US2664160A - Apparatus for cutting artificial filaments into short lengths - Google Patents

Apparatus for cutting artificial filaments into short lengths Download PDF

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Publication number
US2664160A
US2664160A US23377751A US2664160A US 2664160 A US2664160 A US 2664160A US 23377751 A US23377751 A US 23377751A US 2664160 A US2664160 A US 2664160A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
filaments
blade
cutting
wheel
knife
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
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English (en)
Inventor
Speakman Raymond Holden
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2664160A publication Critical patent/US2664160A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E01B29/04—Lifting or levelling of tracks
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G1/00—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling
    • D01G1/02—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling to form staple fibres not delivered in strand form
    • D01G1/04—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling to form staple fibres not delivered in strand form by cutting
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
    • A24F—SMOKERS' REQUISITES; MATCH BOXES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES
    • A24F2700/00—Tobacco pipes; Bad-covers or accessories for smokers' pipes
    • A24F2700/03—Pipes with cooling or zigzag circulation of the smoke
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/465—Cutting motion of tool has component in direction of moving work
    • Y10T83/4766—Orbital motion of cutting blade
    • Y10T83/4795—Rotary tool
    • Y10T83/4821—Side cutting helical blade
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/465—Cutting motion of tool has component in direction of moving work
    • Y10T83/4766—Orbital motion of cutting blade
    • Y10T83/4795—Rotary tool
    • Y10T83/4824—With means to cause progressive transverse cutting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/869—Means to drive or to guide tool
    • Y10T83/8789—With simple revolving motion only
    • Y10T83/8794—Revolving tool moves through recess in work holder or cooperating tool
    • Y10T83/8795—Progressively cutting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an improved process for cutting continuous artificial filamentsinto short lengths. More particularly it relates to the production of staple fibre by cutting artificial filaments.
  • a process for cutting continuous filaments into short lengths wherein the continuous filaments are held in contact with a number of projections on a moving support so that they bridge the spaces between the proje-ctionsand are cut by at least one knife -blade mounted so that its edge can press against the filaments and s that e d nced it t n e ge I om an axis about which the blade rotates-varies along its l n th; the r t ti n of e blad in s nchronized with the movement of the moving support so that the blade makes contact with the filaments while they are bridging a Space between two projections but does not make contact with them when they are supported on a projection the point of contact'moving in the direction of movement of the filaments during the passage of the blade through the filaments.
  • the blade is so shaped that; during its contact with the filaments, its point of contact penetrates, as the blade rotates, to a progressively greater degree into the space between twoadjoining projections. In this Way, he pressure of the blade upon the filament is maintained during the period of contact betweenthern. It is also preferred that the leading edge or the blade is curved so that pressure from the-cutting edge is rapidly brought to bearupon the filament but the leading edge of the blade does notstrike the ma-- ment.
  • the knife blade is bent so that the distance of the cutting edge from the axis of rotation varies progressively along its length, for example; it maybe bent so that it has the shape of a portion of an 2 Archimedes spiral. It will be apparent that in practice it is possible to work with blades which have simpler shapes. For example, a half circular blade can be mounted slightly off centreto obtain the required effect.
  • the bend of the blade is intended to cause the cutting edgeto maintain contact with the filament for a time while' the knife slices through, i. e. the knife does not cut by virtue of a quick chop but by means of a -continuous pressure while the cutting edge slides across the filaments. 'The'shape of the blade enables it to maintain contact at the cutting point while the filaments are moving and the knife is cutting through the filaments.
  • the shape of the tuft of short lengths can be varied by varying the shape of the knives.
  • all thecut lengths will be the same and the tuft will, in section, have the shape of a parallelogram.-
  • two knives of-different shape, arranged to cut the filaments alternately a tuft may be obtained which will be a trapezium inse'ction. This means that all the lengthsin thetuft will not be the same.
  • the movement of the point 'of contact of the cutting edge of the knife with the filament should move at exactly the same speed as the filaments. This is not essential however and cannot in fact take place when knives of different shapes are used.
  • Fig.1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the apparatus.
  • Fig; 2 is a diagrammatic end elevation of the apparatus.
  • Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic vertical plan of theapparatus.
  • Fig. 4 shows one knife blade'before it is shaped.
  • Figs. 1 and '2 show the general operation of-the cutting process but do not show themet-hod for holding the filaments while they'are'being cut.
  • Fig. 3 shows the method of holding the filarnents.
  • a wheel I having a groove I0 round its cireumference' has also radial spaces Z'positioned evenly round the wheel. This wheel is adapted to be rotated in the direction indicated round the axis 3.
  • Continuous filaments 4 are fed into the circ'umferential' groove and are held firmly in this groove by a wheel I I which rotates about an axis I2 at an angle to the axis 3, and which has spring steel fingers l3 on its perimeter, which are positioned to lie in shallow grooves 5 when in contact with the wheel so that the filaments are held firmly just before, during and just after the filaments are cut, and when not in contact with the wheel are spaced therefrom to allow the continuous filaments to be fed to and the staple fibres to fall away from the apparatus.
  • Two semicircular tapered knife blades 6 and 1 are mounted on a former 8 as shown.
  • the edge ll of the blade is sharpened from point X to point Y and the leading edge of the blade [5 is rounded so that the blade leads into the space between the projections without catching or snagging the filaments and without a slashing action.
  • the general shape of the blade is tapered so that it feeds gradually into the space and cuts all the filaments by a sliding action.
  • the blade which is made of flexible steel is mounted on the former 8, of the required shape, by means of studs through the holes l6, and can thus be quickly and easily removed and replaced.
  • the former is rotated about an axis 9 at such a speed relative to the speed of the wheel I that while the space shown at position a is moving to position b, the knife blade 6 has rotated so that the whole length of the blade has passed through the space and emerges from it when the space is in position b. The next space will then be in position a and the thin end of the blade 1 will enter the space.
  • the blade may be strengthened by having some portions thicker than others, i. e. the strip of steel need not necessarily be of rectangular section.
  • the blade should be tapered.
  • portion of the blade which first contacts the filaments must be narrower than later portions, so that as the knife rotates it enters progressively further into the space, thereby slicing across the filaments held in the slot, finally severing them completely.
  • the knife in its simplest form is a piece of strip steel, but any other cutting surface may be employed, for instance the knife blade and the former may be made as one unit.
  • the bend of the blade will not usually exceed 360, and is preferably 180, it is possible that to cut thick bundles of filaments such a long cutting surface will be required that a bend of more than 360 will be necessary. It will be appreciated that the length of the blade must be such that the speed at which it rotates enables it to pass through each space and not contact the projections.
  • the method of feeding the filaments to the knife may be any of those known in the art, but a preferred method comprises the use of a wheel with symmetrically spaced radial spaces, the filaments being held in contact with the periphery of the wheel, as shown in the accompanying drawings.
  • each space at the cutting point should be as narrow as possible. Using a wheel it is sometimes necessary to expand the space as it penetrates into the wheel to allow for the change in relative angular position of the knife blade and the space walls, caused during the rotation of the wheel and blade.
  • the one feeding means may be used to supply short filament lengths of different sizes, e. g. by missing alternate spaces and thereby cutting lengths twice the length obtained by using every space.
  • the filaments must be held firmly in contact with the projections on the feeding means both before and after the cutting point, to prevent the filaments slipping. This may be done in a variety of ways. Apart from the specific method already described with reference to the drawings any modification of this method or any other known method of gripping filaments may be used which does not interfere with the action of the knife.
  • the surface on which they are held is resilient and, if possible, that they should be held in a groove.
  • the periphery at those points where the filaments are gripped should preferably be made of rubber or rubber-like material lying in the groove.
  • the apparatus of the present invention is simple in construction.
  • the main advantages are that the knife cuts with a slicing action rather than a chopping action and that the blade, which is simply a fiat piece of steel, can readily be removed for resharpening.
  • These qualities make the process particularly suitable for cutting tough artificial filaments, such as those of the synthetic linear poiyamides or highly polymerised polymethylene terephthalates, into short lengths, e. g. for use as staple fibre or brush bristles.
  • Apparatus for cutting continuous filaments into short lengths comprising a wheel, a plurality of filament confining projections extending radially from said wheel, a cutting member mounted for rotation in a plane substantially tangent to but spaced slightly from the periphery of said wheel, said cutting member having an edge section shaped in spiral form relative to the rotational axis thereof, and an elongated knife blade detachably aifixed to the spiral edge section of said cutting member and extend-1 ing toward said wheel, said knife blade bein arranged to pass between said projections and out said filaments.
  • said cutting member comprises a plurality of edge sections shaped in spiral form relative to the rotational axis thereof, and an elongated knife blade detachably amxed to each of said spiral edge sections and extending toward the wheel.
  • Apparatus for cutting continuous filaments into short lengths comprising a wheel, a plurality of filament confining projections extending radially from said wheel, said projections being arranged in laterally spaced pairs separatedfrom adjoining pairs by intervening spaces, a cutting member mounted for rotation in a plane substantially tangent to but spaced slightly from the periphery of said wheel, said cutting member having an edge section shaped in spiral form relative to the rotational axis thereof, and an elongated knife blade detachably afiixed to the;
  • said knife blade being arranged to enter said intervening spaces and. out said filaments, the point of contact of said knife blade and said filaments travelling with said filaments throughout each cutting op eration of the knife blade.
  • Apparatus according to claim 4 including a second wheel disposed adjacent said first named wheel with axis angulated slightly with respect to the axis of said first wheel, and a plurality of fingers extending from said second wheel substantially parallel to the axis thereof,
  • said second wheel being disposed to efiect engagement of its fingers with the projection pairs of said first Wheel in the vicinity of said cutting member.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Manufacture, Treatment Of Glass Fibers (AREA)
  • Knives (AREA)
US23377751 1950-07-10 1951-06-27 Apparatus for cutting artificial filaments into short lengths Expired - Lifetime US2664160A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1719150A GB682473A (en) 1950-07-10 1950-07-10 Cutting artificial filaments into short lengths

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2664160A true US2664160A (en) 1953-12-29

Family

ID=33156111

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US23377751 Expired - Lifetime US2664160A (en) 1950-07-10 1951-06-27 Apparatus for cutting artificial filaments into short lengths

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US2664160A (xx)
BE (2) BE522239A (xx)
CH (2) CH295355A (xx)
DE (2) DE928119C (xx)
ES (1) ES198680A1 (xx)
FR (2) FR1039520A (xx)
GB (1) GB682473A (xx)
NL (1) NL79622C (xx)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2752996A (en) * 1954-01-22 1956-07-03 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Apparatus for cutting tire treads
US2791274A (en) * 1953-09-04 1957-05-07 Du Pont Yarn processing
US3170498A (en) * 1959-12-07 1965-02-23 Schmermund Maschf Alfred Tobacco cutting machine with rotating knife top
US3485120A (en) * 1966-09-08 1969-12-23 Eastman Kodak Co Method and apparatus for cutting elongated material
US4391169A (en) * 1980-08-11 1983-07-05 Hartford Fibres, Ltd. Cutter with angular blades and method for cutting rope therewith
CN100344811C (zh) * 2005-02-03 2007-10-24 周卫明 丝束切断器

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1114982B (de) * 1955-11-15 1961-10-12 Rhodiaceta Ag Schneidvorrichtung zur Herstellung von Stapelfasern
DE1180882B (de) * 1957-05-31 1964-11-05 Ici Ltd Vorrichtung zum Schneiden von laufenden Kunstfaeden
BE627865A (xx) * 1962-01-31 1900-01-01
DE2939154C2 (de) * 1979-09-27 1982-08-05 Neumünstersche Maschinen- und Apparatebau GmbH (Neumag), 2350 Neumünster Stapelfaserschneidmaschine
US4519281A (en) * 1983-03-07 1985-05-28 Eastman Kodak Company Package wind cutter
JP3243652B2 (ja) * 1992-05-28 2002-01-07 株式会社竹原機械研究所 繊維の切断装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1280753A (en) * 1916-10-26 1918-10-08 American Assembling Machine Company Grooving device.
US2205036A (en) * 1937-10-08 1940-06-18 Hamel Edmund Method and device for separating and uniting artificial fibrous structures to form aconnected fibrous band

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE707770C (de) * 1937-10-08 1941-07-03 Carl Hamel Akt Ges Vorrichtung zum Schneiden endloser Kunstfaserstraenge
DE704975C (de) * 1938-10-25 1941-04-12 Carl Hamel Akt Ges Messer zum Zerschneiden von endlos zugefuehrten Kunstfaserstraengen
BE460960A (xx) * 1945-10-26

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1280753A (en) * 1916-10-26 1918-10-08 American Assembling Machine Company Grooving device.
US2205036A (en) * 1937-10-08 1940-06-18 Hamel Edmund Method and device for separating and uniting artificial fibrous structures to form aconnected fibrous band

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2791274A (en) * 1953-09-04 1957-05-07 Du Pont Yarn processing
US2752996A (en) * 1954-01-22 1956-07-03 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Apparatus for cutting tire treads
US3170498A (en) * 1959-12-07 1965-02-23 Schmermund Maschf Alfred Tobacco cutting machine with rotating knife top
US3485120A (en) * 1966-09-08 1969-12-23 Eastman Kodak Co Method and apparatus for cutting elongated material
DE1660286A1 (de) * 1966-09-08 1971-01-14 Eastman Kodak Co Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zerschneiden von band- oder strangfoermigem Gut
US4391169A (en) * 1980-08-11 1983-07-05 Hartford Fibres, Ltd. Cutter with angular blades and method for cutting rope therewith
CN100344811C (zh) * 2005-02-03 2007-10-24 周卫明 丝束切断器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1039520A (fr) 1953-10-07
FR64549E (fr) 1955-11-14
ES198680A1 (es) 1953-08-16
CH295355A (de) 1953-12-31
GB682473A (en) 1952-11-12
DE1090371B (de) 1960-10-06
CH319129A (de) 1957-01-31
DE928119C (de) 1955-05-23
BE522239A (xx) 1900-01-01
BE504425A (xx) 1900-01-01
NL79622C (xx) 1900-01-01

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