US2671505A - Crude oil burner - Google Patents

Description

March 9, 1954 A. DEKKER 2,671,505

CRUDE OIL BURNER Filed March 24, 1948 Ill] INVENTOR, W

Patented Mar. 9, 1 954 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CRUDE OIL BURNER Arien Dekker, Fynaart, Netherlands Application March 24, 1948, Serial No. 19,842

3 Claims.

This invention relates to crude-oil burners, especially for ranges, stoves, furnaces, water heaters and other domestic appliances of the type that will be operated by natural draft Without the use of motors and other moving parts, and is an improvement upon the burner shown and described in my Patent No. 2,367,460.

An object of the invention is to provide an efficient and compact structure, that may be manufactured and used economically. A further object is to provide a burner of this type that will not be liable to be choked up by a deposit in consequence of bad combustion.

Other objects will become apparent as the invention is more fully set forth.

In order to illustrate an embodiment of this invention, reference is made to the following description and the appended drawings in which:

Fig. I is a vertical section of the burner, Fig. II a view of the slots in the air regulator, Fig. III a view of the overflow of the evaporation pan.

The present burner has an ascending inclination of the oil-gas outlet slit 3 lying between an inclined baffle plate fixed to or united with the wall ID of the burner and an inclined part of the bottom of the cover 8. Said gas outlet slit communicates with a vertical annular space between the wall Ill and the cover 8 but as the cover 8 of the evaporation pan I gets a higher temperature than said pan it expands more and closes the vertical annular space when used in burners with a bigger diameter and when burning at full load so that the gas cannot flow through said slit and dangerous pressures may be built up in the covered annular vaporizing pan I. The inclined part of the bottom of the cover 8 has rib 43 at its underside supporting said cover upon the baffle plate by which the narrowing or closing of the gas-outlet slit 3 is prevented. Since the vertical annular space does not serve as a gas-outlet slit as in the patent referred to, said annular space may have such dimensions that it can never be closed. The lower pan or residue combustion chamber I"! has a hollow upstanding column I8 on its bottom communicating through an opening in said bottom and through a hole I9 in the protection base 20 with the atmosphere so that combustion air enters into the column I8 from where it passes through the holes 34 into an annular space 9 confined by said hollow column I8 and a cylindrical extension of the cover so that flames are formed at the apertures burning clean said cylindrical extension of the cover and thereby preventing the choking up of said annular space.

The wall I0 may have a band I2 with sloping slots I3 and pins I4 for moving the hand up and downwards and closing or opening air holes II so that all rows of air holes II are open when an associated cock is full open and one or more rows of holes are closed when the cock is nearly closed. The overflow 22 of the evaporation pan I is connected with the oil supply pipe before the oil-lock 2| whereby air is prevented from flowing into the pan through its overflow. The gas-outlet slit 3 may be provided with ribs 43 thereby compelling the gas to pass through slots between said ribs. The residue outlet consists of a hole 5 in a bottom part of the evaporizing pan. The underside of said part around said hole 5 tapers downwards and upwards to the edge of said hole from all sides so that combustion air through an air inlet 25 may reach the surface of the bottom behind said hole thereby avoiding the formation of coke behind said hole and its choking up.

The operation of the burner is substantially as follows:

The burner is pressed by means of a suitable support against the flame inlet pipe 4| of the cooking range, stove or geyser or the like, which is connected with a chimney.

The pan I is raised from the lower pan I! by turning the handle 29 of the protection base 20 connected with the pan I I which has slanting notches in which slanting cams at the bottom of pan I slide thereby lifting pan I from pan I1 and obtaining suflicient space to throw a burning match into the thin layer of oil, which has flowed through the oil pipe 23, the oil lock 2|, the hole 33, the pan I and the residue hole 5 onto the bottom of the lower pan IT. The flame rises through the hole 9 between the gasifying pan and the column I8 heating the bottom 2 of the pan I and its cover 8 with the ribs 35 and the column I8 on its way to the appliance which is to be heated.

The column I8 transmits its heat to the bottom of the lower pan I'I causing such a rapid production of gas that gas flames pass outside the burner and back into the gas combustion chamber 6 through the holes I I and heat the wall ID of the pan I, the ribs 36 and the surface 31 of the cover 8. Soon the gasifycation of the oil in the pan I becomes so great that the gas escapes through the gas-outlet slit 3 and is ignited by the flame from the residue combustion chamber I. In the meantime this flame has begun to heat the appliance. The gas flame, which is the hot-economical flame and the principal one, touches the ribs 36 and the upper surface 31 of the cover 8, obtaining its combustion air through the holes I I. Soon the easifying reaches its maximum and very little residue passes through the hole 5 into the residue combustion chamber 1. When flames no longer pass to the outside from the residue combustion chamber l, the handle 29 is turned back and the pan I again fits close on the lower pan ll, combustion air passing only through the small slots 25.

The inclining gas-outlet slit enables deposits in the slit to flow into the pan 1 thereby preventing choking -up of said slit like the vertical slit does.

I claim:

1. In a crude oil burner with two separatercombustion chambers, one for burning the oil-gas. from a vaporizing pan and another :for :burning the residue, the heavy non-vaporizedpaiits ,of ,the oil, and for heating said vaporizing pan in order to maintain the vaporizing of the oil in said ipan, when heavier oils than kerosene are used, the

combination of an annular-vaporizi gill nvwhich has a sloping-bottom and is= closedby-,an; annular cover except for an oil-gas outlet communicating with an oil-gas combustion chamberrabove .the cover of the vaporizi g pan, said chamber being provided with holes in its well for-the supply of combustion air, an oil-supply Eat the *toppf the sloping bottom of the vaporizing pan, a r,esidue outlet opening in the lowest partof said bottom, a separate residue combustion chamber under said residue outlet opening and concentrically with the'vaporizing pan-which,chambeiyhas holes -in its wall for the .supplyof combustion air :for

burning the residue,-,the'flame ,of which heats the panand its cover,,a ;few rows oiair'holes opposite the inner ,walls of the vaporizing pan -,and its cover, said, holes ,beingsitua-ted :in he wall ;,of a hollow columnon the bottom of-the residue combustion-chamber, the top of said column'being substantially closed and the bottom communieatin with theatmosphere \vhere y-sma1kfi m s are formed at the end of said holes, whichfiames touch said innerwalls, burn them clean, and .pre-

.vent the :formation of deposit on said walls thereby eliminating the choking ,up of the .annular hole formed by .said inner .walls and the .column, said hole being :the communication of the separate residue combustion chamber with the chimney.

2. In a crude oil burner with: two separate combustion chambers,.one for burning the oilegas from a vaporizinglpan and another for burning 'the residue, the .heavy non-evaporated parts of theoil, andfor heating said vaporizing pan in order to maintainthe vaporizing of the oil in saidpan, when heavier oils than kerosene are used, the combination of an annular vaporizing pan, which has a sloping bottom and-is closed by an annular cover except fora slit-shaped oilgas outlet communicating with a vertical annular space formed by the outer wall of said annular cover and the wall of the burner, said annular vertical space communicating with an oil-gas combustion chamber above the cover of the vaporizing pan, said slit-shaped outlet having an ascending inclination and ribs at one of its walls and inside the slit so that it never can be closed or ;nearly closed by expansion of the annular cover, said vertical annular space communicating with an oil-gas combustion chamber above the .cover of the vaporizing pan, said chamber bensrrovided with holes in its wall for the supply of combustion air, an oil-supply at the top of the sloping :bottom of the vaporizing pan, a residue outlet openin in the lowest part of said bottom, a separate residue combustion chamber under .said ,residue outlet opening and concentrically with the vaporizing pan, which chamber has holesinits wall for the supplyof combustion air for burning the residue, the flame of whighheats the pan and its cover.

a crude il bu n twithtw se aratacombustion chambers one for burning the ;oi1-;gas .from a v po z pa n a o he 10 ur in the residue,-the heavy non-vaporizedmarts;of-;the

,oil, and for heating said vaporizingpandn order bottom around said residue opening tapering downwards andtowards the edge-of said opening from all sides, a separate ,residue combustion chamber under the residue outletiopening and concentrically with the vaporizing pan, which chamber has ,holes initswall for the supply of combustion airforburning the. residue, the flame of which heats the panand its cover.

References Cited in the file of thispatent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,635,836 Grotenhuis July 12, .1927 1,881,687 Kraft et al. rO ct. :11, 1932 2,263,737 'Miller et al. 1N0V.25, 1941 2,367,460 Dekker Jan. .16, 1945 2,469,135 Stone 'May 3,1949

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