathing, a plurality of pairs of concentric load carrying stranded layers of textile material such as nylon over said open braiding, the layers of each of said pairs having the same number of strands and being laid on in opposite senses to give a balanced construction, strands of all the pairs of layers having a constant angle of inclination to the rope axis, and an outer covering layer of textile braiding.
  • each of the strands of all the pairs of layers consists of several smaller strands twisted together and the direction of twist of said smaller strands in the main strands of one layer of a pair of layers is the same as the direction of twist of said smaller strands in the main strands of the other layer of the said pair of layers.
  • each of the strands of all the said pairs of layers consists of several smaller strands twisted together and the direction of twist of said smaller strands in the main strands of one layer of a pair of layers is opposite to the direction of twist of said smaller strands in the main strands of the other layer of the said pair of layers.
  • each of the strands of all the pairs of layers consists of several smaller strands twisted together and the direction of twist of said smaller strands in the main strands of a layer is the same as the direction of twist of the said main strands.
  • each of the strands of all the pairs of layers consists of several smaller strands twisted together and the direction of twist of said smaller strands in the main strands of a layer is opposite to the direction of twist of the said main strands.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
US267585A 1951-01-23 1952-01-22 Electrical conducting ropes Expired - Lifetime US2759990A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB2759990X 1951-01-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2759990A true US2759990A (en) 1956-08-21

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ID=10914825

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US267585A Expired - Lifetime US2759990A (en) 1951-01-23 1952-01-22 Electrical conducting ropes

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US2759990A (ja)
BE (1) BE508636A (ja)
FR (1) FR1049791A (ja)

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2892880A (en) * 1954-03-18 1959-06-30 Hohn Robert Multi-strand, abrasion resistant electrical conductors
US2913514A (en) * 1956-06-07 1959-11-17 Canada Wire & Cable Co Ltd Joints in armoured cable
US2979982A (en) * 1956-02-29 1961-04-18 Shuford Mills Inc Buoyant cordage
US2994050A (en) * 1959-04-10 1961-07-25 Sanders Associates Inc High frequency transmission line
US3014087A (en) * 1957-12-17 1961-12-19 Kaplan Philip Extensible electric cables
US3030851A (en) * 1959-02-06 1962-04-24 Glanzstoff Ag Mountaineering ropes
US3036490A (en) * 1957-09-18 1962-05-29 Glanzstoff Ag Mountaineering ropes
US3155769A (en) * 1960-09-29 1964-11-03 Boston Insulated Wire & Cable Elevator cable
US3240867A (en) * 1962-10-09 1966-03-15 Belden Mfg Co Shielded conductor in an extensible cable
US3324233A (en) * 1965-04-08 1967-06-06 Amphenol Corp Cable complex employing strand twist reversal to absorb longitudinal expansion
DE2212156A1 (de) * 1971-03-18 1972-09-28 Energie Froide Int Sa Blitzschutzeinrichtung
US4975543A (en) * 1989-06-30 1990-12-04 Sanders Associates, Inc. Energy-absorbing towline with embedded electrical conductors and drogue deployment system including same
DE4004802A1 (de) * 1990-02-13 1991-08-14 Siemens Ag Elektrisches kabel mit tragorgan und zwei konzentrisch angeordneten leitern
US5500488A (en) * 1993-07-22 1996-03-19 Buckel; Konrad Wide band high frequency compatible electrical coaxial cable
US6494523B2 (en) * 1999-12-14 2002-12-17 Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd. Harness-wiring system for a sliding door of vehicles
US20090151978A1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-18 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic outer layer with bevelled edge joint and associated methods
US20090151976A1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-18 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic inner layer with angled edges and associated methods
US20090151974A1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-18 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic outer layer with folded edge portions and associated methods
US20090151977A1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-18 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic inner layer with folded edge portions and associated methods
US7687719B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2010-03-30 Commscope Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic outer layer with angled edges and associated methods
US7687717B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2010-03-30 Commscope Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic inner layer with bevelled edge joint and associated methods
US10049786B2 (en) 2014-10-21 2018-08-14 Stefan Neuhold Electric energy transmission tether for an airborne wind power station

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US887160A (en) * 1907-02-08 1908-05-12 Webb Mfg Company Flexible wire shaft.
AU559232A (en) * 1932-01-05 1933-01-12 Heckenberg Kari Extensible electric conductors
GB418668A (en) * 1932-10-08 1934-10-22 Karl Herkenberg An elastic electric conductor
US2087303A (en) * 1934-04-21 1937-07-20 Anaconda Wire & Cable Co Insulated conductor and method of making same
US2092532A (en) * 1934-04-11 1937-09-07 Herman Arthur Ungemuth Extensible electric cord
US2175389A (en) * 1934-05-16 1939-10-10 Siemens Ag Electrically conducting whale line
FR980422A (fr) * 1948-12-13 1951-05-11 Elona Africa Câble électrique extensible, notamment pour antennes de radio et raccordements parcordons de tous appareils électriques
US2587117A (en) * 1948-11-11 1952-02-26 Clay Philip Ernest Frank Elastic yarn and method of making

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US887160A (en) * 1907-02-08 1908-05-12 Webb Mfg Company Flexible wire shaft.
AU559232A (en) * 1932-01-05 1933-01-12 Heckenberg Kari Extensible electric conductors
GB418668A (en) * 1932-10-08 1934-10-22 Karl Herkenberg An elastic electric conductor
US2092532A (en) * 1934-04-11 1937-09-07 Herman Arthur Ungemuth Extensible electric cord
US2087303A (en) * 1934-04-21 1937-07-20 Anaconda Wire & Cable Co Insulated conductor and method of making same
US2175389A (en) * 1934-05-16 1939-10-10 Siemens Ag Electrically conducting whale line
US2587117A (en) * 1948-11-11 1952-02-26 Clay Philip Ernest Frank Elastic yarn and method of making
FR980422A (fr) * 1948-12-13 1951-05-11 Elona Africa Câble électrique extensible, notamment pour antennes de radio et raccordements parcordons de tous appareils électriques

Cited By (26)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2892880A (en) * 1954-03-18 1959-06-30 Hohn Robert Multi-strand, abrasion resistant electrical conductors
US2979982A (en) * 1956-02-29 1961-04-18 Shuford Mills Inc Buoyant cordage
US2913514A (en) * 1956-06-07 1959-11-17 Canada Wire & Cable Co Ltd Joints in armoured cable
US3036490A (en) * 1957-09-18 1962-05-29 Glanzstoff Ag Mountaineering ropes
US3014087A (en) * 1957-12-17 1961-12-19 Kaplan Philip Extensible electric cables
US3030851A (en) * 1959-02-06 1962-04-24 Glanzstoff Ag Mountaineering ropes
US2994050A (en) * 1959-04-10 1961-07-25 Sanders Associates Inc High frequency transmission line
US3155769A (en) * 1960-09-29 1964-11-03 Boston Insulated Wire & Cable Elevator cable
US3240867A (en) * 1962-10-09 1966-03-15 Belden Mfg Co Shielded conductor in an extensible cable
US3324233A (en) * 1965-04-08 1967-06-06 Amphenol Corp Cable complex employing strand twist reversal to absorb longitudinal expansion
DE2212156A1 (de) * 1971-03-18 1972-09-28 Energie Froide Int Sa Blitzschutzeinrichtung
US4975543A (en) * 1989-06-30 1990-12-04 Sanders Associates, Inc. Energy-absorbing towline with embedded electrical conductors and drogue deployment system including same
DE4004802A1 (de) * 1990-02-13 1991-08-14 Siemens Ag Elektrisches kabel mit tragorgan und zwei konzentrisch angeordneten leitern
US5500488A (en) * 1993-07-22 1996-03-19 Buckel; Konrad Wide band high frequency compatible electrical coaxial cable
US6494523B2 (en) * 1999-12-14 2002-12-17 Sumitomo Wiring Systems, Ltd. Harness-wiring system for a sliding door of vehicles
US20090151978A1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-18 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic outer layer with bevelled edge joint and associated methods
US20090151976A1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-18 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic inner layer with angled edges and associated methods
US20090151974A1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-18 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic outer layer with folded edge portions and associated methods
US20090151977A1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-18 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic inner layer with folded edge portions and associated methods
US7569767B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2009-08-04 Commscope, Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic inner layer with folded edge portions and associated methods
US7569766B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2009-08-04 Commscope, Inc. Of North America Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic inner layer with angled edges and associated methods
US7622678B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2009-11-24 Commscope Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic outer layer with folded edge portions and associated methods
US7687719B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2010-03-30 Commscope Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic outer layer with angled edges and associated methods
US7687717B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2010-03-30 Commscope Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic inner layer with bevelled edge joint and associated methods
US7687718B2 (en) 2007-12-14 2010-03-30 Commscope Inc. Of North Carolina Coaxial cable including tubular bimetallic outer layer with bevelled edge joint and associated methods
US10049786B2 (en) 2014-10-21 2018-08-14 Stefan Neuhold Electric energy transmission tether for an airborne wind power station

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1049791A (fr) 1953-12-31
BE508636A (ja)

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