Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
  • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
  • F02M19/00—Details, component parts, or accessories of carburettors, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M1/00 - F02M17/00
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M7/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
  • D06M7/005—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins made of asbestos
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
  • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D21H17/35—Polyalkenes, e.g. polystyrene
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
  • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
  • D21H17/66—Salts, e.g. alums
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
  • D21H23/76—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by choice of auxiliary compounds which are added separately from at least one other compound, e.g. to improve the incorporation of the latter or to obtain an enhanced combined effect
  • D21H23/765—Addition of all compounds to the pulp

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process for coating animal, mineral or vegetable fibers, and
• present invention is concerned only with those wherein the pulp is treated prior to being formed into sheets.
• the principal object of the present invention is to provide a novel process of coating fibers'in the pulp stage with an emulsifiable material which overcomes the foregoing dimculties of the prior art processes.
• Another object is to provide a novel process for treating fibers with an emulsifiable substance wherein the finished Product may contain up to 55% or more of the deposited coated substance by weight.
• Another object is to provide a novel process for treating fibers in the pulp stage with an emulsifiable substance wherein the fibers are so agitated and dispersed that each individual fiber is uniformly and'evenly coated with the substance.
• Another object is to provide a novel process a for coating fibers in the pulp stage with an emul- 'sifiable substance wherein the treated pulp is substantially free from rubber or resinous lumps,
• substance can be emulsified and can be added to the pulp in the form of an emulsion.
• Another object is to provide a novel process of coating fibers in the pulp stage wherein the pulp is agitated in such'a manner as to reduce the :in commercial use.
• Another object is to provide a novel process of coating fibers in the pulp stage so that the finished product has highly uniform physical properties.
• Another object is to provide a novel processof coating fibers in the pulp stage wherein the pulp concentration in the slurry is substantially lower than that used in the prior .art. processes.
• Another object is to provide a novel'process of coating fibers in the pulp stage wherein the means for agitating and dispersingztheipulpfibers includes no mechanical 'devices such-as beaiters or pumps or agitators and wherein the agitation and dispersion are more completerthanlin the prior art processes.
• the present invention contemplates processing animal, mineral and vegetable fibersand nondistinction among these..ifibers will be made (in this specification.
• Examples of ifibers :that :may .be processed are wool "and "leatherfibersljianimal) asbestos (mineral), and woodiand other cellulosic fibers (vegetable).
• the .preparationio'f.thepulp it may be prepared according to any one of the various processes now At the end of the beater operation the 'pulptshould be diluted to'a concent-ration of 2%xor:less'and;preferably. 1% or under.
• the pulp slurry- is transferred to .anagitation tank which preferably is a cylindrical vessel wherein the side-walls :curve into :the bottom, which may beconcave, so as to'remove anysharp corners or crevices whichcould create dead spots Y .or.localeddycurrents which would upset'or disturb the regular and even-though very turbulentagitation of the pulp slurry.
• Agitation is not-carried out by any-mechanical device but-by means of air or a gas which is'substantially water insoluble and non-reactive :with :water, pulp"or' added substances and which is introduced through strategically located jets or -outlets in 'the bottom of the tank.
• the locomof the 'jets or .outlets forms no part of .the'present-irrvenrapid so as tofaciIitate the dispersion of :the fibersand the emulsion .or latex. 'As the air bubbles to the surface of theliquid in-the-tank it expandsalso to aid'in the dispersionof .the
• the gas which isused- is preferably air, nitrogen, or a ,similargas which is substantially .in-
• thefpulp..-has been transferred to the agitation tankyait is agitated as described and the agitationis continued until the end of the process.
• the coagulant .be :addedin two portions the first :portioncontain- .ing less than the-calculated totalamountofco- .agulant required. and .thesecondportion con- ..taining. the remainder of .the: coagulantsubstantially diluted. .It v.is preferred that the first portion of coagulant .be .between..50% and-90% ..of .the amountrequired .depending upon ..the
• the emulsion or latex may or may not require the use of stabilizers, such as ionizable or nonionizable soaps, and protective colloids, such as casein, glue and haemoglobin.
• stabilizers such as ionizable or nonionizable soaps
• protective colloids such as casein, glue and haemoglobin.
• the emulsion or latex preferably is diluted to a concentration of between 5% to by Weight of solids, although more dilute concentrations appear to be satisfactory.
• the pulp liquor may become milky, and the viscosity of the pulp will increase due to the addition of the solids. It may be necessary to increase the rate of air flow so that the speed and character dilute than the first, and it is added slowly while the pulp is continuously agitated as before. After the second addition of coagulant the pulp liquor should be free from any latex or emulsion, and
• Pulp fibers treated according to this process will have a coating of resinous or rubber or the like particles throughout their entire length.
• the density and thickness of the coating will depend upon the amount of solid material added in the form of emulsion or latex. However. there will always be uniformity regardless of the density or thickness.
• Type III 20 24' 120 Aluminum Sulphate 0. 125 400
• the rubber latex was stabilized and diluted to about 2% to 3% solids. After the first addi tion of aluminum sulphate the pulp was agitated by air for ten minutes, as was done in each of the other examples herein described, and the complete process carried out as set forth
• the total synthetic rubber in the coated pulp was slightly more than 54 A;%.
• Type III 20 100 Curing Agent (dispersion) 50 2 4 Aluminum Sulphate 0. 125 200
• the process was carried out in exactly the same fashion as Example No. 1 except that the dispersion of curing agent was added after the latex and before the second addition of aluminum sulphate.
• curing agents such as antioxidants, activators, sulphur and accelerators in the form of dispersions may be added-but if so should be added before the second addition of coagulant.
• the solids are 52.4% of the total.
• a pigment, carbon black (P-3 3) was added to the pulp in a dispersion immediately after the addition of the latex and curing agent but before the second addition of aluminum sulphate.
• Such pigments are added for a variety of reasons such as to impart color or to increase the tensile strength of the sheet material made from the pulp. If a pigment is to be incorporated it may be mixed with the emulsion or latex or added separately in a dispersion. If added separately it must be added before the second addition of coagulant.
• the percentage of added solids in Example No. 3 is approximately 51.8% of the total weight.
• the amount of added solids is 51.6% of the total weight.
• P-33 is carbon black.
• "Acrawax C. is the trade name for a wax sold by Glycol Products Co. of New York. It is added in dispersion in the same manner as a pigment and increases the water resistance of the finished product.
• the latex of vinyl chloride is that sold by B. F. Goodrich Co. under its trade-mark Geon; it is type PX-8.
• the latex was diluted to 2% to 3% solids. This is an example of an added thermoplastic type resin, which constituted 50% not the weight of the finished product.
• the improvement. which .consistsin providing an aqueous slurry containing not .more than about 2% of fiber, subjecting .the slurry continuously to rapid, turbulent mass. agitation by bubbling .upwardly therethrough a gas whereby the fibers are continuously disperscdbythe expanding gas bubbling'therethrough, and slowly adding to the ebullient slurry a coating material in the form of an emulsion whereby the dispersed fibers are uniformly coated with the coating material.
• the process of coating fibers with emulsifiable material which comprises providing a dilute aqueous slurry of the fibers with the fiber content of .the slurry being not more than.2% by weight, subjecting the slurry continuously .to rapid, turbulent massagitationby bubbling upwardly therethrough a gas wherebythe'fibersare continuously dispersed by the expanding gas bubbling therethrough, and slowly adding to the ebullient slurry in the form of an emulsion a coating material selected from a group comprising natural and synthetic rubber, thermoplastic and thermosetting resins, waxes and oils, and in which the emulsion contains from about 2 to 10% solid material, said coating material being effectively dispersed throughout the slurry by said ebullient gas agitation whereby the dispersed fibers are uniformly coated with the coating material.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Cited By (7)

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Citations (21)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 1948
  • 1948-09-25 US US51294A patent/US2676099A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1954
  • 1954-03-06 GB GB6614/54A patent/GB759071A/en not_active Expired
  • 1954-03-23 FR FR1097751D patent/FR1097751A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1954-03-31 BE BE527761D patent/BE527761A/xx unknown
  • 1954-03-31 NL NL186397A patent/NL88166C/xx active
  • 1954-04-17 DE DEF14495A patent/DE1103122B/de active Pending

Patent Citations (21)

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