US2733305A - Diemer - Google Patents

Diemer Download PDF

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Publication number
US2733305A
US2733305A US2733305DA US2733305A US 2733305 A US2733305 A US 2733305A US 2733305D A US2733305D A US 2733305DA US 2733305 A US2733305 A US 2733305A
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United States
Prior art keywords
helix
tube
wave
wavelengths
electrode
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Expired - Lifetime
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English (en)
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/36—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/38—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field the forward travelling wave being utilised

Definitions

  • This invention relates to arrangements for amplifying centimetre waves, comprising a travelling wave tube, i. e. an electron tube in which an electron beam moves along the axis of a helix and interacts with an electromagnetic wave travelling along this helix in a manner such that the electron movement in the beam is substantially in phase with the travelling, electromagnetic wave.
  • a travelling wave tube i. e. an electron tube in which an electron beam moves along the axis of a helix and interacts with an electromagnetic wave travelling along this helix in a manner such that the electron movement in the beam is substantially in phase with the travelling, electromagnetic wave.
  • a high amplification requires a long helix. With a long helix however, the electrons can be delayed only slightly before getting out of phase with the electromagnetic wave travelling along the helix. In order to permit the extraction of high energy, the helix should therefore be short.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an improved arrangement, which produces both a high amplification and a satisfactory output.
  • an arrangement for amplifying centimetre waves comprising an electron tube in which the electron beam moves along the axis of a helix and interacts with an electromagnetic wave travelling along the helix, is characterized in that the helix comprises two parts which are not coupled by an electron beam and of which the length of the first part is a comparatively great number of wave lengths and that of the second part a comparatively small number of wavelengths, such that the ratio between these numbers is at least 2, the smaller number being 15 at the most and the greater at least 30.
  • the first part of the helix owing to its length is adapted to provide a high amplification whereas the second part, as an amplifier, is capable of providing a high output.
  • the output end of the first part and the input end of the second part of the helix may be coupled by direct connection or by a waveguide.
  • the two parts of the helix may co-operate with the same electron beam, if coupling by the beam is avoided by providing damping means in the proximity of the beam between the two parts of the helix.
  • Fig. 1 shows part of an arrangement comprising a travelling wave tube in which two separate helix parts are provided
  • Fig. 2 shows part of an arrangement according to the invention, in which the long part of the helix is provided in one travelling wave tube and the short part of the helix is provided in another travelling wave tube.
  • reference numeral 1 designates the glass wall of a tube, 2 a cathode and 3 an electrode for accelerating the electrons emanating from the cathode 2.
  • annular electrodes 5 which are spaced apart by a distance of more than 35 cms., is provided one part- 6 of a helix having a diameter of 7 mms. and a .pitch' -of 2.5 mms. wound from molybdenum "wire of 0.5 mm. diameter.
  • a similar second part 8 of a molybdenum wire the helix of the same pitch and diameter as part 6 and wound from molybdenum wire of the same diameter.
  • a collector electrode 4 is provided at the end of the tube 1 remote from the cathode 2.
  • the first annular electrode 5 is surrounded by the end of a waveguide 9 and, similarly, the second electrode 7 is surrounded by a waveguide 10.
  • the second annular electrode 5 and the first annular electrode 7 are coupled by a U-shaped waveguide 11.
  • a layer of graphite 16 is provided on the tube 1, in order to prevent the electron beam from bringing about a coupling between the two parts of the helix.
  • the first part of the helix With a beam current of 10 mat. and a wavelength of 10 cms., the first part of the helix, the length of which is equal to about 30 wavelengths is capable of amplifying by a factor of about 100. If the annular electrodes and the helix are at a voltage of more than 2500 v., an energy of at least 5 w. is obtainable from the waveguide 10 at a wave length of 10 cms.
  • helix is contained in each of two tubes.
  • the cathode of the second tube 12 is designated by 13, the accelerating electrode by 14 and the collector electrode by 15. Similar parts of Figures 1 and 2 are designated by the same reference numerals.
  • the helix is again at a voltage of more than 2500 v.
  • Apparatus for amplifying centimetre waves comprising first and second traveling wave tubes each including a helix and means to direct an electron beam along the axis of the helix, the helix in the first tube having a length corresponding to a relatively great number of wavelengths, the helix in the second tube having a length corresponding the helix in the second tube, means coupled to the input of the helix in the first tube for inserting an input signal thereat, and means coupled to the output of the helix in the second tube for deriving output signals therefrom corresponding to the input signal.
  • Apparatus for amplifying centimetre waves comprising first and second traveling wave tubes each including a helix, a pair of annular terminals connected to the ends of the helix, a collector electrode and means to direct an electron beam along the axis of the helix toward said electrode, the helix in the first tube having a length corresponding to a relatively great number of wavelengths, the helix in the second tube having a length corresponding to a relatively small number of Wavelengths, said numbers being at least in a two to one ratio, said greater number being at least 30 and said smaller number being at most 15, a first wave guide coupling the output terminal of the helix in the first tube with the input terminal of the helix in the second tube, a second wave guide coupled to the input of the helix in the first tube to insert an input signal thereat, and a third wave guide coupled to the output of the helix in the second tube to derive an output signal therefrom corresponding to the input signal.

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  • Microwave Amplifiers (AREA)
US2733305D 1948-09-30 Diemer Expired - Lifetime US2733305A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL678723X 1948-09-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2733305A true US2733305A (en) 1956-01-31

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ID=19802367

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US2733305D Expired - Lifetime US2733305A (en) 1948-09-30 Diemer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2733305A (de)
DE (1) DE807963C (de)
FR (1) FR996350A (de)
GB (1) GB678723A (de)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2808470A (en) * 1954-05-18 1957-10-01 Rca Corp Electron discharge device structures and circuitry therefor
US2849642A (en) * 1953-06-17 1958-08-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave amplifier
US2888649A (en) * 1956-01-31 1959-05-26 Raytheon Mfg Co Traveling wave tube system
US2970242A (en) * 1956-03-30 1961-01-31 Varian Associates High frequency electron tube apparatus
US2985793A (en) * 1955-04-06 1961-05-23 Hughes Aircraft Co Traveling-wave tube
US3039089A (en) * 1958-01-27 1962-06-12 Temco Electronics & Missiles C Radar system
US3050657A (en) * 1955-01-12 1962-08-21 Gen Electric Slow wave structures
US3084293A (en) * 1959-04-01 1963-04-02 Hughes Aircraft Co Microwave amplifier
US3119045A (en) * 1961-01-03 1964-01-21 Rca Corp Electron beam tube with longitudinally partitioned drift tube
US3209272A (en) * 1953-07-29 1965-09-28 John T Mendel Wide band traveling wave tube amplifier apparatus
US3293482A (en) * 1962-06-21 1966-12-20 Rca Corp Plural output traveling wave tube
US3366885A (en) * 1963-12-04 1968-01-30 Microwave Ass Switching system comprising low gain, electron beam coupled helices

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE972492C (de) * 1953-12-22 1959-07-30 Siemens Ag Anordnung zur Anpassung des Eingangs und/oder Ausgangs einer Elektronenroehre fuer sehr kurze Wellen an eine Hohlleitung

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2200986A (en) * 1937-07-14 1940-05-14 Gen Electric Modulation system
US2300052A (en) * 1940-05-04 1942-10-27 Rca Corp Electron discharge device system
US2367295A (en) * 1940-05-17 1945-01-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2511407A (en) * 1947-01-09 1950-06-13 Csf Amplifying valve of the progressive wave type
US2516944A (en) * 1947-12-18 1950-08-01 Philco Corp Impedance-matching device
US2531972A (en) * 1949-02-12 1950-11-28 Csf Ultra short wave transmitting tube
US2541843A (en) * 1947-07-18 1951-02-13 Philco Corp Electronic tube of the traveling wave type
US2578434A (en) * 1947-06-25 1951-12-11 Rca Corp High-frequency electron discharge device of the traveling wave type
US2584597A (en) * 1949-01-26 1952-02-05 Sylvania Electric Prod Traveling wave tube
US2584308A (en) * 1947-07-18 1952-02-05 Philco Corp Electronic tube of the traveling wave type
US2603764A (en) * 1939-06-15 1952-07-15 Int Standard Electric Corp Centimeter wave velocity modulated electron discharge device
US2636948A (en) * 1946-01-11 1953-04-28 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High-frequency amplifier
US2640112A (en) * 1947-12-31 1953-05-26 Int Standard Electric Corp Ultrahigh-frequency electron tube

Patent Citations (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2200962A (en) * 1937-07-14 1940-05-14 Gen Electric Ultra short wave device
US2200986A (en) * 1937-07-14 1940-05-14 Gen Electric Modulation system
US2603764A (en) * 1939-06-15 1952-07-15 Int Standard Electric Corp Centimeter wave velocity modulated electron discharge device
US2300052A (en) * 1940-05-04 1942-10-27 Rca Corp Electron discharge device system
US2367295A (en) * 1940-05-17 1945-01-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge device
US2636948A (en) * 1946-01-11 1953-04-28 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High-frequency amplifier
US2511407A (en) * 1947-01-09 1950-06-13 Csf Amplifying valve of the progressive wave type
US2578434A (en) * 1947-06-25 1951-12-11 Rca Corp High-frequency electron discharge device of the traveling wave type
US2541843A (en) * 1947-07-18 1951-02-13 Philco Corp Electronic tube of the traveling wave type
US2584308A (en) * 1947-07-18 1952-02-05 Philco Corp Electronic tube of the traveling wave type
US2516944A (en) * 1947-12-18 1950-08-01 Philco Corp Impedance-matching device
US2640112A (en) * 1947-12-31 1953-05-26 Int Standard Electric Corp Ultrahigh-frequency electron tube
US2584597A (en) * 1949-01-26 1952-02-05 Sylvania Electric Prod Traveling wave tube
US2531972A (en) * 1949-02-12 1950-11-28 Csf Ultra short wave transmitting tube

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2849642A (en) * 1953-06-17 1958-08-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave amplifier
US3209272A (en) * 1953-07-29 1965-09-28 John T Mendel Wide band traveling wave tube amplifier apparatus
US2808470A (en) * 1954-05-18 1957-10-01 Rca Corp Electron discharge device structures and circuitry therefor
US3050657A (en) * 1955-01-12 1962-08-21 Gen Electric Slow wave structures
US2985793A (en) * 1955-04-06 1961-05-23 Hughes Aircraft Co Traveling-wave tube
US2888649A (en) * 1956-01-31 1959-05-26 Raytheon Mfg Co Traveling wave tube system
US2970242A (en) * 1956-03-30 1961-01-31 Varian Associates High frequency electron tube apparatus
US3039089A (en) * 1958-01-27 1962-06-12 Temco Electronics & Missiles C Radar system
US3084293A (en) * 1959-04-01 1963-04-02 Hughes Aircraft Co Microwave amplifier
US3119045A (en) * 1961-01-03 1964-01-21 Rca Corp Electron beam tube with longitudinally partitioned drift tube
US3293482A (en) * 1962-06-21 1966-12-20 Rca Corp Plural output traveling wave tube
US3366885A (en) * 1963-12-04 1968-01-30 Microwave Ass Switching system comprising low gain, electron beam coupled helices

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR996350A (fr) 1951-12-18
DE807963C (de) 1951-07-09
GB678723A (en) 1952-09-10

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