Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M5/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2201/14—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions inorganic compounds surface treated with organic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2205/18—Natural waxes, e.g. ceresin, ozocerite, bees wax, carnauba; Degras
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
  • C10M2215/06—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings
  • C10M2215/064—Di- and triaryl amines
  • C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2215/26—Amines
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/02—Unspecified siloxanes; Silicones
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
  • C10M2229/041—Siloxanes with specific structure containing aliphatic substituents
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
  • C10M2229/043—Siloxanes with specific structure containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
  • C10M2229/044—Siloxanes with specific structure containing silicon-to-hydrogen bonds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
  • C10M2229/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2205/00, C10M2209/00, C10M2213/00, C10M2217/00, C10M2221/00 or C10M2225/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
  • C10M2229/04—Siloxanes with specific structure
  • C10M2229/05—Siloxanes with specific structure containing atoms other than silicon, hydrogen, oxygen or carbon
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
  • C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
  • C10N2040/02—Bearings
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/015—Dispersions of solid lubricants
  • C10N2050/02—Dispersions of solid lubricants dissolved or suspended in a carrier which subsequently evaporates to leave a lubricant coating
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
  • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
  • C10N2070/00—Specific manufacturing methods for lubricant compositions

Definitions

• Patentecl May 4, 1954 UNITED STATES ATENT OFFICE BEN TON ITE GREASES poration of Delaware No Drawing. Application February 21, 1950, Serial No. 145,595
• This invention relates to new and improved lubricating compositions.
• the invention relates to lubricatin compositions which comprise an oil thickened to a greaseconsistency with an organophilic bentonite.
• the invention relates'to a grease composition having desirable high temperature properties and excellent structural stability which is formed by dispersing into a lubricating base a complex reaction product of a bentonitic type clay and an aliphatic amine salt, utilizing in the dispersing step a solvent exchange procedure.
• organophilic bentonites such as clay platelets are entirely coated with organic material, known commercially as Bentone 34
• Bentone 34 organic material
• the invention comprises a new and useful lubricating composition prepared by spreading the lattice structure of the organophilic bentonite by treating it with a polar material to form a slurry.
• Thedesired lubricating oil is then worked gradually into the slurry until a suspension is obtained containing all of the required oil.
• the batch is then heated, the polar material distilled ofi, leaving: the bentonite-oil system as a heavy grease.
• an aliphatic amine salt in which the aliphatic portion of the amine is a carbon chain of from 10 to 18 carbon atoms.
• Either the primary aliphatic amine salt or the quaternary amine salt may be used.
• the aliphatic portion may be either alike or different, the total number of carbon atoms, however, being preferably within the range of from 10-35.
• these complexes are prepared by first reacting the desired aliphatic amine, with an acid, such as acetic or hydrochloric, to form the amine salt, and then adding the amine salt to a water dispersion of the bentonitic material. The complex formed is then washed free of salt, dried, and ground.
• an acid such as acetic or hydrochloric
• the method of this invention is especially adaptable to the primary amine complexes since in these complexes, it is postulated, the lattice structure of the bentonite is not completely coated with polar material and the oil used will not penetrate into the system.
• This theory explains the lack of success in attempts to form a grease structure with a primary amine complex using the milling procedure.
• the polar material By the use of the polar material, the lattice structure is completely coated and the oil enters the system easily, the polar material may then be distilled off, leaving the desired bentonite lattice-oil system in the form of a solid grease.
• any of the polar materials having the capacity of increasing the gel volume of the bentonite whichare listed on page 299 of the Jordan article referred to above may be used in the process of this invention, it is preferred to use those materials having lower boiling points.
• the preferred lower boiling materials are isopropyl alcohol acetone, ethyl ether, toluene, xylene, and the like. Mixtures of two or more of the polar materials may also be used.
• the amount of the polar material used is not critical, it being essential only that the bentonite complex is completely wetted by the liquid used. Ordinarily equal parts of the bentonite complex and the polar material are operable.
• the amount of the organophilic bentonite and the lubricating oil used for the formulation of the greases of this invention are not critical so long as the desired. stable grease structure is obtained. For most purposes, however, a grease formed by using from 5% to 50% of the filler has satisfactory structural stability.
• the lubricating oil used. to prepare the greases of this invention may be either a naturally occurring oil or a synthetic oil, depending to a certain extent, upon the characteristics desired in the final grease composition.
• various synthetic oils operable special mention should be made of the silicone fluids which are excellent lubricants for temperatures in excess of 300 F. Greases made following the concept of this invention utilizing the silicone fluids have dropping points high enough to take advantage of the superior high temperature properties of the silicone fluids.
• the Carnauba wax was added to the mixture of the isopropyl alcohol and bentonite along with the distillate.
• Example V using the procedure of Example V but using as the polar material acetone instead of the ethyl ether.
• EXAMPLE VII About 15 parts by weight of a primary aliphatic amine salt-bentonite complex was slurried directly with parts by weight of a Coastal distillate having a viscosity at 210 F. of 50 U. S. The slurry was then passed through a colloid mill 5 times. A semi-fluid product resulted which was entirely unsuitable as a lubricating grease composition.
• EXAMPLE VIII About 15 parts by weight of a complex formed by reacting a quaternary amine salt with bentonite was admixed with 85 parts by weight 01 the same distillate used in Example VII above. After milling the slurry by two passes through a colloid mill at .602" clearance a solid grease composition resulted.
• high temperature greases may be made following the concept of this invention using various synthetic oils.
• Particularly desirable for making high temperature greases are the silicone fluids which have excellent lubricating properties at temperatures in excess of 300 F.
• the following examples set out in detail the preparation of greases utilizing the silicone fluids:
• EXAMPLE IX About 15 parts by weight of a primary aliphatic amine salt-bentonitic complex was mixed with sufhcient acetone to make a soft paste, 85% of a aev'zeer Table -II.Bentovie comple.rsilicone fluid Micropenetration (grin/) lljl'asslelis ru 60 es Grease Screen IX complex) -e 510 195 208 212 X complex) 512 152 145 132 An examination of the inspection data in Table I above will show that greases prepared using the silicone oils as dispersants have excellent dropping points and structural stability.
• the grease compositions of the invention are compatible with the conventional additive materials such as tackiness agents, viscosity index improvers, anti-corrosion agents, oxidation inhibitors, extreme pressure agents, and the like.
• the instant invention comprises the manufacture of a new and useful lubricating composition
• the dispersant or thickening agent is a complex reaction product of an aliphatic amine salt and a bentonitic type material and the dispersing agent is'a lubricating oil.
• the complex is first mixed with a polar material which serves to prepare the complex for mixing with the oil.
• the oil is stirred in and the resulting mixture is heated to drive off the polar material, leaving a stable complex-oil system.
• the invention is particularly adapted to forming desirable lubricating compositions with the primary aliphatic amine salt complexes.
• a process for the manufacture of a new and useful lubricating grease composition consisting essentially of reacting a bentonitic clay with a material selected from the class consisting of high molecular weight primary and quaternary aliphatic amine salts of low molecular weight acids to form a complex reaction product, treating said complex reaction product with a substantially equal volume of a polar material of the class consisting of acetone, ethyl ether, isopropyl alcohol, toluene, xylene, and mixtures thereof, dispersing said treated reaction product in a lubricating oil of the class consisting of mineral oils and silicone fluids by a mixing step, and heating said mixture to a temperature above the boiling point of the polar material.
• a process for the manufacture of a new and useful lubricating grease composition consisting essentially of reacting a bentonitic clay with a material selected from the class consisting of high molecular weight primary and quaternary aliphatic amine salts of low molecular weight acids to form a complex reaction product, treating from 5% to 50% of said complex reaction prod uct with a substantially equal volume of a material selected from the class consisting of acetone, ethyl ether, and isopropyl alcohol toluene, xylene and mixtures thereof, dispersing said treated reaction product in 50% to of a lubricating oil of the class consisting of mineral oils and silicone fluids by a mixing step, and heating said mixture to a temperature above the boiling point of the polar material to drive off said polar material leaving the complex-oil system as a heavy grease,
• a process for the manufacture of a new and useful lubricating grease composition consisting essentially of treating a complex reaction product of a bentonitic clay with a material selected from the class consisting of high molecular weight primary and quaternary aliphatic amine salts of low molecular weight acids with a substantially equal volume of a polar material of the class consisting of acetone, ethyl ether, ispropyl alcohol, toluene, xylene, and mixtures thereof, dispersing said treated reaction product in a lubricating oil of the class consisting of mineral oils and silicone fluids by a mixing step, and heating said mixture to a temperature above the boiling point of the polar material.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)

Priority Applications (6)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=22513788

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Cited By (9)

Citations (8)

• 0
  • BE BE500983D patent/BE500983A/xx unknown
  • NL NL76177D patent/NL76177C/xx active
• 1950
  • 1950-02-21 US US145595A patent/US2677661A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1950-05-23 GB GB12853/50A patent/GB703249A/en not_active Expired
  • 1950-12-28 FR FR1030736D patent/FR1030736A/fr not_active Expired
• 1951
  • 1951-02-18 DE DEST3078A patent/DE878833C/de not_active Expired

Patent Citations (8)

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