US1999828A - Nitrated polyhydric alcohol emulsion and process of producing - Google Patents
Nitrated polyhydric alcohol emulsion and process of producing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1999828A US1999828A US644690A US64469032A US1999828A US 1999828 A US1999828 A US 1999828A US 644690 A US644690 A US 644690A US 64469032 A US64469032 A US 64469032A US 1999828 A US1999828 A US 1999828A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- water
- polyhydric alcohol
- nitrated polyhydric
- nitrated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title description 31
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 title description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroglycerin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000006 Nitroglycerin Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229960003711 glyceryl trinitrate Drugs 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- UQXKXGWGFRWILX-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol dinitrate Chemical compound O=N(=O)OCCON(=O)=O UQXKXGWGFRWILX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108010053481 Antifreeze Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- AGUIVNYEYSCPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-picrylnitramine Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)N(C)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O AGUIVNYEYSCPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C203/00—Esters of nitric or nitrous acid
- C07C203/02—Esters of nitric acid
- C07C203/04—Esters of nitric acid having nitrate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/10—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitroglycerine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/18—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition
- C06B25/24—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition with nitroglycerine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C201/00—Preparation of esters of nitric or nitrous acid or of compounds containing nitro or nitroso groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C201/02—Preparation of esters of nitric acid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C203/00—Esters of nitric or nitrous acid
- C07C203/02—Esters of nitric acid
- C07C203/04—Esters of nitric acid having nitrate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C203/06—Glycerol trinitrate
Definitions
- This invention relates to a nitrated polyhydric alcohol emulsion and process of producing.
- the emulsion in accordance with this invention, comprises a stable emulsion of a nitrated polyhydric alcohol in an aqueous solution of a water-soluble carbohydrate ether.
- the emulsion, in accordance with this invention may be used as such an explosive for various blasting requirements, or it may be otherwise variously used, as, for example, for treating nitrocellulose gunpowder for the production of a double base powder.
- the sensitivity of the finished emulsion may be controlled within wide limits through regulation of the amount of water-soluble carbohydrate ether and/orwater included, Likewise the consistency of the finished emulsion may be controlled within wide limits, as from high viscosity to a semisolid, through regulation of the amount of nitrated polyhydric al cohol and/or water-soluble carbohydrate ether included in the composition.
- the emulsion may comprise as the nitrated polyhydric alcohol, for example, nitroglycerin, a nitroglycol, a nitropolyglycol, etc., or mixtures thereof.
- the water-soluble carbohydrate ether may, for example, be methyl cellulose, a low substituted water-soluble ethyl cellulose, a water-soluble glycol cellulose, etc., etc.
- the carbo hydrate ether will, preferably, be dissolved in water and the nitrated polyhydric alcoholadded gradually in small portions with vigorous agitation.
- the amount of nitrated polyhydric alcohol and of carbohydrate ether, and the relative proportions thereof, may vary widely and are not essential.
- the water-soluble carbohydrate ether will desirably be used in amount within, say, the range 3-10 parts in, say, 97-90 parts of water.
- the nitrated polyhydric alcohol will desirably be present in amount within, say, about the range 50%-95% of the finished emul-
- 5 parts of methyl cellulose are dissolved in parts of hot water and the solution is allowed to cool.
- 15 parts of the methyl cellulose solution are added 85 parts of nitroglycerin, the nitroglycerin being added in portions amounting to, say, about one part each and with vigorous agitation to eifect emulsification.
- the product which will contain 85% of nitroglycerin, will be highly viscous; will be relatively insensitive to shock, and will be adaptable for transportation with relative safety and for use, for example, as an explosive in shooting oil wells, underwater blasting, etc. 5
- compositions containing respectively, 66% and 75% nitroglycerin emulsified in a 6% methyl cellulose solution will not be detonated by a cm. drop in the stand- 10 ard impact test.
- nitroglycerin will be detonated consistently by a 5 cm. drop and tetryl will be detonated by a 75 cm. drop.
- the emulsion in accordance with this invention may be rendered resistant to freezing, or 15 in other words, the emulsion may be rendered stable at low temperature, by the addition of an anti-freeze, as, for example, sugar, glycerin, glycol, or the like, to the water used in making the emulsion.
- an antifreeze as, for example, sugar, 20 may be added in any suitable amount, as, for example, in amount within say the range 5%-50%.
- the emulsion is very stable chemically and resistant to the action of alkalis, acids, bacteria, 30 molds, etc. Superiority appears over soap which is alkaline and would afiect the nitroglycerin; over an acid emulsifying agent which would tend to cause decomposition of the nitroglycerin, and overgelatin which has a tendency to cause mold. 35
- a double base powder may be produced through 40 surface treatment, by thoroughly mixing finely ground nitrocellulose powder with the emulsion described, allowing the mixture to stand and finally spreading out on trays anddrying in the ordinary smokeless powder dry house.
- the water will gradually evaporate from the emulsion, leaving on the surface of the grains of powder the nitroglycerin which will gradually penetrate the grains and come to an equilibrium through- 50 out the grains.
- the relatively small amount of nitroglycerin left on the surface of the grains will be too small to exert any appreciable effect on the ballistics of the double base powder so produced.
- An emulsion comprising a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol, water and a water-soluble carbohydrate ether.
- An emulsion comprising a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol from about 50% to about 95%, water and a water-soluble carbohydrate ether from about 0.1% to about 5%.
- An emulsion comprising a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol, water and methyl cellulose.
- An emulsion comprising nitroglycerin, water and a water-soluble carbohydrate ether.
- An emulsion comprising nitroglycerin, water and methyl cellulose.
- the method of emulsifying a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol which includes forming an aqueous solution of a water-soluble carbohydrate ether and adding a nitrated polyhydric alcohol to the said solution while agitating the solution.
- the method of emulsifying a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol which includes forming an aqueous solution of a water-soluble carbohydrate emulsion of a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol in an aqueous solution of a water-soluble carbohydrate ether with grains of nitrocellulose powder to eflfect a coating of the grains with the emulsion and drying the powder grains.
- An emulsion comprising a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol, water, an antifreeze and a water-soluble carbohydrate ether.
- An emulsion comprising a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol, water, sugar and a watersoluble carbohydrate ether.
- the method of emulsifying a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol which includes forming an aqueous solution of a water-soluble carbohydrate ether, and an antifreeze and adding a nitrated polyhydric alcohol to the said solution while agitating the solution.
- An emulsion comprising a nitroglycol and a water-soluble carbohydrate ether.
- An emulsion comprising a nitroglycol,-'
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
Patented Apr. 30, 1935 NITRATED POLYHYDRIC ALCOHOL EMUL- SION AND PROCESS OF PRODUCING David R. Wiggam, Centerville, Del., assignor to Hercules Powder Company, Wilmington, DeL, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing.
Application November 28, 1932,
Serial N 0. 644,690
18 Claims.
This invention relates to a nitrated polyhydric alcohol emulsion and process of producing.
' Primarily the emulsion, in accordance with this invention, comprises a stable emulsion of a nitrated polyhydric alcohol in an aqueous solution of a water-soluble carbohydrate ether. The emulsion, in accordance with this invention, may be used as such an explosive for various blasting requirements, or it may be otherwise variously used, as, for example, for treating nitrocellulose gunpowder for the production of a double base powder.
In the preparation of the emulsion, in accordance with this invention, the sensitivity of the finished emulsion may be controlled within wide limits through regulation of the amount of water-soluble carbohydrate ether and/orwater included, Likewise the consistency of the finished emulsion may be controlled within wide limits, as from high viscosity to a semisolid, through regulation of the amount of nitrated polyhydric al cohol and/or water-soluble carbohydrate ether included in the composition.
As illustrative, the emulsion may comprise as the nitrated polyhydric alcohol, for example, nitroglycerin, a nitroglycol, a nitropolyglycol, etc., or mixtures thereof. The water-soluble carbohydrate ether may, for example, be methyl cellulose, a low substituted water-soluble ethyl cellulose, a water-soluble glycol cellulose, etc., etc.
In the preparation of the emulsion, the carbo hydrate ether will, preferably, be dissolved in water and the nitrated polyhydric alcoholadded gradually in small portions with vigorous agitation. The amount of nitrated polyhydric alcohol and of carbohydrate ether, and the relative proportions thereof, may vary widely and are not essential. However, the water-soluble carbohydrate ether will desirably be used in amount within, say, the range 3-10 parts in, say, 97-90 parts of water. The nitrated polyhydric alcohol will desirably be present in amount within, say, about the range 50%-95% of the finished emul- As illustrative of practical procedure, in accordance with this invention, for providing an emulsion embodying this invention, for example, 5 parts of methyl cellulose are dissolved in parts of hot water and the solution is allowed to cool. Then to 15 parts of the methyl cellulose solution are added 85 parts of nitroglycerin, the nitroglycerin being added in portions amounting to, say, about one part each and with vigorous agitation to eifect emulsification.
The product, which will contain 85% of nitroglycerin, will be highly viscous; will be relatively insensitive to shock, and will be adaptable for transportation with relative safety and for use, for example, as an explosive in shooting oil wells, underwater blasting, etc. 5
As more specifically illustrative of the safety of the emulsion, for example, compositions containing respectively, 66% and 75% nitroglycerin emulsified in a 6% methyl cellulose solution will not be detonated by a cm. drop in the stand- 10 ard impact test. By comparison nitroglycerin will be detonated consistently by a 5 cm. drop and tetryl will be detonated by a 75 cm. drop.
The emulsion in accordance with this invention may be rendered resistant to freezing, or 15 in other words, the emulsion may be rendered stable at low temperature, by the addition of an anti-freeze, as, for example, sugar, glycerin, glycol, or the like, to the water used in making the emulsion. An antifreeze, as, for example, sugar, 20 may be added in any suitable amount, as, for example, in amount within say the range 5%-50%.
By virtue of the use of a water-soluble carbohydrate ether in preparing the explosive in 25 accordance with this invention, as compared with a substance such as soap, gelatin, and the like, heretofore used in making nitroglycerin colloids, the emulsion is very stable chemically and resistant to the action of alkalis, acids, bacteria, 30 molds, etc. Superiority appears over soap which is alkaline and would afiect the nitroglycerin; over an acid emulsifying agent which would tend to cause decomposition of the nitroglycerin, and overgelatin which has a tendency to cause mold. 35
The emulsion embodying this invention also lends itself, as has been indicated, for use in the treating of nitrocellulose powder for the production of double base powder. Thus, for example, a double base powder may be produced through 40 surface treatment, by thoroughly mixing finely ground nitrocellulose powder with the emulsion described, allowing the mixture to stand and finally spreading out on trays anddrying in the ordinary smokeless powder dry house. The water will gradually evaporate from the emulsion, leaving on the surface of the grains of powder the nitroglycerin which will gradually penetrate the grains and come to an equilibrium through- 50 out the grains. The relatively small amount of nitroglycerin left on the surface of the grains will be too small to exert any appreciable effect on the ballistics of the double base powder so produced.
What I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is:
1. An emulsion comprising a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol, water and a water-soluble carbohydrate ether.
2. An emulsion comprising a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol from about 50% to about 95%, water and a water-soluble carbohydrate ether from about 0.1% to about 5%.
3. An emulsion comprising a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol, water and methyl cellulose.
4. An emulsion comprising nitroglycerin, water and a water-soluble carbohydrate ether.
5. An emulsion comprising nitroglycerin, water and methyl cellulose.
6. The method of emulsifying a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol which includes forming an aqueous solution of a water-soluble carbohydrate ether and adding a nitrated polyhydric alcohol to the said solution while agitating the solution.
7. The method of emulsifying a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol which includes forming an aqueous solution of a water-soluble carbohydrate emulsion of a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol in an aqueous solution of a water-soluble carbohydrate ether with grains of nitrocellulose powder to eflfect a coating of the grains with the emulsion and drying the powder grains.
10. An emulsion comprising a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol, water, an antifreeze and a water-soluble carbohydrate ether.
11. An emulsion comprising a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol, water, sugar and a watersoluble carbohydrate ether.
12. The method of emulsifying a liquid nitrated polyhydric alcohol which includes forming an aqueous solution of a water-soluble carbohydrate ether, and an antifreeze and adding a nitrated polyhydric alcohol to the said solution while agitating the solution.
13. An emulsion comprising a nitroglycol and a water-soluble carbohydrate ether.
14. An emulsion comprising a nitroglycol,-'
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US644690A US1999828A (en) | 1932-11-28 | 1932-11-28 | Nitrated polyhydric alcohol emulsion and process of producing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US644690A US1999828A (en) | 1932-11-28 | 1932-11-28 | Nitrated polyhydric alcohol emulsion and process of producing |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1999828A true US1999828A (en) | 1935-04-30 |
Family
ID=24585954
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US644690A Expired - Lifetime US1999828A (en) | 1932-11-28 | 1932-11-28 | Nitrated polyhydric alcohol emulsion and process of producing |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1999828A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2648698A (en) * | 1949-07-29 | 1953-08-11 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Desensitized liquid explosives |
| US2668102A (en) * | 1951-09-13 | 1954-02-02 | Howard J Fisher | Liquid explosives |
| US3116188A (en) * | 1960-08-03 | 1963-12-31 | Theodore D Austin | Desensitization of liquid explosives |
| US3231437A (en) * | 1961-03-14 | 1966-01-25 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Production of detonatable explosive emulsion preparations |
| US3316132A (en) * | 1964-10-15 | 1967-04-25 | Atlas Chem Ind | Stable explosive composition containing a polyhydric alcohol nitrate and alkali metal salicylate |
| US3542611A (en) * | 1968-04-19 | 1970-11-24 | John Leslie Fanala | Gelled blasting oils and processes |
| US5205983A (en) * | 1974-05-13 | 1993-04-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Energetic plasticizer and improved gas producing charges |
-
1932
- 1932-11-28 US US644690A patent/US1999828A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2648698A (en) * | 1949-07-29 | 1953-08-11 | Hercules Powder Co Ltd | Desensitized liquid explosives |
| US2668102A (en) * | 1951-09-13 | 1954-02-02 | Howard J Fisher | Liquid explosives |
| US3116188A (en) * | 1960-08-03 | 1963-12-31 | Theodore D Austin | Desensitization of liquid explosives |
| US3231437A (en) * | 1961-03-14 | 1966-01-25 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Production of detonatable explosive emulsion preparations |
| US3316132A (en) * | 1964-10-15 | 1967-04-25 | Atlas Chem Ind | Stable explosive composition containing a polyhydric alcohol nitrate and alkali metal salicylate |
| US3542611A (en) * | 1968-04-19 | 1970-11-24 | John Leslie Fanala | Gelled blasting oils and processes |
| US5205983A (en) * | 1974-05-13 | 1993-04-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Energetic plasticizer and improved gas producing charges |
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