US2554180A - Process of manufacturing gelatin blasting explosive - Google Patents

Process of manufacturing gelatin blasting explosive Download PDF

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Publication number
US2554180A
US2554180A US726227A US72622747A US2554180A US 2554180 A US2554180 A US 2554180A US 726227 A US726227 A US 726227A US 72622747 A US72622747 A US 72622747A US 2554180 A US2554180 A US 2554180A
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nitrocellulose
weight
explosive
sodium
wetting agent
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US726227A
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Fordham Stanley
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
    • C06B23/009—Wetting agents, hydrophobing agents, dehydrating agents, antistatic additives, viscosity improvers, antiagglomerating agents, grinding agents and other additives for working up
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
    • C06B25/28—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as less than 10% by weight of the total composition
    • C06B25/30—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being nitrocellulose present as less than 10% by weight of the total composition with nitroglycerine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the manufac- I prising nitrocellulose in solution in one or more liquid explosive nitric esters to render the explosive capable of being cartridged by extrusion.
  • the most powerful of the gelatine blasting explosive compositions known as blasting gelatine, consists of practically undiluted nitroglycerine jelly, and there is also available a series of less powerful explosives which comprise vegetable tissue materials of more or less porous structure and of oxidisable character and oxidising salts, for instance woodmeal and inorganic nitrates distributed through a liquid explosive nitric ester-nitrocellulose jelly.
  • nitrocellulose is frequently used for gelatine blasting explosives and this may contain 30% or more water.
  • nitrocellulose is added in this form to liquid nitric esters there is a tendency to form pips.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing more homogeneous gelatine blasting explosives having wet nitrocellulose incorporated therein than have been produced heretofore.
  • a gelatine blasting explosive containing wet nitrocellulose has a wetting agent distributed through said explosive.
  • the process according to the invention for the production of a gelatine blasting explosive comprises mixing wet nitrocellulose, soluble in nitroglycerine, and one or more liquid explosive nitric esters in the presence of a Wetting agent.
  • any anionic or non-ionic agent may be used which is preferably added to the water of the nitrocellulose if water-soluble or to the liquid explosive nitric ester if water-insoluble.
  • non-ionic agents as for example polyglyceryl ricinoleate may be dissolved in the liquid nitric ester in the preparation of gelatine blasting explosives.
  • an anionic wetting agent as for example sodium dibenzyl sulphanilate or the sodium salt of isopropyl napthalene sulphonic acid to be in solution in the water associated with the nitrocellulose prior to mixing the said nitrocellulose with the liquid explosive nitric ester. The best results have so far been obtained by having in solution up to 5% of a sulphonate wetting agent in the water. associated with the nitrocellulose.
  • the quantity of wettin agent is preferably between 0.2 and 2% calculated on the dry nitrocellulose present.
  • wetting agent is meant to include anionic or non-ionic organic wetting dispersing and emulsifying agents having the property of assisting the wetting of nitrocellulose by water.
  • blastin soluble nitrocellulose used in the following examples is meant, the product obtained by the nitration of purified cotton cops by the pot process to a nitrogen content of 11.95 to 12.15% and which is at least soluble in a mixture of ether and alcohol (66 O. P.) in the proportion by volume of 2:1 and has a viscosity of to 300 c. g. s. units in 100 ml. acetone 95% at 20 C.
  • Example I Blasting soluble nitrocellulose in the course of its manufacture is given a last wash with a 1% aqueous solution of sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate. This is then pressed to a moisture content of 28%. The content of wetting agent is 0.4% calculated on the dry nitrocellulose. After breaking down the lumps the wet nitrocellulose is mixed into a smooth gel with nitroglycerine without such precautions as for example blending with inert material. This smooth el is suitable for use as a base in the manufacture of blasting explosives.
  • Example II Blasting soluble nitrocellulose is given a last wash with a 4% aqueous solution of sodium dibenzyl sulphanilate. This is then centrifuged or pressed to a moisture content of 33%, and the lumps broken down. The content of wetting agent is about 2% calculated on the dry nitrocellulose. The resultant nitrocotton is used in the manufacture of gelatine blasting explosives, as
  • nitrocellulose 1.5 Liquid nitrobody mixture 1: 8 Wood meal- 4.0 Oat husk meal i3. Ammonium nitrate 36.1 Sodium nitrate 19i0 The low-freezing nitroglycerine contains 4 parts nitroglycerine with 1 part ethylene vglycol dinitrate.
  • the nitrocellulose, woodmeal and cat husk meal are placed in a rubber lined box, and the nitroglycerine added. The whole are .a preliminary mixing by hand, and the liquid mitrobody .mixture then added. The jelly thus obtained is allowed to'stand for at least-one hour, and then transierred :to the bowlof a McRober-ts mixer. The stirrers are rotated, the ammonium nitrate and sodium :nitrate added, and the whole mixed for 35 minutes at .20" C.
  • the resultant explosive may he cartridged by extrusion, and is :completely uniform and tree from pips.
  • Example III ithe invention .may .be applied in the manuatacture :of Polar Ammon vGre'lignite .of the .following composition:
  • the wetting agent 'polyg-lyceryl ricinoleate
  • nitrogly-cerine a wetting agent
  • Wood meal a wet nitrocellulose and Wood meal in a rubber lined box.
  • the resultant jelly is allowed .to stand for one hour.
  • the jelly is then mixed -with the ammonium nitrate .and sodium nitrate and extruded, .as in Example II. .
  • the resultant explosive is again uniform and free from pips.
  • a process 'for the production of gelatine blasting explosives which comprises mixing sodium z-isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate in a i Qportion :of 012 to 2% by Weight with one part by weight of wet nitrocellulose and thereafter adding at least.9 parts by weight of at least .one nitric .ester, the weight of sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate being calculated on the basis of the weight of the dry nitrocellulose present.
  • a process for the production of gelatine rblasting explosives which comprises mixin sodium dibenzyl sulphanilate .a proportion of 0.2 to 2% by weight with one part by weight of water wet nitrocellulose and thereafter adding at least .9 .parts :byzweight of at least one liquid nitric :ester, the weight of :sodium d-ibenzyl sulphanila-te being calculated .on .the basis of the weightzof the dry nitrocellulose present.
  • a process for the production at gelatine blasting explosives which comprises mixing polyglyoeryl ricinolea-te :in a proportion of 0.2 to 21% by weight with at least -9 :parts by weight of at least-one liquid-nitric ester, and thereafter adding one part by weight of water wet nitrocellulose, the weight of the polyglyceryl ricinoleate being calculated on the basis of the weight of dry nitrocellulose present.

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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)

Description

Patented May 22, 1951 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING GELATIN BLASTING EXPLOSIVE Stanley Fordham, Saltcoats, Scotland, assignor to Imperial Chemical Industries Limited, a corporation of Great Britain No Drawing. Application February 3, 1947, Se-
rial No. 726,227. 1946 i 4 Claims.
In Great Britain March 14,
The present invention relates to the manufac- I prising nitrocellulose in solution in one or more liquid explosive nitric esters to render the explosive capable of being cartridged by extrusion. The most powerful of the gelatine blasting explosive compositions, known as blasting gelatine, consists of practically undiluted nitroglycerine jelly, and there is also available a series of less powerful explosives which comprise vegetable tissue materials of more or less porous structure and of oxidisable character and oxidising salts, for instance woodmeal and inorganic nitrates distributed through a liquid explosive nitric ester-nitrocellulose jelly.
As is well known wet nitrocellulose is frequently used for gelatine blasting explosives and this may contain 30% or more water. When nitrocellulose is added in this form to liquid nitric esters there is a tendency to form pips.
The object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing more homogeneous gelatine blasting explosives having wet nitrocellulose incorporated therein than have been produced heretofore.
I have now found that the inclusion of a wetting agent amongst the ingredients of the gelatine blasting explosive that contains wet nitrocellulose results in a marked diminution in the occurrence of pips in the final product.
According to the present invention, therefore, a gelatine blasting explosive containing wet nitrocellulose has a wetting agent distributed through said explosive.
The process according to the invention for the production of a gelatine blasting explosive comprises mixing wet nitrocellulose, soluble in nitroglycerine, and one or more liquid explosive nitric esters in the presence of a Wetting agent.
Almost any anionic or non-ionic agent may be used which is preferably added to the water of the nitrocellulose if water-soluble or to the liquid explosive nitric ester if water-insoluble. For instance, non-ionic agents as for example polyglyceryl ricinoleate may be dissolved in the liquid nitric ester in the preparation of gelatine blasting explosives. On the other hand, it is necessary for an anionic wetting agent as for example sodium dibenzyl sulphanilate or the sodium salt of isopropyl napthalene sulphonic acid to be in solution in the water associated with the nitrocellulose prior to mixing the said nitrocellulose with the liquid explosive nitric ester. The best results have so far been obtained by having in solution up to 5% of a sulphonate wetting agent in the water. associated with the nitrocellulose.
In a gelatine blasting explosive according to the inventien the quantity of wettin agent is preferably between 0.2 and 2% calculated on the dry nitrocellulose present.
The term wetting agent is meant to include anionic or non-ionic organic wetting dispersing and emulsifying agents having the property of assisting the wetting of nitrocellulose by water.
It is desirable that the initial mixing of the nitrocellulose and the one or more liquid explosive nitric esters and wetting agents should take place in the absence of any gelatinisation accelerant.
The invention is illustrated by the following examples in which the parts are parts by weight. By the term blastin soluble nitrocellulose used in the following examples is meant, the product obtained by the nitration of purified cotton cops by the pot process to a nitrogen content of 11.95 to 12.15% and which is at least soluble in a mixture of ether and alcohol (66 O. P.) in the proportion by volume of 2:1 and has a viscosity of to 300 c. g. s. units in 100 ml. acetone 95% at 20 C.
Example I Blasting soluble nitrocellulose in the course of its manufacture is given a last wash with a 1% aqueous solution of sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate. This is then pressed to a moisture content of 28%. The content of wetting agent is 0.4% calculated on the dry nitrocellulose. After breaking down the lumps the wet nitrocellulose is mixed into a smooth gel with nitroglycerine without such precautions as for example blending with inert material. This smooth el is suitable for use as a base in the manufacture of blasting explosives.
Example II Blasting soluble nitrocellulose is given a last wash with a 4% aqueous solution of sodium dibenzyl sulphanilate. This is then centrifuged or pressed to a moisture content of 33%, and the lumps broken down. The content of wetting agent is about 2% calculated on the dry nitrocellulose. The resultant nitrocotton is used in the manufacture of gelatine blasting explosives, as
nitrocellulose) 1.5 Liquid nitrobody mixture 1: 8 Wood meal- 4.0 Oat husk meal i3. Ammonium nitrate 36.1 Sodium nitrate 19i0 The low-freezing nitroglycerine contains 4 parts nitroglycerine with 1 part ethylene vglycol dinitrate.
The nitrocellulose, woodmeal and cat husk meal are placed in a rubber lined box, and the nitroglycerine added. The whole are .a preliminary mixing by hand, and the liquid mitrobody .mixture then added. The jelly thus obtained is allowed to'stand for at least-one hour, and then transierred :to the bowlof a McRober-ts mixer. The stirrers are rotated, the ammonium nitrate and sodium :nitrate added, and the whole mixed for 35 minutes at .20" C. The resultant explosive may he cartridged by extrusion, and is :completely uniform and tree from pips.
Example III ithe invention .may .be applied in the manuatacture :of Polar Ammon vGre'lignite .of the .following composition:
The wetting agent, 'polyg-lyceryl ricinoleate, is dissolved in the nitrogly-cerine, which is then added to the wet nitrocellulose and Wood meal in a rubber lined box. After a preliminary mixing by hand, the resultant jelly is allowed .to stand for one hour. The jelly is then mixed -with the ammonium nitrate .and sodium nitrate and extruded, .as in Example II. .The resultant explosive is again uniform and free from pips.
I claim:
1. A process for the production of gelatine 'blas'ting explosives which comprises Lmix'in'g one part by weight of :water =wet nitrocellulose, 0.2 to 2% byweightof a neutral organic wetting agent having the property of assisting the wetting of nitrocellulose by water and selected from the group consisting of sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, sodium dibenzyl sulphanilate, and polyglyceryl .ricinoleate, and at .least .9 parts by weight of at least one liquid .nitric ester, the weight of said neutral organic wetting agent' bemg calculated on the basis of the weight of the dry nitrocellulose present.
2. A process 'for the production of gelatine blasting explosives which comprises mixing sodium z-isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate in a i Qportion :of 012 to 2% by Weight with one part by weight of wet nitrocellulose and thereafter adding at least.9 parts by weight of at least .one nitric .ester, the weight of sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate being calculated on the basis of the weight of the dry nitrocellulose present.
3. A process for the production of gelatine rblasting explosives which comprises mixin sodium dibenzyl sulphanilate .a proportion of 0.2 to 2% by weight with one part by weight of water wet nitrocellulose and thereafter adding at least .9 .parts :byzweight of at least one liquid nitric :ester, the weight of :sodium d-ibenzyl sulphanila-te being calculated .on .the basis of the weightzof the dry nitrocellulose present.
4. A process for the production at gelatine blasting explosives which comprises mixing polyglyoeryl ricinolea-te :in a proportion of 0.2 to 21% by weight with at least -9 :parts by weight of at least-one liquid-nitric ester, and thereafter adding one part by weight of water wet nitrocellulose, the weight of the polyglyceryl ricinoleate being calculated on the basis of the weight of dry nitrocellulose present.
STANLEY FORDHAM.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,956,090 Fassnacht July .10, .1934 2,120,324 Dickerman June 14, 1938 2,121,138 Wiggam June 121., 1938 5 2,131,574 Tapley Sept. .27., 1938 2,235,298 Olsen Mar. 18, 1941 2,454,643 .Fordham Nov. 123, .1948
FOREIGN Number Country Date 28,974. Great Britain of 1911

Claims (1)

1. A PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF GELATINE BLASTING EXPLOSIVE WHICH COMPRISES MIXING ONE PART BY WEIGHT OF WATER WET NITROCELLULOSE, 0.2 TO 2% BY WEIGHT OF A NEUTRAL ORGANIC WETTING AGENT HAVING THE PROPERTY OF ASSISTING THE WETTING OF NITROCELLULOSE BY WATER AND SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF SODIUM ISOPROPYL NAPHTHALENE SULPHONATE, SODIUM DIBENZYL SULPHANILATE, AND POLYGLYCERYL RICINOLEATE, AND AT LEAST 9 PARTS BY WEIGHT OF AT LEAST ONE LIQUID NITRIC ESTER, THE WEIGHT OF SAID NEUTRAL ORGANIC WETTING AGENT BEING CALCULATED ON THE BASIS OF THE WEIGHT OF THE DRY NITROCELLULOSE PRESENT.
US726227A 1946-03-14 1947-02-03 Process of manufacturing gelatin blasting explosive Expired - Lifetime US2554180A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2676877A (en) * 1950-08-18 1954-04-27 Du Pont Gelatinous dynamite composition containing a surface active agent
US2676878A (en) * 1951-01-30 1954-04-27 Du Pont Gelatinized high explosive compositions

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191128974A (en) * 1911-12-22 1912-12-23 Friedrich Raschig New or Improved Explosive and Method of Manufacturing the same.
US1966090A (en) * 1933-07-27 1934-07-10 Du Pont Gelatinized high explosive composition
US2120324A (en) * 1933-09-15 1938-06-14 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Smokeless powder and method of producing
US2121138A (en) * 1937-01-11 1938-06-21 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Method for manufacturing smokeless powder
US2131574A (en) * 1935-11-19 1938-09-27 Du Pont Explosive
US2235298A (en) * 1935-06-10 1941-03-18 Western Cartridge Co Manufacture of smokeless powder
US2454643A (en) * 1944-10-25 1948-11-23 Ici Ltd Gelatine blasting explosive compositions containing water-soluble salts

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB191128974A (en) * 1911-12-22 1912-12-23 Friedrich Raschig New or Improved Explosive and Method of Manufacturing the same.
US1966090A (en) * 1933-07-27 1934-07-10 Du Pont Gelatinized high explosive composition
US2120324A (en) * 1933-09-15 1938-06-14 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Smokeless powder and method of producing
US2235298A (en) * 1935-06-10 1941-03-18 Western Cartridge Co Manufacture of smokeless powder
US2131574A (en) * 1935-11-19 1938-09-27 Du Pont Explosive
US2121138A (en) * 1937-01-11 1938-06-21 Hercules Powder Co Ltd Method for manufacturing smokeless powder
US2454643A (en) * 1944-10-25 1948-11-23 Ici Ltd Gelatine blasting explosive compositions containing water-soluble salts

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2676877A (en) * 1950-08-18 1954-04-27 Du Pont Gelatinous dynamite composition containing a surface active agent
US2676878A (en) * 1951-01-30 1954-04-27 Du Pont Gelatinized high explosive compositions

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