US2718565A - Fluid pressure operated switches - Google Patents

Fluid pressure operated switches Download PDF

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Publication number
US2718565A
US2718565A US229907A US22990751A US2718565A US 2718565 A US2718565 A US 2718565A US 229907 A US229907 A US 229907A US 22990751 A US22990751 A US 22990751A US 2718565 A US2718565 A US 2718565A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fluid pressure
diaphragm
stud
switch
head
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Expired - Lifetime
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US229907A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ruffle William Harry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SPEED DEV Co Ltd
SPEED DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
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SPEED DEV Co Ltd
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Publication of US2718565A publication Critical patent/US2718565A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/24—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow
    • H01H35/34—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow actuated by diaphragm
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/24—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow

Definitions

  • This invention relates to fluid pressure operated switches of the type in which the switch is operated in response to changes in fluid pressure applied to a flexible diaphragm disposed within a housing or base structure adapted for the reception of means for connecting it to the source of fluid pressure, and carrying a driver member actuated from the diaphragm and having operative engagement with a contact carrying or operating member.
  • a type of switch which embodies many of the features of the present invention is found in Patent 2,571,617.
  • a base structure a fluid pressure receiving compartment, a fluid pressure inlet to said compartment, an imperforated diaphragm sealed completely around its periphery and disposed across said compartment so that only one side thereof is subjected to the direct impact of the fluid pressure from said inlet, a stud co-axial with the diaphragm and slidable through the base structure, a disc-like head on said stud opposed to but free of said diaphragm so as to be engaged by the diaphragm when the latter is deformed by the fluid pressure so as to urge the stud in the direction of deformation of the diaphragm, a very shallow compartment accommodating said disc-like head with a very narrow clearance from the periphery of said head opening into and concentric with and very narrowly axially spaced from the said fluid pressure receiving compartment so that the said head and the ambient part of the wall of the fluid pressure receiving compartment only permit of a very limited deformation of the diaphragm irrespective of the head of fluid pressure
  • the said neutralising means is applied as a permanent load in the form of a counterweight, but it is found that in some fields of use the switch must respond accurately to a predetermined differential of pressure in which the condition obtaining regarding the position of the contacts is required to be kept between two pressure levels.
  • a pressure controller for controlling the pressure in a cabin on an aircraft, for example, it may be important that the pressure be maintained between reliable predetermined limits, e. g., to allow for a maintenance of the switch in the on or off position, according to which is appropriate, when actuated in the manner which will avoid fluctuations with pressure variations of only a small p. s. i.
  • the switch in certain other, or in the foregoing fields of use, it is necessary for the switch to respond accurately to the predetermined pressure or change in pressure and to be capable of withstanding very high pressures without injuring the diaphragm whilst at the same time affording a very highly sensitive form of response in the contact actuating means, and also for the switch to be set to respond to a predetermined one of a wide range of pressures. Also, it is desirable in many fields, e. g.
  • a switch of the class in question to be capable of responding in the predetermined manner irrespective of the attitude or change in physical position of the switch as a whole, and still further to eliminate entirely fluctuation in the operation of the switch whether in the on or off position, whereby there is a positive prompt response of the switch to the predetermined pressure or change in pressure and an equally positive retention of the switch in the desired position.
  • the present invention contemplates a very sensitive switch as in Patent 2,571,617 in which whatever the fluid pressure load the switch will respond accurately at the predetermined point in the load but which, when actuated, will remain set despite thereafter fluctuations of a few pounds per square inch in the fluid pressure operating the switch.
  • a fluid pressure actuated electrical switch incorporates the aforesaid arrangement of very sensitive flexible diaphragm actuated means of the switch shown in Patent 2,571,617 for actuating a switch lever, but instead of using a counterbalance weight with the lever there is provided an electro-magnet and the switch lever is the armature, the switch contacts when engaged connecting the electro-magnet in circuit to energise it and the said lever assuming a position when in the contact closed condition of the switch which is the position in which it is held by the energised electro magnet without adding to the load on the diaphragm, the switch arm being urged off the energised electro-magn'et by the load thereon due to the predetermined change in fluid pressure on the diaphragm.
  • the present invention may also be said to be characterised by the provision with the switch of an electro-magnet which is energised when the switch is in a predetermined set condition, and the combination with the electromagnet, of an armature formed as part of, or carried by, a displaceable switch member or actuating member, so as to give a predetermined restraint to the movement of the armature, and, therefore, to the said actuating switch member, for a part of the cycle of operation of the switch, and spring means yieldingly opposing the operation of the switch by fluid pressure and co-operating with the electro-magnet to assist the restraining load of the electro-magnet for predetermining the fluid pressure load which will actuate the switch to the on or off condition according to the desired mode of the operation of the switch.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional elevation on the line I-I of Figure 3.
  • Figure 2 is a section on the line IIII of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a section on the line III-II1 of Figure 1.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of the switch with the cover cap removed.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagramof the circuit of the switch illustrated in the foregoing figures.
  • Figure 6 is a broken detail sectional elevation, view showing a reverse arrangement of the switch contacts.
  • the switch has a body or base portion constituted by two stout discs 1 and 2' abutted together to grip between them an imperforated flexible diaphragm 3, the lower one of these discs having a concentric boss 1 to form an annular ledge 1a forming an abutment for an annular locking ring 4 threaded on to the lower part of the periphery of a cylindrical housing 5.
  • the said bossed 1 portion of the lower disc 1 has a central bore 6 for connection to the source of fluid pressure and this communicates with a shallow cylindrical compartment 7 exposing the concentric central portion of the diaphragm 3, the upper disc 2 also having a shallow cylindrical compartment 8 in which nests as a very slight loose fit a disc 9 comprising the head of a stud 10 slidable through a concentric centre bore 11 of the upper disc 2, the axial dimension of the compartment 8 being such that the displacement of the stud 10 axially is very slight in order to minimise as much as possible deformation of the diaphragm.
  • the periphery of the disc 9 has only the said very slight clearance from the cylindrical wall of the compartment 8 to obviate deformation of the diaphragm over the periphery of the disc. All of these features are found in the switch described in Patent No. 2,571,617.
  • a transverse pivot pin 19 is passed and engaged in the depending side lugs 20 of a shallow inverted rectangular U-shaped bridge 20 secured to the disc 2 by screws 20a; this pivot pin constitutes the fulcrum of the lever arm 15, and the end of this arm adjacent the fulcrum constitutes a soft iron armature 15a disposed opposite the lower part of an electro-magnet 21 which can be of the simple twin coil type or horseshoe type, the top of the housing 5 having fitted centrally therein a three-pin plug 22 from the socket portion of which leads a, b and c are taken for the contacts 16 and 17 and the electro-magnet respectively.
  • a load L such as e. g. a warning lamp.
  • the two switch contact carrying leaf springs are supported at one end by insulated distance-pieces 32 on a post 33 secured to the base of the switch, and the said lever arm at the stepped end carrying the stud 18 operating between these two leaf springs.
  • an insulated pillar 37 is fixed to the disc 2 to restrict downward movement of the spring 17, and a variant of this insulated stud is used to restrict downward movement of the spring 16 in a make type switch.
  • the electro-magnet 21 is supported from an insulating bridge 34 secured to the base disc 2 by posts 35, screws 36 securing the electro-magnet to the bridge 34.
  • the stud 10 has a flange 10 at its upper end to serve as a stop against the disc 2: a perforated disc 38 protects the diaphragm against excessive deformation due to suction.
  • the electro-magnet 21 will be energised when the contacts of the two leaf spring members are engaged and the desired circuit, e. g. a warning signal circuit, is closed.
  • the electro-magnet 21 can be maintained de-energised until a predetermined rise in fluid pressure acting on the diaphragm 3 is reached to give a warning or operate a motor controller, pressurerelief valve or other suitable load.
  • the adjustment of the spring 25 may be varied by raising or lowering the plate 24, and the differential control may be varied by raising or lowering the platform 34 and also by varying the value of the resistance 31, e. g. by pre-selecting a resistor 31 of the desired value.
  • a fluid pressure operated switch sensitive to and adapted to respond to a very slight change in a predetermined fluid pressure and to be maintained in the on or off position during the continuance of said change in fluid pressure, comprising a base structure, a fluid pressure receiving compartment, a fluid pressure inlet to said compartment, an imperforated diaphragm sealed completely around its periphery and disposed across said compartment so that only one side thereof is subjected to the direct impact of the fluid pressure from said inlet, a stud co-axial with the diaphragm and slidable through the base structure, a disc-like head on said stud opposed to but free of said diaphragm so as to be engaged by the diaphragm when the latter is deformed by the fluid pressure so as to urge the stud in the direction of deformation of the diaphragm, a very shallow compartment accommodating said disc-like head with a very narrow clearance from the periphery of said head opening into and concentric with and very narrowly axially spaced from the said fluid pressure receiving compartment so
  • A, fluid pressure operated switch comprising a base structure, a fluid pressure receiving compartment, 21 fluid pressure inlet to said compartment, an imperforated diaphragm sealed completely around its periphery and disposed across said compartment sothat only one side thereof is subjected to the direct impact of the fluid pres sure from said inlet, a stud co-axial with the diaphragm and slidable through the base structure, a disc-like head on said stud opposed to but free of said diaphragm so as to be engaged by the diaphragm when the latter is deformed by the fluid pressure so as to urge the stud in the direction of deformation of the diaphragm, a very shalloweompartment accommodating said disc-like head with a very narrow clearance from the periphery of said head opening into and concentric with and very narrowly axially spaced from the said fluid pressure receiving compartment so that the said head and the ambient part of the wall of the fluid pressure receiving compartment only permit of a very limited deformation of the diaphragm
  • a fluid pressure operated switch comprising a base structure, a fluid pressure receiving compartment, a fluid pressure inlet to said compartment, an imperforated diaphragm sealed completely around its periphery and disposed across said compartment so that only one side thereof is subjected to the direct impact of the fluid pressure from said inlet, a stud co-axial with the diaphragm and slidable through the base structure, a disclike head on said stud opposed to but free of said diaphragm so as to be engaged by the diaphragm when the latter is deformed by the fluid pressure so as to urge to stud in the direction of deformation of the diaphragm, a very shallow compartment accommodating said disclike head with a very narrow clearance from the periphery of said head opening into and concentric with and very narrowly axially spaced from the said fluid pressure receiving compartment so that the said head and the ambient part of the wall of the fluid pressure receiving compartment only permit of a very limited deformation of the diaphragm irrespective of the head of fluid pressure, an
  • a fluid pressure operated switch comprising a base structure, a fluid pressure receiving compartment, a fluid pressure inlet to said compartment, an imperforated diaphragm sealed completely around its periphery and disposed across said compartment so that only one side thereof is subjected to the direct impact of the fluid pressure from said inlet, a stud co-axial-with the diaphragm and slidable through the base structure, a disc-like headon said stud opposed to but free of said diaphragm so as to be engaged by the diaphragm when the latter is deformed by the fluid pressure so as to urge the stud in the direction of deformation of the diaphragm, a very shallow compartment accommodating said disc-like head With a very narrow clearance from the periphery of said head opening into and concentric with and very narrowly axially spaced from the said fluid pressure receiving compartment so that the said head and the ambient part of the wall of the fluid pressure receiving compartment only permit of a very limited deformation of the.
  • a fluid pressure operated switch comprising a base structure, a fluid pressure receiving compartment, a fluid pressure inlet to said compartment, an imperforated diaphragm sealed completely around its periphery and disposed across said compartment so that only one side thereof is subjected to the direct impact of the fluid pressure from said inlet, a stud co-aXial with the diaphragm and slidable through the base structure, a disclike head on said stud opposed to but free of said diaphragm so as to be engaged by the diaphragm when the latter is deformed by the fluid pressure so as to urge the stud in the direction of deformation of the diaphragm, a very shallow compartment accommodating said disclike head with a very narrow clearance from the periphery of said head opening into and concentric with and very narrowly axially spaced from the said fluid pressure receiving compartment so that the said head and the ambient part of the wall of the fluid pressure receiving compartment only permit of a very limited deformation of the diaphragm irrespective of the head of fluid
  • a fluid pressure operated switch comprising a base structure, a fluid pressure receiving compartment, a fluid pressure inlet to said compartment, an imperforated diaphragm sealed completely around its periphery and disposed across said compartment so that only one side thereof is subjected to the direct impact of the fluid pressure from said inlet, a stud co-axial with the diaphragm and slidable through the base structure, a disc-like head on said stud opposed to but free of said diaphragm so as to be engaged by the diaphragm when the latter is deformed by the fluid pressure so as to urge the stud in the direction of deformation of the diaphragm, a very shallow compartment accommodating said disc-like head with a very narrow clearance from the periphery of said head opening into and concentric with and very narrowly axially spaced from the said fluid pressure receiving compartment so that the said head and the ambient part of the wall of the fluid pressure receiving compartment only permit of a very limited deformation of the diaphragm irrespective of the head of fluid pressure
  • a fluid pressure operated switch comprising a base structure, a fluid pressure receiving compartment, a fluid pressure inlet to said compartment, an irnperforated diaphragm sealed completely around its periphery and disposed across said compartment so that only one side thereof is subjected to the direct impact of the fluid pressure from said inlet, a stud co-axial with the diaphragm and slidable through the base structure, a disclike head on said stud opposed to but free of said diaphragm so as to be engaged by the diaphragm when the latter is deformed by the fluid pressure so as to urge the stud in the direction of deformation of the diaphragm, a very shallow compartment accommodating said disclike head with a very narrow clearance from the periphery of said head opening into and concentric with and very narrowly axially spaced from the said fluid pressure receiving compartment so that the said head and the ambient part of the wall of the fluid pressure receiving compartment only permit of a very limited deformation of the diaphragm irrespective of the head of fluid

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Switches Operated By Changes In Physical Conditions (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
US229907A 1950-06-14 1951-06-05 Fluid pressure operated switches Expired - Lifetime US2718565A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB14878/50A GB706770A (en) 1950-06-14 1950-06-14 Improvements in fluid pressure operated electric switches

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2718565A true US2718565A (en) 1955-09-20

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US229907A Expired - Lifetime US2718565A (en) 1950-06-14 1951-06-05 Fluid pressure operated switches

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2718565A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE893984C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR1038285A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB706770A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
NL (2) NL161721B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2807686A (en) * 1955-01-03 1957-09-24 Robert B Clendenin Automatic control switch
US2990780A (en) * 1959-02-16 1961-07-04 Robertshaw Fulton Controls Co Control for fluid system
US3056004A (en) * 1959-08-10 1962-09-25 Allen V C Davis Sensitive pressure switch
US3103219A (en) * 1961-07-27 1963-09-10 Richard T Chadner Sleep inducing heating pad
CN114188181A (zh) * 2022-02-17 2022-03-15 成都凯天电子股份有限公司 一种用于飞机废水系统的高度开关

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1099227A (fr) * 1953-04-27 1955-08-31 Olaer Patent Co Perfectionnements aux appareils permettant de contrôler un appareillage électrique par la pression d'un fluide
DE3109453C2 (de) * 1980-04-01 1985-11-14 Fa. Andreas Maier, 7012 Fellbach "Drucksteuergerät"
JPS5959439U (ja) * 1982-10-12 1984-04-18 三菱電機株式会社 ダイアフラム装置
DE3731661A1 (de) * 1987-09-20 1989-03-30 Sempell Rhein Armaturen Einrichtung zur beeinflussung des rueckschaltwertes eines ventiles oder eines druckschalters

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1214920A (en) * 1914-02-16 1917-02-06 New Jersey Patent Co Electric switch.
US1827103A (en) * 1929-01-28 1931-10-13 Penn Electric Switch Co Differential widening means
US2310138A (en) * 1941-10-23 1943-02-02 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Electrical switching apparatus
US2571617A (en) * 1948-07-30 1951-10-16 Speed Dev Company Ltd Fluid pressure operated switch

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE164687C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) *

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1214920A (en) * 1914-02-16 1917-02-06 New Jersey Patent Co Electric switch.
US1827103A (en) * 1929-01-28 1931-10-13 Penn Electric Switch Co Differential widening means
US2310138A (en) * 1941-10-23 1943-02-02 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Electrical switching apparatus
US2571617A (en) * 1948-07-30 1951-10-16 Speed Dev Company Ltd Fluid pressure operated switch

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2807686A (en) * 1955-01-03 1957-09-24 Robert B Clendenin Automatic control switch
US2990780A (en) * 1959-02-16 1961-07-04 Robertshaw Fulton Controls Co Control for fluid system
US3056004A (en) * 1959-08-10 1962-09-25 Allen V C Davis Sensitive pressure switch
US3103219A (en) * 1961-07-27 1963-09-10 Richard T Chadner Sleep inducing heating pad
CN114188181A (zh) * 2022-02-17 2022-03-15 成都凯天电子股份有限公司 一种用于飞机废水系统的高度开关
CN114188181B (zh) * 2022-02-17 2022-05-24 成都凯天电子股份有限公司 一种用于飞机废水系统的高度开关

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL161721B (nl)
GB706770A (en) 1954-04-07
FR1038285A (fr) 1953-09-28
DE893984C (de) 1953-10-22
NL76975C (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

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