US2591997A - Electron tube device - Google Patents

Electron tube device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2591997A
US2591997A US122443A US12244349A US2591997A US 2591997 A US2591997 A US 2591997A US 122443 A US122443 A US 122443A US 12244349 A US12244349 A US 12244349A US 2591997 A US2591997 A US 2591997A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrodes
cathode
tube
electrode
electron
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US122443A
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English (en)
Inventor
Backmark Nils Erik Gustav
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Publication of US2591997A publication Critical patent/US2591997A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/02—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused
    • H01J31/06—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused with more than two output electrodes, e.g. for multiple switching or counting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J21/00—Vacuum tubes
    • H01J21/02—Tubes with a single discharge path
    • H01J21/18—Tubes with a single discharge path having magnetic control means; having both magnetic and electrostatic control means

Definitions

  • an electron tube containing an electron source consisting of a cathode and an acceleration anode and being arranged in a magnetic field it is already known to obtain'a troohoidal electron beam outside the electron source, 1; e. a beam where each electron also has a translatory movement besides having a circular movement caused by the magnetic field.
  • This beam can by means of different means be controlled in such a way, that, according to known laws, it may be caused to follow a desired path through the tube to an electrode lying outside the electron source in the tube.
  • a tube is called a trochotron.
  • This invention relates to an electron tube device in'which tubes with substantially the same con-.- struction as a Habann tube or similar magnetron constructions might be used, and which regarding the controls of the electron paths to a certain degree remind one of the control of the trochotron, although the kind of electron source existing in the sameas mentioned consisting of a cathode and an especial acceleration anodedoes not exist here but is replaced by a cooperation between the cathode and a number of the other electrodes arranged round the same, as stated below more in detail.
  • the invention also comprises tube constructions especially adapted to be used in such an electron tube device.
  • the electrodes of the tube arranged round the cathode may be given individually a voltage differing from that of the remaining electrodes.
  • the invention also comprises tube constructions which differ from the ones known up to now and which are especially adapted for connecting devices of the kind mentioned above.
  • the invention can also be utilized as a switch or distributor for multi-channel telephone or signal communication systems using lines or radio links, such switches operating to connect a plurality of transmitters successively and cyclically to a common outgoing circuit.
  • a similar switch or distributor would be used, and synchronized with the first distributor, to connect a plurality of receivers for the different channels successively to the transmission circuit.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a tube in a plane perpendicular to the applied magnetic field, with the electrodes connected in circuits corresponding to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a section taken in the same manner through a tube particularly adapted for a switching of the kind described above
  • Fig. 3 is a view of one of the tubes in perspective with the field magnet shown partly in section and the grid G not shown.
  • a tube is represented, of which a cathode K is shown and a number of electrodes l-9 arranged circularly round the same within an envelope I 0.
  • the tube is supposed to be penetrated by a magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the paper and symbolized through B. All the electrodes are over suitably dimensioned resistances shown as connected to the positive pole of an anode battery E1, the negative pole of which is connected to the cathode K,
  • a current may now Y be obtained to whichever of the electrodes I-9 is desired through switching operations performed in that electrode to which the current is desired, or in adjacent electrodes. 7
  • Electrodes 4 and 5 are over connecting devices, here shown as switches K4 and K5, respectively, connectable to a lower voltage E5 than the electrode voltage Ea. over working impedances RI4 and RI5, respectively.
  • switches K4 and K5 connectable to a lower voltage E5 than the electrode voltage Ea. over working impedances RI4 and RI5, respectively.
  • contact K5 is closed there will be obtained at a certain voltage E5 such an alteration of the electric field between the cathode and the electrodes I-9 in the space round the electrode 5, that the electrons will bend out from the cathode in the space round the electrode 5 in such a way that they hit this electrode.
  • the current through the electrode 5 may then be utilized in the working resistance RI5 or possibly in the resistance R5.
  • the field distribution round the electrode 5 can be such that the electron ourrent, instead of hitting the electrode 5, is forced regarding the control of the beam of course constitutes only theoretical possibilities, as, for different reasons, it may be unsuitable to perform the control in the manner indicated above, for instance with regard to those currents which are obtained through the resistances R5 and RI 5 due to the part of the battery voltage existing over the same.
  • connection of the electrodes is given at the electrode I, which is connectable to the cathode potential over a contact Kl. If this takes place as indicated through the dotted position of the contact, the field distribution within the tube can be such that the electron paths are directed in towards the electrode 6, so that the current is arising thereby may be used in the resistance R6. This depends to begin with on the fact that under all circumstances some electrons will touch the electrode 6 to a higher degree than the other electrodes, which causes a potential drop in the resistance R6, which with a suitable dimensioning of the same will give the electrode 6 such a potential that a desired part of the cathode current hits this electrode.
  • a cyclically automatic switching operation may be ob--' tained.
  • Such an operation has only to be started 4 by closing the contact K1, so that a current is obtained to the electrode 6.
  • This can then in R6 produce such a potential drop that the current is moved over to the electrode 5 and so on to the other electrodes, whereby the cathode beam will rotate in the tube.
  • the terminals AI, A2 etc-A9 may be connected to working circuits, in which the cathode current is employed.
  • the cathode current may be used simultaneously in several different circuits of the tube. It for instance the electrode 5 and the electrode 8 are connected simultaneously to the cathode potential a part of the cathode current will pass on to the electrode 4 and a part to the electrode 8. If the electrodes 3, 6 and 9 are connected to zero potential a current is obtained to the electrodes 2, 5 and 8 and in tubes with more electrodes than those shown in the figure a further distribution of the cathode current may be obtained.
  • the connecting elements indicated above as resistances may of course consist also of other impedances than altogether ohmic ones.
  • a similar tube is shown, in which however particular working electrodes or contact electrodes are placed between the electrodes normally connected to the same potential.
  • the tube is further provided with a grid G for control of the intensity of the cathode current.
  • This grid may consist of one electrically conducting continuous unit or be divided into sections, for instance to a number corresponding to the number of the otherelectrodes, arranged round the cathode, so that an individual control of electron currents appearing in diflerent sections of the tube is obtained.
  • the electrodes SI -SI2 are arranged in a manner corresponding to the arrangement of the electrodes I-9 of Fig.
  • Electrodes l are intended-normally directly or over resistances RI-RI2-to be connected to the positive pole of a voltage source Ea, the negative pole of which is connected to the cathode.
  • These electrodes which like the electrodes I-9 in Fig. 1 can work as well in the manner of acceleration anodes, control electrodes and elec: tron driving means or as current receiving electrodes may suitably be provided in the shape shown in the figure, i. e. they are provided with side pieces 20 directed substantially radially outwards from the cathode.
  • spades Between the side pieces of two adjacent electrodes of this kind, which in analogy'with corresponding electrodes in for instance the trochotron, will hereinafter be called spades, further electrodes 2
  • contact electrodes By arranging the tube in this manner the circuits for controlling the position of the cathode current in the tube and the working circuits may be separated from each other.
  • Fig. 3 there is shown a tube with an envelope III within which the electrode system is arranged and outside which a cylindrical permanent magnet I00 is arranged. Only half of this magnet is shown.
  • the centrally arranged cathode K has lead-in wires I04 for its indirectly heated filament.
  • a number of spades or control electrodes designated S468 are provided with lead-in wires I05.
  • the side faces of the spades are designated 20.
  • the plates or receiving electrodes 2I are provided with lead-in wires I06.
  • the electrodes SI, S2 etc. are all connected to' a positive voltage in relation to the cathode there is formed a substantially radial field between the cathode and the other electrodes, as in the device according to Fig. l, whereby at least in the vicinity of the cathode equipotential surfaces, which are circularly cylindrical, will be obtained round the cathode.
  • the spades Sl-SIZ are connected to the positive pole of the battery Ea over the resistancesRl-RIZ and the intermediate contact electrodes to a suitable potential over working resistances rl-ri2, which potential may be a cathode or some other potential.
  • the spades are further connected to control circuits, through which they may be given individually a voltage deviating from the voltage of the other spades.
  • they may be connected individually to the potential of the cathode. This occurs by means of contacts Kl-KIZ, of which only some are shown in the figure.
  • the contacts may of course also consist of make and break contacts, so that the resistances RI-Rl 2 are not charged and it is also possible only to break the communication from the current source to an electrode to make the potential of the same drop swiftly below cathode potential. As long as all the spades are lying at the same potential practically no current is received by these or by the contact electrodes arranged between them.
  • a spade for instance S5
  • the electric field distribution in the tube will be altered, so that the paths of the electrons are bent outwards from the cathode in the vicinity of the spade S5.
  • the paths will pass on towards the contact electrode lying in front of the spade S5 as seen in the direction of the electron path and the electron current to this contact electrode may be used in the working resistance T5.
  • the current reaching the electrode may thereby be controlled as to its intensity by the grid G.
  • the cathode current may of course also here be employed in different parts and, if for instance the spades S5 and SI are given simultaneously a cathode potential, a part of the cathode current is used in the working resistance TI and a part in the working resistance r5. If the grid is divided into several parts an individual control of the intensity of the different parts may be obtained.
  • a self-stepping cathode beam may be obtained in the tube by a suitable dimensioning of the resistances Rl-RIZ and the circuits rl-rl2. If for instance the current due to an impulse to for instance the spade S5 has been brought in towards the adjacent contact electrode and if the resistance of this electrode has given rise to a sufficiently great potential drop, the beam will be forced in towards the next spade S4, which then receives a part of the electron current. Said current produces in its turn such a potential drop in resistance R4 that the beam is brought over to the contact electrode on the other side of the spade S4 and then the operation is repeated in the same manner for the following electrodes.
  • the velocity with which a beam in this manner will rotate in the tube and give rise to current impulses at the different electrodes and spades, respectively, will as usual be dependent on the velocity of the voltage alteration of the difierent electrodes, i. e. it is dependent on the time constants in the respective circuits.
  • An electron tube device comprising an electron tube having an envelope containing a plurality of electron-receiving electrodes, a plurality of control electrodes alternating with said receiving electrodes and a cylindrical cathode arranged centrally between said receiving electrodes and said control electrodes, means arranged outside said envelope for producing a magnetic field penetrating the discharge space of said tube and the field lines of which are parallel to the axis of said cathode, means for applying a positive potential to said control electrodes, and means for reducing said positive potential on any of said control electrodesin order to direct the electron stream emitted from said cathode to one of said receiving electrodes.
  • An electron tube device comprising an electron tube having an envelope containing a plurality of control electrodes, a cylindrical cathode arranged centrally between said control elec-- trodes and a plurality of receiving electrodes alternating with said control electrodes and arranged at a greater distance from the cathode surface than that part of the control electrodes which lies nearest to said surface, means arranged outside said envelope for producing a magnetic field penetrating the discharge space of said tube and the field lines of which are parallel to the axis of said cathode, means for applying a positive voltage to said control electrodes, and means for selectively reducing said positive voltage on any of said control electrodes in order to direct the electron stream from said cathode to one of said receiving electrodes.
  • An electron tube device having control electrodes of gutter form disposed parallel to the axis of the cathode with their bottom parts directed towards said cathode and with the side faces of adjacent control electrodes approximately parallel, the contact electrodes being arranged between said side faces of adjacent control electrodes.
  • An electron tube device having a cylindrical grid surrounding said cathode.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
US122443A 1948-10-29 1949-10-20 Electron tube device Expired - Lifetime US2591997A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE277134X 1948-10-29
SE2679610X 1949-06-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2591997A true US2591997A (en) 1952-04-08

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ID=32301955

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US122443A Expired - Lifetime US2591997A (en) 1948-10-29 1949-10-20 Electron tube device
US167956A Expired - Lifetime US2679610A (en) 1948-10-29 1950-06-14 Electron tube device

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US167956A Expired - Lifetime US2679610A (en) 1948-10-29 1950-06-14 Electron tube device

Country Status (7)

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US (2) US2591997A (sr)
BE (1) BE491888A (sr)
CH (1) CH277134A (sr)
DE (1) DE824082C (sr)
FR (2) FR998311A (sr)
GB (1) GB709264A (sr)
NL (1) NL86930C (sr)

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2659814A (en) * 1949-06-21 1953-11-17 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Connecting device for electron tubes
US2706248A (en) * 1949-02-12 1955-04-12 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Systems for magnetic and electric electron flow control
US2721955A (en) * 1953-07-24 1955-10-25 Burroughs Corp Multi-position beam tube
US2733409A (en) * 1952-08-14 1956-01-31 Kuchinsky
US2755412A (en) * 1951-07-05 1956-07-17 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Electron valve
US2764711A (en) * 1953-07-24 1956-09-25 Burroughs Corp Multiple position beam tube
US2777085A (en) * 1952-05-29 1957-01-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp Secondary electron suppressor
US2794147A (en) * 1955-08-22 1957-05-28 Burroughs Corp Beam tube switching circuits
US2795732A (en) * 1954-01-22 1957-06-11 Burroughs Corp Means for indexing the electron beam in magnetron type beam switching tubes
US2797357A (en) * 1954-01-22 1957-06-25 Burroughs Corp Feedback arrangements for beam switching tubes
US2802103A (en) * 1952-10-15 1957-08-06 Burroughs Corp Commutating circuit
US2806979A (en) * 1954-09-07 1957-09-17 Fan Sin-Pih Beam switching tubes
US2807748A (en) * 1954-10-01 1957-09-24 Burroughs Corp Counter circuit
US2817786A (en) * 1954-01-26 1957-12-24 Burroughs Corp Multiple position beam switching tube
US2835808A (en) * 1955-10-19 1958-05-20 Burroughs Corp Transfer-storage circuits
US2839702A (en) * 1953-07-24 1958-06-17 Burroughs Corp Modulated distribution system
US2841743A (en) * 1953-07-31 1958-07-01 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Electron tube device
US2847611A (en) * 1954-05-21 1958-08-12 High Voltage Engineering Corp Apparatus for voltage stabilization of constant-potential high-voltage generators
US2848605A (en) * 1954-01-22 1958-08-19 Burroughs Corp Analogue-to-digital conversion using cathode ray sampler to control cathode ray coder
US2848646A (en) * 1954-02-01 1958-08-19 Burroughs Corp Counting circuit using multiple position beam switching tubes
US2848647A (en) * 1954-06-23 1958-08-19 Burroughs Corp Multiplexing system
US2849645A (en) * 1956-03-15 1958-08-26 Burroughs Corp Magnetron tube magnet structure
US2856558A (en) * 1956-02-27 1958-10-14 Burroughs Corp Variable scale counter
US2857552A (en) * 1954-09-13 1958-10-21 Burroughs Corp Beam tube switching circuits
US2857550A (en) * 1956-02-29 1958-10-21 Burroughs Corp Variable counter circuit
US2876350A (en) * 1955-05-26 1959-03-03 Burroughs Corp Coding system
US2892959A (en) * 1954-08-19 1959-06-30 Burroughs Corp Electronic device and circuits
US2917624A (en) * 1951-08-15 1959-12-15 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Switching device for magnetic field tubes
US2919347A (en) * 1957-12-16 1959-12-29 Burroughs Corp Beam tube multiplexing system
US2919436A (en) * 1956-03-15 1959-12-29 Burroughs Corp Multiplex measuring device
US2947901A (en) * 1956-03-23 1960-08-02 Burroughs Corp Magnetron tube shield

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE68915916T2 (de) * 1988-09-27 1994-09-29 Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd Farbphotographisches Material.

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1558120A (en) * 1922-04-03 1925-10-20 Simpson Frederick Grant Radio receiving system
US1585173A (en) * 1922-01-03 1926-05-18 Simpson Frederick Grant Converter of electric currents
US1721395A (en) * 1921-05-24 1929-07-16 Gen Electric Electron-discharge apparatus
US2103338A (en) * 1934-07-07 1937-12-28 Philips Nv Ultrahigh frequency oscillator
US2173252A (en) * 1935-11-05 1939-09-19 Telefunken Gmbh Magnetron
US2432608A (en) * 1941-03-28 1947-12-16 Ncr Co Multianode, gas-filled discharge device

Family Cites Families (6)

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GB351419A (en) * 1930-03-24 1931-06-24 Lissen Ltd Improvements in and relating to thermionic valves
BE425513A (sr) * 1936-12-30
US2217774A (en) * 1939-05-27 1940-10-15 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electron discharge apparatus
US2293368A (en) * 1940-06-20 1942-08-18 Bendix Aviat Corp System of frequency conversion
US2358542A (en) * 1940-07-26 1944-09-19 Rca Corp Currentless grid tube
US2320756A (en) * 1942-05-07 1943-06-01 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Electronic device

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1721395A (en) * 1921-05-24 1929-07-16 Gen Electric Electron-discharge apparatus
US1585173A (en) * 1922-01-03 1926-05-18 Simpson Frederick Grant Converter of electric currents
US1558120A (en) * 1922-04-03 1925-10-20 Simpson Frederick Grant Radio receiving system
US2103338A (en) * 1934-07-07 1937-12-28 Philips Nv Ultrahigh frequency oscillator
US2173252A (en) * 1935-11-05 1939-09-19 Telefunken Gmbh Magnetron
US2432608A (en) * 1941-03-28 1947-12-16 Ncr Co Multianode, gas-filled discharge device

Cited By (31)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2706248A (en) * 1949-02-12 1955-04-12 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Systems for magnetic and electric electron flow control
US2659814A (en) * 1949-06-21 1953-11-17 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Connecting device for electron tubes
US2755412A (en) * 1951-07-05 1956-07-17 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Electron valve
US2917624A (en) * 1951-08-15 1959-12-15 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Switching device for magnetic field tubes
US2777085A (en) * 1952-05-29 1957-01-08 Westinghouse Electric Corp Secondary electron suppressor
US2733409A (en) * 1952-08-14 1956-01-31 Kuchinsky
US2802103A (en) * 1952-10-15 1957-08-06 Burroughs Corp Commutating circuit
US2721955A (en) * 1953-07-24 1955-10-25 Burroughs Corp Multi-position beam tube
US2764711A (en) * 1953-07-24 1956-09-25 Burroughs Corp Multiple position beam tube
US2839702A (en) * 1953-07-24 1958-06-17 Burroughs Corp Modulated distribution system
US2841743A (en) * 1953-07-31 1958-07-01 Ericsson Telefon Ab L M Electron tube device
US2848605A (en) * 1954-01-22 1958-08-19 Burroughs Corp Analogue-to-digital conversion using cathode ray sampler to control cathode ray coder
US2797357A (en) * 1954-01-22 1957-06-25 Burroughs Corp Feedback arrangements for beam switching tubes
US2795732A (en) * 1954-01-22 1957-06-11 Burroughs Corp Means for indexing the electron beam in magnetron type beam switching tubes
US2817786A (en) * 1954-01-26 1957-12-24 Burroughs Corp Multiple position beam switching tube
US2848646A (en) * 1954-02-01 1958-08-19 Burroughs Corp Counting circuit using multiple position beam switching tubes
US2847611A (en) * 1954-05-21 1958-08-12 High Voltage Engineering Corp Apparatus for voltage stabilization of constant-potential high-voltage generators
US2848647A (en) * 1954-06-23 1958-08-19 Burroughs Corp Multiplexing system
US2892959A (en) * 1954-08-19 1959-06-30 Burroughs Corp Electronic device and circuits
US2806979A (en) * 1954-09-07 1957-09-17 Fan Sin-Pih Beam switching tubes
US2857552A (en) * 1954-09-13 1958-10-21 Burroughs Corp Beam tube switching circuits
US2807748A (en) * 1954-10-01 1957-09-24 Burroughs Corp Counter circuit
US2876350A (en) * 1955-05-26 1959-03-03 Burroughs Corp Coding system
US2794147A (en) * 1955-08-22 1957-05-28 Burroughs Corp Beam tube switching circuits
US2835808A (en) * 1955-10-19 1958-05-20 Burroughs Corp Transfer-storage circuits
US2856558A (en) * 1956-02-27 1958-10-14 Burroughs Corp Variable scale counter
US2857550A (en) * 1956-02-29 1958-10-21 Burroughs Corp Variable counter circuit
US2849645A (en) * 1956-03-15 1958-08-26 Burroughs Corp Magnetron tube magnet structure
US2919436A (en) * 1956-03-15 1959-12-29 Burroughs Corp Multiplex measuring device
US2947901A (en) * 1956-03-23 1960-08-02 Burroughs Corp Magnetron tube shield
US2919347A (en) * 1957-12-16 1959-12-29 Burroughs Corp Beam tube multiplexing system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US2679610A (en) 1954-05-25
BE491888A (sr)
FR60401E (fr) 1954-11-02
CH277134A (de) 1951-08-15
FR998311A (fr) 1952-01-17
DE824082C (de) 1951-12-10
GB709264A (en) 1954-05-19
NL86930C (sr)

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