US2676099A - Process of coating fibers with gas agitation - Google Patents

Process of coating fibers with gas agitation Download PDF

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Publication number
US2676099A
US2676099A US51294A US5129448A US2676099A US 2676099 A US2676099 A US 2676099A US 51294 A US51294 A US 51294A US 5129448 A US5129448 A US 5129448A US 2676099 A US2676099 A US 2676099A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
pulp
fibers
slurry
coating
latex
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US51294A
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English (en)
Inventor
John Y L Kao
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
F D FARNAM Co
Original Assignee
Farnam Co F D
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Farnam Co F D filed Critical Farnam Co F D
Priority to US51294A priority Critical patent/US2676099A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2676099A publication Critical patent/US2676099A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M19/00—Details, component parts, or accessories of carburettors, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M1/00 - F02M17/00
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M7/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins
    • D06M7/005—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made of other substances with subsequent freeing of the treated goods from the treating medium, e.g. swelling, e.g. polyolefins made of asbestos
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/20—Macromolecular organic compounds
    • D21H17/33—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D21H17/34—Synthetic macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H17/35—Polyalkenes, e.g. polystyrene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D21H17/63—Inorganic compounds
    • D21H17/66—Salts, e.g. alums
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
    • D21H23/76—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by choice of auxiliary compounds which are added separately from at least one other compound, e.g. to improve the incorporation of the latter or to obtain an enhanced combined effect
    • D21H23/765—Addition of all compounds to the pulp

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for coating animal, mineral or vegetable fibers, and
  • present invention is concerned only with those wherein the pulp is treated prior to being formed into sheets.
  • the principal object of the present invention is to provide a novel process of coating fibers'in the pulp stage with an emulsifiable material which overcomes the foregoing dimculties of the prior art processes.
  • Another object is to provide a novel process for treating fibers with an emulsifiable substance wherein the finished Product may contain up to 55% or more of the deposited coated substance by weight.
  • Another object is to provide a novel process for treating fibers in the pulp stage with an emulsifiable substance wherein the fibers are so agitated and dispersed that each individual fiber is uniformly and'evenly coated with the substance.
  • Another object is to provide a novel process a for coating fibers in the pulp stage with an emul- 'sifiable substance wherein the treated pulp is substantially free from rubber or resinous lumps,
  • substance can be emulsified and can be added to the pulp in the form of an emulsion.
  • Another object is to provide a novel process of coating fibers in the pulp stage wherein the pulp is agitated in such'a manner as to reduce the :in commercial use.
  • Another object is to provide a novel process of coating fibers in the pulp stage so that the finished product has highly uniform physical properties.
  • Another object is to provide a novel processof coating fibers in the pulp stage wherein the pulp concentration in the slurry is substantially lower than that used in the prior .art. processes.
  • Another object is to provide a novel'process of coating fibers in the pulp stage wherein the means for agitating and dispersingztheipulpfibers includes no mechanical 'devices such-as beaiters or pumps or agitators and wherein the agitation and dispersion are more completerthanlin the prior art processes.
  • the present invention contemplates processing animal, mineral and vegetable fibersand nondistinction among these..ifibers will be made (in this specification.
  • Examples of ifibers :that :may .be processed are wool "and "leatherfibersljianimal) asbestos (mineral), and woodiand other cellulosic fibers (vegetable).
  • the .preparationio'f.thepulp it may be prepared according to any one of the various processes now At the end of the beater operation the 'pulptshould be diluted to'a concent-ration of 2%xor:less'and;preferably. 1% or under.
  • the pulp slurry- is transferred to .anagitation tank which preferably is a cylindrical vessel wherein the side-walls :curve into :the bottom, which may beconcave, so as to'remove anysharp corners or crevices whichcould create dead spots Y .or.localeddycurrents which would upset'or disturb the regular and even-though very turbulentagitation of the pulp slurry.
  • Agitation is not-carried out by any-mechanical device but-by means of air or a gas which is'substantially water insoluble and non-reactive :with :water, pulp"or' added substances and which is introduced through strategically located jets or -outlets in 'the bottom of the tank.
  • the locomof the 'jets or .outlets forms no part of .the'present-irrvenrapid so as tofaciIitate the dispersion of :the fibersand the emulsion .or latex. 'As the air bubbles to the surface of theliquid in-the-tank it expandsalso to aid'in the dispersionof .the
  • the gas which isused- is preferably air, nitrogen, or a ,similargas which is substantially .in-
  • thefpulp..-has been transferred to the agitation tankyait is agitated as described and the agitationis continued until the end of the process.
  • the coagulant .be :addedin two portions the first :portioncontain- .ing less than the-calculated totalamountofco- .agulant required. and .thesecondportion con- ..taining. the remainder of .the: coagulantsubstantially diluted. .It v.is preferred that the first portion of coagulant .be .between..50% and-90% ..of .the amountrequired .depending upon ..the
  • the emulsion or latex may or may not require the use of stabilizers, such as ionizable or nonionizable soaps, and protective colloids, such as casein, glue and haemoglobin.
  • stabilizers such as ionizable or nonionizable soaps
  • protective colloids such as casein, glue and haemoglobin.
  • the emulsion or latex preferably is diluted to a concentration of between 5% to by Weight of solids, although more dilute concentrations appear to be satisfactory.
  • the pulp liquor may become milky, and the viscosity of the pulp will increase due to the addition of the solids. It may be necessary to increase the rate of air flow so that the speed and character dilute than the first, and it is added slowly while the pulp is continuously agitated as before. After the second addition of coagulant the pulp liquor should be free from any latex or emulsion, and
  • Pulp fibers treated according to this process will have a coating of resinous or rubber or the like particles throughout their entire length.
  • the density and thickness of the coating will depend upon the amount of solid material added in the form of emulsion or latex. However. there will always be uniformity regardless of the density or thickness.
  • Type III 20 24' 120 Aluminum Sulphate 0. 125 400
  • the rubber latex was stabilized and diluted to about 2% to 3% solids. After the first addi tion of aluminum sulphate the pulp was agitated by air for ten minutes, as was done in each of the other examples herein described, and the complete process carried out as set forth
  • the total synthetic rubber in the coated pulp was slightly more than 54 A;%.
  • Type III 20 100 Curing Agent (dispersion) 50 2 4 Aluminum Sulphate 0. 125 200
  • the process was carried out in exactly the same fashion as Example No. 1 except that the dispersion of curing agent was added after the latex and before the second addition of aluminum sulphate.
  • curing agents such as antioxidants, activators, sulphur and accelerators in the form of dispersions may be added-but if so should be added before the second addition of coagulant.
  • the solids are 52.4% of the total.
  • a pigment, carbon black (P-3 3) was added to the pulp in a dispersion immediately after the addition of the latex and curing agent but before the second addition of aluminum sulphate.
  • Such pigments are added for a variety of reasons such as to impart color or to increase the tensile strength of the sheet material made from the pulp. If a pigment is to be incorporated it may be mixed with the emulsion or latex or added separately in a dispersion. If added separately it must be added before the second addition of coagulant.
  • the percentage of added solids in Example No. 3 is approximately 51.8% of the total weight.
  • the amount of added solids is 51.6% of the total weight.
  • P-33 is carbon black.
  • "Acrawax C. is the trade name for a wax sold by Glycol Products Co. of New York. It is added in dispersion in the same manner as a pigment and increases the water resistance of the finished product.
  • the latex of vinyl chloride is that sold by B. F. Goodrich Co. under its trade-mark Geon; it is type PX-8.
  • the latex was diluted to 2% to 3% solids. This is an example of an added thermoplastic type resin, which constituted 50% not the weight of the finished product.
  • the improvement. which .consistsin providing an aqueous slurry containing not .more than about 2% of fiber, subjecting .the slurry continuously to rapid, turbulent mass. agitation by bubbling .upwardly therethrough a gas whereby the fibers are continuously disperscdbythe expanding gas bubbling'therethrough, and slowly adding to the ebullient slurry a coating material in the form of an emulsion whereby the dispersed fibers are uniformly coated with the coating material.
  • the process of coating fibers with emulsifiable material which comprises providing a dilute aqueous slurry of the fibers with the fiber content of .the slurry being not more than.2% by weight, subjecting the slurry continuously .to rapid, turbulent massagitationby bubbling upwardly therethrough a gas wherebythe'fibersare continuously dispersed by the expanding gas bubbling therethrough, and slowly adding to the ebullient slurry in the form of an emulsion a coating material selected from a group comprising natural and synthetic rubber, thermoplastic and thermosetting resins, waxes and oils, and in which the emulsion contains from about 2 to 10% solid material, said coating material being effectively dispersed throughout the slurry by said ebullient gas agitation whereby the dispersed fibers are uniformly coated with the coating material.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
US51294A 1948-09-25 1948-09-25 Process of coating fibers with gas agitation Expired - Lifetime US2676099A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US51294A US2676099A (en) 1948-09-25 1948-09-25 Process of coating fibers with gas agitation

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US51294A US2676099A (en) 1948-09-25 1948-09-25 Process of coating fibers with gas agitation
GB6614/54A GB759071A (en) 1954-03-06 1954-03-06 Improvements in or relating to coating fibres in aqueous suspensions

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2676099A true US2676099A (en) 1954-04-20

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ID=9817666

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US51294A Expired - Lifetime US2676099A (en) 1948-09-25 1948-09-25 Process of coating fibers with gas agitation

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US2676099A (show.php)
BE (1) BE527761A (show.php)
DE (1) DE1103122B (show.php)
FR (1) FR1097751A (show.php)
GB (1) GB759071A (show.php)
NL (1) NL88166C (show.php)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2868641A (en) * 1956-07-20 1959-01-13 Armstrong Cork Co Beater saturated sheets having increased strength
US2884060A (en) * 1954-04-16 1959-04-28 Farnam Co F D Method for preparing a novel cork composition and products produced thereby
US2905583A (en) * 1955-05-02 1959-09-22 Armstrong Cork Co Decorative felted fibrous sheet
US3082145A (en) * 1960-03-24 1963-03-19 Farnam Co F D Process for preparing cork and fiber compositions
US3668195A (en) * 1967-10-20 1972-06-06 Goodrich Co B F Process for producing fibrids from latex foam
US20070075505A1 (en) * 2005-09-29 2007-04-05 Nichias Corporation Sheet-like gasket and process for manufacturing same
US20130341874A1 (en) * 2012-06-26 2013-12-26 Garlock Sealing Technologies Llc Gasket Material, Gaskets, and Related Methods

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL123046C (show.php) * 1962-11-26
US4445970A (en) * 1980-10-22 1984-05-01 Penntech Papers, Inc. High mineral composite fine paper

Citations (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US981098A (en) * 1910-08-10 1911-01-10 Jasper A Mccaskell Agitator.
US1502686A (en) * 1922-11-01 1924-07-29 Vultex Ltd Manufacture of paper and other fibrous compositions
US1607519A (en) * 1926-04-21 1926-11-16 Ellis Foster Co Paper product and process of making same
US1673047A (en) * 1928-06-12 Method of and apparatus for forming fibrous-pulp receptacles
US1971852A (en) * 1931-06-03 1934-08-28 Firm G Polysius Ag Process for stirring up farinaceous materials in receptacles of any kind by compressed air, compressed gas, or the like
US2067876A (en) * 1934-07-12 1937-01-12 United States Gypsum Co Method of incorporating special materials with paper stock
US2107390A (en) * 1935-12-13 1938-02-08 John A Rosmait Apparatus for and method of agitating pulp stock
US2112562A (en) * 1934-08-20 1938-03-29 Gardner Richardson Co Process of deinking paper
US2125913A (en) * 1936-03-04 1938-08-09 Goebels Paul Method and apparatus for mixing finely divided material
US2135261A (en) * 1936-05-11 1938-11-01 John A Rosfmait Pulp stock agitating apparatus
US2186609A (en) * 1937-05-05 1940-01-09 Paper Chemistry Inst Method of removing wax from waxed paper stock
US2200622A (en) * 1936-08-19 1940-05-14 Pierre R Hines Deinking of printed paper
US2219781A (en) * 1940-10-29 Process for demkmg imprinted
US2288832A (en) * 1937-08-31 1942-07-07 Rca Corp Fibrous acoustic diaphragm
US2330084A (en) * 1939-06-08 1943-09-21 Scott Walter Fiber-rubber composition
US2375245A (en) * 1941-08-25 1945-05-08 Paul W Pretzel Manufacture of rubberized fibers and sheets
US2411066A (en) * 1939-09-26 1946-11-12 Stevens Leslie Manufacture of deposited paper products
US2414833A (en) * 1944-05-09 1947-01-28 C H Dexter & Sons Inc Thermoplastic paper and process of preparing the same
US2492702A (en) * 1938-07-08 1949-12-27 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Process of sizing paper and product
US2563897A (en) * 1945-07-13 1951-08-14 American Cyanamid Co Sizing cellulosic fibers with cationic melamine resin and hydrophobic material
US2601671A (en) * 1946-10-23 1952-06-24 American Cyanamid Co Resin-impregnated leather board

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE235821C (show.php) * 1910-10-11
DE426895C (de) * 1922-11-01 1926-03-20 Vultex Ltd Verfahren zur Herstellung kautschukhaltiger Fasermassen
DE400525C (de) * 1922-12-07 1924-08-12 Kurt Pelikan Dr Verfahren zur Herstellung von Kautschukpapier
DE396676C (de) * 1923-07-17 1924-06-06 Plauson S Forschungsinstitut G Verfahren zum Mahlen, Leimen, Faerben und Fuellen von Papierstoff
US1992589A (en) * 1931-04-17 1935-02-26 Dewey And Almy Chem Comp Organic fiber and method of preparing same
US2635045A (en) * 1948-04-21 1953-04-14 Riegel Paper Corp Making elastomer containing paper

Patent Citations (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2219781A (en) * 1940-10-29 Process for demkmg imprinted
US1673047A (en) * 1928-06-12 Method of and apparatus for forming fibrous-pulp receptacles
US981098A (en) * 1910-08-10 1911-01-10 Jasper A Mccaskell Agitator.
US1502686A (en) * 1922-11-01 1924-07-29 Vultex Ltd Manufacture of paper and other fibrous compositions
US1607519A (en) * 1926-04-21 1926-11-16 Ellis Foster Co Paper product and process of making same
US1971852A (en) * 1931-06-03 1934-08-28 Firm G Polysius Ag Process for stirring up farinaceous materials in receptacles of any kind by compressed air, compressed gas, or the like
US2067876A (en) * 1934-07-12 1937-01-12 United States Gypsum Co Method of incorporating special materials with paper stock
US2112562A (en) * 1934-08-20 1938-03-29 Gardner Richardson Co Process of deinking paper
US2107390A (en) * 1935-12-13 1938-02-08 John A Rosmait Apparatus for and method of agitating pulp stock
US2125913A (en) * 1936-03-04 1938-08-09 Goebels Paul Method and apparatus for mixing finely divided material
US2135261A (en) * 1936-05-11 1938-11-01 John A Rosfmait Pulp stock agitating apparatus
US2200622A (en) * 1936-08-19 1940-05-14 Pierre R Hines Deinking of printed paper
US2186609A (en) * 1937-05-05 1940-01-09 Paper Chemistry Inst Method of removing wax from waxed paper stock
US2288832A (en) * 1937-08-31 1942-07-07 Rca Corp Fibrous acoustic diaphragm
US2492702A (en) * 1938-07-08 1949-12-27 Gen Aniline & Film Corp Process of sizing paper and product
US2330084A (en) * 1939-06-08 1943-09-21 Scott Walter Fiber-rubber composition
US2411066A (en) * 1939-09-26 1946-11-12 Stevens Leslie Manufacture of deposited paper products
US2375245A (en) * 1941-08-25 1945-05-08 Paul W Pretzel Manufacture of rubberized fibers and sheets
US2414833A (en) * 1944-05-09 1947-01-28 C H Dexter & Sons Inc Thermoplastic paper and process of preparing the same
US2563897A (en) * 1945-07-13 1951-08-14 American Cyanamid Co Sizing cellulosic fibers with cationic melamine resin and hydrophobic material
US2601671A (en) * 1946-10-23 1952-06-24 American Cyanamid Co Resin-impregnated leather board

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2884060A (en) * 1954-04-16 1959-04-28 Farnam Co F D Method for preparing a novel cork composition and products produced thereby
US2905583A (en) * 1955-05-02 1959-09-22 Armstrong Cork Co Decorative felted fibrous sheet
US2868641A (en) * 1956-07-20 1959-01-13 Armstrong Cork Co Beater saturated sheets having increased strength
US3082145A (en) * 1960-03-24 1963-03-19 Farnam Co F D Process for preparing cork and fiber compositions
US3668195A (en) * 1967-10-20 1972-06-06 Goodrich Co B F Process for producing fibrids from latex foam
US20070075505A1 (en) * 2005-09-29 2007-04-05 Nichias Corporation Sheet-like gasket and process for manufacturing same
US20130341874A1 (en) * 2012-06-26 2013-12-26 Garlock Sealing Technologies Llc Gasket Material, Gaskets, and Related Methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB759071A (en) 1956-10-10
BE527761A (show.php) 1956-12-07
FR1097751A (fr) 1955-07-11
NL88166C (show.php) 1958-05-16
DE1103122B (de) 1961-03-23

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