US2587637A - Detergent composition - Google Patents
Detergent composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2587637A US2587637A US792617A US79261747A US2587637A US 2587637 A US2587637 A US 2587637A US 792617 A US792617 A US 792617A US 79261747 A US79261747 A US 79261747A US 2587637 A US2587637 A US 2587637A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- soap
- ethyl cellulose
- water
- detergent
- sodium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 45
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 title description 38
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 33
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013042 solid detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 17
- -1 dioctyl ester Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 11
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 8
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 8
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 7
- BRRVXFOKWJKTGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexanol Chemical compound CC1CC(O)CC(C)(C)C1 BRRVXFOKWJKTGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 6
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 5
- VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(C)=O VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940031768 diglycol stearate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229950006191 gluconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 125000002791 glucosyl group Chemical group C1([C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO)* 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940049964 oleate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 4
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WGIMXKDCVCTHGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCO WGIMXKDCVCTHGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PWVUXRBUUYZMKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCOCCO PWVUXRBUUYZMKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VJYAJQFKKLYARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO)C=C1 VJYAJQFKKLYARJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-glucono-1,5-lactone Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical group C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012209 glucono delta-lactone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960003681 gluconolactone Drugs 0.000 description 3
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 3
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-KVTDHHQDSA-N (2r,3r,4r)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-monostearoylglycerol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(O)CO VBICKXHEKHSIBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGVLFMIJNWWPBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3-trihydroxypentanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(O)C(O)(O)C(O)=O VGVLFMIJNWWPBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000276489 Merlangius merlangus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical class [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 2
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-MGMRWDBRSA-N [(2R)-2-[(2R,3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] (Z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-MGMRWDBRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LUXUAZKGQZPOBZ-SAXJAHGMSA-N [(3S,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl] (Z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O LUXUAZKGQZPOBZ-SAXJAHGMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- JPNZKPRONVOMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;octadecanoic acid Chemical compound [NH4+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O JPNZKPRONVOMLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- XKGUZGHMWUIYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl n-(3-fluoro-4-morpholin-4-ylphenyl)carbamate Chemical compound C=1C=C(N2CCOCC2)C(F)=CC=1NC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 XKGUZGHMWUIYDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RECUKUPTGUEGMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N carvacrol Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1 RECUKUPTGUEGMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol Natural products OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000182 glucono-delta-lactone Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DSTPUJAJSXTJHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N isothymol Natural products CC(C)C1=CC(C)=CC=C1O DSTPUJAJSXTJHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWHLPLXXIDYSNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ketorolac tromethamine Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO.OC(=O)C1CCN2C1=CC=C2C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BWHLPLXXIDYSNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N methyl cellulose Chemical compound COC1C(OC)C(OC)C(COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1C(OC)C(OC)C(OC)OC1COC YLGXILFCIXHCMC-JHGZEJCSSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002942 palmitic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010458 rotten stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LGXVIGDEPROXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dichloroethene Chemical class ClC(Cl)=C LGXVIGDEPROXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFBDCSDDHUBEGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibutylnaphthalene;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=CC2=C(CCCC)C(CCCC)=CC=C21 QFBDCSDDHUBEGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZEWIYUUNKCGKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethanol;octadecanoic acid Chemical compound OCCNCCO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O RZEWIYUUNKCGKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006491 Acacia senegal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010076119 Caseins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000206672 Gelidium Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005662 Paraffin oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004264 Petrolatum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019774 Rice Bran oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical compound OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPTTZSYLTYJCPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trihydroxy-glutarsaeure Natural products OC(=O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O NPTTZSYLTYJCPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triisopropanolamine Chemical compound CC(O)CN(CC(C)O)CC(C)O SLINHMUFWFWBMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940088990 ammonium stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWOBKFYERIDQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=CC=C1 MWOBKFYERIDQSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000051 benzyloxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010495 camellia oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012612 commercial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229950010286 diolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021186 dishes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- OJLOUXPPKZRTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCO OJLOUXPPKZRTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003974 emollient agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NJSUFZNXBBXAAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;toluene Chemical compound CCO.CC1=CC=CC=C1 NJSUFZNXBBXAAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002169 ethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940013317 fish oils Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075507 glyceryl monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003906 humectant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012182 japan wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940070765 laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002734 metacrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001788 mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Substances 0.000 description 1
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 231100000344 non-irritating Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000963 oxybis(methylene) group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxymethurea Chemical compound OCNC(=O)NCO QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005308 oxymethurea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940066842 petrolatum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940096992 potassium oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M potassium;(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000003340 retarding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008165 rice bran oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940095696 soap product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KZOJQMWTKJDSQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2,3-dibutylnaphthalene-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(CCCC)C(CCCC)=CC2=C1 KZOJQMWTKJDSQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IZWPGJFSBABFGL-GMFCBQQYSA-M sodium;2-[methyl-[(z)-octadec-9-enoyl]amino]ethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CCS([O-])(=O)=O IZWPGJFSBABFGL-GMFCBQQYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RTVVXRKGQRRXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;2-sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical compound [Na].OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O RTVVXRKGQRRXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011076 sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001587 sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035048 sorbitan monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012177 spermaceti Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940084106 spermaceti Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940114926 stearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003799 water insoluble solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/22—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins
- C11D9/26—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen
- C11D9/262—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen containing carbohydrates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/22—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins
- C11D9/26—Organic compounds, e.g. vitamins containing oxygen
Definitions
- the present invention relates to detergent compositions and it particularly relates to detergent which will not too quickly dissolve or melt away when utilized with hot or cold soft waters and which will be efiective over longperiods of time with undiminished detergent efliciency; 1
- Another object of the present invention is to provide novel detergent compositions which may be incorporated with paper fibers or toweling, steel wool, various abrasives such as emery and sand and which will not tend to dissolve away too quickly from the material with which they are incorporated or by which they are carried before theyhave had the opportunity of being efiectively used for their detergent properties.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide novel detergent materials which may be readily' employed either in the home or indus trially and which will retain their effectiveness over long periods of time and which will have high detergent properties even with salt water orwith waters having widely varying degrees of temporary or permanent hardness or having varying temperatures.
- fatty soap may be sodium, am
- cellulose ethers particularly ethyl cellulose, being preferred.
- Propyl, butyl and amyl celluloses may also be employed as may also benzyl cellulose in lieu of part or all of the ethyl cellulose.
- an inorganic crystalloid detergent salt such as sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate or sodium hexametaphosphate.
- water thickening agents or protective colloids such as various gums, like gum acacia, gum tragacanth, gum arabic, agar agar, pectin, deXtrin, British gum, gum Shiraz or water soluble cellulose derivatives, such as meth- Methyl celluloses in contrast to ethyl cellulose are usually water soluble.
- the preferred methyl cellulose has a solubility of 64 grams per 100 ml. at 25 C. with 2.6 methoxy groups per 12 carbon cellulose unit.
- compositions may be mixedwith fillers and/or abrasives, such as powdered sand, infusorial earth, kieselguhr, whiting, or it may be impregnated upon cloth, paper or other fibrous materials, or upon aluminum, steel or other metal wools or upon glass rock, or mineral wool or upon fibrous mattings, such as those made from hemp or artificial fibers.
- abrasives such as powdered sand, infusorial earth, kieselguhr, whiting, or it may be impregnated upon cloth, paper or other fibrous materials, or upon aluminum, steel or other metal wools or upon glass rock, or mineral wool or upon fibrous mattings, such as those made from hemp or artificial fibers.
- the detergent base have self-emulsifying ethyl cellulose binders which retard the dissolution or emulsification of thedetergent material from the filler or carrier material with which it has been incorporated or onto which it has been impregnated, and where desired, the final composition may be caused to incorporate substantial quantities of air which will cause it to be a floating soap which when floated upon Water will not readily emulsify or dissolve.
- ethyl cellulose is normally Water insoluble and can only be dispersed in .water by way of an emulsion.
- Such dispersion may be made in the following manner: The ethyl cellulose, for example 50 parts by Weight of ethyl cellulose having 2.5 ethoxy groups per glucose residue, is first dissolved in toluene ethanol mixture (40 parts tolueneparts ethanol by weight) These are mixed in a high speed mixer or colloid mill and then after initial emulsification they are homogenized. The final product is a heavy creamy emulsion containing about ethyl cellulose.
- methyl cellulose containing 2.5 methoxy groups per glucose residue is water soluble and is used as an emulsion stabilizer, as a sizing gum and if mixed with soap or a detergent would not act in any respect as ethyl cellulose. It
- methyl cellulose if used in the same quantities as the ethyl cellulose would have no such effect.
- Ethyl cellulose slows rate of solution of soap by 50% to 300% depending upon proportionment. Methyl cellulose does not have this effect. Methyl cellulose may be mixed with soap up to 40% directly without substantially decreasing insolubility of the soap. Butethyl cellulose can only be incorporated up to about 2% above which it would render soap virtually insoluble.
- the composition in lieu of all or part of the polyethylene glycol esters, small amounts' from 1 to- 50% by weight ofhighly effective surface active agents, such as, for example, normal polymerized alkyl sulphonates, such as of the nature of dibutyl naphthalene sodium sulphonates, or of alkyl esters of di-basic carboxylic acids, such as the dioctyl ester of sulfonsuccinic acid, or sodium fatty alcohol sulfates such as sodium lauryl sulfates.
- highly effective surface active agents such as, for example, normal polymerized alkyl sulphonates, such as of the nature of dibutyl naphthalene sodium sulphonates, or of alkyl esters of di-basic carboxylic acids, such as the dioctyl ester of sulfonsuccinic acid, or sodium fatty alcohol sulfates such as sodium lauryl sulfates.
- Cationic agents are less preferable for most applications but may be advantageously used for low pH types of soils.
- Triton 770 Triton NE
- Arctic Syntex M Triton NE
- Igepal CA Igepon T or other collamids
- Tween 20 and Tween 60 Triton 770, Triton NE, Arctic Syntex M, Igepal CA, Igepon T or other collamids, Tween 20 and Tween 60.
- R-CONH-CI-IzCHzSOsNa AIY1(SO3H) 1/0 (CnHZnO) z-CnHZnSOIlH Arctic Syntex M has the general formula:
- Triton and Igepal CA are the same products and consist of polyethylene oxide condensates having (-CCOC-C)nOI-I groupings with molecular weights of 750 to 1000.
- Triton NE has the following formula:
- Igepal CA is identified by the formula:
- the commercial material contains about 6 ethyle'ne oxide groups.
- Tween 60 is sorbitan monostearate
- fJI EXAMPLE I A metal cleaning detergent composition which may be impregnated on cloth, paper or other wool, rock wool, or fibrous mattings made of hemp, or artificial fibers, may be made up in the following manner:
- composition is prepared with gentle mixing at a temperature of about 40 C.:
- Preferred Range Oleic acid .l 20 5-30 Monoethanolamine 7 2-10 Ammonium gluconate 5 0-10 Sodium hexametaphosphate. 10 0-20 Diethanolamine 10 2-15 Whiting (finest bolted). 50-150 Infusorial earth (#200). 50 25-100 Methyl cellulose ether 4 0-50 Isopropyl alcohol 25 0-50 Dibutyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate 35 0-50 Water 300 -600 After each of batch A and batch B hasbeeni thoroughly mixed they are separately warmed to 70 C. and then batch A is poured into batch B with rapid agitation, emulsification taking place immediately.
- the mass is agitated until it cools to 50" C. and it is transferred to a colloidal mill and homogenized.
- the resultant emulsion may be impregnated upon paper or cloth or other fibrous materials, and the impregnated product may be dried under a vacuum or by gentle heating.
- the finished product may be used for cleaning metals by dampening the impregnated material with warm water and rubbing on the tarnished metal object until all tarnish is removed.
- composition set forth above other oils may be utilized in lieu of castor oil and other alkalies or alkaline materials may be used in lieu of the ethanolamines specified.
- Dibutyl phthalate is merely a plasticizer'and may be replaced by other plasticizers and in lieu of oleic acid, it is possible to use other fatty acids to combine with the alkali present.
- the ingredients of batch B are first mixed in the water at about 30, while the chemicals of batch A are mixed at about C. and poured into batch B with rapid agitation, which agitation is continued until the emulsion cools to 20 C.
- the emulsion is then transferred to a colloid mill and homogenized and then used asa detergent as such with or without the addition of filler, or it may be impregnated upon paper, cloth, or
- the ethyl cellulose acts as a binder.
- the sodium hexametaphosphate will act as a I cleansing agent.
- EXAMPLE III L To obtain a floating soap composition, /10 gram of benzyl cellulose having 25 benzyloxy groups per glucose residue may be emulsified with grams of diglyool oleate and then to the emulsion there may be added grams of hard soap and 'l /grgrams of sodium laurylsulfonate.
- Theentire mass is heated to about C.
- finished cake is a floating detergent which will not rapidly dissolve while floating on water.
- the detergent functions satisfactorily in hard water'and the formation of calcium and magnesium soap curd is repressed by the diglycol oleate d'jthe sodium lauryl sulfonate or sulfate.
- This d i 'i' ent cake is not sensitive to the changes in atmospheric conditions. It does not lose weight in warm, dry weather, nor does it absorb moisture and become soggy in humid weather.
- EXAMPLE IV One gram of polyvinyllalcohol is emulsified-j with 5 grams of mannidemonooleate. To this mixture is added 90 grams of kettle soap and the entire mass is transferred to a paste mill. The temperature is brought up to 100 C. and the mass is kneaded. V
- Kettle soap is 65% soap and the balance water and glycerin. After a mass of .even consistency is attained, 2 grams of tetrasodium pyrophosphate dissolved in 8 cc. of hot water are added and mixingis continned.” The. mass is then transferred to a vac uum .oven and dried and molded into cake form or to soap frames and cooled or molded into cake form. The finished cake is .smooth and has the appearance of conventional soap.
- This detergent may be used in hard waterwith complete satisfaction.
- This composition enables incorporation of a crystalline electrolyte water softening agent which was not previously possible with soap compositions.
- a crystalline electrolyte water softening agent which was not previously possible with soap compositions.
- polyvinyl alcohol dimethylol urea having more than 4 mole units'per-molecules, diomeric or triomeric methacrylates, and diomeric or triomeric vinylidene chlorides or acetates may be used. These areall water insoluble and organic solvent soluble resins.
- EXAMPLE V steel or metal wool and then dried in a vacuum or two grams of mannitan monooleatetank and is impregnated onto paper toweling in the conventional manner.
- the product is dried in a vacuum drier or by gentle heating.
- the impregnated paper is stable under various climatic conditions and may be rolled or packaged in out form.
- the product may be cast or rolled into a film without fibrous backing.
- the paper towelling made with this composition may be dispensed'with ordinary dispensing machines in public wash rooms and may be used to eliminate the inconvenience of liquid, powdered and cake soaps in public wash rooms.
- the detergent will re-emulsify and cleanse the object with the above composition.
- This detergent product also functions eifejci 1.
- compositions described above may be impregnated onto paper or other fibrous material in the process. of. manufacture of such. material.
- the detergent chemicals can. be mixed in the beateralong. with. the. pulp and binding; materials; andwill not be removed with. the wash. water,
- Atissue paper which may be used for cleaning.
- silver and other fine metals may be made as fol, lows:
- Abeater mass is made up with. twentypounds of sulfite. pulp dispersed with 400 lbs. of. water. While the pulp is agitating in the beater, 1.0 pounds of detergent emulsion is made up in Example I or II.
- the drip liquid from the screen can be re-- covered and used again. in the. beater.
- compositions for :cleaning metals such as aluminum, gold, silver, tin, brass, copper, nickel, etcwhich are impregnated on metal wools or abrasives or paper or cloth carriers and rubbed on. the. utensil or other metal object that is being. cleaned
- the composition may desirably include. a polyhydroxy organic. acid, lactone or polyhydroxy organic salt suspended in. an emulsified binder with a polishing; agent. and wetting agent.
- polyhydroxy organic. acids and. lactones such as gluconic acid and gluconodeltalactorie: are preferred. 7 1
- the mixture may be impregnated into a. car rier such as canton flannel or similar textile material, crepe paper toweling or. tissue paper, or a suitable metal wool such as aluminum wool or a fibrous or wool. siliceous.- mass. such. as. mineral wool and rock wool.
- a. car rier such as canton flannel or similar textile material, crepe paper toweling or. tissue paper, or a suitable metal wool such as aluminum wool or a fibrous or wool. siliceous.- mass. such. as. mineral wool and rock wool.
- the cleaner composition. and the fibrous wool. carrier or abrasive maylbe modified for the cleansing and polishing of. ditferent metals, and all the agents used. should benon-toxic and non-irritating to'thee skin. 3;
- a composition suitable. for cleaning silver, gold or platinum impregnated into canton flannel or Similar textile material is made up in. two batches of the following ingredients:
- batch B is poured into batch rapid: stirring.
- Emulsification takes place immediately and; the mass is stirred rapidly until the temperature. drops to 50 C. The mixture is then run through a homogenizer to complete emulsification.
- the temperature is then adjusted to 35 to 40 C. and the emulsion is transferred to a tank.
- a ribbon of canton flannel or similar textile is run. through the emulsion and the fibres of the textile become impregnated. The excess emulsion is scraped off the bottom of the cloth and the wet impregnated mass is run through a vacuum dryer or is dried by gentle heating.
- the finished. impregnated cloth. may be used. for cleaning silver by moistening, the cloth with. a small. amount of warm. water and then rubbing on the tarnished silver.
- the impregnated. chemicals re-emulsify and are liberated from the cloth to. act on the soil. and. tarnish. After. the tarnish is removed the. silver isrinsed with. warm water and is ready for use.
- EXAMPLE IX A similar cleansing, composition may be. made by impregnating crepe of tissue or other soft.
- the dried impregnated paper may be cut into rolled strips and. dispensed in. much the same manner as rolled paper towels.
- the impregnated. cleaning. paper is torn off from the roll. and used as. needed.
- the paper is moistened. with warm and rubbed on a tarnished silver article until it is cleaned. Then the soiled paper may be discarded.
- the cyclonol or cyclo hexanone glycerol acetal and the diethylene glycol-monobutyl ether acetate act as high boiling solvents which keep the emulsion at impregnating consistency and also act to plasticize the binder.
- the cyclonol- also acts as a grease solvent.
- Cyclonol also acts as a true non-emulsifying plasticizer for the ethyl cellulose.
- the isothymol acts as a preservative.
- the isopropyl alcohol acts as a solvent for the ethyl cellulose while the sorbitol acts as a humectant and controls the moisture content.
- the gluconicacid combines with the tri-isopro- Metal fibers such as copper and 0 panol amine to form a salt in part, the remainder being free acid.
- compositions are typical but merely illustrative of the scope of this invention.
- proportions of the chemicals used may vary considerably from the amounts cited above without departing from the spirit of this invention.
- Certain chemical agents may be substituted for those cited above.
- arabic, arabonic, xylonic, saccharonic or tri-hydroxy glutaric acids may be substituted for gluconic acid.
- Any suitable abrasive material such as bentonite, tripoli or rottenstone may be substituted for infusorial earth.
- Other emulsification bases than diglycol laurate and diglycol stearate may be used.
- Such emulsification bases are mannide monooleate, mannitan monooleate, diglycol oleate or diethanolamine stearate.
- wetting agents that may be used in place of the cited alkyl aryl-sulfonates.
- a few of the preferred ones are sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium lauryl alcohol sulfate, sodium tetrahydronapthalene sulfonate, the sodium sulfonate of stearyl alcohol, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium salt of sulfonated myristyl collamide.
- gum tragacanth India gum or gum arabic are useful. Such gums also may be replaced by water soluble protein materials such as albumin, gelatin or casein.
- Resin binders such as low polymerized vinyl acetate, or polyvinyl alcohols may be substituted for part or all of the ethyl cellulose, if tackiness is avoided.
- the present invention is particularly advantageous where it is desired to have a relatively slow dissolving soap as in the case of floating or aerated soaps which tend to dissolve too quickly in water, or where the detergent is combined with a fibrous or abrasive material and tends to dis: solve away from the fibrous material or abrasive too quickly before such fibrous material or abrasive can be thoroughly rubbed upon the object being cleansed.
- the detergent compositions according to the present application are more resistant to atmospheric changes and will not lose weight or gain water with changesfrom temperate to tropical climates, or
- the soaps according to the present application may be kept in wet dishes or containers without unduly softening, wasting away or becoming mushy, and where the soap is used in the form of beads, flakes or a powder, there will be decreased tendency toward caking or hardening.
- the water solubility retarding agent tends to protect the detergent from oxidation.
- the slow dissolving soaps of the present invention in combinationwith ordinary, relatively quick dissolving soaps or detergents with the soap or deter-'- gent of the present invention constituting an outer layer or a protective surfacing or being mixed with the entire body of the ordinary detergent or soap so that there will be pockets 01' layers of ordinary detergents or soap which will quickly dissolve when exposed while other layers or pockets of slow dissolving soap, as according toithe present invention, will only slowly dissolve.
- detergents that may be employed are cleaners for metals such as glucono-lactone, ammonium gluconate, trihydroxy glutaric acid, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium metasilicate; toilet detergents such as sodium, potassium or alkanolamine 'stearates, oleates, laurates, palmitates and myristatesj fatty alcohol detergents, such as sodium lauryl or palmityl or oleyl sulphate, sulphonatedfats, 'oils or fatty acids oralcohols suchias sulfonated castor oil, tea seed oil, olive oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, spermaceti, cetyl alcohol, japan wax, fish oils, lard, rice bran oil, and so forth; the sodium salts of sulphonated or sulphated esterified dicarboxylic acids and so forth.
- the detergent may constitute from 5 to of the composition.
- the soap and non-soap detergents themselves are not emulsifying agents for the ethyl cellulose or resinous or plastic solubility retarding material and it is necessary to add a material which will emulsify the ethyl cellulose or other solubility retarding material.
- the ethyl cellulose or other solubility retarding materials may range from 0.1 to 5% by weight, while the emulsifying agents, usually oil active surface agents such as partially fatty acid esterified polyhydric aliphatic alcohols for the solubility retarding materials may range from 0.005% to 2%.
- Mannide oleate or mannitan oleate permit incorporation of water softening agents, such as tetra sodium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and so forth without these substances crystallizing in the composition.
- These selfemulsifying plasticizers are usually polyhydric alcohols, one or more of the hydroxy groups of which are combined with high molecular weight fatty acidswith one or more free hydroxy groups. Oils, waxes and fats are added as lubricants and may be used in amounts from to 10%.
- water soluble or dispersible gums such as methyl cellulose, India gum and dextrin are employed they may be used in amounts ranging from /2 to 5%.
- organic solvents such as isopropanol, ethylene glycol alkyl ethers, and so forth are employed they are evaporated off and reclaimed.
- a solid detergent composition formed of a sodium soap of high molecular weight fatty acid and about 0.1% to 5% by weight of a water-insoluble ethyl cellulose to retard ready solution of said soap and from about 0.005% to 2% of a partial high molecular Weight fatty acid ester of a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol.
- a solid detergent composition formed of a sodium soap of high molecular weight fatty acid and about 0.1% to 5% by weight of a water-insoluble ethyl cellulose to retard ready solution '12 of said soap and from about 0.005% to 2% of a partial high molecular weight fatty acid ester of a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol, the emulsifying agent being mannitan monoleate.
- a solid detergent composition formed of a sodium soap of high molecular weight fatty acid and about 0.1% to 5% by weight of a water-insoluble ethyl cellulose to retard ready solution of said soap and from about 0.005% to- 2% of a partial high molecular weight fatty acid ester of a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol, the ethyl cellulose containing about 2.5 ethoxy groups per glucose residue.
- a solid detergent composition formed of a sodium soap of a high molecular weight fatty acid and about 0.1% to 5% by weight of a water-insoluble ethyl cellulose to retard ready solution of said soap and an emulsifying agent consisting of a partial high molecular weight fatty acid ester of a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol in an amount suflicient to emulsify said ethyl cellulose into the soap.
Description
Patented Mar. 4, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE DETERGENT COMPOSITION Louis McDonald, Inyokern, Calif.
No Drawing; Application December 18, 1947, Serial N0. 792,617
4 Claims. (01. 252-130) The present invention relates to detergent compositions and it particularly relates to detergent which will not too quickly dissolve or melt away when utilized with hot or cold soft waters and which will be efiective over longperiods of time with undiminished detergent efliciency; 1
Another object of the present invention is to provide novel detergent compositions which may be incorporated with paper fibers or toweling, steel wool, various abrasives such as emery and sand and which will not tend to dissolve away too quickly from the material with which they are incorporated or by which they are carried before theyhave had the opportunity of being efiectively used for their detergent properties.
Another object of the present invention is to provide novel detergent materials which may be readily' employed either in the home or indus trially and which will retain their effectiveness over long periods of time and which will have high detergent properties even with salt water orwith waters having widely varying degrees of temporary or permanent hardness or having varying temperatures.
Although the fatty soap may be sodium, am
moni-um or potassium oleate, stearate, laurate, 01' palmitate or the various mono, di, or tri-ethanolamine oleates, s'tearates and palmitates, it has also been found possible to employ various sodium,
ammonium'o'r potassium 'saltsof sulphonated or sulfated fatty alcohols, 'lfattyketones. fatty. acids Stilllfurther objects and advantages will ap peari from the more detailed description set forth b'elov'v', it being understood, however, that this more detailed description is given by way of ilyl celluloses.
and hydrocarbons having from 12 to 32 carbon atoms. I
With this combination is preferably combined a water insoluble, plastic material, cellulose ethers, particularly ethyl cellulose, being preferred. Propyl, butyl and amyl celluloses may also be employed as may also benzyl cellulose in lieu of part or all of the ethyl cellulose.
It has also been found quite satisfactory to include in such compositions small amounts of an inorganic crystalloid detergent salt such as sodium carbonate, sodium phosphate or sodium hexametaphosphate.
In the preferred composition it is also desirable to include water thickening agents or protective colloids such as various gums, like gum acacia, gum tragacanth, gum arabic, agar agar, pectin, deXtrin, British gum, gum Shiraz or water soluble cellulose derivatives, such as meth- Methyl celluloses in contrast to ethyl cellulose are usually water soluble. The preferred methyl cellulose has a solubility of 64 grams per 100 ml. at 25 C. with 2.6 methoxy groups per 12 carbon cellulose unit.
These compositions may be mixedwith fillers and/or abrasives, such as powdered sand, infusorial earth, kieselguhr, whiting, or it may be impregnated upon cloth, paper or other fibrous materials, or upon aluminum, steel or other metal wools or upon glass rock, or mineral wool or upon fibrous mattings, such as those made from hemp or artificial fibers.
With the detergent compositions of the present application, it is important that the detergent base have self-emulsifying ethyl cellulose binders which retard the dissolution or emulsification of thedetergent material from the filler or carrier material with which it has been incorporated or onto which it has been impregnated, and where desired, the final composition may be caused to incorporate substantial quantities of air which will cause it to be a floating soap which when floated upon Water will not readily emulsify or dissolve.
Commercial ethyl cellulose is normally Water insoluble and can only be dispersed in .water by way of an emulsion. Such dispersion may be made in the following manner: The ethyl cellulose, for example 50 parts by Weight of ethyl cellulose having 2.5 ethoxy groups per glucose residue, is first dissolved in toluene ethanol mixture (40 parts tolueneparts ethanol by weight) These are mixed in a high speed mixer or colloid mill and then after initial emulsification they are homogenized. The final product is a heavy creamy emulsion containing about ethyl cellulose.
Commercial methyl cellulose containing 2.5 methoxy groups per glucose residue is water soluble and is used as an emulsion stabilizer, as a sizing gum and if mixed with soap or a detergent would not act in any respect as ethyl cellulose. It
is used for example in shaving creams to stabilize lather.
For example whereas ethyl cellulose promotes micelle formation a micelle being a bundle of detergent or soap molecules, methyl cellulose if used in the same quantities as the ethyl cellulose would have no such effect.
Ethyl cellulose slows rate of solution of soap by 50% to 300% depending upon proportionment. Methyl cellulose does not have this effect. Methyl cellulose may be mixed with soap up to 40% directly without substantially decreasing insolubility of the soap. Butethyl cellulose can only be incorporated up to about 2% above which itwould render soap virtually insoluble.
It has been found desirable to include in the composition, in lieu of all or part of the polyethylene glycol esters, small amounts' from 1 to- 50% by weight ofhighly effective surface active agents, such as, for example, normal polymerized alkyl sulphonates, such as of the nature of dibutyl naphthalene sodium sulphonates, or of alkyl esters of di-basic carboxylic acids, such as the dioctyl ester of sulfonsuccinic acid, or sodium fatty alcohol sulfates such as sodium lauryl sulfates.
These materials should preferably be of anionic or non-ionic nature. Cationic agents are less preferable for most applications but may be advantageously used for low pH types of soils.
Among the other surface active materials which may be used are Triton 770, Triton NE, Arctic Syntex M, Igepal CA, Igepon T or other collamids, Tween 20 and Tween 60.
-' The collamids are generally of the formula:
R-CONH-CI-IzCHzSOsNa AIY1(SO3H) 1/0 (CnHZnO) z-CnHZnSOIlH Arctic Syntex M has the general formula:
CH3 (CH2) 12 to 20COOCH2CH(0H) CH2SO4Na Triton and Igepal CA are the same products and consist of polyethylene oxide condensates having (-CCOC-C)nOI-I groupings with molecular weights of 750 to 1000. Triton NE has the following formula:
HOCH2 (CH2'OCH2) nCHgOH where n is 8 to 90 ethylene oxide groups. The
commercially available material contains approximate 12 ethylene oxide groups. 7
Igepal CA is identified by the formula:
CcHs (CH2OCH2) nCHZOH where n represents 1 to 20 ethylene oxide groups.
The commercial material contains about 6 ethyle'ne oxide groups.
Tween 60 is sorbitan monostearate, while fJI EXAMPLE I A metal cleaning detergent composition which may be impregnated on cloth, paper or other wool, rock wool, or fibrous mattings made of hemp, or artificial fibers, may be made up in the following manner:
As batch A, the following composition is prepared with gentle mixing at a temperature of about 40 C.:
Preferred Range Ethyl cellulose 2 1-4 Methyl Cyclohexanone glyceryl acetal hereinafter called Cyclonol 2 0-4 Ethylene glycol monobutylether 10 5-25 Castor oil 4 0-10 Dibutyl phthalate 1 0-2 Prepare batch B from the following: ingredients," with stirring and gentle heating at 40 C.:
Preferred Range Oleic acid .l 20 5-30 Monoethanolamine 7 2-10 Ammonium gluconate 5 0-10 Sodium hexametaphosphate. 10 0-20 Diethanolamine 10 2-15 Whiting (finest bolted). 50-150 Infusorial earth (#200). 50 25-100 Methyl cellulose ether 4 0-50 Isopropyl alcohol 25 0-50 Dibutyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate 35 0-50 Water 300 -600 After each of batch A and batch B hasbeeni thoroughly mixed they are separately warmed to 70 C. and then batch A is poured into batch B with rapid agitation, emulsification taking place immediately.
Then the mass is agitated until it cools to 50" C. and it is transferred to a colloidal mill and homogenized.
The resultant emulsion may be impregnated upon paper or cloth or other fibrous materials, and the impregnated product may be dried under a vacuum or by gentle heating. The finished product may be used for cleaning metals by dampening the impregnated material with warm water and rubbing on the tarnished metal object until all tarnish is removed.
It will be noted thatthe composition only dis solves slowly with hot water and does not; melt too readily. j I
In the composition set forth above, other oils may be utilized in lieu of castor oil and other alkalies or alkaline materials may be used in lieu of the ethanolamines specified.
Dibutyl phthalate is merely a plasticizer'and may be replaced by other plasticizers and in lieu of oleic acid, it is possible to use other fatty acids to combine with the alkali present.
In lieu of the ethyl cellulose utilized, other water insoluble cellulose ether derivatives may be employed as binders to slow up solution of the fatty acid soap compound which is formed.
'In lieu of the infusorial earth; other abrasives 'orfillers may be employed.
EXAMPLE II v Preferred Range Ammonium stearate. 30 50 Mineral o' '10 2-25 Then batch B is made up, consisting ofthe following ingredients:
Preferred Range 10 2-15 50 -75 100 -150 3 %6 Dioetyl ester of sodium sulfosuccinic acid. 30 10-4 ymoL; 0. 5 0-1 Water 400 150-600 Sodium hexametaphosphate 20 5-40 The ingredients of batch B are first mixed in the water at about 30, while the chemicals of batch A are mixed at about C. and poured into batch B with rapid agitation, which agitation is continued until the emulsion cools to 20 C.
The emulsion is then transferred to a colloid mill and homogenized and then used asa detergent as such with or without the addition of filler, or it may be impregnated upon paper, cloth, or
by gentle heating.
In'the composition stated, the ethyl cellulose acts as a binder.
"The sodium hexametaphosphate will act as a I cleansing agent.
EXAMPLE III L To obtain a floating soap composition, /10 gram of benzyl cellulose having 25 benzyloxy groups per glucose residue may be emulsified with grams of diglyool oleate and then to the emulsion there may be added grams of hard soap and 'l /grgrams of sodium laurylsulfonate.
Theentire mass is heated to about C. and
is transferred to a paste mixer, soap remelter or crutcher.
a While the mass is being kneaded in the mixer, 5; grams of water is added. The massis then agitated very rapidly and is then removed to a vacuum oven or soap frames for drying. While drying the mass can be molded into cake form. The
finished cake is a floating detergent which will not rapidly dissolve while floating on water.
. When the cake is rubbed it will, however, reemulsifyand produce a heavy lather.
. The detergent functions satisfactorily in hard water'and the formation of calcium and magnesium soap curd is repressed by the diglycol oleate d'jthe sodium lauryl sulfonate or sulfate. This d i 'i' ent cake is not sensitive to the changes in atmospheric conditions. It does not lose weight in warm, dry weather, nor does it absorb moisture and become soggy in humid weather.
EXAMPLE IV One gram of polyvinyllalcohol is emulsified-j with 5 grams of mannidemonooleate. To this mixture is added 90 grams of kettle soap and the entire mass is transferred to a paste mill. The temperature is brought up to 100 C. and the mass is kneaded. V
Kettle soap is 65% soap and the balance water and glycerin. After a mass of .even consistency is attained, 2 grams of tetrasodium pyrophosphate dissolved in 8 cc. of hot water are added and mixingis continned." The. mass is then transferred to a vac uum .oven and dried and molded into cake form or to soap frames and cooled or molded into cake form. The finished cake is .smooth and has the appearance of conventional soap.
This detergent may be used in hard waterwith complete satisfaction. This composition enables incorporation of a crystalline electrolyte water softening agent which was not previously possible with soap compositions. Instead of polyvinyl alcohol, dimethylol urea having more than 4 mole units'per-molecules, diomeric or triomeric methacrylates, and diomeric or triomeric vinylidene chlorides or acetates may be used. These areall water insoluble and organic solvent soluble resins.
EXAMPLE V steel or metal wool and then dried in a vacuum or two grams of mannitan monooleatetank and is impregnated onto paper toweling in the conventional manner. The product is dried in a vacuum drier or by gentle heating.- The impregnated paper is stable under various climatic conditions and may be rolled or packaged in out form.
The product may be cast or rolled into a film without fibrous backing. i
The paper towelling made with this composition may be dispensed'with ordinary dispensing machines in public wash rooms and may be used to eliminate the inconvenience of liquid, powdered and cake soaps in public wash rooms.
' As the towel is rubbed on the wetted object, the detergent will re-emulsify and cleanse the object with the above composition.
I EXAMPLE VI A bead soap product that is stable in all cli',-
matic conditions and that will not become soggy can be made as follows:
1 gram of ethyl .cellulos'e is emulsified and plasticized with 2 grams of glycerylmonostearate. To this ina'ssis' added amixture of 92.5 grams of kettle" soap and B'gramsof sodium" myristyl collamide... The entire 'massis kneaded-fin a paste mill or a crutcher and when thoroughly kneaded'itis blown into beads in the conventional,
manner.
This detergent product also functions eifejci 1. WW ,A f ak P wd ter-=- gent composition can be made from. the same formula. The. kneaded mass is. dried. and run through a flaker and the product is then ready for distribution.
Ithas been found that the detergent. compositions described above may be impregnated onto paper or other fibrous material in the process. of. manufacture of such. material.
For example, in making. a crepe or tissue paper. the detergent chemicals can. be mixed in the beateralong. with. the. pulp and binding; materials; andwill not be removed with. the wash. water,
The. use of a self-emulsifying: plasticizer for a cellulose ether substance permits .thedetergent" materials to be incorporated into: the fiber the process of manufacture.
EXAMPLE VII Atissue paper which may be used for cleaning. silver and other fine metals: may be made as fol, lows:
Abeater mass is made up with. twentypounds of sulfite. pulp dispersed with 400 lbs. of. water. While the pulp is agitating in the beater, 1.0 pounds of detergent emulsion is made up in Example I or II.
After the entire mass is thoroughly mixed, it is run out on the screen and. from there through the. rollers of a paper making machine inthe conventional. manner.
The drip liquid from the screen can be re-- covered and used again. in the. beater.
- It is possible to use the above: detergent com-- positions for cleaning metal. In compositions for :cleaning metals such as aluminum, gold, silver, tin, brass, copper, nickel, etcwhich are impregnated on metal wools or abrasives or paper or cloth carriers and rubbed on. the. utensil or other metal object that is being. cleaned the composition may desirably include. a polyhydroxy organic. acid, lactone or polyhydroxy organic salt suspended in. an emulsified binder with a polishing; agent. and wetting agent.
The polyhydroxy organic. acids and. lactones such as gluconic acid and gluconodeltalactorie: are preferred. 7 1
The mixture may be impregnated into a. car riersuch as canton flannel or similar textile material, crepe paper toweling or. tissue paper, or a suitable metal wool such as aluminum wool or a fibrous or wool. siliceous.- mass. such. as. mineral wool and rock wool. The cleaner composition. and the fibrous wool. carrier or abrasive maylbe modified for the cleansing and polishing of. ditferent metals, and all the agents used. should benon-toxic and non-irritating to'thee skin. 3;
It is usually desirable to include agents-which act as emollients and prevent. the skin from drying or chafing when the composition. isused.
A composition suitable. for cleaning silver, gold or platinum impregnated into canton flannel or Similar textile material is made up in. two batches of the following ingredients:
. BatcTiA Parafiin 011 (light). 15- Diglycol laurate 30- Diglycol stearate 10 Diethylene glycol-monobutyl-ether acetate. 10 Ethyl cellulose 5' Beeswax 5 Cyclonol or methyl cyclo-hexanone-glycerol acetal Dibutyl phthalateunr. 1
Keryl C20 to C26 or cetyl. benzene sodium sulfonate (100%) 50 Gluconodeltalactone 50 Batches A and B are both mixed while heating to C.
Then batch B is poured into batch rapid: stirring.
Emulsification takes place immediately and; the mass is stirred rapidly until the temperature. drops to 50 C. The mixture is then run through a homogenizer to complete emulsification.
The temperature is then adjusted to 35 to 40 C. and the emulsion is transferred to a tank.
A ribbon of canton flannel or similar textile is run. through the emulsion and the fibres of the textile become impregnated. The excess emulsion is scraped off the bottom of the cloth and the wet impregnated mass is run through a vacuum dryer or is dried by gentle heating.
The finished. impregnated cloth. may be used. for cleaning silver by moistening, the cloth with. a small. amount of warm. water and then rubbing on the tarnished silver. The impregnated. chemicals re-emulsify and are liberated from the cloth to. act on the soil. and. tarnish. After. the tarnish is removed the. silver isrinsed with. warm water and is ready for use.
EXAMPLE IX A similar cleansing, composition may be. made by impregnating crepe of tissue or other soft.
paper with an emulsion formed. of the following ingredients:
A with Batch A Paraffin oil (light) 15 Ethyl cellulose 5 Beeswax 5 Diglycol laurate 30 Diglycol stearate e 40 Diethylene glycol-monobutyl ether acetate 5 Cyclonol Q Dibutyl phthalate 1 Batch B Water i -i 900 Isopropylalcohole. i 25* Methyl cellulose a 4 Sorbitol 2'0 Infusorial earth (-200 mesh) 1100 Phenyl sulfonate ethylene oxide alcohol sulfate (-1 00%) Gluconodeltalactone 50 The emulsion is made in. the same manner as in. Example VII]; and the paper is impregnated. in. the. same manner. as was the cloth.
The dried impregnated paper may be cut into rolled strips and. dispensed in. much the same manner as rolled paper towels. The impregnated. cleaning. paper is torn off from the roll. and used as. needed. The paper is moistened. with warm and rubbed on a tarnished silver article until it is cleaned. Then the soiled paper may be discarded.
' EXAMPLE. Xi For cleaning baser' metals such as almnmunr zinc, copper, steel, tin, nickel, etc. the following composition maybe-used:
, I Batch 11' ;Petrolatum Ethyl cellulose '7 .Beeswax l 5 'Diglycol laurate 30 Diglycol stearate 'Diethylene glycol-monobutyl ether acetate 5 .Cyclonol 6 Dibutyl phthalate 1 -'Isothymol 0.5
" Batch B Water 300 Isopropyl alcohol Methyl cellulose 5 Sorbitol 20 Infusorial earth (200 mesh) Polyethylene oxide alcohcl20 to 90 C2H4O groups (100%) "Gluconic acid (50%) 100 Tri-isopropanol amine 3 An emulsion is made in the same manner as in Example IX. Then the emulsion is impregnated ,into a porous or abrasive mass such as aluminum 'wool, copper wool, mineral wool or rock wool Also, the emulsion may be impregnated into a woven pad made of ordinary cotton fiber and soft metal fibre. aluminum are suitable for this purpose. Strips of woven metal cloth woven from aluminum, copper or other soft-non-corrosive metal wire may be used.
In the above compositions the cyclonol or cyclo hexanone glycerol acetal and the diethylene glycol-monobutyl ether acetate act as high boiling solvents which keep the emulsion at impregnating consistency and also act to plasticize the binder. The cyclonol-also acts as a grease solvent. .Cyclonol also acts as a true non-emulsifying plasticizer for the ethyl cellulose.
- --'The isothymol acts as a preservative.
- The isopropyl alcohol acts as a solvent for the ethyl cellulose while the sorbitol acts as a humectant and controls the moisture content. I The gluconicacid combines with the tri-isopro- Metal fibers such as copper and 0 panol amine to form a salt in part, the remainder being free acid.
The above compositions are typical but merely illustrative of the scope of this invention. The proportions of the chemicals used may vary considerably from the amounts cited above without departing from the spirit of this invention. Certain chemical agents may be substituted for those cited above.
For example, arabic, arabonic, xylonic, saccharonic or tri-hydroxy glutaric acids may be substituted for gluconic acid.
Any suitable abrasive material such as bentonite, tripoli or rottenstone may be substituted for infusorial earth. Other emulsification bases than diglycol laurate and diglycol stearate may be used. Such emulsification bases are mannide monooleate, mannitan monooleate, diglycol oleate or diethanolamine stearate.
There are many wetting agents that may be used in place of the cited alkyl aryl-sulfonates.
A few of the preferred ones are sodium dibutyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium lauryl alcohol sulfate, sodium tetrahydronapthalene sulfonate, the sodium sulfonate of stearyl alcohol, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium salt of sulfonated myristyl collamide.
Protective colloids other than methyl cellulose :may be used. Such gums as locust beangum,
gum tragacanth, India gum or gum arabic are useful. Such gums also may be replaced by water soluble protein materials such as albumin, gelatin or casein.
Resin binders such as low polymerized vinyl acetate, or polyvinyl alcohols may be substituted for part or all of the ethyl cellulose, if tackiness is avoided.
The present invention is particularly advantageous where it is desired to have a relatively slow dissolving soap as in the case of floating or aerated soaps which tend to dissolve too quickly in water, or where the detergent is combined with a fibrous or abrasive material and tends to dis: solve away from the fibrous material or abrasive too quickly before such fibrous material or abrasive can be thoroughly rubbed upon the object being cleansed. Moreover, the detergent compositions according to the present application are more resistant to atmospheric changes and will not lose weight or gain water with changesfrom temperate to tropical climates, or
with varying humidity or temperature changes in the same locality. The soaps according to the present application may be kept in wet dishes or containers without unduly softening, wasting away or becoming mushy, and where the soap is used in the form of beads, flakes or a powder, there will be decreased tendency toward caking or hardening.
Moreover, the water solubility retarding agent tends to protect the detergent from oxidation.
Where desired, it is possible to employ the slow dissolving soaps of the present invention in combinationwith ordinary, relatively quick dissolving soaps or detergents with the soap or deter-'- gent of the present invention constituting an outer layer or a protective surfacing or being mixed with the entire body of the ordinary detergent or soap so that there will be pockets 01' layers of ordinary detergents or soap which will quickly dissolve when exposed while other layers or pockets of slow dissolving soap, as according toithe present invention, will only slowly dissolve. Among the detergents that may be employed are cleaners for metalssuch as glucono-lactone, ammonium gluconate, trihydroxy glutaric acid, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium metasilicate; toilet detergents such as sodium, potassium or alkanolamine 'stearates, oleates, laurates, palmitates and myristatesj fatty alcohol detergents, such as sodium lauryl or palmityl or oleyl sulphate, sulphonatedfats, 'oils or fatty acids oralcohols suchias sulfonated castor oil, tea seed oil, olive oil, peanut oil, cottonseed oil, spermaceti, cetyl alcohol, japan wax, fish oils, lard, rice bran oil, and so forth; the sodium salts of sulphonated or sulphated esterified dicarboxylic acids and so forth. The detergent may constitute from 5 to of the composition.
The soap and non-soap detergents themselves are not emulsifying agents for the ethyl cellulose or resinous or plastic solubility retarding material and it is necessary to add a material which will emulsify the ethyl cellulose or other solubility retarding material.
The ethyl cellulose or other solubility retarding materials may range from 0.1 to 5% by weight, while the emulsifying agents, usually oil active surface agents such as partially fatty acid esterified polyhydric aliphatic alcohols for the solubility retarding materials may range from 0.005% to 2%.
The water soluble, organic solvent soluble,
Mannide oleate or mannitan oleate permit incorporation of water softening agents, such as tetra sodium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and so forth without these substances crystallizing in the composition. These selfemulsifying plasticizers are usually polyhydric alcohols, one or more of the hydroxy groups of which are combined with high molecular weight fatty acidswith one or more free hydroxy groups. Oils, waxes and fats are added as lubricants and may be used in amounts from to 10%.
Where water soluble or dispersible gums, such as methyl cellulose, India gum and dextrin are employed they may be used in amounts ranging from /2 to 5%.
Where organic solvents such as isopropanol, ethylene glycol alkyl ethers, and so forth are employed they are evaporated off and reclaimed.
The present application is a continuation-inpart of application Ser. No. 405,659, filed August 6, 1941, and now abandoned.
Many other changes could be effected in the particular features of detergent compositions described, and in methods of usage set forth, and in specific details thereof, without substantially departing from the invention intended to be defined in the claims, the specific description therein merely serving to illustrate certain elements by which, in one embodiment, the spirit of the invention may be efiectuated.
What is claimed is:
1. A solid detergent composition formed of a sodium soap of high molecular weight fatty acid and about 0.1% to 5% by weight of a water-insoluble ethyl cellulose to retard ready solution of said soap and from about 0.005% to 2% of a partial high molecular Weight fatty acid ester of a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol.
2. A solid detergent composition formed of a sodium soap of high molecular weight fatty acid and about 0.1% to 5% by weight of a water-insoluble ethyl cellulose to retard ready solution '12 of said soap and from about 0.005% to 2% of a partial high molecular weight fatty acid ester of a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol, the emulsifying agent being mannitan monoleate.
3. A solid detergent composition formed of a sodium soap of high molecular weight fatty acid and about 0.1% to 5% by weight of a water-insoluble ethyl cellulose to retard ready solution of said soap and from about 0.005% to- 2% of a partial high molecular weight fatty acid ester of a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol, the ethyl cellulose containing about 2.5 ethoxy groups per glucose residue.
4. A solid detergent composition formed of a sodium soap of a high molecular weight fatty acid and about 0.1% to 5% by weight of a water-insoluble ethyl cellulose to retard ready solution of said soap and an emulsifying agent consisting of a partial high molecular weight fatty acid ester of a polyhydric aliphatic alcohol in an amount suflicient to emulsify said ethyl cellulose into the soap.
LOUIS MCDONALD.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,436,928 Zink Nov. 28, 1922 1,436,929 Zink Nov. 28, 1922 2,027,535 Jacobson Jan. 14, 1936 2,226,075 Rowe Dec. 24, 1940 2,356,168 Mabley Aug. 22, 1944 2,383,610 Morgan Aug. 28, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 7,128 Great Britain 1910v 211,294 Great Britain Feb. 21, 1924 340,232 Great Britain Dec. 17, 1930 423,238 Great Britain Jan. 29, 1935 444,165 Great Britain Apr. 1; 1936 473,220 Great Britain Oct. 8, 1937 488,686 Great Britain July 12, 1938 884,116 France Aug. 3, 1943 OTHER REFERENCES Industrial Chemist, June 1932, pp. 223, 224.
Lorand: Article in Ind. and Eng. Chem., May 1938, vol. 30, No. 5,,pp. 527-530.
Hercules, pub. on Ethyl Cellulose Properties and Uses, 1944, pp. 19, 30.
Claims (1)
- 4. A SOLID DETERGENT COMPOSITION FORMED OF A SODIUM SOAP OF A HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT FATTY ACID AND ABOUT 0.1% TO 5% BY WEIGHT OF A WATER-INSOLUBLE ETHYL CELLULOSE TO RETARD READY SOLUTION OF SAID SOAP AND AN EMULSIFYING AGENT CONSISTING OF A PARTIAL HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT FATTY ACID ESTER OF A POLYHYDRIC ALIPHATIC ALCOHOL IN AN AMOUNT SUFFICIENT TO EMULSIFY SAID ETHYL CELLULOSE INTO THE SOAP.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US792617A US2587637A (en) | 1947-12-18 | 1947-12-18 | Detergent composition |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US792617A US2587637A (en) | 1947-12-18 | 1947-12-18 | Detergent composition |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US2587637A true US2587637A (en) | 1952-03-04 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US792617A Expired - Lifetime US2587637A (en) | 1947-12-18 | 1947-12-18 | Detergent composition |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2714093A (en) * | 1952-07-02 | 1955-07-26 | Blumenthal Armin | Method of preparing detergent compositions |
US4100097A (en) * | 1977-02-02 | 1978-07-11 | The Hewitt Soap Company, Inc. | Low pH detergent bar |
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GB191007128A (en) * | 1910-03-22 | 1910-09-08 | Alfred Johnson | A Shaving Paste. |
US1436929A (en) * | 1919-07-09 | 1922-11-28 | Arthur O Zink | Soap |
US1436928A (en) * | 1919-07-09 | 1922-11-28 | Arthur O Zink | Soap |
GB211294A (en) * | 1922-12-21 | 1924-02-21 | Grigori Petroff | Process for the manufacture of detergent compositions |
GB340232A (en) * | 1929-08-17 | 1930-12-17 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Improved cleansing agents |
GB423238A (en) * | 1932-07-05 | 1935-01-29 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Improvements in washing textiles, and preparations and washing liquors suitable therefor |
US2027535A (en) * | 1933-02-28 | 1936-01-14 | Klipstein Chemical Processes I | Cleaning and polishing composition |
GB444165A (en) * | 1934-06-08 | 1936-03-16 | Victor Boulez | A process of manufacturing soap |
GB473220A (en) * | 1936-06-04 | 1937-10-08 | Adolf Welter | Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of soap |
GB488686A (en) * | 1936-10-01 | 1938-07-12 | Kalle & Co Ag | Manufacture of colloidal urea-aldehyde condensation products |
US2226075A (en) * | 1938-04-22 | 1940-12-24 | Du Pont | Soap product |
FR884116A (en) * | 1942-07-10 | 1943-08-03 | Alliance Europ | Use of cellulose and its derivatives in soap making |
US2356168A (en) * | 1941-08-16 | 1944-08-22 | Clarence W Mabley | Soap leaf |
US2383610A (en) * | 1943-03-10 | 1945-08-28 | Cities Service Oil Co | Hand cleaning composition |
-
1947
- 1947-12-18 US US792617A patent/US2587637A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB191007128A (en) * | 1910-03-22 | 1910-09-08 | Alfred Johnson | A Shaving Paste. |
US1436929A (en) * | 1919-07-09 | 1922-11-28 | Arthur O Zink | Soap |
US1436928A (en) * | 1919-07-09 | 1922-11-28 | Arthur O Zink | Soap |
GB211294A (en) * | 1922-12-21 | 1924-02-21 | Grigori Petroff | Process for the manufacture of detergent compositions |
GB340232A (en) * | 1929-08-17 | 1930-12-17 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Improved cleansing agents |
GB423238A (en) * | 1932-07-05 | 1935-01-29 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Improvements in washing textiles, and preparations and washing liquors suitable therefor |
US2027535A (en) * | 1933-02-28 | 1936-01-14 | Klipstein Chemical Processes I | Cleaning and polishing composition |
GB444165A (en) * | 1934-06-08 | 1936-03-16 | Victor Boulez | A process of manufacturing soap |
GB473220A (en) * | 1936-06-04 | 1937-10-08 | Adolf Welter | Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of soap |
GB488686A (en) * | 1936-10-01 | 1938-07-12 | Kalle & Co Ag | Manufacture of colloidal urea-aldehyde condensation products |
US2226075A (en) * | 1938-04-22 | 1940-12-24 | Du Pont | Soap product |
US2356168A (en) * | 1941-08-16 | 1944-08-22 | Clarence W Mabley | Soap leaf |
FR884116A (en) * | 1942-07-10 | 1943-08-03 | Alliance Europ | Use of cellulose and its derivatives in soap making |
US2383610A (en) * | 1943-03-10 | 1945-08-28 | Cities Service Oil Co | Hand cleaning composition |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2714093A (en) * | 1952-07-02 | 1955-07-26 | Blumenthal Armin | Method of preparing detergent compositions |
US4100097A (en) * | 1977-02-02 | 1978-07-11 | The Hewitt Soap Company, Inc. | Low pH detergent bar |
US4151105A (en) * | 1977-02-02 | 1979-04-24 | The Hewitt Soap Company Inc. | Low pH detergent bar |
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