US2646653A - Grinder with meshing teeth for knives, etc. - Google Patents

Description

July 28, 1953 B. K. MURCHISON 6,653

GRINDER WITH MESHING TEETH FOR KNIVES, ETC

Filed D80. 31, 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet l 4O 43 INVENTOR.

v BLACKWELL K.MURCH|SON ATTORNEY July 28, 1953 B. K. MURCHISON 2,646,653

GRINDER WITH MESHING TEETH FOR KNIVES, ETC

Filed D60. 31, 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. BLACKWELL' K MURCHISON ATTORNEY Patented July 28, 1953 GRINDER WITH MESHING TEETH FOR KNIVES, ETC.

Blackwell K. Murchison, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor, by mesne assignments, to Bessie F. Murchison,

Brooklyn, N. Y.

Application December 31, 1948, Serial No. 68,516

2 Claims. (01. 51-111) This invention relates to new and useful improvements in devices for sharpening, honing, polishing or finishing knives, strips ofmaterial, and other objects and materials of square, round, rectangular, and other forms and shapes. Subsequently in this specification, and in the claims, the word grinding and its derivatives will be used in its broadest sense to mean grinding, honing, polishing, finishing, etc.

At the present time the commonly used grinder l comprises merely a disc or wheel of vitrified, resinoid, rubber and other materials in which abrasive grains are embedded, or which have natural abrasive grains. The use of a grinding wheel of this type requires great skill. An un skilled person attempting to grind a knife, or other implement or object, or article on these grinding discs and wheels usually makes a very poor, job of grinding, and in addition unduly wears away the article being ground. The reason for this is that it requires skill and experience to place an object at the proper angle against the grinding disc or wheel. It requires skill and experience to engage the object against the grinding element at a proper pressure. In addition to these skills it is also necessary that the object be moved correctly without undue wobbling. An.- other great fault which inexperienced persons are guilty of is that they permit the blade of a knife or a strip of material or other object, to flex or bend across the grinding face so as to strike the corners of the grinding disc or wheel. When this occurs the disc or wheel seriously damages the edge or face attempted to be ground.

Besides grinding discs and wheels there are any number of other contraptions for grinding various objects and articles. However, these devices are merely makeshift and inferior to grinding discs and wheels and are not used by skilled persons. Other persons using these devices cannot possibly obtain as good results as skilled persons using grinding discs and wheels.

The dominating object of this invention resides in providing a device of the class described for grinding, which is characterized by a pair of adjacent members or discs having a. series of teeth on each of their adjacent faces, and said series of teeth meshing with each other in order that said members or discs may be moved apart and together while maintaining said series of teeth in partial or full mesh with each other so that said series of teeth, or said members or said discs, or both the members or discs and the series of teeth may be provided with grinding working surfaces exposed to different extents, depending 2 upon the extent of mesh of said series of teeth and particularly adapted for grinding various articles and objects such as knives, scissors, strips of material, rods and the like. The strips of material and other objects may be squares, flats, of V-shapes, and other shapes.

An important feature of the invention resides in the fact that one or more of the working surfaces of the members ordiscs or the series of teeth, may operate simultaneously for. grinding both edges of a knife, or two or more sides of an object.

In accordance with thisinvention, the adjacent members or discs may be fixedly or adjustably mounted upon a rod, or shaft, or square bar, or other bars or strips, etc. of different cross sectional shapes.

It is further proposed, in one form of the invention, that the members or discs be resiliently urged towards each other for automatically providing pressures between. the grinding working surfaces and faces of the article being operated upon, or the members or discs may be fixedly mounted in selected separated positions for particular jobs.

In accordance with thisv invention the working surfaces may be at any angular position relative to each other, and said surfaces may be straight or curved, in order to operate on various shapes and sizes of articles.

Another dominating object of this invention resides in providing a grinding device which may be in the form of discs or wheels, but need not necessarily take this form, and which controls the angle at which a knife or strip of material or other object to be ground is engaged against the working or grinding faces or surfaces thereof. It is also proposed to so arrange the device that there is a, mechanical control of pressure between the knife or other article being ground and the grinding faces of the working surfaces of the grinder. It is also proposed to so construct the new grinder that the article to be ground is held against wobbling and against engaging against the corners of the grinding faces or surfaces of the grinder.

More particular, in another form of the invention, the invention proposes a new grinder which is characterized by a pair of adjacent members having outer. edges. It is proposed that a series of teeth be formed or mounted on each of the adjacent faces of said members and that said series of teeth mesh with each other. It is proposed that each tooth of said series of teeth extend inwards from the outer edges of the members, and that each tooth have a base, sides and a grinding working face or surface inclined away from its base in the direction of said outer edges inwards. It is further proposed that said working faces of said series of teeth form a V-shaped space into which the edge of a knife or strip of material, or other object, may beengaged from the outside of said members in order that said knife or object may be moved inwards to selected distances by camming said series of said teeth apart for controlling the depth of grinding, and controlling mechanically to some degree the pressure between these parts, and controlling the guiding of the knife or object so that it does not wobble or flex or bend as said knife or object is moved relative to said working faces 0r surfaces.

With the new construction of -grinder, in accordance with thi invention, the grinding faces or surfaces simultaneously engage both sides of the knife or other object being ground for more securely supporting the knife or object for reducing the time required to grind the knife or object since both sides of the edge arebeing ground simultaneously for covering a larger surface of the edges to be ground than is the case with the grinding discs and wheels and other devices now known, and for reducing the skillrequired to properly grind knives and other objects. Moreover, certain of the objects will be automatically centered. Other objects will be simultaneously operated on two, three or more sides. Round obiects will be turned for automatic centering.v

It is also proposed to provide means for movably connecting said members to move along an axis towards and awayfrom each other in order to accommodate thicker and thinnerknives and objects, and in orderto set the'grinding working faces or surfaces properly against the article being ground. The members may be mounted on a round, square or other shaped rod or shaft.

It is also proposed to provide resilient means for urging said members towards each other for providing the pressure between the knife or article being ground and the grinding faces 0r surfaces. It is proposed that this resilient means be adjustable, or fixed to predetermined pressures. With the new grinder, in accordance with this invention, it is impossible for the operator to engage the knife or other article with too much or too little pressure against the working surfaces as practically no pressure is required by the operator as the article is pushed and pulled back and forth against the surfaces.

Another object of this invention is to limit the movement of said members towards and away from each other from passing predetermined limitations so that the grinding working faces and surfaces are always in proper working positions.

In accordance with this invention the series of teeth on the members may be integral with the members, or may be stamped out therefrom, or may .be mounted thereon, or may be connected in other ways. t is proposed that the teeth of said series of teeth and the membersbe made of vitrified, resinoid, rubber or other materials impregnated with or having natural abrasive grains.

In accordance with this invention the members and the series of teeth may be. arranged in the form of discs or wheels, or segments of discs or wheels, or of other shapes and forms.

In accordance with this invention the said series of teeth may comprise teeth of various shapes and forms. These teeth may be radial with 4 straight sides, or of other shapes and forms depending merely up-on design.

In accordance with one form of this invention the angles of the grinding working faces and surfaces which form the V-shaped space previously referred to, into which the edge of a knife or other object may be engaged for grinding, may be of pro-selected angles. In fact, grinders may be made with various angles so that the purchaser may select which particular grinder best suits a particular knife or other object to be round.

In accordance with this invention the new grinder when in disc or wheel form may be motor driven, or driven in any other manner. The new grinder may be embodied in a great number of forms. Besides being motor driven it is conceivable that the members with the teeth may be stationary or manually moved at desired speed. It is proposed that braking mechanism be associated with hand models for controlling the drag between the knife or other article being ground, and the grinding working faces and surfaces.

It should be clearly understood that the grinding working faces and surfaces of the grinder may come in various degrees of fineness. or coarseness of grains in order to do grinding, honing, polishand durable and which may be manufactured and sold at a reasonable cost.

For further comprehension of the invention, and of the objects and advantages thereof, reference will be had to the following description and accompanying drawings, and to the appended claims in which the various novel features of the invention are more particularly set forth.

In the accompanying drawings forming a. material part of this disclosure:

Fig. l is'a fragmentary side elevational view of a grinder constructed in accordance with one form of this invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. l but from which one of the members with the series of teeth has been removed so as to clearly show the other member with its teeth.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an elevational view of another grinder embodying this invention, but of modified form.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary side elevational view of still another grinder embodying this invention but of still further modified form.

Fig. 6 is a transverse sectional View taken on the line 6-- 5 of Fig. 5 but illustrated with one of the members removed so that the other mem-' ber and its series of teeth may be clearly seen.

Fig. '7 is an end view of another grinding device embodying another form of this invention.

Fig. 8 is a front view of the device shown in Fig. '7 with a portion thereof in section as though taken on the line 88 of Fig. '7.

Fig. 9 is an end view of still another grinding device embodying another form of this invention.

Fig. 18 is a front view of Fig. 9 with a portion thereof shown in section as though taken on the line Ii!l8 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is an end view of still another grinding device embodying another form of this invention.

Fig. 12 is a front View of Fig. 11 with a portion thereof shown in section as though taken on the line l-2i 2 thereof. a

Fig. l'3-is another front View of stiil another grinding device embodying still another form of this invention, a portion thereof being shown in section similar to the showing in Figs. 8, l

and 12.

The grinder, in accordance with that form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1-3, includes a pair of adjacent member II] having outer edges H. A series of teeth [2 are formed on each of the adjacent faces of said members I0 and said series of teeth of said adjacent members l0 mesh with each other. Each tooth of said series of teeth [2 extends inwards from said outer edges ll of said members 10, and has a base l3, sides HLand a grinding working face or surface I inclined away from its base i3 in the direction from said outer edges l-l inwards. Said working faces -l5 of said series :of teeth l2 form a V-shaped space It into which the'edge of a knife or strip of material or other object may be engaged from the outside of said backing members In in order that said knife or other object may be moved in,

-sies of teeth 12 apart for controlling the depth of grinding and for supporting the knife or other objects simultaneously at both sides for reducing wobbling and flexing of the knife or other article as it is moved backwards and forwards, or in any other direction, or manner, relative to said working faces of surfaces I5.

The members are associated with means by which they are movably connected to move along an axis towards and away fromeach other. This means includes a shaft or rod 18 extending coaxially through the members It. An internal bushing 19 is fixedly mounted in each member it and engages upon the rod I8 and is fixedly connected upon the rod i8 with keys 20. Washers 2 i are engaged against the sides of the members Iii. Triangularly shaped flexible spring washers 22 are mounted on the rod I3 and engage the sides of the washers 2|. Smaller washers 23 engage against the outer sides of the flexible washers 22. One of the small washers 23 is held fixed by a pin '24 mounted through the rod 18. A nut 25 threadedly engages on the rod [8 and engages the other small washer 23. The nut 25 may be adjusted for controlling the resilient actions of the spring washers 22 as the members I 0 are cammed apart when a knife or other object is forced inwards into the V-shaped spaces I E. The keys 2!] prohibit rotation of the members H] on the rod l8, but permit longitudinal movement of the memhers ii so that they may slide towards and away from each'other. Pins 26 are mounted on the rod 18 and limit sliding-of themembers H] to predetermined positions towards each other.

- It is pointed out that the flexible washers 22 constitute resilient means for urging the members l0 towards each other. Obviously, resilient means of other types and designs may be used for this purpose. The pins 26 comprise means for limiting the movement of the members In towards each other from passing a predetermined minimum amount for controlling the minimum size of the V-shaped spaces Hi. The teeth of said series of teeth i2 are illustrated as radial and having straight sides. However, it is important to remember that these teeth may be of other shapes and designs as long as they mesh with each other and as long as they are provided with grinding working faces or surfaces l5.

In the particular design shown on the drawing the working faces or surfaces incline away from their bases l3 to the points 28 and then curve and inclined towards their bases I3. This is merely a matter of design, and theywere so constructed to provide additional room near the bushings [9. In this particular form of themvention an electric motor or prime mover 30 is connected to drive the rod l-B. V

The operation and use of this form of grinder may be understood from the following:

The electric motor 30 is energized so that the rod or shaft l8 rotates and carries along the members H). To sharpen a knife or strip of material, or other suitable object, the edge thereof is merely engaged into the V-shtp-ed spaces It and the knife or object is moved forwards or backwards, or forwards and backards, alongthe V-shaped spaces 56 while the members In are rotating. Itis merely necessary that the knife be pressed downwards with suflicient force so that the sides of its edge engaging against the inclined working faces or surfaces l5 cams apart the series of teeth 12 to a desirable amount so as to engage the knife down to a proper depth. The spring washers 22 provide the necessary resilient pressure of the working faces or surfaces l5 against the knife or other object. The inclined working faces and surfaces [5 simultaneously engage both sides of the edge being ground for assisting the operator in suitably holding the knife or object in a firm position against wobbling.

Since the knife or object is merely moved backwards and forwards without requiring that it be pressed laterally in one direction or the other against a grinding face or surface there is no tendency for the knife to bend or flex. Moreover, it is held against bending or flexing particularly at the area being ground by the working faces and surfaces I5 which are engaging the sides of the edge of the knife or object. The knife or object is engaged into the V-shaped space It merely in an upright position. The inclination of the WOl'klllg faces or surfaces I5 provide the necessary angle with the knife or object. From this it is readily seen that little skill is required to grind a knife, or other object When contrasted with the skill required for using a conventional disc or wheel shaped grinder.

In Fig. 4 a modified form of the invention has been disclosed which distinguishes primarily from the prior form in the fact that it is not motor driven but merely a manually operated grinder. More specifically, a handle 3! is connect-ed with a rod 32. Two independent grinding devices 33 are mounted upon said rod 32. These grinding devices '33 are identical in construction to the grinder mounted on the rod l8 as described in the prior form, and similar parts are identified by like reference numerals. However, in this form of the invention the keys 20 are not used so that the members it are rotative on the rod 32. Brake means 34 is associated with the grinders 33. This brake means 34 comprises a member or strip 35 mounted on the outer end of the rod 32 and provided with friction elements 31 engageable against an edge of each of the members It.

The strip35 has an end portion 52 which is secured to the ,end of the rod 32 with a screw 53. A portion of the strip 35 extends across and is spaced slightly from the grinders 33. The strip 35 also has a handle end 54 extending along the handle 3|. A headed stud 55 is mounted on the handle 3| and passes through an opening in the handle 54 for preventing the latter from moving outwards .too far. When desired, the handle 54 may be pressed towards the handle 3| to flex the'strip 35 and cause the friction elements 31 to .engage'against the edges of the backing membersrloat selectedipressures. In this way the ,7 drag between a knife being manually moved back and forth through the V-shaped spaces I6 ma be controlled.

It is proposed that the grinders 33 be of different fineness of grain. For example, one may be relatively coarse and comprise a sharpening device, while the other may be fine and comprise a honing or polishing device. To grind a knife or other object it is merely necessary to first work it upon the coarse sharpening device and then to finish the sharpening by working it on the fine grain device. The knife or object is Worked on these devices merely by engaging its edges into the V-shaped spaces and manually drawing it backwards and forwards. The coarse grain device 33, the one illustrated at the left, may have its brake means 34 set so as to provide a suitable drag to more rapidly sharpen the knife or other object. In the fine grain grinder at the right the members I are freer to rotate so that the honing or polishing effect is obtained when the working faces move up and down across the edge of the knife or other object as it is being moved back and forth along the V-shaped spaces.

In Figs. 5 and 6 another modified form of the invention has been disclosed which is very similar to the .prior forms but distinguishes in several ways. In this form, a stationary non-circular rod 38 slidably supports a pair of adjacent memhers 49. These members 4% have non-circular openings so as to be non-rotative but slidable on the rod 38. The members 40 have outer edges ii. A series of teeth 32 is disposed on each of the adjacent faces of said members 48, and said series 42 of teeth mesh with each other. Each tooth of the series of teeth 42 is separate and mounted in a bracket or holder 43, which in turn is mounted on the member 40. Each tooth of said series of teeth 42 extends inwards from the outer edges 4| of the members 40 and is provided with a base 44, sides 45, and a grinding working face or surface 46 inclined away from its base 44 in the direction of said outer edges 4| inwards. Said working faces 46 of said series of teeth d2 form V-shaped spaces 41 into which the edge of a knife or other subject may be engaged from the outside of said backing members 46 in order that said knife or strip may be moved inwards to selected distances by camming said series of teeth 42 apart.

Washers 48 are mounted on the rod 38 and engage against the sides of the members 40. Spring washers 49 are mounted on the rod 38 and engage the washers 48. Small washers 50 engage the spring washers 49. A pin 5| is mounted through the rod 38 and engages one of the washers 50. The other washer 50 is engaged by a nut 52 threadedly and adjust-ably mounted on the rod 38. The members 40 are of arcuate shapes, as clearly shown in Fig. 6. They may be of other shapes.

The operation and use of this form of the invention is substantially identical to the prior form. The rod 38 is held stationary while a knife or other object is engaged in the V-shaped spaces 4! and moved back and forth.

In Figs. 7 and 8 another form of the invention has been disclosed. In this form there is a. pair of adjacent members or discs 50 and Si, respec tively, having a series of teeth 62 and 63, respectively, on portions of their adjacent faces. Said series of teeth 62 and 53 mesh with each other in order that said members or discs and 6! may be moved apart and together while maintaining said series of teeth in partial or full mesh with each other. The outer edge portions of said series of teeth 62 and 63 comprise grinding surfaces. Moreover, the face 64 of the member or disc 50 and the face 65 of the member or disc El also comprise grinding surfaces. The surface 64 is flat and straight, while the surface 65 is frusto-conical so as to extend at an angle to the surface 64. The members or discs 60 and Bi are mounted on a rod or shaft 66 with set screws 61 in order that said set screws may be loosened and the members or discs 60 and El shifted along the rod 66 to selected positions for controlling the mesh of the series of teeth 62 and 6.3.

The operation and use of this form of the invention essentially consists in engaging an object, such as the blade of a pair of scissors against the fiat working surface 64 and simultaneously against the conical working surface 65 in order that both the edge and the inner face of the blade of the pair of scissors will be ground simultaneously by moving the blade back and forth while the rod or shaft 65 is driven. The purpose of separating or moving the members or discs 50 and 6! together or apart is that fresh working surfaces of the series of teeth 63 are thus exposed for use.

In Figs. 9 and 10 still another form of the invention has been disclosed. In this form there is a pair of adjacent members or di cs 10 and H having a series of teeth 12 and 13, respectively, on their adjacent faces 14 and 15. These series of teeth '12 and i3 mesh with each other and have their ends engaging into complementary recesses 16 and H formed in said adjacent faces i i and '55 in order that said members or discs iii and H may be moved apart and together while while maintaining said series of teeth 12 and 13 in partial or full mesh with each other. The members or discs 10 and H are mounted on a rod or shaft 78 with set screws 19. The series of teeth 12 and E3 have their outer faces or surfaces formed as grinding faces or surfaces exposed to different extents, depending upon the extent of mesh of said series of teeth 12 and 13. These working faces or surfaces are concave.

The operation of this form of the invention may be understood from the following:

Rods and other shapes may be engaged between the working faces i4 and 15 and the working faces of the teeth 12 and [3 for grinding said rods or objects. It is possible to rotate round rods or objects as they are engaged against the curved working surfaces of the teeth 12 and T3 for center-less grinding of the rods.

In Fig 11 and 12 still another form of the invention has been disclosed. In this form there is a pair of adjacent members or discs Bi] and 8| having a series of teeth 82 and 83 on their adjacent faces 84 and 85, respectively, meshing with each other in order that the members or discs at and 88 may be moved apart and together while maintaining said series of teeth in partial or full mesh with each other. Said series of teeth 82 and 83 have grinding working surfaces upon their outer edges. Similarly, the adjacent faces es and 85 constitute grinding surfaces. Said members 88, iii are adapted to be moved apart or together for exposing the working surfaces of the series of teeth to different extents depending upon the extent of mesh of said series of teeth 82 and 83.

The members or discs 86 and 8| are adjustably mounted on a rod or shaft 85. Keys 87 are arranged to key together the rod or shaft 86 with the members or discs 80 and 8| in a manner so that the members or discs 88 and 8| are free to move longitudinally through small distances on the rod or shaft 86. A resilient washer 88 engages against the end of the member or disc 80 and is held in position with a fiat washer 89 and a pin 80 engaged through the shaft or rod 88. The member BI is resiliently positioned by a flat washer 9i engaging against its end, a spring washer 92 engaging the flat washer 9|, and with a nut 93 threadedly engaged on the rod or shaft 86. The outer edge portions of the working faces or surfaces 84 and 85 are formed with bevelled portions 94.

The operation and use of this form of the invention may be understood from the following:

Various objects may be forced in between the working faces 84 and 85 by camming them down between the bevelled portions 94. These objects may be engaged down against the working faces or surfaces of the teeth 82 and 83. Therefore, when the shaft or rod 86 is driven the objects will be simultaneously operated upon their opposite faces and their edge which may be of V-shape to correspond with the V-shape of the space between the Working faces of the teeth of the series of teeth 82 and 83.

In Fig. 13 still another form of the invention is disclosed which is essentially the same as that disclosed in Figs. 11 and 12, distinguishing merely in the shapes of the teeth 82' and 83. The outer edges of the teeth 82' and 83' are cylindrical, while the corresponding working faces of the series of teeth 82 and 83 were frustoconical.

In other respects this form of the invention is identical to the previous form and like parts are identified by like reference numerals.

The operation of this form of the invention is substantially identical to the prior form, except for the fact that it is adapted to work on two faces and the edge of a strip of material, and upon other objects and devices which may be operated upon two sides and an edge simultaneously.

While I have illustrated and described the preferred embodiments of my invention, it is 10 to be understood that I do not limit myself to the precise constructions herein disclosed and the right is reserved to all changes and modifications coming within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by United States Letters Patent is:

1. In a device of the class described, a rod, a handle on one end of said rod, a disc shaped grinder coaxially mounted on said rod, a strip of flexible material attached at one end on the free end of said rod and extending adjacent said grinder and having an end portion spaced adjacent said handle, and a friction element mount ed on said strip and engageable against said grinder when the last mentioned end portion of said strip is moved towards said handle.

2. In a device of the class described, a rod, a handle on one end of said rod, a plurality of disc shaped grinders coaxially mounted on said rod, a strip of flexible material attached at one end on the free end of said rod and extending adjacent said grinders and having an end portion spaced adjacent said handle, and a friction element for each of said grinders mounted on said strip and engageable against said grinders when said last mentioned end portion of said strip is moved towards said handle.

BLACKWELL K. MURCHISON.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 466,293 Peer Dec. 29, 1891 726,974 McLeran May 5, 1908 1,414,172 Brown Apr. 25, 1922 2,114,106 Geveke Apr. 12, 1938 2,420,814 Clark May 20, 1947 2,469,258 Brockley May 3, 1949 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 21,849 Switzerland June 30, 1900 118,007 Germany Apr. 12, 1900

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