US2616530A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
US2616530A
US2616530A US616422A US61642245A US2616530A US 2616530 A US2616530 A US 2616530A US 616422 A US616422 A US 616422A US 61642245 A US61642245 A US 61642245A US 2616530 A US2616530 A US 2616530A
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United States
Prior art keywords
channels
folded
heat
strip
folding
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Expired - Lifetime
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US616422A
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English (en)
Inventor
Horowitz Alexandre
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/053—Component parts or details
    • F02G1/055—Heaters or coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0025—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being formed by zig-zag bend plates

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a heat exchanger and, more particularly, to means for and a method of constructing its walls whereby attachment of a partition means may be readily made to said walls.
  • a heat exchanger comprising channels obtained by zigzag folding of a metal strip is already known in the art.
  • one of the systems of channels thus obtained is traversed by one medium and the other system of channels is traversed by another medium, between which media an exchange of heat is to take place.
  • these exchangers generally have a drawback that it is possible, only with comparatively complicated means, to make each of the two systems communicate with the chambers out of which or into which the media concerned are flowing.
  • the heat exchanger according to the invention is characterized by the fact that the ends of the channels present in the exchanger are closed by folding in the end material and closing the resulting depressions which exist between the folded parts.
  • one or a plurality of walls serving as a partition or partitions between the chambers with which the channels communicate adjoin the closed extremities of the channels.
  • Folding in the material at the ends of the channels oflers the advantage that with a comparatively great width of channel there is nevertheless at the ends of the channels so much material available that the depressions which exist may be closed without great difficulty.
  • This closing may be effected, for example, by welding or soldering, but also by utilizing artificial resins suitable for the purpose.
  • the partitions for the two media adjoin these closed extremities of the channels. It is possible to fasten these partitions to the channel ends either in the same operation as the closing of the ends of the c annels, or in a separate operation.
  • a primary object of this invention is to provide a heat exchanger device, a wall of which is constructed from a single piece of material, with a plurality of corrugations forming channels through which the heat exchanging medium may flow.
  • Another important object of this invention is H 2 a partitionv member by the use of bonding means filled into depressions created through a new and novel concept for closing the ends of said corrugations.
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a plurality of corrugations bonded to a member according to the old concepts of bonding for the purpose of clearly demonstrating the improvement of the present invention over the old art.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the corrugations shown in Fig. 1. d
  • Fig. 3 is a fragmentary developed view of a strip of material prepared for fabrication in accord ance with one embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 4 is an end view of the Fig. 3 structure as it is properly folded and bonded to a partition member according to the concept of the invention shown in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 5 shows in plan view the structure of Fig. 3 when the strip is properly folded to produce the exposed voids or depressions at the ends of the respective channels formed by the corrugated or zigzag material.
  • Fig. 5b is a perspective view of the same folded strip shown in Figs. 5 and 5a to more clearly show the direction of the folds.
  • FIG. 6 is another embodiment of the present invention in a view similar to Fig. 3 in which the irregular line at an end of the developed ma terial is avoided.
  • Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the structure shown in Fig. 6 produced by folding the material thereof along the lines indicated.
  • Fig. 8 is an end view of the Fig. 6 structure showing it properly folded and bonded to a partition member.
  • Fig. 9 is another embodiment of the invention shown in a view similar to Figs. 3 and 6 but so planned as to avoid bonding between the previous partition means and the channel forming means of the previous structures.
  • Fig. 10 is an end view of Fig. 9 showing the folding of material therein to accommodate a welding bead and clamping means integral with the partition means.
  • Fig. 10a is a perspective view of the structure shown in Fig. 9 but folded as in Fig. 10 to more clearly show the direction of the folds.
  • Fig. 11 is another embodiment of the present invention produced according to a pattern of development utilized in forming a generally cylindrically shaped heater construction.
  • Fig. 12 is a front view of a complete heater structure using the concept of Fig. 11 as the means for joining top and bottom closure means to channel means.
  • Fig. 13a is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of Fig. 12 taken along the arrows A-A.
  • Fig. 13b is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of Fig. 12 taken along the arrows B-B.
  • Fig. 14 is another embodiment of the present invention in a view similar to Figs. 3, 6, 9 and 11 wherein a subspecies of the invention permits construction of a heater shown in Fig. 16.
  • Fig. 15 is a perspective view of the material shown in Fig. 14 when properly folded along the lines indicated by the juncture of the shadowed and light portions respectively thereof;
  • Fig. 16 is a view in cross section of a heater construction formed from the structures shown in Figs. 14 and 15.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 show a perspective view and a plan view of a known type of heat exchanger in which the heat-exchanging element is obtained by zigzag folding of a metal strip i. It appears from the figures that two sets of channels are thus produced which are indicated by 2 and 3 respectively.
  • This exchanger is very simple as regards its construction, but has the drawback that it is not practicable with simple means to make the channel systems 2 and 3 adjoin the chambers with which they communicate, since the two systems must be closed relatively to each other in a gas-tight or liquid-tight manner, which can only be obtained by securing a plate 45 shown in dotted line in Fig. 1, on the end surface of the said element.
  • the irregularity consists of projections 46 each extending beyond the base line 41.
  • Each pro jection 46 comprises a pair of inclined edges 48 and 49 as well as a horizontally disposed edge 50.
  • the inclined edges 48 and 49 meet the base line 41 at points 5
  • the parts 4 are separated by folding lines 55 which extend through the projections 46 and end at'the edges 50 thereof at points 56 midway of points 53 and 54.
  • These folding lines constitute the boundary surfaces of channels which are formed by folding in the parts 5 and B and closing the voids or depressions 4 which exist between the folded parts as will be explained more fully hereinafter.
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically the shade effect on the various surfaces, so that it may be seen how the folding is accomplished. This may be more readily visualized when the showing in Figs. 5 and 5a are considered in conjunction therewith.
  • the strip being folded has in side-view the shape shown in Fig. 4. From this it is seen that the points 5
  • the depressions 30 must still be closed. These depressions are particularly visible in Figs. 5a and 5b. This closing may be effected by means of a soldering or welding operation whereby a closed end surface of the heat-exchanger is ob tained.
  • the heat-exchanging element must have secured to it the walls serving for the separation of the chambers which the channels communicate.
  • the depressions may be closed and the walls may be fastened, if desired, in one operation.
  • the partition is indicated by 9 in Fig. 4. In this form of construction the end surface of the folded metal strip has provided on it a welding bead Ill serving for closing the depressions 30.
  • the wall 9 which 's secured to the welding bead l0 by means of two welding beads and I2.
  • the heat exchanger may exhibit different shapes; it may be straight, but also curved in shape. If the exchanger must serve as a heater in a hot-gas motor and if this heater surrounds the WOlkiIig chamber of the motor, the heat-exchanging element will be a cylinder and the wall 9 will also constitute a cylinder shell. A construction of this kind is shown in Figs. 11, 12, 13a and 13b, in which the heat exchanger is realized in this manner, but in which the heat-exchanging element is different from that in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • the metal strip may alternatively be given such shape that those edges of the development of the strip which must constitute the extremities of the channels are straight, as is shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8. As before, the parts 5
  • each of the protruding portions 13l4-l5 are respectively on the line forming the base of the convolutions in each corrugation or zigzag.
  • the strip material is first folded along vertical lines such as 'l41 6 in alternating directions (see Fig. 100.) to arrive at a corrugated structure as was formed for the embodiment of the invention comprising, for example, Figs. 3, 4, 5, 5a and 5b.
  • the mentioned protruding portions are additionally folded along lines such as 73-16 and 'l5l6 in such a manner that the protruding portions are pushed over the tops or ends of the channels formed by the corrugated material as shown at M in Fig. 10a.
  • this general plan of closing the ends of the channels will produce overhanging ledges or hook-shaped projections Id and !5 as shown in Fig. 10.
  • these projections will also contain upwardly facing depressions or voids similar to voids or depressions 3d described'hercinbefore and these depressions may be utilized for the retention of bonding or welding material which when built up properly can be formed into a portion IE to form a continuation of the mentioned ledge like structure.
  • This portion or member I8 integrated with the strip material can be utilized for a part of a gripping means to be described now.
  • the partition between the chambers with which the two systems of channels communicate is here constituted by a wall 16 consisting of two halves Ida and Ifib, a bent edge of each of which engages behind the projections l4 and iii.
  • the two wall halves Mia and I6?) are fastened together by means of rivets I1.
  • the end surface of the heat-exchangin element is closed by means of an amount of solder it. This particular form of construction is readily adapof channels from each other.
  • Figs. 11, 12, 13a and 131) show another form of construction of the heat-exchanger according to the invention.
  • Fig. 11 shows a development of the heat-exchanging element and
  • Fig. 12 is a sectional view of the complete heat-exchanger, while
  • Figs. 1.3a and 131) show the cross-sections A-A and B-B of the exchanger in Fig. 11.
  • Fig. 11 it is seen that a fragmentary strip of material similar to the strip 4 of Fig. 3 having similar protruding portions is used. However, since the strip material of Fig. 11 is to h formed.
  • both the top and bottom end portions of the strip material must he additionally out along an irregular line 31.
  • the extreme top and bottom portions of these mentioned end portions are of equal length and they are tipped either downwardly or upwardly depending upon their position in the material and the protruding portions are folded along lines 19 and 30 originating from points such as T! and 18 for folding in a manner similar to that already described for Fig. 3 and Fig. 6. From the previous description of the invention it is believed to be clear that when the voids formed by these folded protruding portions are filled up a bead such as a welding bead l9 similar to portion ll! of Fig. 10 can be produced and which.
  • the wall 20 serving for separating the chambers with which the two systems of channels communicate adjoins the said welding bead I9.
  • the cover 20 has a conical boundary surface 2
  • the conical end surface of the heatexchanging element is closed by means of a welding bead 23 to which adjoins the partition 24 which is secured to the outside of the welding bead 23 by means of two welding beads 25 and 25.
  • FIG. 13a it appears the folded parts of the broken line, which constitute the bound ary of the strip of material, closely engage one another, so that the welding bead 19 may be provided on them without difiiculty.
  • Fig. 11 it follows that the points of intersection 11 and lB of the folding lines between the strip parts which jointly constitute the closure of the channels are not in coincidence. due to which ex .cessive mechanic .load on the points 1! and 18 in providing the folds is avoided.
  • Fig. 1319 shows that, although at the edges of the heat-exchanging element the parts of the irregular line when folded as suggested, are substantially contiguous to each other, the channels for the passage of the medium may nevertheless have a comparatively great width.
  • the heat exchanger shown is intended as a heater fora hot-gas motor, the portion 2'! surrounding the working chamber of the motor.
  • the walls of the heatexchanging element have protuberances 28 pro- 'vided on them in such manner that their extremities contact with the extremities of the otherprotuberances 28 provided on the adjacent "wall. This can particularly be seen from Fig.
  • the walls of the exchanger are thus supported in a simple manner and it is ensured that the walls of the exchanger are not deformed owing to the difference in pressure which exists between the gases in the two channel systems.
  • the walls of the exchanger may also have provided on them ridges or similar parts (not shown) serving for guiding the gases flowing along the walls.
  • Figs. 14 and 15 show still another form of construction of the heat-exchanging element in the developed state and in the folded state respectively.
  • the folded parts 29 constitute in this case the top closures of the channel system the channels of which are indicated by 40 in Fig. 15.
  • are not closed at the top.
  • a welding bead 33 shown in dotted line in Fig. 15 may be provided on the edges 32 of the parts folded in.
  • are indicated Fig. 15 on an enlarged scale.
  • the welding bead 32 constitutes a cylindrical band surrounding the heat-exchanging element.
  • Another application of the heat-exchanging element of Figs. 14 and 15 is still imaginable, name- 1y, that in which this element is fastened, for example by soldering, to a plane wall 35, in order thus to increase the heat-absorbing and heatemitting capacity respectively of this wall.
  • This is shown diagrammatically in Fig. 16.
  • the walls through which the exchange of heat must take place forms part of a cylindrical body, which is not shown in the drawing.
  • the exchanger shown in Fig. 15 is soldered on the outside of the said body in the form of a rim.
  • in Fig. 15 are not active, so that their walls can as well directly engage one another.
  • the ends of the channels 30 are closed by folding in in the manner shown in Fig. 15. On the outside they are closed by means of welding beads 36. Further, the heat-exchanging element is surrounded by a cylindrical band 31 in such manner that slits 38 and 39 exists for the admission and the discharge of the media between the welding beads 36 and the band 31.
  • the medium is circulating in the manner indicated by the arrows.
  • the chambers containing the medium flowing through the heat-exchanging element before and after traversing the latter are separated by means of a plate 40 which adjoins the band 31.
  • a corrugated wall comprised of a blank with at least a top irregular line before its folding, said corrugated wall being angularly folded along main folding lines which are substantially parallel to each other to form wall portions running in zigzag relationship to each other, each of said folding lines being substantially equally spaced from two adjacent folding lines and extending to said top irregular line, parts of the ends of said angularly folded corrugations adjacent said top irregular line being compoundly folded at predetermined angles to form re-entrant depressions each received between two adjacent of said wall portions and alternately dis- 8 posed in opposite directions, bonding means filling a substantial portion of said alternately disposed depressions to form a fiat surfaced exterior bead, and partition means coupled to said bead.
  • a zigzag shaped wall with preformed top and bottom irregular edges the outermost portions of said edges forming the base line of equilateral triangles each having an apex on alternate zigzag folding lines of said wall, projections on said irregular edges located between said outermost portions and having their apexes on the intermediate folding lines located between the first said foldin lines, the channels of said zigzag wall being obturated at the ends thereof by folding said triangles of material over the same and reversely folding strip material contiguous to said triangles along lines convergin inwardly of each said apex, said latter folding producing stepped and converging slopes; bonding material covering said slopes to produce even generally cone-shaped beads; and end-wall forming means coupled to said zigzag wall.
  • a heat exchanger comprising adjacent channels obtained by zigza folding of a metal strip, end material integral with said strip multiply folded in over the ends of each of said channels to form zigzag enclosing members, said folded end material each having a plurality of outwardly facing voids, and bonding material within said voids forming a welding bead to retain any desired body.
  • a heat exchanger as claimed in claim 3 wherein the edges of a development of the zigzag folded strip constituting the end extremities of said channels exhibits the shape of an irregular line, the folding lines for each zigzag formation constituting the bisector of the angle which exists within the adjacent parts of the said folded end material.
  • a heat exchanger comprising zigzag folded strip with a preformed irregular perimeter forming adjacent channels, the end material of said strip being reversely and multipl folded along pairs of converging lines at equal angles to the folds of said zigzag folded strip adjacent the irregular portion of said strip to form closure means for each of said channels, said multiple folding creating a plurality of outwardly facing depressions at the end of each channel, a head of distinct welding material Within said depressions and partition means bonded to said end material, corresponding parts of said irregular perimeter being of equal length.
  • a heat exchanger as claimed in claim 5 wherein a number of small depressions in said strip along sections thereof form the walls of said channels to provide proper spacing and strengthening of said walls.
  • a heat exchanger comprising a wall through which heat is to be transmitted, said wall being folded in a zigzag manner to provide main angularly related partitions forming adjacent channels on either side of said folded wall, each fold line of said folded wall having two pairs of longitudinally-spaced divergent fold lines extending therefrom to the end of the wall, the fold line being reversely folded between its points of intersection with the divergent fold lines to form separate groups each comprising a plurality of smaller partitions cooperating to obturate each of said ends of said channels, the total number of said smaller partitions comprised in all said groups being more than twice the number of all said file of this patent:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
US616422A 1945-06-21 1945-09-14 Heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime US2616530A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE259569X 1945-06-21

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US2616530A true US2616530A (en) 1952-11-04

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US (1) US2616530A (pt)
BE (1) BE459063A (pt)
CH (1) CH259569A (pt)
DE (1) DE809918C (pt)
FR (1) FR929467A (pt)
GB (1) GB616184A (pt)
NL (1) NL66306C (pt)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3143194A (en) * 1960-06-07 1964-08-04 Designs For Recreation Areas I Building structure
US3840070A (en) * 1971-03-08 1974-10-08 Linde Ag Evaporator-condenser
US4776139A (en) * 1984-09-04 1988-10-11 Lockwood David N Building panels
EP0492799A1 (en) * 1990-12-22 1992-07-01 United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Heat exchanger
EP1251325A2 (en) * 2001-04-18 2002-10-23 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger
US20110223848A1 (en) * 2010-03-10 2011-09-15 Thomas Lipinski Ventilation system

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1142618B (de) * 1960-06-24 1963-01-24 Daimler Benz Ag Kreuzstrom-Plattenwaermetauscher, dessen Waermetauschkoerper aus einem in rechteckige oder quadratische Felder aufgeteilten und gefalteten Blechstreifen besteht
WO1982000194A1 (en) * 1980-07-07 1982-01-21 Goloff A Low profile heat exchanger and method of making the same
DK161909C (da) * 1983-05-13 1992-02-10 Optigal Sa Varmeveksler
EP0169610A3 (en) * 1984-07-23 1986-10-08 Stirling Thermal Motors Inc. Heat exchanger fins and method of making
JPH10122768A (ja) * 1996-10-17 1998-05-15 Honda Motor Co Ltd 熱交換器

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1206717A (en) * 1914-06-05 1916-11-28 Gen Electric Corrugated vessel.
US1444480A (en) * 1920-11-16 1923-02-06 Gen Electric Casing for electrical apparatus
US1472863A (en) * 1920-06-02 1923-11-06 Pittsburgh Transformer Co Method for forming transformer structures
US1516694A (en) * 1921-06-04 1924-11-25 E E Souther Iron Company Corrugated receptacle and method of making the same
US1608780A (en) * 1921-01-08 1926-11-30 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Transformer radiator

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1206717A (en) * 1914-06-05 1916-11-28 Gen Electric Corrugated vessel.
US1472863A (en) * 1920-06-02 1923-11-06 Pittsburgh Transformer Co Method for forming transformer structures
US1444480A (en) * 1920-11-16 1923-02-06 Gen Electric Casing for electrical apparatus
US1608780A (en) * 1921-01-08 1926-11-30 Westinghouse Electric & Mfg Co Transformer radiator
US1516694A (en) * 1921-06-04 1924-11-25 E E Souther Iron Company Corrugated receptacle and method of making the same

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3143194A (en) * 1960-06-07 1964-08-04 Designs For Recreation Areas I Building structure
US3840070A (en) * 1971-03-08 1974-10-08 Linde Ag Evaporator-condenser
US4776139A (en) * 1984-09-04 1988-10-11 Lockwood David N Building panels
EP0492799A1 (en) * 1990-12-22 1992-07-01 United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority Heat exchanger
EP1251325A2 (en) * 2001-04-18 2002-10-23 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger
EP1251325A3 (en) * 2001-04-18 2004-07-28 The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. Heat exchanger
US20110223848A1 (en) * 2010-03-10 2011-09-15 Thomas Lipinski Ventilation system
US9151512B2 (en) * 2010-03-10 2015-10-06 Ventive Limited Ventilation system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE809918C (de) 1951-08-02
GB616184A (en) 1949-01-18
BE459063A (pt)
NL66306C (pt)
FR929467A (fr) 1947-12-29
CH259569A (fr) 1949-01-31

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