US2674789A - Method of cladding magnesium-lithium base alloys - Google Patents
Method of cladding magnesium-lithium base alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2674789A US2674789A US46547A US4654748A US2674789A US 2674789 A US2674789 A US 2674789A US 46547 A US46547 A US 46547A US 4654748 A US4654748 A US 4654748A US 2674789 A US2674789 A US 2674789A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- plates
- magnesium
- cladding
- lithium base
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12729—Group IIA metal-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12951—Fe-base component
- Y10T428/12972—Containing 0.01-1.7% carbon [i.e., steel]
- Y10T428/12979—Containing more than 10% nonferrous elements [e.g., high alloy, stainless]
Definitions
- This invention relates to the cladding of magnesium-lithium base alloys and has for its object the provision of an improved method of cladding.
- My invention is based upon my discovery of a critical cladding temperature for cladding magnesium-lithium base alloys with another metal such as a corrosion-resistant metal or alloy.
- magnesium-lithium base alloys suitable as base metal to be clad are described in the application of Alfred C. Loonam, Serial Number 602,171 issued as Patent No. 2,453,444 on November 9, 1948, and the applications of Alfred H. Hesse, Serial Numbers 616,160, 616,161 and 781,253.
- metals which have been found suitable for cladding over the magnesium-lithium base alloys are 2-S aluminum, stainless steel and binary alloys of magnesium and lithium wherein the ratio of magnesium to lithium is about 8:1.
- Other corrosion resistant metals or alloys can be used as cladding metal.
- I effect a permanent inter-metallic bonding of the magnesium-lithium base alloy to the cladding metal by rolling the metals together while at a temperature within the critical range of 550 F. to
- the plates or sheets which are to be bonded together are thoroughly cleansed of all surface contaminants and impurities. This may be accomplished in any convenient manner as by abrading with steel wool or washing with alcohol or xylene or some suitable solvent.
- the cleansed surfaces of the plates or sheets are placed in adjacent position and the plates are attached together before heating.
- the sheets or plates must be held together so as to prevent lateral separation during the initial rolling pass. This may be accomplished by spot welding in the case of sheets, or by tack welding at the corners of plates, or by other suitable methods.
- the attached assembly of plates is then heated to a temperature within the critical temperature range, preferably within the range 2 of 6501 to 750 F., and rolled while at such temperature.
- Example 1 Two pieces of the 8.1 Mg/Li. binary alloy approximately 4"x 5'' x 0.015? were clad on both sides of a 4" x 5" x 0.180" piece of the 6 Mg/Li- 15% C'd-5% Ag high-strength alloy.
- the plates were cleaned by rubbing with steel wool until the visible'oxide was removed. They were then tacked together by a number of spot welds around the periphery in order to prevent lateral separation. of the plates during the first rolling pass.
- the assembled plates (0.210" total thickness) were next heated for several minutes at 700 F. and hot rolled one 50% reduction pass at this temperature. The pieces adhered. They were reheated at 700 F. for several minutes and given a, second 50% reduction pass at this tem perature. After this treatment the assembly (now 0.043" total thickness) was so well bonded that the pieces could not be separated even under the severest deformation.
- Example 2 Two pieces of 2-8 aluminum (commercially pure aluminum) approximately 4 x 5" x 0.025 were clad on both sides of a 4" x 5" x 0.255" piece of the 6 Mg/Li-15% Cd-5% Ag highstrength alloy. The plates were cleaned by rubbing with steel wool until the visible oxide was removed. They were then tacked together by several spot welds at each end in order to prevent lateral separation of the plates during the first rolling pass. The assembled plates (0.305" total thickness) were next heated for several minutes at 750 F. and hot rolled one reduction pass at this temperature. The pieces adhered. They were then reheated for several minutes at 750 F. and given a second 60% reduction pass at this temperature. They were then reheated for several minutes at 750 F. and given a 30% reduction pass at this temperature. After this treatment the assembly (now 0.043" total thickness) was so well bonded that the pieces could not be separated even under the severest deformation.
- Example 3 One piece of stainless steel approximately 1" x 3" x 0.030 was clad on one side of a 1" x 3" x 0.100" piece of the 6 Mg/-Li-15% Col-5% Ag alloy. The plates were cleaned by rubbing with steel wool. They were then tacked together by several spot welds at the ends in order to Example 4 Two pieces of the 8.1 Mg/Li binary alloy, approximately 4" x 5" x 0.023", were clad on both sides of a 4" x 5" x 0.255 piece of the Mg/Li-% Cd-5% Ag high-strength alloy. The plates were cleaned as described in the preceding examples. They were then tacked together by several spot welds at each end to prevent'lateral separation of the plates during the first rolling pass. The assembled plates (0.301" total thickness) were then heated for several minutes at 650 F. and hot rolled one 50% reduction pass.
- the 8.1 Mg/Li binary is not notch sensitive while the high-strength base material is very much notch sensitive. It has been found that the notch sensitivity of the clad article is considerably superior to that of the unclad base material.
- the improvement which comprises heating the metals so fastened together to a temperature within the range of 7 650 F. to 750 F., rolling the metals while at such temperature to efiect a reduction in thickness of at least in the first pass, reheating the clad metals to a temperature within said range, and further reducing the thickness by at least 10% in at least one pass.
Description
Patented Apr. 13, 1954 METHOD OF CLADDING MAGNESIUM- LITHIUM BASE ALLOYS Paul D. Frost, Columbus, Ohio, assignor, by mesne assignments, to Mathieson Chemical Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Virginia No Drawing. Application August 27, 1948, Serial No. 46,547
1 Claim. 1
This invention relates to the cladding of magnesium-lithium base alloys and has for its object the provision of an improved method of cladding. My invention is based upon my discovery of a critical cladding temperature for cladding magnesium-lithium base alloys with another metal such as a corrosion-resistant metal or alloy.
Examples of magnesium-lithium base alloys suitable as base metal to be clad are described in the application of Alfred C. Loonam, Serial Number 602,171 issued as Patent No. 2,453,444 on November 9, 1948, and the applications of Alfred H. Hesse, Serial Numbers 616,160, 616,161 and 781,253. Examples of metals which have been found suitable for cladding over the magnesium-lithium base alloys are 2-S aluminum, stainless steel and binary alloys of magnesium and lithium wherein the ratio of magnesium to lithium is about 8:1. Other corrosion resistant metals or alloys can be used as cladding metal.
In accordance with my invention, I effect a permanent inter-metallic bonding of the magnesium-lithium base alloy to the cladding metal by rolling the metals together while at a temperature within the critical range of 550 F. to
800 F. and advantageously within the preferred range of 650 F. to 750 F. I prefer to effect a material reduction in thickness, say, from 40% to 75%, during the initial pass through the rolls, to reheat the metal to a temperature within the critical range, and then to pass the metal through the rolls for further reductions in thickness of 10% or more. The rolling at the critical temperature results in a good adhering bond. Further reduction in thickness by rolling may be made if desired.
It is important that the bonding surfaces of the two metals be suitably prepared before rolling. To this end, the plates or sheets which are to be bonded together are thoroughly cleansed of all surface contaminants and impurities. This may be accomplished in any convenient manner as by abrading with steel wool or washing with alcohol or xylene or some suitable solvent. The cleansed surfaces of the plates or sheets are placed in adjacent position and the plates are attached together before heating. The sheets or plates must be held together so as to prevent lateral separation during the initial rolling pass. This may be accomplished by spot welding in the case of sheets, or by tack welding at the corners of plates, or by other suitable methods. The attached assembly of plates is then heated to a temperature within the critical temperature range, preferably within the range 2 of 6501 to 750 F., and rolled while at such temperature.
The following examples illustrate a method of my invention:
Example 1 Two pieces of the 8.1 Mg/Li. binary alloy approximately 4"x 5'' x 0.015? were clad on both sides of a 4" x 5" x 0.180" piece of the 6 Mg/Li- 15% C'd-5% Ag high-strength alloy. The plates were cleaned by rubbing with steel wool until the visible'oxide was removed. They were then tacked together by a number of spot welds around the periphery in order to prevent lateral separation. of the plates during the first rolling pass. The assembled plates (0.210" total thickness) were next heated for several minutes at 700 F. and hot rolled one 50% reduction pass at this temperature. The pieces adhered. They were reheated at 700 F. for several minutes and given a, second 50% reduction pass at this tem perature. After this treatment the assembly (now 0.043" total thickness) was so well bonded that the pieces could not be separated even under the severest deformation.
Example 2 Two pieces of 2-8 aluminum (commercially pure aluminum) approximately 4 x 5" x 0.025 were clad on both sides of a 4" x 5" x 0.255" piece of the 6 Mg/Li-15% Cd-5% Ag highstrength alloy. The plates were cleaned by rubbing with steel wool until the visible oxide was removed. They were then tacked together by several spot welds at each end in order to prevent lateral separation of the plates during the first rolling pass. The assembled plates (0.305" total thickness) were next heated for several minutes at 750 F. and hot rolled one reduction pass at this temperature. The pieces adhered. They were then reheated for several minutes at 750 F. and given a second 60% reduction pass at this temperature. They were then reheated for several minutes at 750 F. and given a 30% reduction pass at this temperature. After this treatment the assembly (now 0.043" total thickness) was so well bonded that the pieces could not be separated even under the severest deformation.
Example 3 One piece of stainless steel approximately 1" x 3" x 0.030 was clad on one side of a 1" x 3" x 0.100" piece of the 6 Mg/-Li-15% Col-5% Ag alloy. The plates were cleaned by rubbing with steel wool. They were then tacked together by several spot welds at the ends in order to Example 4 Two pieces of the 8.1 Mg/Li binary alloy, approximately 4" x 5" x 0.023", were clad on both sides of a 4" x 5" x 0.255 piece of the Mg/Li-% Cd-5% Ag high-strength alloy. The plates were cleaned as described in the preceding examples. They were then tacked together by several spot welds at each end to prevent'lateral separation of the plates during the first rolling pass. The assembled plates (0.301" total thickness) were then heated for several minutes at 650 F. and hot rolled one 50% reduction pass.
Subsequent passes reduced the thickness by 42%, 48%, and 11% respectively. The assembly was heated for several minutes at 650 F. between each pass. The final well-bonded assembly had a thickness of 0.040".
The 8.1 Mg/Li binary is not notch sensitive while the high-strength base material is very much notch sensitive. It has been found that the notch sensitivity of the clad article is considerably superior to that of the unclad base material.
I claim:
In a method of cladding stainless steel to a 6 to 1 magnesium-lithium base alloy wherein the bonding surfaces of the metals are cleaned and the edges of the metals fastened together during heating and rolling, the improvement which comprises heating the metals so fastened together to a temperature within the range of 7 650 F. to 750 F., rolling the metals while at such temperature to efiect a reduction in thickness of at least in the first pass, reheating the clad metals to a temperature within said range, and further reducing the thickness by at least 10% in at least one pass.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,011,613 Brown Aug. 20, 1935 2,221,251 McDonald Nov. 12, 1940 2,221,255 McDonald Nov. 12, 1940 2,366,168 Bakarian Jan. 2, 1945 2,366,185 Diehl Jan. 2, 1945 2,453,444 Loonam Nov. 9, 1948 2,478,478 Grebe Aug. 9, 1949 2,481,962 Whitfield Sept. 13, 1949 2,490,978 Osterheld Oct. 13, 1949 OTHER REFERENCES Article, The Lithium-Magnesium Diagram, pp. 319-332, by Henry et al. Institute of Metals- Div. Aime, vol. III, 1934.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US46547A US2674789A (en) | 1948-08-27 | 1948-08-27 | Method of cladding magnesium-lithium base alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US46547A US2674789A (en) | 1948-08-27 | 1948-08-27 | Method of cladding magnesium-lithium base alloys |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2674789A true US2674789A (en) | 1954-04-13 |
Family
ID=21944027
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US46547A Expired - Lifetime US2674789A (en) | 1948-08-27 | 1948-08-27 | Method of cladding magnesium-lithium base alloys |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2674789A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2809422A (en) * | 1954-05-21 | 1957-10-15 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making a composite article |
Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2011613A (en) * | 1934-10-06 | 1935-08-20 | Magnesium Dev Corp | Magnesium duplex metal |
US2221255A (en) * | 1939-11-13 | 1940-11-12 | Dow Chemical Co | Magnesium base alloy |
US2221251A (en) * | 1939-11-13 | 1940-11-12 | Dow Chemical Co | Magnesium base alloy |
US2366168A (en) * | 1942-05-02 | 1945-01-02 | Dow Chemical Co | Bonding magnesium-alloy sheets |
US2366185A (en) * | 1942-05-04 | 1945-01-02 | Dow Chemical Co | Rolling composite magnesium-base alloy sheets |
US2453444A (en) * | 1945-06-28 | 1948-11-09 | Olin Mathieson | Magnesium base lithium alloys |
US2478478A (en) * | 1947-02-03 | 1949-08-09 | Dow Chemical Co | Potential gradient anode for galvanic protection |
US2481962A (en) * | 1944-02-29 | 1949-09-13 | Fairchild Engie And Airplane C | Manufacture of laminated articles |
US2490978A (en) * | 1944-03-20 | 1949-12-13 | Mcgraw Electric Co | Corrosion prevention |
-
1948
- 1948-08-27 US US46547A patent/US2674789A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2011613A (en) * | 1934-10-06 | 1935-08-20 | Magnesium Dev Corp | Magnesium duplex metal |
US2221255A (en) * | 1939-11-13 | 1940-11-12 | Dow Chemical Co | Magnesium base alloy |
US2221251A (en) * | 1939-11-13 | 1940-11-12 | Dow Chemical Co | Magnesium base alloy |
US2366168A (en) * | 1942-05-02 | 1945-01-02 | Dow Chemical Co | Bonding magnesium-alloy sheets |
US2366185A (en) * | 1942-05-04 | 1945-01-02 | Dow Chemical Co | Rolling composite magnesium-base alloy sheets |
US2481962A (en) * | 1944-02-29 | 1949-09-13 | Fairchild Engie And Airplane C | Manufacture of laminated articles |
US2490978A (en) * | 1944-03-20 | 1949-12-13 | Mcgraw Electric Co | Corrosion prevention |
US2453444A (en) * | 1945-06-28 | 1948-11-09 | Olin Mathieson | Magnesium base lithium alloys |
US2478478A (en) * | 1947-02-03 | 1949-08-09 | Dow Chemical Co | Potential gradient anode for galvanic protection |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2809422A (en) * | 1954-05-21 | 1957-10-15 | Gen Motors Corp | Method of making a composite article |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2786265A (en) | Process of producing composite metal products | |
US3912152A (en) | Method for cladding a ferrous substrate with non-ferrous metals | |
US2366168A (en) | Bonding magnesium-alloy sheets | |
GB996206A (en) | Composite product | |
US3359142A (en) | Bonding aluminum to titanium and heat treating the composite | |
US2445858A (en) | Laminated structure | |
US3350772A (en) | Methods of cladding stainless steel to aluminum | |
US3222775A (en) | Method of bonding sheets of metal | |
US2674789A (en) | Method of cladding magnesium-lithium base alloys | |
US2366185A (en) | Rolling composite magnesium-base alloy sheets | |
US2651835A (en) | Clad magnesium base alloys | |
US3966506A (en) | Aluminum alloy sheet and process therefor | |
US3284891A (en) | Method of bonding sheets of metal | |
GB985282A (en) | Composite materials for use in soldering, brazing and the like | |
US3832147A (en) | Composite article comprising three dissimilar metals | |
US3300836A (en) | Method of making bimetallic bearing material | |
US3290129A (en) | Ferrous sheet faced with aluminum | |
US3070881A (en) | Rolling of titanium base alloys | |
JPS58505B2 (en) | Aluminum alloy that does not easily lose strength even when heated in a vacuum or low pressure atmosphere | |
US3302280A (en) | Methods of bonding secondary materials to beryllium-copper | |
US3377145A (en) | Enamelled aluminum composite base | |
GB1040057A (en) | Composite steel article | |
GB762817A (en) | Preparation of composite aluminium coated steel sheets or strips | |
JPS5992186A (en) | Production of metal clad steel plate | |
GB537404A (en) | Improvements in or relating to copper base alloys |