US2601612A - Gas turbine motor of reduced - Google Patents
Gas turbine motor of reduced Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2601612A US2601612A US61286645A US2601612A US 2601612 A US2601612 A US 2601612A US 61286645 A US61286645 A US 61286645A US 2601612 A US2601612 A US 2601612A
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- United States
- Prior art keywords
- compressor
- chambers
- gas turbine
- gas
- reduced
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/42—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the arrangement or form of the flame tubes or combustion chambers
- F23R3/46—Combustion chambers comprising an annular arrangement of several essentially tubular flame tubes within a common annular casing or within individual casings
Definitions
- Gas turbine motors are particularly satisfactory from this point of view. Nevertheless the arrangement of the combustion chamber may cause an inconvenient increase in dimensions and the object of the present invention is to reduce this increase.
- the combustion chamber is subdivided into several chambers connected in parallel between the compressor and the turbine and distributed around the axis of the motor or of the compressor.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic view in section of a gas turbine motor of a known type.
- Fig. 2 is an axial section of a motor in conf ormity with the invention.
- Fig. 3 is a transverse section on line III-III of Fig. 2.
- Figs. 4 and 5 are transverse sections of two modifications.
- a gas turbine motor is constituted essentially, as shown in Fig. 1, by an air compressor C, by one or more combustion chambers Ch and by an expansion turbine T which is for example divided into two elements, one of which, Tc, controls the compressor, and the other of which, Tm, provides the motive power properly socalled.
- the arrangement of the combustion chambers forming the subject of the present invention permits of housing the whole of the motor in a volume having a diameter as small as possible, whilst at the same time maintaining conditions which are necessary for the good operation of these chambers and comprising in particular:
- a length of chamber sufficient for obtaining a combustion which is as complete as possible.
- a double circulation, cold air outside-hot gas inside in such a way as to recuperate a maximum quantity of calories lost externally by convection and radiation.
- This arrangement permits likewise of not puttin to Work the internal hot wall, the pressure being supported by the cold external wall.
- the motor comprises a certain number of combustion chambers Ch disposed around the compressor.
- These combustion chambers have cylindricalwalls in such a way as to obtain maximum lightness of the casing for a given pressure. They have double walls I, 2, the cold air coming from the compressor circulating externally of the chambers between the envelopes I and 2, the hot gases internally.
- the burners or atomisers b disposed in the heads are particularly accessible and easy to inspect and to dismantle.
- the length dimension being free within the limit of that of the compressor, a length necessary for the development of the flame and for complete combustion may easily be provided.
- the external diameter of the turbine Ta necessary for driving the compressor being greater than the diameter of the compressor, the connection of such chambers at the inlet of the turbines is particularly favourable, and the external diameter may be equal to or only slightly greater than that of the turbines. From the point of view of expansion it is of interest that the chambers are connected to the compressor only by connecting tubes 3 supplying air under pressure, the chambers then being able to expand freely.
- the chambers may be arranged only on a portion of a circle. which surrounds the compressor, or better on two oppositely disposed sectors, as illustrated in Fig. 5.
- Fig. 4 relates to another particular construction of the invention comprising combustion chambers which have a lenticular cross-section in such a way as to obtain a very small volume with a moderate number of chambers.
- combustion chambers which have a lenticular cross-section in such a way as to obtain a very small volume with a moderate number of chambers.
- this disadvantage may be remedied by providing a connection between the different chambers by small bars 4.
- the arrangement can still expand freely diametrically and lengthwise.
- a gas turbine power plant comprising in combination an axial-flow multi-stage air compressor having a discharge passage, an axial-flow gas turbine coaxial with said compressor, adjacent thereto and adapted to drive same, said turbine having a gas-intake passage, the overall diameter of said turbine being greater than the over-all diameter of said compressor, and a plurality of separate, elongated combustion chambers of lenticular cross-section, each having an air inlet connected to said discharge passage and a gas outlet connected to' said gas-intake passage, said elongated chambers being located around said compressor, in the vicinity thereof, and extending in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the compressor.
- a gas turbine power plant comprising in combination an axial-flow multi-stage air compressor having a discharge passage, an axial-flow gas turbine coaxial with said compressor, adjacent thereto and. adapted to drive same, said turbine having a gas-intake passage, the over-all diameter of said turbine being greater than the over-all diameter of said compressor, and a plurality of separate, elongated combustion chambers, each including a tubular outer casing of lenticular cross-section connected at one end to said discharge passage and a tubular inner cas ing of lenticular cross-section inside said outer casing and spaced therefrom, connected at one end to said gas-intake passage, said ends being in the vicinity of one another, the combustion chamber being supported from said ends, the other ends of said outer casing and said inner casing being respectively closed and open, said elongated chambers being located around said compressor, in the vicinity thereof, and extending in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the compressor.
- a gas turbine power plant comprising in combination an air compressor having a discharge passage, a gas turbine coaxial with said compressor and adjacent thereto, said turbine having a gas-intake passage, and a pluralit of separate, elongated combustion chambers of lenticular cross-section, each having an air inlet connected to said discharge passage and a gas outlet connected to said gas-intake passage, said elongated chambers extending substantially parallel to the axis of the compressor.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Description
1 1 6, 1 fwd. 2 mm 3 w+ S GDP PM M S m N, m I LD mm AG 5 R mmm 1. EF. B B w Mw mm REF h B C mm 2 U T 5% Hf 4 me M T. w 4 2 e n H J Patented June 24, 1952 GAS TURBINE-MOTOR or REDUCED DIMENSIONS Roger Jean Imbert and Marcel Henri Louis St:-
dille, Paris, France, assignors to Societe Rateau Societe Anonyme), Paris, France, a company of France, and Rene Anxionnaz, Paris, France Application August 27, 1945, Serial No. 612,866 In France January 8, 1942 Section 1, Public Law 690, August 8 1946 Patent expires January 8, 1962 3 Claims. 1
For certain problems it is of interest to have available motors having dimensions as small as possible particularly in diameter.
Gas turbine motors are particularly satisfactory from this point of view. Nevertheless the arrangement of the combustion chamber may cause an inconvenient increase in dimensions and the object of the present invention is to reduce this increase.
According to the invention the combustion chamber is subdivided into several chambers connected in parallel between the compressor and the turbine and distributed around the axis of the motor or of the compressor.
The following description with reference to the accompanying drawing, given by way of nonlimiting example, will explain how the invention may be carried into effect, the features apparent both from the drawing and the description forming, as will be understood, a part thereof.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view in section of a gas turbine motor of a known type.
Fig. 2 is an axial section of a motor in conf ormity with the invention.
Fig. 3 is a transverse section on line III-III of Fig. 2.
Figs. 4 and 5 are transverse sections of two modifications.
A gas turbine motor is constituted essentially, as shown in Fig. 1, by an air compressor C, by one or more combustion chambers Ch and by an expansion turbine T which is for example divided into two elements, one of which, Tc, controls the compressor, and the other of which, Tm, provides the motive power properly socalled.
The arrangement of the combustion chambers forming the subject of the present invention permits of housing the whole of the motor in a volume having a diameter as small as possible, whilst at the same time maintaining conditions which are necessary for the good operation of these chambers and comprising in particular:
1. A length of chamber sufficient for obtaining a combustion which is as complete as possible.
2. A double circulation, cold air outside-hot gas inside, in such a way as to recuperate a maximum quantity of calories lost externally by convection and radiation. This arrangement permits likewise of not puttin to Work the internal hot wall, the pressure being supported by the cold external wall.
3. A satisfactory accessibility of the burners.
According to Figs. 2 and 3, the motor comprises a certain number of combustion chambers Ch disposed around the compressor. These combustion chambers have cylindricalwalls in such a way as to obtain maximum lightness of the casing for a given pressure. They have double walls I, 2, the cold air coming from the compressor circulating externally of the chambers between the envelopes I and 2, the hot gases internally. The burners or atomisers b disposed in the heads are particularly accessible and easy to inspect and to dismantle. Finally the length dimension being free within the limit of that of the compressor, a length necessary for the development of the flame and for complete combustion may easily be provided. The external diameter of the turbine Ta necessary for driving the compressor being greater than the diameter of the compressor, the connection of such chambers at the inlet of the turbines is particularly favourable, and the external diameter may be equal to or only slightly greater than that of the turbines. From the point of view of expansion it is of interest that the chambers are connected to the compressor only by connecting tubes 3 supplying air under pressure, the chambers then being able to expand freely.
In order to obtain a minimum diameter it is of advantage to increase the number of chambers to such a point that they substantially touch one another laterally. In doing this, however, the total weight is increased, as also the number of burners or atomisers, and their dimensions are decreased, which may increase difficulties in supplying the combustible.
When a small dimension in one direction is more important than in the other, the chambers may be arranged only on a portion of a circle. which surrounds the compressor, or better on two oppositely disposed sectors, as illustrated in Fig. 5.
Fig. 4 relates to another particular construction of the invention comprising combustion chambers which have a lenticular cross-section in such a way as to obtain a very small volume with a moderate number of chambers. By reason of the increase in the radius of curvature of the walls it would be necessary to make them of greater thickness than in the case of Fig. 3, and therefore to increase the weight. According to the present invention this disadvantage may be remedied by providing a connection between the different chambers by small bars 4. The arrangement can still expand freely diametrically and lengthwise.
What we claim is:
1. A gas turbine power plant comprising in combination an axial-flow multi-stage air compressor having a discharge passage, an axial-flow gas turbine coaxial with said compressor, adjacent thereto and adapted to drive same, said turbine having a gas-intake passage, the overall diameter of said turbine being greater than the over-all diameter of said compressor, and a plurality of separate, elongated combustion chambers of lenticular cross-section, each having an air inlet connected to said discharge passage and a gas outlet connected to' said gas-intake passage, said elongated chambers being located around said compressor, in the vicinity thereof, and extending in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the compressor. 1
2. A gas turbine power plant comprising in combination an axial-flow multi-stage air compressor having a discharge passage, an axial-flow gas turbine coaxial with said compressor, adjacent thereto and. adapted to drive same, said turbine having a gas-intake passage, the over-all diameter of said turbine being greater than the over-all diameter of said compressor, and a plurality of separate, elongated combustion chambers, each including a tubular outer casing of lenticular cross-section connected at one end to said discharge passage and a tubular inner cas ing of lenticular cross-section inside said outer casing and spaced therefrom, connected at one end to said gas-intake passage, said ends being in the vicinity of one another, the combustion chamber being supported from said ends, the other ends of said outer casing and said inner casing being respectively closed and open, said elongated chambers being located around said compressor, in the vicinity thereof, and extending in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the compressor.
3. A gas turbine power plant comprising in combination an air compressor having a discharge passage, a gas turbine coaxial with said compressor and adjacent thereto, said turbine having a gas-intake passage, and a pluralit of separate, elongated combustion chambers of lenticular cross-section, each having an air inlet connected to said discharge passage and a gas outlet connected to said gas-intake passage, said elongated chambers extending substantially parallel to the axis of the compressor.
ROGER JEAN INEBERT. MARCEL HENRI LOUIS SEDILLE.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,346,509 Olhovsky July 13, 1920 2,085,761 Lysholm July 6, 1937 2,256,198 Hahn Sept. 16, 194 2,326,072 Seippel 'Aug. 3, 1943 2,332,866 Miiller Oct. 26, 1943 2,396,068 Youngash Mar. 5, 1946 2,398,654 Lubbock et a1 Apr. 16, 1946 2,399,046 Larrecq Apr. 23, 1946 2,404,334 Whittle July 16, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date Great Britain Apr. 16, 1931
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US2601612TA | 1942-01-08 | 1942-01-08 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2601612A true US2601612A (en) | 1952-06-24 |
Family
ID=22988027
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US61286645 Expired - Lifetime US2601612A (en) | 1942-01-08 | 1945-08-27 | Gas turbine motor of reduced |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2601612A (en) |
GB (1) | GB595286A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3365892A (en) * | 1965-08-10 | 1968-01-30 | Derderian George | Turbomachine |
EP2119966A1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-18 | ALSTOM Technology Ltd | Combustor with reduced carbon monoxide emissions |
US20140137535A1 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-22 | General Electric Company | Clocked combustor can array |
US20170234541A1 (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2017-08-17 | General Electric Technology Gmbh | Burner for a can combustor |
Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1346509A (en) * | 1918-09-14 | 1920-07-13 | Ernst J Ohnell | Explosion gas-turbine |
GB347206A (en) * | 1930-01-16 | 1931-04-16 | Frank Whittle | Improvements relating to the propulsion of aircraft and other vehicles |
US2085761A (en) * | 1933-02-15 | 1937-07-06 | Milo Ab | Aircraft power plant |
US2256198A (en) * | 1938-05-27 | 1941-09-16 | Ernst Heinkel | Aircraft power plant |
US2326072A (en) * | 1939-06-28 | 1943-08-03 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Gas turbine plant |
US2332866A (en) * | 1937-11-18 | 1943-10-26 | Muller Max Adolf | Combustion chamber for gas-flow engines |
US2396068A (en) * | 1941-06-10 | 1946-03-05 | Youngash Reginald William | Turbine |
US2398654A (en) * | 1940-01-24 | 1946-04-16 | Anglo Saxon Petroleum Co | Combustion burner |
US2399046A (en) * | 1940-03-26 | 1946-04-23 | Gen Electric | Gas turbine power plant |
US2404334A (en) * | 1939-12-09 | 1946-07-16 | Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd | Aircraft propulsion system and power unit |
-
1945
- 1945-05-30 GB GB1361345A patent/GB595286A/en not_active Expired
- 1945-08-27 US US61286645 patent/US2601612A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1346509A (en) * | 1918-09-14 | 1920-07-13 | Ernst J Ohnell | Explosion gas-turbine |
GB347206A (en) * | 1930-01-16 | 1931-04-16 | Frank Whittle | Improvements relating to the propulsion of aircraft and other vehicles |
US2085761A (en) * | 1933-02-15 | 1937-07-06 | Milo Ab | Aircraft power plant |
US2332866A (en) * | 1937-11-18 | 1943-10-26 | Muller Max Adolf | Combustion chamber for gas-flow engines |
US2256198A (en) * | 1938-05-27 | 1941-09-16 | Ernst Heinkel | Aircraft power plant |
US2326072A (en) * | 1939-06-28 | 1943-08-03 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Gas turbine plant |
US2404334A (en) * | 1939-12-09 | 1946-07-16 | Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd | Aircraft propulsion system and power unit |
US2398654A (en) * | 1940-01-24 | 1946-04-16 | Anglo Saxon Petroleum Co | Combustion burner |
US2399046A (en) * | 1940-03-26 | 1946-04-23 | Gen Electric | Gas turbine power plant |
US2396068A (en) * | 1941-06-10 | 1946-03-05 | Youngash Reginald William | Turbine |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3365892A (en) * | 1965-08-10 | 1968-01-30 | Derderian George | Turbomachine |
EP2119966A1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-18 | ALSTOM Technology Ltd | Combustor with reduced carbon monoxide emissions |
US20090282830A1 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-19 | Adnan Eroglu | Combustor with reduced carbon monoxide emissions |
US7827777B2 (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2010-11-09 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Combustor with reduced carbon monoxide emissions |
US20170234541A1 (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2017-08-17 | General Electric Technology Gmbh | Burner for a can combustor |
US10386073B2 (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2019-08-20 | Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG | Burner for a can combustor |
US10544939B2 (en) * | 2012-10-23 | 2020-01-28 | Ansaldo Energia Switzerland AG | Burner for a can combustor |
US20140137535A1 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-05-22 | General Electric Company | Clocked combustor can array |
JP2014102064A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2014-06-05 | General Electric Co <Ge> | Clockwise rotated combustor can array |
US9546601B2 (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2017-01-17 | General Electric Company | Clocked combustor can array |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB595286A (en) | 1947-12-01 |
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