US2707759A - Electronic amplifier - Google Patents

Electronic amplifier Download PDF

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Publication number
US2707759A
US2707759A US64669A US6466948A US2707759A US 2707759 A US2707759 A US 2707759A US 64669 A US64669 A US 64669A US 6466948 A US6466948 A US 6466948A US 2707759 A US2707759 A US 2707759A
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United States
Prior art keywords
helix
wave
electron beam
electron
along
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US64669A
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English (en)
Inventor
John R Pierce
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AT&T Corp
Original Assignee
Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE491242D priority Critical patent/BE491242A/xx
Application filed by Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc filed Critical Bell Telephone Laboratories Inc
Priority to US64669A priority patent/US2707759A/en
Priority to DEP50027D priority patent/DE814490C/de
Priority to FR992048D priority patent/FR992048A/fr
Priority to CH276573D priority patent/CH276573A/de
Priority to GB31668/49A priority patent/GB701034A/en
Priority to US197412A priority patent/US2801361A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2707759A publication Critical patent/US2707759A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/34—Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps
    • H01J25/36—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/38—Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field the forward travelling wave being utilised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/02—Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens
    • H01J23/11—Means for reducing noise

Definitions

  • This invention relates to high frequency electronic amplifiers, particularly those of the traveling wave type in which a relatively long electron beam is projected along an electrical wave transmission circuit in such proximity as to be coupled thereto.
  • the general objective of the invention is to provide improved electron beam type traveling wave amplifiers.
  • a collateral objective is to provide improved focussing of the electron beam in such traveling wave amplifiers.
  • Another objective is to reduce the undesirable noise components in the output signal of such devices.
  • Another object is to provide amplifiers having high current electron beams with the noise reducing feature.
  • Another object is to provide for simple coupling means between amplifier tube elements and the external high frequency transmission circuit.
  • Fig. 1 is a diagram of a traveling wave amplifier tube Ice and circuit somewhat similar to embodiments shown in my previously mentioned copending applications in that a solid electron beam is projected along the axis of a single helix and in that waveguide type external circuits are used.
  • a novel feature is a metallic sleeve forming an electrical shield which surrounds the helix and is maintained at a potential negative with respect to the helix;
  • 1 Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the invention employs ing a single tapered helix along the external surface of which is projected a tubular electron beam.
  • An electrical shield surrounds the electron beam and the helix is directly connected to coaxial external circuits; and
  • Fig. 3 illustrates an embodiment in which two concentric helices directly connected to balanced external cir cuits are employed and a tubular electron beam is projected concentric with and between the two helices which are maintained at different direct-current potentials.
  • Fig. l the evacuated envelope of the amplifier tube which may be of glass or other suitable material is indicated by the designation 1. Within this envelope are tube and circuit elements.
  • the cathode 2 has an emissive coating on the surface 3 which is heated by means of heater 4.
  • the electron beam-forming electrode 6 is shaped and positioned with respect to the cathode to direct the electrons in parallel paths toward the electron collector 19.
  • 7 is an electron accelerating electrode with an associated grid 8.
  • the helix 10 of conducting material provides the high frequency wave transmission path through the tube and is designed so that the phase velocity .of the wave along the axis of the helix is substantially the same as the velocity of the electron beam projected along the axis.
  • Ceramic rods 11 support and position accurately the helix 10 and at the ends are fitted into notches in the metallic collars 13 and 14.
  • the metallic sleeve or shield 12 surrounding the helix 10 between the envelope 1 and the rods 11 is maintained at a potential negative with respect to the potential of the helix to provide a field penetrating into the helix which will tend to focus the electron beam and at the same time pull positive ions out between the turns of the helix to the shield Where they will be collected and neutralized.
  • the collar 13 terminates the input end of the helix 10 and by-passes the electric wave from the input end of the helix to the input wave guide 17.
  • the collar 14 terminates the output end of the helix 10 and by-passes the electric wave from the output end of the helix to the output wave guide 13.
  • the connector 15 between the input end of the helix 10 and the collar 13 couples the input end of the helix to the input wave guide 17.
  • the connector 16 between the output end of the helix 10 and the collar 14 couples the output end of the helix to the output wave guide 18.
  • i9 is an electron collector which terminates the electron beam path.
  • Potential source 5 serves to energize the cathode heater 4 while source 9 provides potential differences between the cathode and electron accelerator 7, the shield 12, the collector '19 and the helix 10 by means of the leads shown, lead 20 furnishing the connection to the helix 10 through collar 14 and connector 1 6.
  • the solenoid 24 which may be energized from any directcurrent source such as battery 25, serves to provide an axial magnetic focussing field throughout the length of the electron beam. It should be noted in this connection that all of the conducting material employed in the tube structure must be non-magnetic.
  • the wave to be amplified enters through wave-guide portion 17, is transferred to the input end of the helix 10 through the coupling connector 15 which is in the field of the Wave guide, is transmitted along the helix to the coupling connector 16 at the output end of the helix by which it is transferred to the output wave guide 18.
  • the electron beam originating at the cathode surface 3 is projected along the axis of the helix to the collector 19.
  • the helix provides a wave transmission path several wavelengths long (in a typical case as many as forty wavelengths).
  • the velocity of the high frequency wave along the axis of the helix is less than its velocity along the wire of the helix depending upon the radius of the helix and the pitch of the winding, the axial velocity being approximately the velocity along the wire divided by the circumference of the helix in inches and the number of turns per inch.
  • the helix may be designed so that the velocity of the wave along the axis of the helix is reduced to be near the velocity of the electron beam projected therealong,. such a velocity being neces sary to allow amplification of the wave.
  • Final adjustment of the electron beam velocity may be made by ad justment of the electron accelerating voltage.
  • the tube adjusted and in operation there is interaction between the high frequency field of the helix and the electron beam so that the input high frequency wave applied to the helix 10, induces a similar wave in the electron beam which increases along the beam and transfers high frequency energy from the beam to the electric wave traveling along the helix to the output wave guide 18.
  • the electric wave is amplified in its passage between the input guide 17 and the output guide 18.
  • the beam focus be well maintained so that the beam may be projected close to the helix without an excessive number of electrons striking it.
  • the sleeve 12 is provided. This sleeve is inside the tube envelope.
  • the helix surrounds and is coaxial with the helix 10 and the path of the electron beam therein.
  • the helix is separated from the sleeve by the insulating supporting rods 11 which fit snugly inside the sleeve and outside the helix and position the
  • the sleeve 12 is connected to potential source 9 through lead 23 to maintain its potential below that of the helix 10 which is shown connected to a more positive potential point on source 9 through lead 20, collar 14 and connector 16.
  • the sleeve 12 maintained at a lower potential than the helix 10 in addition to providing a focussing effect on the electron beam performs also another important function.
  • the electric field configuration produced having radially directed components transverse to the direction of the electron beam, tends to move positive ions out of the beam and between the turns of the helix to the sleeve where they are collected. This tends to prevent the accumulation of ions in the beam to a degree of the coaxial vacuum-tight input lead to the helix.
  • ' and 46 designate the coaxial signal input line.
  • noise current at the output of the tube originating in the electron beam is reduced.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an embodiment of the invention differing from Fig. l principally in that the electron beam is tubular and is projected along the exterior of the helix rather than along the axis of the helix as in Fig. 1. There are, however, other differences in the structure and circuit of Fig. 2.
  • the evacuated envelope of the tube, designated 31 is of non-magnetic conducting material such as copper, bronze, aluminum or molybdenum, for example. It is vacuum-tight and the necessary leads enter the envelope through glass or ceramic insulating seals such as 37, 44 and 52.
  • the seals 37 are attached to metal eyelets 36.
  • 32 is a ring-shaped cathode within a groove of which is an emissive coating 33 which is heated by heater 34.
  • the heater 34 is energized from battery source 5.
  • the cathode 32 with its emissivc coating 33 forms a tubular electron beam between the helix 40 and the shield 56 as indicated by the broken lines extending to the right of the cathode.
  • the electrons in the beam are collected by the conducting envelope 31 at the output end of the tube though alternatively a separate collecting electrode may be used if desired.
  • the helix 40 is Wound on a supporting member 39 which may be of ceramic or a similar insulating material.
  • the helix is wound over most of its length to give an axial wave velocity approximately equal to the velocity of the electron beam as was explained in connection with Fig. 1; however, the ends may be tapered in diameter as shown, and also in pitch of the winding if desired, to provide impedance match to the input and output coaxial lines.
  • input and output wave guides coupled as shown in Fig. 1 may be employed in place of the coaxial lines and tapered helix of Fig. 2.
  • Electron beam accelerating voltage is provided by battery 49 which is connected to the conducting envelope 31 of the tube and from thence helix in the tube and with respect to the electron beam.
  • the battery 49 also provides potential, which may be either below or above that of the helix, to the shield 56 through lead 57.
  • the solenoid 24 which may be energized from any suitable direct-current source, such as battery 25, serves to provide an axial magnetic focussing field throughout the length of the electron beam.
  • the tubular shield 56 of non-magnetic conducting material surrounds the electron beam and is maintained at a potential different from that of the helix which is surrounded by the beam. Thus, an electric field is produced between the helix and the shield which is transverse to the direction of the electron beam and acts to move positive ions from the beam.
  • the shield 56 is positive with respect to the helix 40 the ions from the beam are collected on the helix, while if the shield 56 is negative with respect to the helix 40 the ions are collected on the shield. In this manner the accumulation of ions in the beam is prevented and the noise current at the output of the device reduced as in the case of 5 the Fig. 1 embodiment.
  • the Fig: 2 embodiment serves; to amplify the electric wave asit travels along the helix in the same. manner as the Fig. lembodiment.
  • the Fig. 3' embodiment like that of Fig. 2,, utilizes a hollow electron beam. However, the beam is projected between two coaxial helices which together form the electrical wave transmission circuit rather than between a helix and a shield as shown in Fig. 2.
  • a vacuum-tight evacuated glass envelope is designated 61.
  • the ring cathode 62 with an emissive coating 63 is utilized to produce a tubular beam extending betweenthe two coaxial helices 66 and 67 to the collector 80.
  • the cathode is heated by heater 64 energized from the battery 5.
  • the outer helix 66 rests against and is supported by the inner surface of the envelope 61.
  • the inner helix 67 is wound upon the ceramic support 72 which is supported at the ends by the pins 81 and 82.
  • the balanced signal input line 68, 69 is connected directly to the input ends of the two helices 66 and 67 and the balanced output line 70, 71 is connected directly to the output ends of the two helices.
  • Loss material 73 is deposited on the inside surface of the envelope 61 near the center of the helix 66 and loss material 74 is deposited on the ceramic support 73 near the center of the helix 67. This loss material provides the desirable high he quency attenuation in the wave transmission circuit.
  • Electron beam accelerating voltage is derived from the battery 78 which is connected to the helices 66 and 67 through the high impedance choke coils 75 and 76, respectively, and to the electron collector 80.
  • 77 is a by-pass condenser. The two helices are maintained at different direct-current potentials and either one may be the higher as indicated by the tap connections to the battery 78.
  • a radial electric field transverse to the direction of the electron beam, is produced in the region of the electron beam between the two helices. This field tends to move any positive ions in the beam toward the lower potential one of the helices Where they are collected and thereby prevented from accumulating in the beam to a degree where noise oscillations are produced.
  • 77 is a high frequency by-pass condenser.
  • the solenoid 24 energized from a direct-current source such as the battery 25 provides an axial magnetic focussing field along the path of the electron beam.
  • the helices are wound to have about the same phase velocities separately and, as explained in connection with Fig. l, to have phase velocities approximately the same as the velocity of the electron beam. For this reason since the diameters of the helices are different the turn spacings may be quite different though for convenience they are shown nearly the same in Fig. 3. Under this condition, as in the Fig. l and Fig. 2 embodiments, the high frequency wave receives energy from the electron beam and is amplified as it travels along the helices.
  • both slow electromagnetic waves have both longitudinal and transverse electric field components.
  • either the longitudinal or the transverse field may go to zero along a line or plane parallel to the direction of propagation. For instance, for the slow mode of propagation there is no transverse field on the axis of a helically-conducting sheet. Still, over any plane normal to the direction of propagation there are bound to be both longitudinal and transverse field components.
  • the transverse motions of electrons may be so restricted as to be of little importance. With weak focussing fields, however, the transverse motion of electrons may be important in producing gain.
  • the transverse fields can force the electrons sidewise, and thus change the longitudinal fields acting on them in such a way as to abstract energy from the electron stream. This is closely analogous to the action of the longitudinal fields in displacing electrons for- 6 ward or backward into regions of greater or lesser longitudinal field;
  • the double helix structure shown in Fig. 3 will support both a longitudinal wave. in which the electric field midway between the helices is substantially longitudinal, and a transverse wave in which the electric field mid-way between the helices is substantially transverse.
  • The: two waves will have slightly different phase velocities. Either wave may be used in producing amplification. If, for example, the transverse wave is to be used the electron velocity should be made substantially equal to the phase velocity of the transverse wave, and the coupling at the ends of the helix should be made such as to couple efliciently to the transverse wave. This adjustment can be made by varying the pitch of one helix near the end so as to add or subtract wire. For instance, if the coupling is initially good for exciting a longitudinal wave, adding or subtracting approximately a half free-space wavelength of wire at the end of either helix will make the coupling good for the transverse wave.
  • the differences in velocity between the longitudinal and the transverse wave be made as great as possible, so that the desired wave can be clearly chosen by adjusting electron speed.
  • the separation in wave velocity will be greater if the helices are wound in opposite senses than if they are wound in the same sense, and hence they should be Wound in opposite senses.
  • An electronic device comprising an evacuated envelope containing a cathode and an electron collector spaced apart, means for producing a beam of electrons along an extended linear path between said cathode and said collector, a first member of electrically conducting material in helical form surrounding said path and extending therealong in proximity thereto, a second member of electrically conducting material extending along said path in proximity thereto, surrounding said first member and spaced laterally therefrom, and direct current potential means connected to said two members for maintaining a substantial direct current potential difference between them with said first member at the higher potential.
  • An electronic device having input terminal means for coupling to an external input circuit and output terminal means for coupling to an external output circuit, said device comprising an evacuated envelope containing a cathode and an electron collector spaced apart, means for producing a beam of electrons along an extended linear path between said cathode and said collector, a high frequency electrical wave propagating circuit surrounding and disposed along said path in proximity thereto and having an output end coupled to said output terminal means, a member of electrically conducting material extending along said path in proximity thereto surrounding said wave propagating circuit and spaced laterally therefrom, and
  • direct current potential means connected to said propagating circuit and said member for maintaining a substantial potential difference between them with the propagating circuit at the higher potential.
  • An electronic device having input terminal means for coupling to an external input circuit and output terminal means for coupling to an external output circuit, said device comprising an evacuated envelope containing a cathode and an electron collector spaced apart, means for producing a beam of electrons along an extended linear path between said cathode and said collector, a high frequency electrical wave propagating circuit surrounding and disposed along said path in proximity thereto, one end of said propagating circuit being coupled to said output terminal means and the other end of said wave propagating circuit being coupled to said input terminal means, a member of electrically conducting material extending along said path in proximity thereto surrounding said wave propagating circuit and spaced laterally therefrom, and direct current potential means connected to said propagating circuit and said member for maintaining a substantial direct current potential difference between them with the propagating circuit at the higher potential.

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US64669A 1948-12-10 1948-12-10 Electronic amplifier Expired - Lifetime US2707759A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE491242D BE491242A (de) 1948-12-10
US64669A US2707759A (en) 1948-12-10 1948-12-10 Electronic amplifier
DEP50027D DE814490C (de) 1948-12-10 1949-07-25 Elektronischer Verstaerker
FR992048D FR992048A (fr) 1948-12-10 1949-08-09 Amplificateur électronique
CH276573D CH276573A (de) 1948-12-10 1949-08-09 Laufzeitverstärkerröhre mit fortschreitender Welle.
GB31668/49A GB701034A (en) 1948-12-10 1949-12-09 Improvements in or relating to travelling wave amplifiers
US197412A US2801361A (en) 1948-12-10 1950-11-24 High frequency amplifier

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US64669A US2707759A (en) 1948-12-10 1948-12-10 Electronic amplifier

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2707759A true US2707759A (en) 1955-05-03

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US64669A Expired - Lifetime US2707759A (en) 1948-12-10 1948-12-10 Electronic amplifier

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US (1) US2707759A (de)
BE (1) BE491242A (de)
CH (1) CH276573A (de)
DE (1) DE814490C (de)
FR (1) FR992048A (de)
GB (1) GB701034A (de)

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2767344A (en) * 1949-12-30 1956-10-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic amplifier
US2785339A (en) * 1952-10-17 1957-03-12 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Wave amplifier electron discharge device
US2806975A (en) * 1955-04-01 1957-09-17 Hughes Aircraft Co Transition from bifilar helix to waveguide for backward wave oscillator
US2817037A (en) * 1951-08-04 1957-12-17 Rca Corp Traveling wave electron tubes and circuits
US2819424A (en) * 1954-12-02 1958-01-07 Hughes Aircraft Co Electron gun for traveling wave tube
US2820172A (en) * 1949-06-21 1958-01-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High frequency amplifying device
US2822501A (en) * 1955-01-10 1958-02-04 Research Corp Slow-wave guide for traveling wave tubes
US2823333A (en) * 1954-10-29 1958-02-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube
US2824257A (en) * 1953-03-03 1958-02-18 Gen Electric Traveling wave tube
US2834909A (en) * 1954-06-17 1958-05-13 Varian Associates Traveling wave electron discharge device
US2843793A (en) * 1953-03-30 1958-07-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electrostatic focusing of electron beams
US2843776A (en) * 1953-03-30 1958-07-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube electron gun
US2855537A (en) * 1953-04-29 1958-10-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron beam focusing
US2859375A (en) * 1955-08-04 1958-11-04 Hughes Aircraft Co Multifilar helix coupling
US2871393A (en) * 1954-09-16 1959-01-27 Int Standard Electric Corp Traveling wave tube of high amplification
US2885593A (en) * 1954-12-07 1959-05-05 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Coupled lines systems
US2887609A (en) * 1954-10-08 1959-05-19 Rca Corp Traveling wave tube
US2889487A (en) * 1954-09-15 1959-06-02 Hughes Aircraft Co Traveling-wave tube
US2890369A (en) * 1956-10-02 1959-06-09 Sylvania Electric Prod Attenuator
US2899594A (en) * 1959-08-11 johnson
US2905858A (en) * 1953-06-30 1959-09-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Impedance matching by means of coupled helices
US2925565A (en) * 1955-05-12 1960-02-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Coaxial couplers
US2928992A (en) * 1951-06-30 1960-03-15 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Electron tubes of the multi reflexion type
US2935640A (en) * 1954-03-24 1960-05-03 Hughes Aircraft Co Traveling wave amplifier
US2941112A (en) * 1955-07-25 1960-06-14 Gen Electric Electric discharge device
US2943229A (en) * 1955-01-25 1960-06-28 Gen Electric Slow wave structures
US2957103A (en) * 1954-08-19 1960-10-18 Hughes Aircraft Co High power microwave tube
US2987644A (en) * 1952-04-08 1961-06-06 Itt Radio frequency impedance matching section
US3032676A (en) * 1957-02-19 1962-05-01 Raytheon Co Traveling wave tubes
US3032680A (en) * 1960-12-29 1962-05-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Coaxial cavity magnetron
US3213314A (en) * 1959-05-26 1965-10-19 Csf Travelling wave tube with positive ion drainage
DE1491398B1 (de) * 1964-12-21 1972-03-09 Raytheon Co Lauffeldroehre mit einer elektrode zum einfangen und ableiten von gasionen
US3666984A (en) * 1969-12-16 1972-05-30 Thomson Csf Wide-band high-power delay line

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DE974465C (de) * 1949-02-19 1961-01-05 Siemens Ag Wanderfeldverstaerkerroehre
DE973486C (de) * 1950-12-06 1960-03-03 Elektronik Ges Mit Beschraenkt Elektronenroehre fuer laengs einer wendelfoermigen Verzoegerungsleitung fortschreitende sehr kurze elektromagnetische Wellen
BE508182A (de) * 1951-01-04
DE973327C (de) * 1951-04-19 1960-01-21 Standard Elek K Lorenz Ag Wanderfeldwendelroehre mit selbsttragendem Roehrensystem
DE962189C (de) * 1951-11-20 1957-04-18 Siemens Ag Aus einem wendelfoermig gestalteten Draht od. dgl. bestehender Wellenleiter fuer Wanderfeldroehren oder andere Anordnungen fuer sehr hohe Frequenzen
US2843790A (en) * 1951-12-14 1958-07-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave amplifier
DE1026440B (de) * 1952-02-11 1958-03-20 Telefunken Gmbh Schaltung zum Betrieb einer elektrischen Entladungsroehre fuer sehr kurze elektrische Wellen
DE948994C (de) * 1952-04-08 1956-09-13 Siemens Ag Elektronenroehre fuer sehr kurze Wellen
USRE24794E (en) * 1952-06-12 1960-03-15 quate
US2801360A (en) * 1952-08-23 1957-07-30 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube
DE1127496B (de) * 1953-03-30 1962-04-12 Western Electric Co Wanderfeldroehre
NL200546A (de) * 1954-10-29
DE1264626B (de) * 1959-09-16 1968-03-28 Telefunken Patent Halterungsanordnung fuer die Elektroden einer Lauffeldroehre, deren hohlzylindrischer Wechselwirkungsraum von einem elektrostatisch gebuendelt gefuehrten Elektronenhohlstrahl durchsetzt ist
NL286786A (de) * 1962-12-14 1965-02-10

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US2233126A (en) * 1933-10-23 1941-02-25 Rca Corp Device for and method of controlling high frequency currents
US2300052A (en) * 1940-05-04 1942-10-27 Rca Corp Electron discharge device system
US2511407A (en) * 1947-01-09 1950-06-13 Csf Amplifying valve of the progressive wave type
US2578434A (en) * 1947-06-25 1951-12-11 Rca Corp High-frequency electron discharge device of the traveling wave type
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US2064469A (en) * 1933-10-23 1936-12-15 Rca Corp Device for and method of controlling high frequency currents
US2233126A (en) * 1933-10-23 1941-02-25 Rca Corp Device for and method of controlling high frequency currents
US2300052A (en) * 1940-05-04 1942-10-27 Rca Corp Electron discharge device system
US2511407A (en) * 1947-01-09 1950-06-13 Csf Amplifying valve of the progressive wave type
US2578434A (en) * 1947-06-25 1951-12-11 Rca Corp High-frequency electron discharge device of the traveling wave type
US2600509A (en) * 1947-08-01 1952-06-17 Cie Generale De T S F Traveling wave tube

Cited By (33)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2899594A (en) * 1959-08-11 johnson
US2820172A (en) * 1949-06-21 1958-01-14 Bell Telephone Labor Inc High frequency amplifying device
US2767344A (en) * 1949-12-30 1956-10-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic amplifier
US2928992A (en) * 1951-06-30 1960-03-15 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Electron tubes of the multi reflexion type
US2817037A (en) * 1951-08-04 1957-12-17 Rca Corp Traveling wave electron tubes and circuits
US2987644A (en) * 1952-04-08 1961-06-06 Itt Radio frequency impedance matching section
US2785339A (en) * 1952-10-17 1957-03-12 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Wave amplifier electron discharge device
US2824257A (en) * 1953-03-03 1958-02-18 Gen Electric Traveling wave tube
US2843793A (en) * 1953-03-30 1958-07-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electrostatic focusing of electron beams
US2843776A (en) * 1953-03-30 1958-07-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube electron gun
US2855537A (en) * 1953-04-29 1958-10-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron beam focusing
US2905858A (en) * 1953-06-30 1959-09-22 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Impedance matching by means of coupled helices
US2935640A (en) * 1954-03-24 1960-05-03 Hughes Aircraft Co Traveling wave amplifier
US2834909A (en) * 1954-06-17 1958-05-13 Varian Associates Traveling wave electron discharge device
US2957103A (en) * 1954-08-19 1960-10-18 Hughes Aircraft Co High power microwave tube
US2889487A (en) * 1954-09-15 1959-06-02 Hughes Aircraft Co Traveling-wave tube
US2871393A (en) * 1954-09-16 1959-01-27 Int Standard Electric Corp Traveling wave tube of high amplification
US2887609A (en) * 1954-10-08 1959-05-19 Rca Corp Traveling wave tube
US2823333A (en) * 1954-10-29 1958-02-11 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Traveling wave tube
US2819424A (en) * 1954-12-02 1958-01-07 Hughes Aircraft Co Electron gun for traveling wave tube
US2885593A (en) * 1954-12-07 1959-05-05 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Coupled lines systems
US2822501A (en) * 1955-01-10 1958-02-04 Research Corp Slow-wave guide for traveling wave tubes
US2943229A (en) * 1955-01-25 1960-06-28 Gen Electric Slow wave structures
US2806975A (en) * 1955-04-01 1957-09-17 Hughes Aircraft Co Transition from bifilar helix to waveguide for backward wave oscillator
US2925565A (en) * 1955-05-12 1960-02-16 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Coaxial couplers
US2941112A (en) * 1955-07-25 1960-06-14 Gen Electric Electric discharge device
US2859375A (en) * 1955-08-04 1958-11-04 Hughes Aircraft Co Multifilar helix coupling
US2890369A (en) * 1956-10-02 1959-06-09 Sylvania Electric Prod Attenuator
US3032676A (en) * 1957-02-19 1962-05-01 Raytheon Co Traveling wave tubes
US3213314A (en) * 1959-05-26 1965-10-19 Csf Travelling wave tube with positive ion drainage
US3032680A (en) * 1960-12-29 1962-05-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Coaxial cavity magnetron
DE1491398B1 (de) * 1964-12-21 1972-03-09 Raytheon Co Lauffeldroehre mit einer elektrode zum einfangen und ableiten von gasionen
US3666984A (en) * 1969-12-16 1972-05-30 Thomson Csf Wide-band high-power delay line

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB701034A (en) 1953-12-16
FR992048A (fr) 1951-10-12
CH276573A (de) 1951-07-15
DE814490C (de) 1951-09-24
BE491242A (de)

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