US2657984A - Fuel oils - Google Patents
Fuel oils Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2657984A US2657984A US191332A US19133250A US2657984A US 2657984 A US2657984 A US 2657984A US 191332 A US191332 A US 191332A US 19133250 A US19133250 A US 19133250A US 2657984 A US2657984 A US 2657984A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- pour
- point
- weight
- fuel oils
- minor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/22—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
- C10L1/222—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond
- C10L1/2227—Organic compounds containing nitrogen containing at least one carbon-to-nitrogen single bond urea; derivatives thereof; urethane
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
- C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
- C10L1/14—Organic compounds
- C10L1/24—Organic compounds containing sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium
- C10L1/2425—Thiocarbonic acids and derivatives thereof, e.g. xanthates; Thiocarbamic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. dithio-carbamates; Thiurams
Definitions
- This invention relates to petroleum fuels and, more particularly, to novel fuel oil compositions having greatly improved pour-point characteristics.
- pour-point One of the characteristics of fuel oils which is limited by standardized specifications is the property known as pour-point. Because of this requirement that fuel oils have a specified minimum pour point, rather severe limitations are inherently placed upon the relative quantities of gasolines, light distillate oils, residual fuels, etc., which may be produced from a given crude petroleum stock. For example, in order to meet the pour-point specification, a distillate furnace oil must contain a certain proportion of fairly light components, or cannot contain more than a certain proportion of heavy components. If, however, the pour point of the fuel is reduced in some manner, a smaller proportion of the volatile components is required in the furnace oil, and larger quantities of lighter distillates such as kerosene and gasoline can be produced. Likewise, during periods of peak demand for fuel oils, greater quantities of such oils can be produced by including therein larger amounts of heavier fractions. Other beneficial results of a suitable means of lowering the pour point of fuel oils will be obvious to those skilled in the art.
- the preferred organic radicals are hydrocarbon radicals, which may be aliphatic or cyclic, straight or branched chain, saturated, unsaturated or aromatic or any combination thereof.
- the hydrocarbon radicals may be, for example, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkaryl, aralkyl, etc.
- the ureas may be substituted with other than pure hydrocarbyl radicals.
- the hydrocarbyl radical may be substituted with amino, hydroxy, alkoxy, aryloxy, carboxylate, oxo, halogen, or like substituents; or the nitrogen of the urea may be directly attached to a non-carbon atom, such as another nitrogen atom, to form semicarbazides, semicarbazones, and the like.
- ureas are the preferred embodiment of the present invention
- non-urea materials having the structure of Formula 1 may be used if desired.
- amides or substituted amides, carbamates, amidines such as guanidine or stearamidine, etc, are all effective, provided the solubility requirement is met.
- combinations of the above essential structure may be used, as in biuret, or derivatives thereof.
- the No. 2 fuel has the following properties:
- pour-point depressant was used at a concentration of 0.0015 per cent by weight.
- R1 is a hydrocarbyl radical and R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms and hydrocarbyl radicals.
- R1 is a hydrocarbyl radical and R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms and hydrocarbyl radicals.
- X is a chalkogen having an atomic number of from 8 to 16, said compound having at least one hydrocarbyl group attached to a nitrogen atom.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BE506531D BE506531A (de) | 1950-10-20 | ||
NL79072D NL79072C (de) | 1950-10-20 | ||
US191332A US2657984A (en) | 1950-10-20 | 1950-10-20 | Fuel oils |
GB24309/51A GB710515A (en) | 1950-10-20 | 1951-10-18 | Fuel oil compositions |
DEN4575A DE894296C (de) | 1950-10-20 | 1951-10-20 | Heizoelgemische |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US191332A US2657984A (en) | 1950-10-20 | 1950-10-20 | Fuel oils |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2657984A true US2657984A (en) | 1953-11-03 |
Family
ID=22705054
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US191332A Expired - Lifetime US2657984A (en) | 1950-10-20 | 1950-10-20 | Fuel oils |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2657984A (de) |
BE (1) | BE506531A (de) |
DE (1) | DE894296C (de) |
GB (1) | GB710515A (de) |
NL (1) | NL79072C (de) |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2683082A (en) * | 1950-12-09 | 1954-07-06 | Ethyl Corp | Nu-aryl-nu'-(p-hydroxyphenyl) ureas as antioxidants for petroleum hydrocarbon fuels |
US2683081A (en) * | 1950-12-09 | 1954-07-06 | Ethyl Corp | Stabilized organic compositions |
US2813783A (en) * | 1953-05-18 | 1957-11-19 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Stabilization of organic compounds |
US2842433A (en) * | 1956-11-19 | 1958-07-08 | Texas Co | Motor fuel composition |
US2879230A (en) * | 1956-11-19 | 1959-03-24 | Texas Co | Motor lubricating oil composition |
US2908647A (en) * | 1954-01-28 | 1959-10-13 | Tide Water Oil Company | Pour point reduction |
US3092474A (en) * | 1960-04-25 | 1963-06-04 | Standard Oil Co | Fuel oil composition |
US3164553A (en) * | 1960-12-16 | 1965-01-05 | Union Carbide Corp | Process of treating synthetic lubricating oils with urea |
US3166387A (en) * | 1961-07-17 | 1965-01-19 | Standard Oil Co | Ammonium carboxylate pour point depressants for fuel oil composition |
US3190763A (en) * | 1960-12-17 | 1965-06-22 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the anti-static finishing of high molecular weight compounds |
US3278292A (en) * | 1963-01-02 | 1966-10-11 | Du Pont | Herbicidal compositions and methods employing 3-phenyl-3-alkoxyureas |
US3296136A (en) * | 1963-11-13 | 1967-01-03 | Sinclair Research Inc | Lubricant compositions of improved oxidation resistance |
FR2436814A1 (fr) * | 1977-06-20 | 1980-04-18 | Shell Int Research | Compositions combustibles et d'huiles lubrifiantes |
US4401439A (en) * | 1981-12-31 | 1983-08-30 | Shell Oil Company | Fuel and lubricant compositions for octane requirement reduction |
US4416669A (en) * | 1982-02-22 | 1983-11-22 | Shell Oil Company | Fuel and lubricant compositions for octane requirement reduction |
US4435187A (en) | 1981-12-31 | 1984-03-06 | Shell Oil Company | Fuel and lubricant compositions for octane requirement reduction |
US5425789A (en) * | 1986-12-22 | 1995-06-20 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Chemical compositions and their use as fuel additives |
US5746783A (en) * | 1994-03-30 | 1998-05-05 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Low emissions diesel fuel |
US5997593A (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 1999-12-07 | Ethyl Corporation | Fuels with enhanced lubricity |
US6725651B2 (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2004-04-27 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Reducing agent for emission control system, reducing-agent supply device, and emission control system using the reducing agent |
WO2013131837A1 (de) | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-12 | Basf Se | VERWENDUNG VON SUBSTITUIERTEN HARNSTOFFEN ODER URETHANEN ZUR WEITEREN VERBESSERUNG DER KALTFLIEßEIGENSCHAFTEN VON MINERALÖLEN UND ROHÖLEN |
WO2013131800A1 (de) | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-12 | Basf Se | Verwendung von substituierten harnstoffen oder urethanen zur verbesserung der gebrauchseigenschaften von mineralischen und synthetischen nicht-wässrigen industrieflüssigkeiten, insbesondere kraftstoffen oder schmierstoffen |
US9458401B2 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2016-10-04 | Basf Se | Use of substituted ureas or urethanes for improvement of the use properties of mineral and synthetic nonaqueous industrial fluids |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1000121B (de) * | 1954-07-30 | 1957-01-03 | Hoechst Ag | Antischaummittel fuer Bohroele |
NL106347C (de) * | 1955-08-08 |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB312774A (en) * | 1928-04-30 | 1929-06-06 | Standard Oil Company Of New Yo | Petroleum distillates and method of treating same with respect to discoloration |
US2263445A (en) * | 1940-04-10 | 1941-11-18 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Mineral oil compositions and improving agent therefor |
US2343393A (en) * | 1940-12-19 | 1944-03-07 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Lubricant |
US2373049A (en) * | 1943-02-05 | 1945-04-03 | Du Pont | Stabilization of organic substances |
US2393934A (en) * | 1943-11-17 | 1946-01-29 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Mineral oil composition |
US2396156A (en) * | 1942-08-12 | 1946-03-05 | Du Pont | Stabilization of organic substances |
-
0
- NL NL79072D patent/NL79072C/xx active
- BE BE506531D patent/BE506531A/xx unknown
-
1950
- 1950-10-20 US US191332A patent/US2657984A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1951
- 1951-10-18 GB GB24309/51A patent/GB710515A/en not_active Expired
- 1951-10-20 DE DEN4575A patent/DE894296C/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB312774A (en) * | 1928-04-30 | 1929-06-06 | Standard Oil Company Of New Yo | Petroleum distillates and method of treating same with respect to discoloration |
US2263445A (en) * | 1940-04-10 | 1941-11-18 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Mineral oil compositions and improving agent therefor |
US2343393A (en) * | 1940-12-19 | 1944-03-07 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Lubricant |
US2396156A (en) * | 1942-08-12 | 1946-03-05 | Du Pont | Stabilization of organic substances |
US2373049A (en) * | 1943-02-05 | 1945-04-03 | Du Pont | Stabilization of organic substances |
US2393934A (en) * | 1943-11-17 | 1946-01-29 | Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc | Mineral oil composition |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2683082A (en) * | 1950-12-09 | 1954-07-06 | Ethyl Corp | Nu-aryl-nu'-(p-hydroxyphenyl) ureas as antioxidants for petroleum hydrocarbon fuels |
US2683081A (en) * | 1950-12-09 | 1954-07-06 | Ethyl Corp | Stabilized organic compositions |
US2813783A (en) * | 1953-05-18 | 1957-11-19 | Universal Oil Prod Co | Stabilization of organic compounds |
US2908647A (en) * | 1954-01-28 | 1959-10-13 | Tide Water Oil Company | Pour point reduction |
US2842433A (en) * | 1956-11-19 | 1958-07-08 | Texas Co | Motor fuel composition |
US2879230A (en) * | 1956-11-19 | 1959-03-24 | Texas Co | Motor lubricating oil composition |
US3092474A (en) * | 1960-04-25 | 1963-06-04 | Standard Oil Co | Fuel oil composition |
US3164553A (en) * | 1960-12-16 | 1965-01-05 | Union Carbide Corp | Process of treating synthetic lubricating oils with urea |
US3190763A (en) * | 1960-12-17 | 1965-06-22 | Hoechst Ag | Process for the anti-static finishing of high molecular weight compounds |
US3166387A (en) * | 1961-07-17 | 1965-01-19 | Standard Oil Co | Ammonium carboxylate pour point depressants for fuel oil composition |
US3278292A (en) * | 1963-01-02 | 1966-10-11 | Du Pont | Herbicidal compositions and methods employing 3-phenyl-3-alkoxyureas |
US3296136A (en) * | 1963-11-13 | 1967-01-03 | Sinclair Research Inc | Lubricant compositions of improved oxidation resistance |
FR2436814A1 (fr) * | 1977-06-20 | 1980-04-18 | Shell Int Research | Compositions combustibles et d'huiles lubrifiantes |
US4401439A (en) * | 1981-12-31 | 1983-08-30 | Shell Oil Company | Fuel and lubricant compositions for octane requirement reduction |
US4435187A (en) | 1981-12-31 | 1984-03-06 | Shell Oil Company | Fuel and lubricant compositions for octane requirement reduction |
US4416669A (en) * | 1982-02-22 | 1983-11-22 | Shell Oil Company | Fuel and lubricant compositions for octane requirement reduction |
US5425789A (en) * | 1986-12-22 | 1995-06-20 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Chemical compositions and their use as fuel additives |
US5746783A (en) * | 1994-03-30 | 1998-05-05 | Martin Marietta Energy Systems, Inc. | Low emissions diesel fuel |
US5997593A (en) * | 1998-12-22 | 1999-12-07 | Ethyl Corporation | Fuels with enhanced lubricity |
US6725651B2 (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2004-04-27 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Reducing agent for emission control system, reducing-agent supply device, and emission control system using the reducing agent |
WO2013131837A1 (de) | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-12 | Basf Se | VERWENDUNG VON SUBSTITUIERTEN HARNSTOFFEN ODER URETHANEN ZUR WEITEREN VERBESSERUNG DER KALTFLIEßEIGENSCHAFTEN VON MINERALÖLEN UND ROHÖLEN |
WO2013131800A1 (de) | 2012-03-07 | 2013-09-12 | Basf Se | Verwendung von substituierten harnstoffen oder urethanen zur verbesserung der gebrauchseigenschaften von mineralischen und synthetischen nicht-wässrigen industrieflüssigkeiten, insbesondere kraftstoffen oder schmierstoffen |
US9458401B2 (en) | 2012-03-07 | 2016-10-04 | Basf Se | Use of substituted ureas or urethanes for improvement of the use properties of mineral and synthetic nonaqueous industrial fluids |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NL79072C (de) | |
GB710515A (en) | 1954-06-16 |
BE506531A (de) | |
DE894296C (de) | 1953-10-22 |
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