US275477A - friend - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.)

- 3 sheets-snee 1. J. L.l FRIEND.'

BRICK AND TILE KILN.

Panted pr. 10

WI TJV ESSES .Attorney n Pneus Pmmunwgmwer. waning u. c

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. L. FRIEND. BRICK AND TILE KILN. No. 275.47% Patented Apr.'10, 1883.

.fitto-may 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. L. FRIEND. y

' "BRICK AND TILE KIL-N.

(No Model.)

WITNESSES r l JF Attorney UNITED e STATES PATENT OFFICE..

JESSE 'L. FRIEND, OF PERRYSBURG, INDIANA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF T() DPTON A. AGER, OF SAME PLACE.

BRICK AND TILE KILN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 275,477, dated April 10,1883.

' appndaudnnled December-30,1882. (No model.)

To all whom Ait may concern:

Be it known that I, JESSE L. FRIEND, a citi zen of the United States, residing at Perrysburg, in the county of Miami and State of Indiana, have invented certa-in new and useful Improvements in Brick and Tile Kilns; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description 0f the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part of this specification, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 of the drawings is ahorizontal section of a tile-kiln constructed in accordance with my invention, taken on line y y of Fig. 4; Fig. 2, a detail view, in perspective and on an enlarged scale, of one ofthe fire-arches. Fig. 3 is a plan view in detail, showing the foundation or construction of the door inside of the interior Wall; and Fig 4, a longitudinal vertical section of the kiln.

The presentinvention has relation to certain new and usefulimprovements in tile-kilns 5 and the object thereof is to construct or build such a kiln as will be both practical and effective, and in which the steam and moisture arising from the ground and from the partially-dried tile at thecommencement of burning is effectually carried off, and requiring less fuel to obtain the desired results and expedition of work.

The above-mentioned objects I successfully attain by the construction substantially as shown in the drawings, and hereinafter dcscribed and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, A D represent, respectively, the outer and inner walls of the kiln, the outer wall being either square or with five or more sides, or any'desirable shape and thickness, and has a series of arched openings, B. This wall A, from a point at the top of the openings, inclinesin an inward direction toward the top of the wallD, or, in other words, it flares outwardly at the point where it joins the inner wall in a direction toward its base, thus leaving a larger space between the walls for the fuel, and the approach of the outer wall half-way between the openings insures better and more thorough combustion and heat, and enables the party usin gto concentrate theheat at any desired point-thatiahecan crowd the fire and heat to the centerl from all points or one or more, as found necessary, enabling the even distribution of heat in the most perfect manner. Y Y

The circular and inner wall, D, has a series ot' arches, C, diverging from a central iiue or chimney, E, which extends a suitable distance above the outer wall of the kiln, and is located at'tlie center thereof on level of floor, and connects with the arches C, which radiate from the center, as shown in Fig. 1.

rlhe flue or chimney E is preferably built of one width of brick, no mortar being used on ends, but left slightly open at the end ofeach brick, the object of the ue being to conduct or carry ofi the steam and moisture arising from the ground and from the partially-dried tile at the commencement of burning, and as soon as that is done the flue or chimney at the top is closed by placing overit sheet-iron or a like covering, thus preventing to a considerable extent the cracking of the tile.

The arches G have eachaseries of openings, b, through which the flame and heat passes either way through the dues orchannels c, running horizontally underthekiln-floor, as shown in Fig. 3 and indicated by arrows.

The outer wall, A, and circular orinner wall, D, are connected together by projecting brick at intervals at or near the top of the inner wall to retain the latter well in place, the wall D at intervals being provided with openings a.

If desired, the kiln may have a chimney extending horizontally through and beyond the outer wall and in an upward direction a suitable distance, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 4, such chimney, also the archways under iioor and covering over top of kiln, (also shown in dotted 1ines,) only being used when it is preferiled to have a downward draft,which is only occasionally required, but claimed by some as necessary in peculiar clays.

The formation or construction of the floor ot' the kiln is more clearly shown in Fig. 3, the main tire-arches G extending from the outside thereof and on line with the openings B, the construction of the fire-arches being shown in detail, Fig.2, and immediately under them radiate dues or channels of any desired width and depth, thus forming circular openings immediately under the floor. Mid way between these arches C, or about half-way from the `Wall I), are openings d, to admit a greater amount of heat, and after the arches, with the radiating and circular channels, are formed all coming to the same lerel, the whole surface is covered with brick set a suitable distance apart to permit the heat t0 escape upward, except immediately over the arches, Where the bricks are laid closer together, and sufficient heat is furnished Without the openings, and especially drawing the heat and causing it to circulate through the channels and evenly distribute itself through the body of tile or other article being burned.

A kiln constructed in accordance with my invention possesses many superior advantages over those ordinarily in use, it furnishing the lnost eren and perfect distribution of heat, the fuel and heat being directed around outside of the inner wall at any one or more openings, and thus burn all parts ot' the kiln alike; also, the manner of construction enables the interior and essential parts of the kiln to be repaired at any point Without the necessity of tearing down the entire inside.

Having now fully described my invention,

what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a tile or other kiln, the combination,

with the inner wall, D, having openings a, of 3o the outer wall, A, having arched openings B, said Wall flaring outward and joined to the inner wall, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a tile or other kiln, the outer wall, A, having arched opcningsB and flaring outward at or near its base, in combination with the inner wall, D, radial arches C, and chimney E, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. A tile or other kiln consistingot' theouter wall, A, having openings B, the inner wall, D, radial arches C, having openings b, and the chimney E, projecting from the center of'hiln or from the outside, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony that I claim the above I have hereunto subscribed my naine in the presence ot two Witnesses.

JESSE L. FRIEND.

Witnesses:

JAMES M. BROWN, J. H. BoNsLoG.

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