Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
  • C06B23/009—Wetting agents, hydrophobing agents, dehydrating agents, antistatic additives, viscosity improvers, antiagglomerating agents, grinding agents and other additives for working up
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
  • C06B23/001—Fillers, gelling and thickening agents (e.g. fibres), absorbents for nitroglycerine
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
  • C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
  • C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
  • C06B31/38—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the nitrated compound being an aromatic
  • C06B31/40—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the nitrated compound being an aromatic with an organic non-explosive or an organic non-thermic component
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
  • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
  • C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
  • C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
  • C06B31/32—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound
  • C06B31/44—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitroglycerine
  • C06B31/48—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitroglycerine with other explosive or thermic component

Definitions

• the present invention is concerned with improvements in or relating to gelatine blasting explosives containing a major proportion of crystalline salts and if desired other solid ingredients distributed through a lesser proportion of a viscous solution or jelly of nitrocellulose in a solvent comprising at least one explosive liquid nitric ester and more especially atleast one explosive liquid nitric ester and an aromatic nitro compound.
• nitroglycerine is one of the most expensive constituents in gelatine blasting explosives, whenever the blasting performance of the explosive permits, it is the practice to include a high proportion of crystalline salts, especially ammonium nitrate or other power producing salts in the composition, and other salts such as flamequenching salts, oxidising salts, and plant tissue materials are frequently present also, but the extent to which the proportion of the nitroglycerine in the explosive composition can be minimised has hitherto been limited in practice more by the difiiculty of maintaining a suitably plastic consistency sufficient for the extrusion of the composition for cartridging purposes than by the diminution in sensitiveness to initiation of the explosive, and obviously the higher the proportion of the salts and other solid ingredients the more important it is to maintain sufiicient plasticity to enable the explosive to be extruded. To a certain extent economy in nitroglycerine can also be effected by partially replacing it by a liquid aromatic nitro compound, in particular a liquid nitrotol
• the amount of the aforesaid compound of polyethylene glycol ether structure used is stated to be from 0.02 to 0.5% of the weight of the whole composition.
• the said para-tertiary-octyl-aryl group is preferably a para-tertiary-octyl-phenyl group or nuclearly substituted alkyl derivative thereof, preferably a methyl derivative.
• para-tertiary-octyl-aryl dialkyl esters of phosphoric acid effective for the purposes of the invention include Para-tertiary-octyl-phenyl (ii-methyl phosphate Para-tertiary-octyl-phenyl di-ethyl phosphate Para-tertiary-octyl-phenyl di-n-propyl phosphate
• the amount of the aforesaid tri ester of phosphoric acid employed may advantageously be in practice from 0.15 to 0.5% of the Weight of the whole explosive cornposition.
• esters of phosphoric acid are powerful surface active agents and it is found that by their use the percentage of nitroglycerine in the explosive composition may be quite substantially reduced even when a nitroaromatic compound is present in the liquid explosive solvent for the nitrocellulose without adversely affecting the extrudability of the composition.
• ester of phosphoric acid may be conveniently added to the aromatic nitro compound and the latter may then be dissolved in the nitroglycerine whereupon the nitrocell lose may be mixed with the resulting explosive liquid an the remainder of the ingredients introduced in known manner.
• the required surface active tri active esters of phosphoric acid may be obtained from para-tertiary-octyl-aryl phosphoryl dichloride by reaction with a monohydric aliphatic alcohol in a quantity sufficient to react with both chlorine atoms or vwth a quantity sufficient to react with one chlorine atom and thereafter with another of said alcohols in a quantity sufiicient to react with the other chlorine atom.
• Example 1 of this application sets forth a paratertiary-octyl-phenoxy-phosphoryl dichloride and indicates that the same has a boiling point of 142 C. at 0.8 mm. pressure and a boiling point of 190-192 C. at 10 mm. pressure.
• the reaction is preferably carried out in the absence of moisture at raised temperature and results in the evolution of hydrogen chloride. In some cases better yields are obtained by effecting the reaction in presence of a tertiary nitrogen base as an acceptor for hydrogen chloride at ordinary or only slightly raised temperatures. Pyridine may be used for this purpose.
• the aromatic nitro compound may be, for example, orthonitrotoluene or a mixture of nitrotoluenes or dinitrotoluenes that Will not crystallise out from solution in the liquid explosive nitric ester, for example a dinitrotoluene oil.
• the liquid explosive nitric ester may if desired include in admixture with trinitroglycerol other liquid explosive nitric esters, for example, ethylene glycol dinitrate, as is commonly the case in the manufacture of low-freezing explosives.
• Example 1 0.20 part para-tertiary-octylphenyl di-ethyl phosphate are mixed with 3 parts ortho-nitrotoluene and the resulting liquid is dissolved in 21 parts of a nitrated mixture of glycerol and ethylene glycol in the proportions 80-20. 1.1 parts of nitrocellulose are mixed with the resulting liquid and when gelatinisation is substantially completed there is incorporated a mixture of the following ingredients in known manner:
• the ingredients are mixed in a McRoberts mixer.
• the product is a gelatine explosive that can be extruded satisfactorily through an ordinary cartridging machine as used for cartridging explosives.
• Example 2 The para-tertiary-octyl-phenyl di-ethyl phosphate included in the composition produced in accordance with Example 1 is replaced by 0.2 part of para-tertiary-octyh phenyl-di-isopropyl phosphate.
• the resulting composition has the same plastic and extrusion properties as the composition of Example 1.
• the explosive compositions of Examples 1 and 2 also have substantially the same consistency and the same sensitivity to initiation and capability for transmitting their initiation with cartridges separated in file (as determined by a double cartridge test) as the following composition free from phosphoric esters and containing 30 parts of a liquid mixture consisting of 26 parts of a nitrated mixture of glycerine and ethylene glycol in the ratio of :20 and 4 parts ortho-nitrotoluene.
• the nitrocellulose used in Examples 1 and 2 is the variety known as blasting soluble nitrocellulose which is the product of nitration of purified cotton cops by the pot process to a nitrogen content of 11.95 to 12.2%.
• the product is at least soluble in ether alcohol solution and has a viscosity of l00-1300 CGS. units in solution of 3 grams in millilitres acetone (95% at 20 C).
• a method for the production of blasting explosives of the kind comprising a preponderating proportion of freely water-soluble inorganic nitrates distributed in a lesser proportion of a viscous solution of nitrocellulose in a solvent comprising a liquid explosive nitric ester which comprises forming a mixture of said freely water-soluble inorganic nitrates and said viscous solution in the presence of tri-ester of ortho-phosphoric acid having the general formula:
• R and R1 are alkyl radicals containing up to 12 carbon atoms and R2 is a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl radicals.
• a method as claimed in claim 2 wherein the aromatic nitro compound is ortho-nitrotoluene.
• R2 is an alkyl radical
• Blasting explosives of the kind comprising a preponderating proportion of freely Water-soluble inorganic nitrates distributed in a lesser proportion of a viscous solution of nitrocellulose in a solvent comprising a liquid explosive nitric ester which explosives include a tri-ester of ortho-phosphoric acid having the general formula:

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Inks, Pencil-Leads, Or Crayons (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Jellies, Jams, And Syrups (AREA)
• Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
• Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=10040022

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (1)

Citations (1)

• 0
  • BE BE512162D patent/BE512162A/xx unknown
  • NL NL79962D patent/NL79962C/xx active
  • NL NL7209610.A patent/NL168374B/xx unknown
• 1951
  • 1951-06-18 GB GB14372/51A patent/GB713758A/en not_active Expired
• 1952
  • 1952-03-17 US US277058A patent/US2716056A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1952-04-08 ES ES0202886A patent/ES202886A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1952-05-21 CH CH307001D patent/CH307001A/de unknown

Patent Citations (1)

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