Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K3/32—Phosphorus-containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
  • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
  • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
  • C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
  • C08K5/11—Esters; Ether-esters of acyclic polycarboxylic acids

Definitions

• This invention relates to a specific composition consisting essentially of a particular vinylidene chloride-vinyl chloride copolymer and small amounts of particular stabilizers and plasticizers therefor. It relates in particular to such a composition, capable of being dyed or pigmented to white or pastel shades and of being extruded and stretched conventionally to form filamentary products which do not darken during extrusion and which retain their intended color upon exposure to light.
• a major use for the copolymer of 88 to 94 per cent vinylidene chloride and correspondingly from 12 to 6 per cent vinyl chloride is in the preparation of filaments, especially for use in heavy fabrics such as automobile seat covers, drapery fabrics and open weave insect screening.
• the copolymer in its principal fields of use, is exposed to sunlight.
• Such exposure results in darkening and discoloration of the filaments.
• the exposure and discoloration to which filaments are subject is much more severe than that to which such other articles as films are subject and it has been found that agents which can give sufficient protection to the polymer for use in films are inadequate to protect filamentary products.
• the problem of discoloration is not limited to the clear or unpigmented compositions, but is especially noticeable and undesirable in those compositions which have white pigments or which have been dyed to pastel shades.
• the discoloration of unpigmented polymer normally progresses through a series of yellow and brown shades to an ultimate color approaching black.
• the intended shade is changed due to the change in the polymer. This is especially noticeable in white, red and blue products.
• the white acquires a yellow tint, reds become orange, and blues become green. The change is-progressive, and no constant or reproducible shade is obtained.
• compositions employed for making the filaments consist essentially of the copolymer of 88 to 94 per cent vinylidene chloride and 12 to 6 per cent of vinyl chloride, together with from 0.1 to per cent of the filaments will be free from discoloration upon weight of the composition of tetrasodium pyrophosphate, from 2 to 6 per cent of salol (phenyl salicylate) and from 1 to 5 per cent of acetyl triethyl citrate, the combined weights of salol and the citrate not exceeding 9 per cent of the weight of the composition.
• Preferred compositions are those containing 0.1 to 1.5 per cent of the pyrophosphate and from 3 to 5 per cent each of the salol and the citrate
• compositions containing salol as the only organic modifier of the polymer in non-exuding quantities of 6 per cent or less are not easily extruded, because the salol exerts too little pla-sticizing efiect at extrusion temperatures in those concentrations.
• Acetyl triethyl citrate is known from U. S. Patent No. 2,429,165 to be a stabilizer for vinylidene chloride copolymers. This compound gives filaments containing it as the sole stabilizing agent amounts of salol or of acetyl triethyl citrate which may be used alone without exudation from filaments of the copolymer here concerned, it
• the defined copolymer may contain as stabilizing plasticizers as much as 5 per cent of acetyl triethyl citrate or as much as 6 per cent of salol, and an additional amount of the other, up to a total of 9 per cent of the two, without signs of exudation from the extruded and oriented filaments.
• stabilizing plasticizers as much as 5 per cent of acetyl triethyl citrate or as much as 6 per cent of salol, and an additional amount of the other, up to a total of 9 per cent of the two, without signs of exudation from the extruded and oriented filaments.
• the following table illustrates the utility of the new compositions.
• the test samples were prepared in the same manner and were exposed to the same conditions. Some samples contained pigments or dyes to determine whether they would retain the desired hue upon exposure to light. Some samples were heated 2 hours in an oven at 140 C. to observe the extent of any color change.
• the copolymer of about 90 per cent vinylidene chloride and per cent vinyl chloride was ground to a suliicient fineness to pass a mesh screen (U. S. sieve series), and was mixed with the stated amount of tetrasodium pyrophosphate of 325-mesh fineness. This mixture was compounded with the organic stabilizers under test. When two such stabilizers were employed,
• samples 1-4 and 7-3 are relatively unsatisfactory.
• Samples 12-14 and 18-20 each contained excessive combinations of the organic stabilizers and plasticizers, and are also unsatisfactory.
• the foregoing and other tests indicate that the amount of acetyl triethyl citrate may be from 1 to 5 per cent, and that of salol may be from 2 to 6 per cent (preferably 3-5 per cent), provided the aggregate amount of the two does not exceed 9 per cent.
• Dyed samples showed no change of hue in sunlight exposure tests over an average of 4 to 5 months, while dyed specimens of samples 1-3 changed hue noticeably in the course of a single month of exposure, and dyed specimens of sample 4 had a sunlight exposure life or about 2 months.
• a composition of matter consisting essentially of the copolymer of from 88 to 94 per cent vinylidene chloride and correspondingly 12 to 6 per cent vinyl chloride and from 0.5 to 5 per cent of the weight of the composition of tetrasodium pyrophosphate, from 1 to 5 per cent by weight of acetyl triethyl citrate, and from 2 to 6 per cent by weight of salol, the aggregate amounts of the citrate and salol not exceeding 9 pe" cent of the composition by Weight.
• a composition of matter consisting essentially of the copolymer of from 88 to 94 per cent vinylidene chloride and correspondingly 12 to 6 per cent vinyl chloride and from 0.5 to 1.5 per cent of the weight of the composition of tetrasodium pyrophosphate, from 1 to 5 percent by weight of acetyl triethyl citrate, and from 3 to 5 per cent by weight of salol, the aggregate amounts of the citrate and salol being at least 6 per cent and not exceeding 9 per cent of the composition by weight.
• a composition of matter consisting essentially of the copolymer of from 38 to 94 per cent vinylidene chloride and correspondingly 12 to 6 per cent vinyl chloride and from 0.5 to 1.5 per cent of the weight of the composition of tetrasodium pyrophosphate, and from 3 to 5 per cent by weight each of acetyl triethyl citrate and salol, the aggregate amounts of the citrate and salol being at least 6 per cent and not exceeding 9 per cent of the composition by weight.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=9759238

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Cited By (4)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (3)

• 1952
  • 1952-02-01 US US269590A patent/US2680106A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1954
  • 1954-02-05 GB GB3486/54A patent/GB739411A/en not_active Expired
  • 1954-03-02 FR FR1098783D patent/FR1098783A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1954-03-03 NL NL82210D patent/NL82210C/xx active
  • 1954-03-15 BE BE527277D patent/BE527277A/xx unknown

Patent Citations (3)

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