US2604084A - Fluid heater - Google Patents
Fluid heater Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2604084A US2604084A US785106A US78510647A US2604084A US 2604084 A US2604084 A US 2604084A US 785106 A US785106 A US 785106A US 78510647 A US78510647 A US 78510647A US 2604084 A US2604084 A US 2604084A
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- chamber
- wall
- gases
- tubes
- openings
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 151
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 26
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical compound C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010442 halite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/24—Stationary reactors without moving elements inside
- B01J19/2415—Tubular reactors
- B01J19/2425—Tubular reactors in parallel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G9/00—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G9/14—Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means
- C10G9/18—Apparatus
- C10G9/20—Tube furnaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/0015—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means
- B01J2219/00155—Controlling the temperature by thermal insulation means using insulating materials or refractories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00157—Controlling the temperature by means of a burner
Definitions
- This invention relates to heaters and more particularly to fluid heaters in which products of combustion flow in indirect heat exchange relationship with fluid to be heated.
- the present invention provides a heater for the conversion of fluids, particularly the conversion of hydrocarbon oil,'in which the fluid is passed through a plurality of tubular members and the tubular members are uniformly heated both circumferentially and longitudinally thereof.
- This invention further provides a fluid heater which is efficient and of relatively simple constructlon.
- Fig. 1 is a Vertical sectional view taken on the line of Fig. 2;
- Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view taken on the line '2-2 of-Fig. 1;
- Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1, and
- Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.
- the heater of the present invention comprises a generally frustoconically shaped refractory shell or outer wall In having a cylindrical portion I l at the top thereof and another cylindrical portion l2 at the .base.
- the shell iorms'a combustion chamber I3 which is closed at the base by an annular refractory bottom I4.
- the shell is supported by girders l5 which are secured adjacent one end thereof to portion I2 of the shell. The opposite endo f said girders rest on foundation l6.
- annular row ofvertically disposed, spaced tubular members H the outside diameter of which row is slightly less than the inside diameter of upper portion ll extends longitudinally of the chamber.
- Annular row of tubular members I! forms the periphery of a passage which extends longitudinally of the chamber [3.
- the lower ends of the tubular. members pass through the bottom l4 and are in communication with an annular. lower header I8 to which the tubes are secured. Header I8 is supported by supporting members l9 cooperating with bottom plate l4. The upper ends of the tubular members ll extend beyond the upper end of the shell H and communicate v with an annular upper header 2
- a circular plate 2@ extends horizontally within the cylindrical bafile plate 22. intermedia'te'the top and bottom thereof, the outer periphery of plate 28 engagin'g'the, inner periphery of baffle 22 thereby forming a lower gas space 29 and an upper gas'space 3ll within the cylindrical b aille plate 2'2.
- Lower gas ,space 29 which receivesgases from passage 20, communicates with convection heating chamber 24 through a plurality of elongated gas inlet openings 3!.
- baffle 22 They gas inlet open: ings extend longitudinally through baffle 22 from a point beneath platev2 8 tothe lower endof said bafile and-are, as shown(Fig..3) ,spaced' sub' stantially,9 0 from one another circumferentially of baflle 22.
- Upper gas space 30 is in communicationwithpassage 24 through a plurality of gas outlet openings 32; which are similar to openings 3
- the gas outlet openings 32 are spaced substantial1y' ⁇ 9 0 from onefanother, circumferentially of halite 22 and are so positioned in relationship to inlet openings 3! as to be substantially-equidistant between openings 3l,' or spaced substantially 4J5", from each of said openings '32 circumferentially of the cylindrical baffle 22.
- the heater of the present invention is'fired by one or more burnersQ As shown, burners 33 and are provided to fire the heater, burner 33 being so disposed in relationship .to the chamber l3 as tofdirect a stream ofgases of combustion to ,flow tangentially of said chamber and tubular members 11.
- the burner 33 is mounted inthe shell Ill atone side ofth'ep'ortion l2 thereof sothat, a;.-s"tream of gases therefrom "will flow in afcircularjdirection ,within the chamber l3.
- Other ⁇ burner 34 is mounted, in bottom 14. mm; setting and positioned centrally offpassage 'fil within the row of tubular me b rs ll! to direct fluid is withdrawn from header 2
- gases of combustion from burner 33 flow in a circular direction within chamber l3 and in heat exchange relationship with the outer periphery of the circular row of tubular members I1.
- the diameter of the circular flow path of the gases of combustion gradually decreases due to the shape of shell [.0 and chamber l3; Gases of combustion flowing from burner34'flow-verticallynpwardly in passage within the circular row oi'tubular members I! and passin heat exchange relationship with the inner periphery of said row of tubes.
- the gases entering passage 24 flow in clockwise and in counterclockwise directions and also upwardly to enter gas outlet openings 32 at opposite sides of a gas inletopeningil after passing in convection heat exchange relationship with the upper portion of tubular members [1 within passage 24.
- a portion of the gases from each gas inlet opening 3! will flow in a counterclockwise direction overtubes comprising a substantially 45 portion of the circular row of tubular members before entering a gas outlet slot 32 while another portion of the gases 'will flow in a clockwise direction over other tubes comprising another substantially 45 portion of said circular row of tubes.
- From the gas outlets 32, the gases of combustion. enter upper gas space 30 above cylindrical baflle 22 and flow outwardly of the setting through flue 26.
- means for producing a stream of gases of combustion disposed in the lower portion of the furnace to directsaid stream upwardly and longitudinally of the axial passage means forming a convection-heating chamber around the upper portion of said tubes and extending axially thereof, the annular outer wall forming the outer periphery of the, convection heating chamber, an annular inner, wall in spaced relationship with the outer Wall and the tubular members and ex pending axially of said members, the space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and'the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in a confined space aroundsaid members, said convection heating chamber being separated from the firstmentioned chamber and having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings, the gas inlet openings being positioned to communicate with the lower portion of thefconvection chamber and with said axial passage at a plurality ofcircumferentially spaeed'points and the gas outlet openings being positione'dftocommun
- inlet openings said inlet openings'and the outlet openings being spaced from one another such distance that a stream of gases passing from an'inlet opening divides and the gases flow to adjacent outlet openings transversely of theupper portion of a plurality of tubular members in a generally horizontal direc tion, a baille disposed above the inlet openings, below the outlet openings and in the path of flow of the gases in said first-mentioned chamber so as to direct said gases into theconvection section through said gas inlet openings, and gas outlet means for the furnace in communication with said gas outlet openings.
- a furnace having a vertically extending circular chamber comprising an annular outer wall, an annular row of spacedtubesspaced from the outer wall, said row being of lesser diameter than the chamber, the tubes being disposed to extend longitudinally of the chamber and arranged to surround an axial passage, means for producing a stream of gases of combustion disposed in the lower portion of the furnace to direct said stream upwardly and longitudinally of the axial passage, means forming a convection heating chamber around the upper portion of said tubes and extending axially thereof, the annular outer wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber, said means comprising an annular inner wall of a diameter slightly less than the diameter of said annular row of tubes, a bottom wallthrough which the tubes extend arranged to close the bottom of the convection chamber in a fluid-tight manner, and a top wall above the bottom wall in spaced relationship thereto and arranged to close the top of said convection heating chamber in a fluid-tight manner, the space between the outer wall and the tubes and the
- a furnace having a vertically extending circular chamber comprising an annular outer wall, an annular row of spaced tubes spaced from the outer wall, said row being of lesser diameter than the chamber, the tubes being disposed to extend longitudinally of the chamber and arranged to surroundan axial passage, means for producing a stream of gases of combustion disposed in the lower portion of the furnace to direct saidstream upwardly and longitudinallyof the axial passage, other means for producing astream ofgases of combustion, said other means being disposedin the lower portion of the furnace chamber so as to direct a stream of gases of combustion tangentially of the furnace chamber and circumferentially of the annular row of tubes, means forming a convection heating chamber around the upper portion of said tubes and extending axially thereof, the annular outer wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber, said means comprising an annular inner wall of a diameter slightly less than the diameter of said annular row of tubes, a bottom wall through which the tubes extend arranged to close the bottom of the convection chamber in
- a heater having a substantially vertically extending circular furnace chamber comprising an annular outer wall thetop of the chamber being cylindrically shaped and of lesser diameter than the bottom of the furnace, the portion of said chamber intermediate the top and bottom being of frusto-conical shape, a substantially annular group of fluid conducting tubular members spaced from the outer wall, the tube group being of slightly lesser diameter than said, top of the chamber and extending longitudinally of the furnace chamber, the tubes being arranged to form an axial passage within the group, means forming a convection heating chamber in said wall and the tubes and'the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in a confined space around said members, the inner wall having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings therethrough, the gas inlet openings being positioned in the lower portion of thewall and spaced circumferentially from one another, the gas outlet openings being positioned in the upper portion of wall above the inlet openings and at spaced points intermediate said inlet openings
- a baffle extending transversely of the firstmentioned chamber in the path of flow of the gases of combustion and disposed in fluid-tight relationship with said inner wall above said inletopenings and below said outlet openings, means adjacent said bottom of the furnace for producing a stream of products of combustion and disposed to direct said gaseslongitudinally of the axial passage and toward the top of the furnace, other means adjacent the bottom of the furnace chamber for producing a stream of gases of combustion, said other means being so disposed as to direct a stream of gases tangentially of said chamber and circumferentially of the tube group, and gas outlet means in communication with said gas outlet openings.
- a furnace having .a vertically extending chamber comprising an annular outer wall, said chamber being substantially circular in transverse cross-section, a substantially annular group of fluid conducting tubulanmembers disposed in said chamber to extend longitudinally thereof, said tubes being spaced from the outer wall and arranged to form an axial passage within the group, firing means for firing the furnace disposed in the lower portion thereof, means forming a convection heating chamber around the upper portion of said tubes and extending axially thereof, the annular outer wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber, an annular inner wall in spaced relationship with the outer wall and the tubular members and extending axially of said members, the space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in'a confined space around said members, said convection heating chamber being separated from the firstmentioned chamber and having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings, the gas inlet openings being positioned
- a furnace having a vertically extending chamber comprising an annular outer wall, said chamber being substantially circular in transversecross-section, a substantially annular group of fluid conducting, tubular members disposed in said chamber to extend longitudinally thereof,
- said tubes being spaced from the outer wall and arranged to form an axial passages within the 7 group, firing means for firing the furnace disposed in the lower portion thereof, means forming a convection heating chamber around the upper portion of said tubes and extending axially thereof, the annular outer Wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber, an annular inner wall in spaced relationship with the outer wall and the tubular members and extending axially of said members, the, space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in a confined space around said members, said convection heating chamber being separated from the firstmentioned chamber and having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings, the gas inlet open ings being positioned to communicate with the lower portion of the convection chamber and with said axial passage at a plurality.
- a heater having a substantially vertically extending circular furnace chamber comprising an annular outer wall the top of the chamber being cylindrically shaped and of lesser diameter "than the bottom of the furnace, the portion of said chamber intermediate the top and bottom being of frusto-conical shape, a substantially annular group of fluid conducting tubular members spaced fromthe cuter wall, the group being of slightly lesser diameter than said top of the chamber and extending longitudinally of the furnace'chamb'er, the'tubes' being arranged to form an axial passage within the group, firing means for firing the furnace disposed in the lower portion thereof, means forming a convection heating chamber in said top of the chamber extend ing around the upper end of the tubes and axially thereof, the'annular outer wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber, an annular inner'wall in spaced relationship with the outer wall and the tubular members and extending axially of said members, the space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow
- a heater having a substantially vertically extending circular furnace chamber comprising an annular outer wall the top'of the chamber being cylindrically shaped and of lesser diameter than the bottom of the furnace, the portion of said chamber intermediatethe top and bottom being of frusto-conical shape, a substantially annular group of fluid conducting tubular members spaced from the outer wall, the group being of slightly lesser diameter than said top of the chamber and extending longitudinally of the furnace chamber, the tubes being arranged to form an axial passage within the group, firing means for firing the furnace disposed in the lower portion thereof, means forming a convection heating chamber in said top of the chamber extending around the upper end of the tubes and axially thereof, the annular outer Wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber, an annular inner wall in spaced relationship with the outer wall and the tubular members and extending axially of said members, the space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in a
- a furnace having a vertically extending circular chamber comprising an annular outer wall
- the annular outer wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber
- said means comprising an annular inner wall of a diameter slightly less than the diameter of said annular row of tubes, a bottom wall through which the tubes extend arranged to close the bottom of the convection chamber in a fluid-tight manner, and a top wall above the bottom wall in spaced relationship thereto and arranged to close the top of said convection heating chamber in a fluid-tight manner, the space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in a confined space around said members, the inner wall having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings therethrough, the gas inlet openings being positioned in the lower portion of the wall and spaced circumferentially from one another substantially 90 and the gas outlet openings being positioned in the upper portion of the wall above the inlet openings and spaced
- gas outlet means for the furnace in communication with said gas outlet openings.
- a heater having a substantially vertically extending circular furnace chamber comprising an annular outer wall, the top of the chamber being cylindrically shaped and of lesser diameter than the bottom of the furnace, the portion of said chamber intermediate the top and bottombeing of frusto-conical shape, a substantially annular group of fluid conducting tubular members spaced from the outer wall, the tube group being of slightly lesser diameter than said top of the chamber and extending longitudinally of the furnace chamber, the tubes being arranged to form an axial passage within the group, means forming a convection heating chamber in said top of the chamber and around the upper end of the tubes the annular outer wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber which chamber comprises an annular inner wall of a diameter slightly less than the diameter of said annular row of tubes, a bottom wall through which the tubes extend arranged to close the bottom of the convection chamber in a fluidtight manner, and a top Wall above the bottom wall in spaced relationship thereto and arranged to close the top of said convection heating chamber in a fluid-t
Description
July 22, 1952 T. H. SHERMAN 2,604,084
FLUID HEATER Filed Nov. 10, 194'! '2 Sl-IEETS-SHEET 1 INVENTOR 72%0 .64 jflfRMA/V July 22, 1952 T. H. SHERMAN 2,604,084
FLUID HEATER Filed Nov. 10, 1947 2 SHEETS-SHEET. 2
INVENTOR fie/46 b. JHEE/VAA/ Patented July 22, 1952 Tracy H. ShermanQSouth Nyack, Y; assignor' to Fost er Wheeler Corporation, New York,
N. Y., a corporation of New York Application November 10, 1947, Serial No. 785,l06
This invention relates to heaters and more particularly to fluid heaters in which products of combustion flow in indirect heat exchange relationship with fluid to be heated.
The present invention provides a heater for the conversion of fluids, particularly the conversion of hydrocarbon oil,'in which the fluid is passed through a plurality of tubular members and the tubular members are uniformly heated both circumferentially and longitudinally thereof.
This invention further provides a fluid heater which is efficient and of relatively simple constructlon.
This invention will be understood from the following description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof and in which:
Fig. 1 is a Vertical sectional view taken on the line of Fig. 2;
Fig. 2 is a sectional plan view taken on the line '2-2 of-Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1, and
Fig. 4 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1.
Like characters of reference refer to the same or to similar parts throughout the several views.
Referring to the drawings, the heater of the present invention comprises a generally frustoconically shaped refractory shell or outer wall In having a cylindrical portion I l at the top thereof and another cylindrical portion l2 at the .base. The shell iorms'a combustion chamber I3 which is closed at the base by an annular refractory bottom I4. The shell is supported by girders l5 which are secured adjacent one end thereof to portion I2 of the shell. The opposite endo f said girders rest on foundation l6.
An annular row ofvertically disposed, spaced tubular members H, the outside diameter of which row is slightly less than the inside diameter of upper portion ll extends longitudinally of the chamber. l3., Annular row of tubular members I! forms the periphery of a passage which extends longitudinally of the chamber [3.
The lower ends of the tubular. members pass through the bottom l4 and are in communication with an annular. lower header I8 to which the tubes are secured. Header I8 is supported by supporting members l9 cooperating with bottom plate l4. The upper ends of the tubular members ll extend beyond the upper end of the shell H and communicate v with an annular upper header 2| to which the tubes are connected.
A cylindrical baffle plate or inner wall 22, having an outside diameter slightly less than .the diameter of the passage 20, is positioned within the passage 20'at the top thereof, said baffle plate extending substantially vertically in the passage 10 Claims. (01. 122-333 and being longitudinally coextensive with the cylindrical portion ,ll .of the shell. A bottomf ring plate 23, throughwhich tubular members I! extend in a fluid' rtightmanner attire outer periphery thereof, is securely mounted in 'flui'dtight relationship in the shell [0 and at the inner periphery thereof is secured in a fluid-tight manner to the baffle plate 22 thereby forming a bottom wall for, a passage or convection heate ing chamber 24 the inner periphery of whioh'is formed by the baffle plate '22 while the outer periphery thereof is formed by the inner surface of the cylindrical portion ll of Shell 10. The passage 24 is closed at the. topithereof by an annular top plate 25, which is in the form ofa ring, and is incommunication at the central portion thereof witha flue 26.. Header 2i is enclosed by an enclosing box structure 2l.
A circular plate 2@ extends horizontally Within the cylindrical bafile plate 22. intermedia'te'the top and bottom thereof, the outer periphery of plate 28 engagin'g'the, inner periphery of baffle 22 thereby forming a lower gas space 29 and an upper gas'space 3ll within the cylindrical b aille plate 2'2., Lower gas ,space 29 which receivesgases from passage 20, communicates with convection heating chamber 24 through a plurality of elongated gas inlet openings 3!. They gas inlet open: ings extend longitudinally through baffle 22 from a point beneath platev2 8 tothe lower endof said bafile and-are, as shown(Fig..3) ,spaced' sub' stantially,9 0 from one another circumferentially of baflle 22. Upper gas space 30 is in communicationwithpassage 24 through a plurality of gas outlet openings 32; which are similar to openings 3| but extend from a point adjacent the upper surface of plate-28.to theupper edge of cyling drical baffle 22. The gas outlet openings 32, as shown (Fig. 4) are spaced substantial1y'{9 0 from onefanother, circumferentially of halite 22 and are so positioned in relationship to inlet openings 3! as to be substantially-equidistant between openings 3l,' or spaced substantially 4J5", from each of said openings '32 circumferentially of the cylindrical baffle 22.
The heater of the present invention is'fired by one or more burnersQ As shown, burners 33 and are provided to fire the heater, burner 33 being so disposed in relationship .to the chamber l3 as tofdirect a stream ofgases of combustion to ,flow tangentially of said chamber and tubular members 11. The burner 33,, as lsh'ownmore particularly in Figs. 1 andZ, is mounted inthe shell Ill atone side ofth'ep'ortion l2 thereof sothat, a;.-s"tream of gases therefrom "will flow in afcircularjdirection ,within the chamber l3. Other} burner 34 is mounted, in bottom 14. mm; setting and positioned centrally offpassage 'fil within the row of tubular me b rs ll! to direct fluid is withdrawn from header 2| through outlet pipe 36.
In operation, gases of combustion from burner 33 flow in a circular direction within chamber l3 and in heat exchange relationship with the outer periphery of the circular row of tubular members I1. As the gases rise, the diameter of the circular flow path of the gases of combustion gradually decreases due to the shape of shell [.0 and chamber l3; Gases of combustion flowing from burner34'flow-verticallynpwardly in passage within the circular row oi'tubular members I! and passin heat exchange relationship with the inner periphery of said row of tubes.
The gasesrof combustion flowing upwardly pass into lower gas space 29 of cylindricalbaiile 22 and impinge on the under. surface of plate 28 thereafter to flow into passage 24 through gas inlets 3|. The gases entering passage 24 flow in clockwise and in counterclockwise directions and also upwardly to enter gas outlet openings 32 at opposite sides of a gas inletopeningil after passing in convection heat exchange relationship with the upper portion of tubular members [1 within passage 24. A portion of the gases from each gas inlet opening 3! will flow in a counterclockwise direction overtubes comprising a substantially 45 portion of the circular row of tubular members before entering a gas outlet slot 32 while another portion of the gases 'will flow in a clockwise direction over other tubes comprising another substantially 45 portion of said circular row of tubes. From the gas outlets 32, the gases of combustion. enter upper gas space 30 above cylindrical baflle 22 and flow outwardly of the setting through flue 26.
From the foregoing it will be readily understood that an efiicient transfer of heat from the gases of combustion to the fluid flowing throug the tubular members is attained. 1
- While the spacing of thegas inlets ill from one another and the spacing of the gas outlets 32 from one another has been shown and described as substantially 90 andlthe spacing of the gas inlets and gas'outlets from one another has been set forth as substantially the spacing may be of a greater or lesser degree without departing from theinvention.
Changes may be made in the form, location and relative arrangement of the several parts of the arranged to form" an axial passage within the,
group, means for producing a stream of gases of combustion disposed in the lower portion of the furnace to directsaid stream upwardly and longitudinally of the axial passage, means forming a convection-heating chamber around the upper portion of said tubes and extending axially thereof, the annular outer wall forming the outer periphery of the, convection heating chamber, an annular inner, wall in spaced relationship with the outer Wall and the tubular members and ex pending axially of said members, the space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and'the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in a confined space aroundsaid members, said convection heating chamber being separated from the firstmentioned chamber and having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings, the gas inlet openings being positioned to communicate with the lower portion of thefconvection chamber and with said axial passage at a plurality ofcircumferentially spaeed'points and the gas outlet openings being positione'dftocommunicate with, the upper portion of the convection chamber at a plurality of circumferentially'spacedpoints above and intermediate said. inlet openings, said inlet openings'and the outlet openings being spaced from one another such distance that a stream of gases passing from an'inlet opening divides and the gases flow to adjacent outlet openings transversely of theupper portion of a plurality of tubular members in a generally horizontal direc tion, a baille disposed above the inlet openings, below the outlet openings and in the path of flow of the gases in said first-mentioned chamber so as to direct said gases into theconvection section through said gas inlet openings, and gas outlet means for the furnace in communication with said gas outlet openings.
3. A furnace having a vertically extending circular chamber comprising an annular outer wall, an annular row of spaced tubes spaced from the outer wall, said row being of lesser diameter than the chamber, the tubes being disposed to extend longitudinally of the chamber and arranged to surroundan axial passage, means for producing a stream of gases of combustion disposed in the lower portion of the furnace to direct saidstream upwardly and longitudinallyof the axial passage, other means for producing astream ofgases of combustion, said other means being disposedin the lower portion of the furnace chamber so as to direct a stream of gases of combustion tangentially of the furnace chamber and circumferentially of the annular row of tubes, means forming a convection heating chamber around the upper portion of said tubes and extending axially thereof, the annular outer wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber, said means comprising an annular inner wall of a diameter slightly less than the diameter of said annular row of tubes, a bottom wall through which the tubes extend arranged to close the bottom of the convection chamber in a fluid-tight manner, and a top wall above the bottom wall in spaced relationship thereto and arranged to close the top of said convection heating chamber in a fluid-tight manner,'the space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in a confined space around said members, the inner wall having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings therethrough, the gas inlet openings being positioned in the lower portion of the wall and spaced circumferentially from one another, the gas outlet openings being positioned in the upper portion of the wall above the inlet openings and at spaced pointsintermediate said inlet openings, said inlet openings and the outlet openings being spaced from one another such distance that a stream of gases passing from an in let opening divides and the gases flow to adjacent outlet openings transversely of the upper portion of a plurality of tubular members in a generally horizontal direction, a baflle extending transversely of the first-mentioned chamber'in the path of flow of the gases of combustion and disposed in fluid-tight relationship with said inner wall above said inlet openings and below said outlet openings, and gas outlet means for the furnace in communication with said gas outlet openings. I e
4. A heater having a substantially vertically extending circular furnace chamber comprising an annular outer wall thetop of the chamber being cylindrically shaped and of lesser diameter than the bottom of the furnace, the portion of said chamber intermediate the top and bottom being of frusto-conical shape, a substantially annular group of fluid conducting tubular members spaced from the outer wall, the tube group being of slightly lesser diameter than said, top of the chamber and extending longitudinally of the furnace chamber, the tubes being arranged to form an axial passage within the group, means forming a convection heating chamber in said wall and the tubes and'the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in a confined space around said members, the inner wall having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings therethrough, the gas inlet openings being positioned in the lower portion of thewall and spaced circumferentially from one another, the gas outlet openings being positioned in the upper portion of wall above the inlet openings and at spaced points intermediate said inlet openings, said in-, let openings and the outlet-openings being spaced from one another 1 such distance that a stream of gases passing from an inlet opening divides and the gases flow to adjacent outlet-openings transversely of the upper portion of. a plurality of tubular members in a generally horizontal direction, a baffle extending transversely of the firstmentioned chamber in the path of flow of the gases of combustion and disposed in fluid-tight relationship with said inner wall above said inletopenings and below said outlet openings, means adjacent said bottom of the furnace for producing a stream of products of combustion and disposed to direct said gaseslongitudinally of the axial passage and toward the top of the furnace, other means adjacent the bottom of the furnace chamber for producing a stream of gases of combustion, said other means being so disposed as to direct a stream of gases tangentially of said chamber and circumferentially of the tube group, and gas outlet means in communication with said gas outlet openings.
5. A furnace having .a vertically extending chamber comprising an annular outer wall, said chamber being substantially circular in transverse cross-section, a substantially annular group of fluid conducting tubulanmembers disposed in said chamber to extend longitudinally thereof, said tubes being spaced from the outer wall and arranged to form an axial passage within the group, firing means for firing the furnace disposed in the lower portion thereof, means forming a convection heating chamber around the upper portion of said tubes and extending axially thereof, the annular outer wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber, an annular inner wall in spaced relationship with the outer wall and the tubular members and extending axially of said members, the space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in'a confined space around said members, said convection heating chamber being separated from the firstmentioned chamber and having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings, the gas inlet openings being positioned to communicate with the lower portion of the convection chamber and with said axial passage at a plurality of circumferentially spaced points and the gas outlet openings being positioned to communicate with the upper portion of the: convection chamber at a plurality of circumferentially spaced points above and intermediate said inlet openings, said inlet openings and the outlet openings being spaced from one another such distance that a stream of gases passing from an inlet opening divides and the gases flow to adjacent outlet openings transversely of the upper portion of a plurality of tubular members in a generally horizontal direction, a baflie disposed above the inlet openings, below the outlet openings and in the path of flow of the gases in said first-mentioned chamber so as to direct said gases into the convection section through said gas inlet openings, and gas outlet means for the furnace in communication with said gas outlet openings.
6. A furnace having a vertically extending chamber comprising an annular outer wall, said chamber being substantially circular in transversecross-section, a substantially annular group of fluid conducting, tubular members disposed in said chamber to extend longitudinally thereof,
said tubes being spaced from the outer wall and arranged to form an axial passages within the 7 group, firing means for firing the furnace disposed in the lower portion thereof, means forming a convection heating chamber around the upper portion of said tubes and extending axially thereof, the annular outer Wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber, an annular inner wall in spaced relationship with the outer wall and the tubular members and extending axially of said members, the, space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in a confined space around said members, said convection heating chamber being separated from the firstmentioned chamber and having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings, the gas inlet open ings being positioned to communicate with the lower portion of the convection chamber and with said axial passage at a plurality. of points spaced circumferentially from one another substantially 90 and the gas outlet openings being positioned to communicate with the upper convection chamher at a plurality of points above the inlet openings andspaced circumferentiallyifrom one another substantially 90 and spaced circumferentially from the inlet openings substantially 45, said inlet openings and the outlet openings being spaced from one another such distance that a stream of gases passing from an inlet opening divides and the gases flow to adjacent outlet open-' ings transversely of the upper portion of a plurality of tubular members in a generally horizontal direction, a bafile disposed above the inlet openings, below the outlet openings and in the path of flow of the gases in said first-mentioned chamber so as to direct said gases into the convection section through said gas inlet openings, and gas outlet means for the furnace in communica tion with said gas outlet openings.
7. A heater having a substantially vertically extending circular furnace chamber comprising an annular outer wall the top of the chamber being cylindrically shaped and of lesser diameter "than the bottom of the furnace, the portion of said chamber intermediate the top and bottom being of frusto-conical shape, a substantially annular group of fluid conducting tubular members spaced fromthe cuter wall, the group being of slightly lesser diameter than said top of the chamber and extending longitudinally of the furnace'chamb'er, the'tubes' being arranged to form an axial passage within the group, firing means for firing the furnace disposed in the lower portion thereof, means forming a convection heating chamber in said top of the chamber extend ing around the upper end of the tubes and axially thereof, the'annular outer wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber, an annular inner'wall in spaced relationship with the outer wall and the tubular members and extending axially of said members, the space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in a confined space around said members, said convection heating chamber being separated from the firstmentioned chamber and having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings, the gas inlet openings being positioned tocommunicate with the lower portion of the convection chamber and with said axial passage at a plurality of circumferentially spaced points and the gas outlet openings being positioned to communicate with the upper portion of the convection chamber at a plurality of circumferentially spaced points above and intermediate said inlet openings, said inlet openings and the outlet openings being spaced from one another such distancethat a stream of gases passing from an inlet opening divides and the gases flow to adjacent outlet openings transversely of the upper portion of a plurality of tubular members in a generally horizontal direction, a baffle disposed above the inlet openings, below the outlet openings and in the path of flow of the gases in said first-mentioned chamber so as to direct said gases into the convection section through said gas inlet openings, and gas outlet means for the furnace in communication with said gas outlet openings.
8. A heater having a substantially vertically extending circular furnace chamber comprising an annular outer wall the top'of the chamber being cylindrically shaped and of lesser diameter than the bottom of the furnace, the portion of said chamber intermediatethe top and bottom being of frusto-conical shape, a substantially annular group of fluid conducting tubular members spaced from the outer wall, the group being of slightly lesser diameter than said top of the chamber and extending longitudinally of the furnace chamber, the tubes being arranged to form an axial passage within the group, firing means for firing the furnace disposed in the lower portion thereof, means forming a convection heating chamber in said top of the chamber extending around the upper end of the tubes and axially thereof, the annular outer Wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber, an annular inner wall in spaced relationship with the outer wall and the tubular members and extending axially of said members, the space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in a confined space around said members, said convection heating chamber being separated from the first-mentioned chamber and having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings, the gas inlet openings being positioned to communicate with the lower portion of the convection chamber and with said axial passage at a plurality of points spaced circumferentially from one another substantially 90 and the gas outlet openings being positioned to communicate with the upper convection chamber at a plurality of points above the inlet openings and spaced circumferentially from one another substantially 90 and spaced circumferentially from the inlet openings substantially 45, said inlet opening and the outlet openings being spaced from one another such distance that a stream of gases passing from an inlet opening divides and the gases flow to adjacent outlet openings transversely of the upper portion of a plurality of tubular members in a generally-horizontal direction, a baflle disposed above the inlet openings, below the outlet openings and in the path of flow of the gases in said first-mentioned chamber so as to direct said gases into the convection section through said gas inlet openings, and gas outlet means for the furnace in communication with said gas outlet openings.
9. A furnace having a vertically extending circular chamber comprising an annular outer wall,
an annular row of spaced tubes spaced from the outer wall, said row being of lesser diameter than the chamber, the tubes being disposed to extend longitudinally of the chamber and arranged to surround an axial passage, means for producing a stream of gases of combustion disposed in the lower portion of the furnace to direct said stream upwardly and longitudinally of the axial passage, other means for producing a stream of gases of combustion, said other means being disposed in the lower portion of the furnace chamber so as to direct a stream of gases of combustion tangentially of the furnace chamber and circumferentially of the annular row of tubes, means forming a con-,
vection heating chamber around the upper portion of said tubes and extending axially thereof, the annular outer wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber, said means comprising an annular inner wall of a diameter slightly less than the diameter of said annular row of tubes, a bottom wall through which the tubes extend arranged to close the bottom of the convection chamber in a fluid-tight manner, and a top wall above the bottom wall in spaced relationship thereto and arranged to close the top of said convection heating chamber in a fluid-tight manner, the space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in a confined space around said members, the inner wall having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings therethrough, the gas inlet openings being positioned in the lower portion of the wall and spaced circumferentially from one another substantially 90 and the gas outlet openings being positioned in the upper portion of the wall above the inlet openings and spaced circumferentially of one another substantially 90 and spaced circumferentially from the inlet openings substantially 45, said inlet openings and the outlet openings being spaced from one another such distance that a stream of gases passing from an inlet opening divides and the gases flow to adjacent outlet openings transversely of the upper portion of a plurality of tubular members in a generally horizontal direction, a baflie extending transversely of the first-mentioned chamber in the path of flow of the gases of combustion and disposed'in fluid-tight relationship with said inner wall above said inlet openings and below said outlet openings,
and, gas outlet means for the furnace in communication with said gas outlet openings.
10. A heater having a substantially vertically extending circular furnace chamber comprising an annular outer wall, the top of the chamber being cylindrically shaped and of lesser diameter than the bottom of the furnace, the portion of said chamber intermediate the top and bottombeing of frusto-conical shape, a substantially annular group of fluid conducting tubular members spaced from the outer wall, the tube group being of slightly lesser diameter than said top of the chamber and extending longitudinally of the furnace chamber, the tubes being arranged to form an axial passage within the group, means forming a convection heating chamber in said top of the chamber and around the upper end of the tubes the annular outer wall forming the outer periphery of the convection heating chamber which chamber comprises an annular inner wall of a diameter slightly less than the diameter of said annular row of tubes, a bottom wall through which the tubes extend arranged to close the bottom of the convection chamber in a fluidtight manner, and a top Wall above the bottom wall in spaced relationship thereto and arranged to close the top of said convection heating chamber in a fluid-tight manner, the space between the outer wall and the tubes and the space between the inner wall and the tubes being such as to cause the gases to flow in heat exchange relationship with the tubular members in a confined space around said members, the inner wall having a plurality of gas inlet and gas outlet openings therethrough, the gas inlet openings being positioned in the lower portion of the wall and spaced circumferentially from one another substantially and the gas outlet openings being positioned in the upper portion of the wall above the inlet openings and spaced circumferentially of one another substantially 90 and spaced circumferentially from the inlet openings substantially 45, said inlet openings and the outlet openings being spaced from one another such distance that a stream of gases passing from an inlet opening divides and the gases flow to adjacent outlet openings transversely of the upper portion of a plurality of tubular members'in a generally horizontal direction, a baflle extending transversely of the first-mentioned chamber in the path of flow of the gases of combustion and disposed in fluid-tight relationship with said inner wall above said inlet openings and below said outlet openings, means adjacent said bottom of the furnace for producing a stream of products of combustion and disposed to direct said gases longitudinally of the axial passage and toward the top of the furnace, other means adjacent the bottom of the furnace chamber for producing a stream of gases of combustion, said other means being so disposed as to direct a stream of gases tangentially of said chamber and circumferentially of the tube group, and gas outlet means in communication with said gas outlet openings.
TRACY H. SHERMAN.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,881,275 I-Iuif Oct. 4, 1942 2,276,528 Throckmorton et al Mar. 17, 1942 2,514,279 Gleber July 4, 1950
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US785106A US2604084A (en) | 1947-11-10 | 1947-11-10 | Fluid heater |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US785106A US2604084A (en) | 1947-11-10 | 1947-11-10 | Fluid heater |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2604084A true US2604084A (en) | 1952-07-22 |
Family
ID=25134458
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US785106A Expired - Lifetime US2604084A (en) | 1947-11-10 | 1947-11-10 | Fluid heater |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2604084A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1124061B (en) * | 1958-01-29 | 1962-02-22 | Born Engineering Company | Pipe heater with pipes arranged vertically in an upwardly tapering heater room |
| DE1255639B (en) * | 1961-06-15 | 1967-12-07 | Hermann C Schutt Dr Ing | Industrial furnace |
| US3650248A (en) * | 1970-06-08 | 1972-03-21 | Avy Lewis Miller | Heating system |
| WO2021035345A1 (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-03-04 | Solideum Inc. | Separation of viscous oils into components |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1881275A (en) * | 1928-08-22 | 1932-10-04 | Lyman C Huff | Heater |
| US2276528A (en) * | 1941-05-02 | 1942-03-17 | Petro Chem Dev Company | Apparatus for heating fluids |
| US2514279A (en) * | 1947-10-29 | 1950-07-04 | Kellogg M W Co | Heater for fluids |
-
1947
- 1947-11-10 US US785106A patent/US2604084A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1881275A (en) * | 1928-08-22 | 1932-10-04 | Lyman C Huff | Heater |
| US2276528A (en) * | 1941-05-02 | 1942-03-17 | Petro Chem Dev Company | Apparatus for heating fluids |
| US2514279A (en) * | 1947-10-29 | 1950-07-04 | Kellogg M W Co | Heater for fluids |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1124061B (en) * | 1958-01-29 | 1962-02-22 | Born Engineering Company | Pipe heater with pipes arranged vertically in an upwardly tapering heater room |
| DE1255639B (en) * | 1961-06-15 | 1967-12-07 | Hermann C Schutt Dr Ing | Industrial furnace |
| US3650248A (en) * | 1970-06-08 | 1972-03-21 | Avy Lewis Miller | Heating system |
| WO2021035345A1 (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2021-03-04 | Solideum Inc. | Separation of viscous oils into components |
| US11753593B2 (en) | 2019-08-23 | 2023-09-12 | Ian Donald Gates | Separation of viscous oils into components |
| US11851619B2 (en) | 2019-08-23 | 2023-12-26 | Ian Donald Gates | Separation of viscous oils into components |
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