US2669002A - Process for setting wool fabrics - Google Patents
Process for setting wool fabrics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2669002A US2669002A US217292A US21729251A US2669002A US 2669002 A US2669002 A US 2669002A US 217292 A US217292 A US 217292A US 21729251 A US21729251 A US 21729251A US 2669002 A US2669002 A US 2669002A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- fabric
- setting
- wool fabrics
- impregnating
- tension
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 title description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010001 crabbing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000000254 Agrostemma githago Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009899 Agrostemma githago Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical class N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004934 Dacron® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001416177 Vicugna pacos Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008366 buffered solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000050 mohair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with hydrogen, water or heavy water; with hydrides of metals or complexes thereof; with boranes, diboranes, silanes, disilanes, phosphines, diphosphines, stibines, distibines, arsines, or diarsines or complexes thereof
- D06M11/05—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with hydrogen, water or heavy water; with hydrides of metals or complexes thereof; with boranes, diboranes, silanes, disilanes, phosphines, diphosphines, stibines, distibines, arsines, or diarsines or complexes thereof with water, e.g. steam; with heavy water
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/001—Treatment with visible light, infrared or ultraviolet, X-rays
Definitions
- This invention relates to a continuous -process for the permanent setting of wool fabrics, by which we mean fabrics of all wool or of mixtures of Wool, mohair, alpaca, etc.. ,with nylon, regenerated cellulose, cellulose acetate, Vicara, Fiber V (now known as Dacron), Orlon, etc.
- permanent setting we mean resistant to boiling water for at least 1 hour as in subsequent dyeing and to steaming as in pressing.
- a principal object of the invention is to provide a continuous, rapid and inexpensive process forfrfixing in a permanent and regular manner the warp and lling threads by the removal of r201mm.4 (Citas-76) all irregular and hidden strains while the fabric l is flat, .thus preventing-the formation of cockles, crimps, creases or otherforms of uneven shrinkage at later stages of manufacture, such as mill scouring, dyeing, finishing, steaming and sponging.
- a further object is to prevent movement in the warp and filling directions in the finished cloth, which is shown by shrinkage, bubbling, or puckering when the fabric is exposed to steaming or to elevated humidity as in pressing or cleaning.
- a further object is to provide a process of this character which is readily controlled.
- a further object is to avoid the defects of the conventional batch processes.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic elevation partly in section of ,apparatus by means of which our process may be practiced, showing the part ofthe apparatus throughwhich the cloth is first passed, and
- Fig. 2 is a similar schematic elevation of the remainder of the apparatus.,V y
- the grey fabric as itis continuouslyadvanced in open width, is first impregnated with an aqueous solution of pH range 9 to 12.
- the impregnating solution may be a buffered solution such as sodium hydroxide and disodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide and boric acid, etc., or it may be a solution of an organic derivative of ammonia such as an amine.
- the open fabric 2 which has not previously been wet with water, is passed through a three-roll mangle having a tank 4 containing the impregnating solution so that the fabric is given two dips and two nips.
- the squeezed fabric retains more than 20%, and preferably about 50% to 60%, of its weight of the impregnating liquor after the final nip.
- the impregnated fabric is passed under a dancer roll 6 where the warp tension is adjusted and then fed onto a tenter at 8.
- the fabric on the tenter adjusted with tension to the proper width, is so heated throughout its thickness that steam is generated in the interior of the fabric which coacts with the liquid in the fabric to set the yarns of the fabric.
- the number or size of the lamps may be varied to give a heat input between about 15,000 and 35,000 B. t. u. per minute.
- the fabric passes out of the tenter while ⁇ still damp and containing more than 20%, preferably 20% to 25%, of its weight of the impregnating liquor.
- the fabric is then scoured in a continuousl Washer I4.
- a continuous proces's fr imparting to wool fabrics a permanent set resistant to mill scouring, dyeing, finishing, steaming and sponging which comprises continuously advancing the fabric in open Width, wetting the traveling fabric by impregnating it with an aqueous solution of pH 9 to 12, ⁇ generating steam in the interior of the wet traveling. fabric for'about 14 to 21 seconds to coact withtheliquid in the fabric to set the yarns of the fabric, while'infaintaining said fabric under warpwise and weftwise tension, discontinuing the generation of' steam ⁇ while the fabric contains more than.l 20% of the weight of the impregnating liquor, and thereafter scouring the fabric in a continuous washer.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
Feb- 15, 1954 J. N. DALTON ET AL PROCESS FOR SETTING woorJ FABRICS Filed March Patented Feb. 16, i954 a PROCESS FOR SETTING WOOL FABRICS John N. Dalton, Providence, R. I., and william B. i Kaupin, Lawrence, Mass;, assignors to Pacific Mills, Lawrence, Massi, a corporation of Massa'- chusetts Y 'Application March z3, 1951, serial No. 217,292
This invention relates to a continuous -process for the permanent setting of wool fabrics, by which we mean fabrics of all wool or of mixtures of Wool, mohair, alpaca, etc.. ,with nylon, regenerated cellulose, cellulose acetate, Vicara, Fiber V (now known as Dacron), Orlon, etc. By permanent setting we mean resistant to boiling water for at least 1 hour as in subsequent dyeing and to steaming as in pressing. l
' A principal object of the invention is to provide a continuous, rapid and inexpensive process forfrfixing in a permanent and regular manner the warp and lling threads by the removal of r201mm.4 (Citas-76) all irregular and hidden strains while the fabric l is flat, .thus preventing-the formation of cockles, crimps, creases or otherforms of uneven shrinkage at later stages of manufacture, such as mill scouring, dyeing, finishing, steaming and sponging. A further object is to prevent movement in the warp and filling directions in the finished cloth, which is shown by shrinkage, bubbling, or puckering when the fabric is exposed to steaming or to elevated humidity as in pressing or cleaning. A further object is to provide a process of this character which is readily controlled. A further object is to avoid the defects of the conventional batch processes.
The most common operation now in use for setting wool fabrics is crabbing, with or without blowing Crabbing consists in winding the fabric under tension on a roller through boiling water. By this means the cloth is set but unless the work is carefully done many defects occur. The effectiveness of the process is governed by the tension at which the cloth is wound on the roller, the temperature and time of treatment, and the composition of the crabbing liquor. It is essential that each of these factors should be accurately controlled. The tension should be uniform but not too great or the handle of the fabric will be papery; the temperature of setting should be maintained constant; and the pH of the liquor 2 renders the fabric diicult to dye and subject to listing Then blown cloth dyes differently from unsteamedcloth and it is di'icult or impossible to obtain uniform results. Our process gives a set as good as or better than crabbing and blowing, but without these defects and disadvantages` and at lower cost.
In the accompanying drawing,
Fig. 1 is a schematic elevation partly in section of ,apparatus by means of which our process may be practiced, showing the part ofthe apparatus throughwhich the cloth is first passed, and
Fig. 2 is a similar schematic elevation of the remainder of the apparatus.,V y
According to our invention, the grey fabric, as itis continuouslyadvanced in open width, is first impregnated with an aqueous solution of pH range 9 to 12. The impregnating solution may be a buffered solution such as sodium hydroxide and disodium phosphate, sodium hydroxide and boric acid, etc., or it may be a solution of an organic derivative of ammonia such as an amine.
In our preferred practice the open fabric 2, which has not previously been wet with water, is passed through a three-roll mangle having a tank 4 containing the impregnating solution so that the fabric is given two dips and two nips. The squeezed fabric retains more than 20%, and preferably about 50% to 60%, of its weight of the impregnating liquor after the final nip. The impregnated fabric is passed under a dancer roll 6 where the warp tension is adjusted and then fed onto a tenter at 8. The fabric on the tenter, adjusted with tension to the proper width, is so heated throughout its thickness that steam is generated in the interior of the fabric which coacts with the liquid in the fabric to set the yarns of the fabric.
To provide such heating we prefer to pass the fabric between banks of infra-red lamps l0, l2, over and under the traveling fabric.
For best results we use an upper bank l0 of 565 lamps and a lower bank I2 of 625 lamps, which banks are spaced 14 inches apart with the cloth in the middle. The banks are about 8 yards long on the tenter and are of su'icient width to cover the fabric, which generally is 5 feet wide. The fabric travels at a speed of 25 to 35 yards a minute and thus is maintained between the banks of lamps for from about 21 to 14 seconds. The lamps are 375 watts each, making a total of about 446 kilowatts, and providing over 25,000 B. t. u. per minute. Thus the cloth traveling at 25 yards per minute receives a heat input Blowing always lowers the tensile strength and of over 67 B. t. u. per square foot and when traveling at 35 yards per minute a heat input of over 48 B. t. u. per square foot. The number or size of the lamps may be varied to give a heat input between about 15,000 and 35,000 B. t. u. per minute.
The fabric passes out of the tenter while `still damp and containing more than 20%, preferably 20% to 25%, of its weight of the impregnating liquor.
The fabric is then scoured in a continuousl Washer I4.
Our process has many advantages in the ease' with which it may be controlled` The pH of the impregnating liquid is easy vte regulate.v The amount of pickup of such liquid can be: readily controlled. The number of lamps in the banks in the tenter may be varied aswell asthe speedA of the fabric through the tenter thereby controlling the generation of steam throughout the'f damp fabric. The dampness or moisture content of the fabric as-it comes from the tenter may likewisefbe readily controlled. Both Warp and weft tension may be independently controlled; In these particulars our process hasr great practical advantages over the batch processes for setting Wool fabrics now in use.
We claim:
1. A continuous process for imparting to Wool fabrics a permanent set resistant to-mi1l scouring, dyeing, finishing, steaming and sponging which comprises continuously advancing the fabric in open width, wetting thetraveling fabric by= impregnating it with an aqueous solution of pH 9 to 12, subjecting the wet traveling fabric from both sides for about 14 to 21 seconds to high' intensity infra-red radiation tov generatesteam in the interior of the fabric, while maintaining said fabric under Warpwise and weftwise tension, discontinuing application of infra-red radiation While the fabric contains more than 20% of its weight of the impregnating liquor, and thereafter scouring the fabric in a continuous washer.
` 2. A continuous proces's fr imparting to wool fabrics a permanent set resistant to mill scouring, dyeing, finishing, steaming and sponging which comprises continuously advancing the fabric in open Width, wetting the traveling fabric by impregnating it with an aqueous solution of pH 9 to 12,` generating steam in the interior of the wet traveling. fabric for'about 14 to 21 seconds to coact withtheliquid in the fabric to set the yarns of the fabric, while'infaintaining said fabric under warpwise and weftwise tension, discontinuing the generation of' steam `while the fabric contains more than.l 20% of the weight of the impregnating liquor, and thereafter scouring the fabric in a continuous washer. A Y
Referencesl Cited in the le of this' .patent UNITED STATES' PA'IENTS Nur'nbeny Nam 2,132,1561 Gessn'er ,cuuclsf 2,251,127 Gessner Jurylz; 1914-1 2,3'193653y Ridley July 3'; 1955 2,499,444' n11isQnf -v s Mr. 7; rq 1508x107 Block et a1 g Mayra, '1950' FOREIGN PATENTS 546,529V Great Britain Juli/173.1942
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL7211754.A NL167782B (en) | 1951-03-23 | INFORMATION INPUT DEVICE. | |
| US217292A US2669002A (en) | 1951-03-23 | 1951-03-23 | Process for setting wool fabrics |
| FR1052242D FR1052242A (en) | 1951-03-23 | 1952-03-10 | Finishing process for woolen fabrics |
| GB7372/52A GB701729A (en) | 1951-03-23 | 1952-03-21 | Improvements in or relating to the setting of fabrics |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US217292A US2669002A (en) | 1951-03-23 | 1951-03-23 | Process for setting wool fabrics |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2669002A true US2669002A (en) | 1954-02-16 |
Family
ID=22810437
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US217292A Expired - Lifetime US2669002A (en) | 1951-03-23 | 1951-03-23 | Process for setting wool fabrics |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2669002A (en) |
| FR (1) | FR1052242A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB701729A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL167782B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3006055A (en) * | 1958-02-21 | 1961-10-31 | Du Pont | Process for fulling textile fabrics |
| US3075274A (en) * | 1959-09-23 | 1963-01-29 | Appleton Mills | Method of making and finishing papermaker's felts |
| US3271220A (en) * | 1963-04-05 | 1966-09-06 | Chemotronics International Inc | Contacting fiber bonding |
| US3359060A (en) * | 1962-10-09 | 1967-12-19 | Chemstrand Ltd | Dry heat treatment included in conventional wet processing of wool-acrylonitrile blended fabrics to effect setting of acrylonitrile component |
| US4658483A (en) * | 1985-04-26 | 1987-04-21 | Baghdadi George L | Yarn shrinking method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2132156A (en) * | 1936-11-12 | 1938-10-04 | Gessner David | Method and apparatus for shrinking and drying cloth |
| US2251127A (en) * | 1938-09-12 | 1941-07-29 | Gessner David | Process of shrinking and drying cloth |
| GB546529A (en) * | 1940-12-07 | 1942-07-17 | Bleachers Ass Ltd | Improvements in the treatment of woollen fibre or textile material to reduce its tendency to shrink and felt |
| US2379653A (en) * | 1943-04-24 | 1945-07-03 | Riggs & Lombard Inc | Carbonizing cloth |
| US2499444A (en) * | 1945-08-14 | 1950-03-07 | Alexander Smith & Sons Carpet | Method of making pile yarns |
| US2608007A (en) * | 1949-12-08 | 1952-08-26 | Athletic Shoe Company | Running shoe |
-
0
- NL NL7211754.A patent/NL167782B/en unknown
-
1951
- 1951-03-23 US US217292A patent/US2669002A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1952
- 1952-03-10 FR FR1052242D patent/FR1052242A/en not_active Expired
- 1952-03-21 GB GB7372/52A patent/GB701729A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2132156A (en) * | 1936-11-12 | 1938-10-04 | Gessner David | Method and apparatus for shrinking and drying cloth |
| US2251127A (en) * | 1938-09-12 | 1941-07-29 | Gessner David | Process of shrinking and drying cloth |
| GB546529A (en) * | 1940-12-07 | 1942-07-17 | Bleachers Ass Ltd | Improvements in the treatment of woollen fibre or textile material to reduce its tendency to shrink and felt |
| US2379653A (en) * | 1943-04-24 | 1945-07-03 | Riggs & Lombard Inc | Carbonizing cloth |
| US2499444A (en) * | 1945-08-14 | 1950-03-07 | Alexander Smith & Sons Carpet | Method of making pile yarns |
| US2608007A (en) * | 1949-12-08 | 1952-08-26 | Athletic Shoe Company | Running shoe |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3006055A (en) * | 1958-02-21 | 1961-10-31 | Du Pont | Process for fulling textile fabrics |
| US3075274A (en) * | 1959-09-23 | 1963-01-29 | Appleton Mills | Method of making and finishing papermaker's felts |
| US3359060A (en) * | 1962-10-09 | 1967-12-19 | Chemstrand Ltd | Dry heat treatment included in conventional wet processing of wool-acrylonitrile blended fabrics to effect setting of acrylonitrile component |
| US3271220A (en) * | 1963-04-05 | 1966-09-06 | Chemotronics International Inc | Contacting fiber bonding |
| US4658483A (en) * | 1985-04-26 | 1987-04-21 | Baghdadi George L | Yarn shrinking method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR1052242A (en) | 1954-01-22 |
| NL167782B (en) | |
| GB701729A (en) | 1953-12-30 |
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