US2586477A - Treatment of textile materials - Google Patents
Treatment of textile materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2586477A US2586477A US770943A US77094347A US2586477A US 2586477 A US2586477 A US 2586477A US 770943 A US770943 A US 770943A US 77094347 A US77094347 A US 77094347A US 2586477 A US2586477 A US 2586477A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- salt
- fabrics
- fabric
- styrene
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 5
- -1 amine salt Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 4
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CC=CC2=C1 YBYIRNPNPLQARY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010410 dusting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KETWBQOXTBGBBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hex-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CCCCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KETWBQOXTBGBBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- NJMGRJLQRLFQQX-HYXAFXHYSA-N 2-isopropylmaleic acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(\C(O)=O)=C\C(O)=O NJMGRJLQRLFQQX-HYXAFXHYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000491 Corchorus aestuans Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical class [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJWPFSQVORELDX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium formate Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O MJWPFSQVORELDX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical class [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K antimony trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Sb](Cl)Cl FAPDDOBMIUGHIN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical class [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical class [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical class [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 description 1
- PBZROIMXDZTJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hepta-1,6-dien-4-one Chemical compound C=CCC(=O)CC=C PBZROIMXDZTJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940097413 isopropyl maleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxozirconium;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.[Zr]=O CMOAHYOGLLEOGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN DPBLXKKOBLCELK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009988 textile finishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HADKRTWCOYPCPH-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethylphenylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HADKRTWCOYPCPH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl methyl ketone Natural products CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
Definitions
- This invention relates to improved textile finishing materials, and methods of treating yarns and fabrics therewith.
- the yarns or fabric is treated, as by dipping or spraying.
- the treated fabric is then dried, whereby an insoluble salt of the copolymer is formed, which remains on the fabric after washing and provides a substantially permanent finish.
- the concentration of the styrene-maleic salt solution and the pick-up should be adjusted to deposit on the fabric from 2 to 15% by weight of the styrene-maleic salt, but preferably between about 4 and 7%.
- the heavy metal salt solution employed is generally dilute, as only small sections of cloth are subjected to this solution at any one time. Moreover, the time of immersion of the cloth in the solution may be varied in accordance with the concentration. In general, solutions of about 1 to 2% strength are used, but stronger solutions may be employed, if desired.
- the heavy metal salt is water-soluble, it may be applied to the fabric before the salt of the anhydride is applied, or after the salt of the anhydride is applied but before drying, or it may be applied after the salt of the anhydride is applied and dried. However, in cases in which the heavy metal salt is insoluble in water, these salts are first dispersed in the aqueous bath of the salt of the anhydride before being applied. Fabrics treated with these combined dispersions are then dried to form the insoluble heavy metal salt of the anhydride.
- the heavy metal salts which may be used for the purpose of this invention are salts of aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium. bismuth, cadmium, calcium, cerium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, platinum, silver, strontium, tin, zinc and zirconium.
- Suitable ammonium or amine salts of the copolymer include the salts of ammonia, guanidine, alkylamines, such as methyl, butyl and amyl amine, and quaternary ammonium hydroxides, such as phenyl trimethyl ammonium hydroxide.
- the copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride used in accordance with this invention is a wellestablished product which may be prepared in several ways.
- One of the well-known methods is mass polymerization, which involves heating styrene and maleic anhydride at temperatures between about 100 and 300 F. for several hours or more. Preferably, the materials are heated cautiously, as in a water bath.
- Another method which may be used is known as the solvent process which involves reacting the styrene and maleic anhydride at slightly elevated temperatures in the presence of a solvent which is capable of dissolving both the starting materials and the finished polymer, such as acetone.
- the copolymerization may be carried out in the presence of a catalyst, such as benzoyl peroxide.
- a catalyst such as benzoyl peroxide.
- Still another method which can be used is the solvent-non-solvent method which involves carrying out the reaction as above, but in a solvent which is capable of dissolving only the starting material and not the final copolymer.
- copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride produced by the above or by any other wellknown method of manufacture is soluble in acetone, but insoluble in alcohol or benzene, and forms water-soluble salts of ammonia or alkali metals.
- substituted styrenes such as methyl or butyl styrene, chlorstyrene or the like, may be used to prepare copolymers which are soluble in dilute aqueous solutions of alkali or ammonia.
- maleic anhydride partially esterifled maleic anhydride, such as the half ester of isopropyl maleate, may be used. It
- Example I A solution of an ammonium salt of styrenemaleic anhydride resin was prepared by mixing together 600 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride, prepared by copolymerizing equimoleeular quantitles of styrene and maleic anhydride at about 200 F. in a water bath, 400 parts of 28% NHAOH and 9000 parts of water. The resulting mixture was then heated to 200 to 212 F. with stirring, and maintained at this temperature until a uniform, somewhat viscous transparent solution resulted. This required about one hour.
- Spun rayon fabric and heavy cotton sheeting were dipped in the bath prepared as described above, after which it was passed through a padder adjusted for 100% pick-up.
- The: bath was maintained at about 120 F. during the treatment to insure uniform penetration.
- the treated sheeting was then dried, after which the dried sheeting was immersed in a 2% zirconium oxychloride solution for minutes at 120 F. Following this the treated fabric was thoroughly rinsed and dried. The finished fabric was resistant to washing and showed good water-repellency.
- Example II Samples of spun rayon fabric and cotton fabric treated with ammonium salt solutions prepared as described in Example I were treated with 1% solutions of aluminum formate, copper acetate and antimony chloride respectively for 10 minutes at 120. The fabrics were then thoroughly rinsed and dried. The treated fabrics had a full firm hand and were resistant to washing.
- Example I II On thousand parts of a 7% aqueous solution of the ammonium salt of the copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride were mixed with parts of powdered CaCO: and ball milled for 24 hours. Samples of spun rayon and cotton sheeting were immersed in the dispersion thus prepared and then padded, the pad being adjusted to deposit on the fabric 7 solids. The treated fabrics were then dried at 200 F. for 5 minutes and cured for 5 minutes at 280 F. The resulting fabrics were resistant to washing and had a stifi finish.
- the process is also applicable to acetate rayon, nylon, glass, linen, fiax, hemp, jute, ramie, wool, silk, cuprammonium rayon and synthetic protein fabrics, and fabrics containing mixtures and blends of any of the above materials.
- aqueous solutions referred to in the appended claims are intended to include acqueous dispersions, as it is possible that the ammonium or amine salts, in the solution are actually present in the form of a colloidal dispersion.
- the method of preparing and finishing textile fabrics which comprises treating yarns with an aqueous solution of a salt of copolymerized styrene-maleic anhydride selected from the group consisting of alkali salts and amine salts, said solution being supplied in an amount sufficient to provide from 4 to 7% by weight of the salt based on the yarn weaving the resulting yarns into fabrics, then applying an aqueous solution of a heavy metal salt to the fabric, after which the fabric is dried.
- a salt of copolymerized styrene-maleic anhydride selected from the group consisting of alkali salts and amine salts
- the method of preparing and finishing textile fabrics which comprises treating yarns with an aqueous solution of a salt of a copolymer prepared by copolymerizing a substance selected from the group consisting of styrene, methyl styrene, butyl styrene and chlorostyrene with a substance selected from the group consisting of maleic anhydride and partial esters of maleic acid.
- said salt being selected from the group consisting of alkali salts and amine salts, said solution being supplied in an amount sufficient to provide from 4 to 7% by weight of the salt, based on the yarn, weaving the resulting yarns into fabrics, then applying an aqueous solution of a heavy metal salt to the fabric, after which the fabric is dried.
- the method of preparing and finishin textile fabrics which comprises treating yarns with an aqueous solution of an ammonium salt of copolymerized styrene-maleic anhydride, said solution being supplied in an amount sufficient to provide from 4 to 7% by weight of the salt based on the yarn, weaving the resulting yarns into 15 fabrics; then applying an aqueous solution of a heavy metal salt to the fabr1c, after which the UNITED STATES PATENTS fab! is dried- Number Name Date GEORGE NILES- 1,976,679 Fikentscher et a1. Oct. 9, 1994 l 2,319,852 Doolittle May 28, 1943 REFERENCES CITED 2,356,879 Pense et a1 Aug. 29, 1944 The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
Description
Patented Feb. 19, 1952 TREATMENT OF TEXTILE MATERIALS George E. Niles, Winchester, Masa, assignor to Monsanto Chemical Company, St.
corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Application August 27, 1947, Serial No. 770,943
- 6 Claims. 1
This invention relates to improved textile finishing materials, and methods of treating yarns and fabrics therewith.
It is common practice to treat yarns and fabrics with starch solutions in order to impart a relatively stiffened finish thereto. Starched fabrics however lose their stiffened character and appearance after asingle washing, and also tend ,to dust out. Furthermore, fabrics treated with starch finishes will not retain the stifiened finish after mild washing.
It is the primary object of the present invention to provide a substantially permanent stiffened finish which cannot be appreciably removed by ordinary washing operations and is substantially free of dusting.
Still further objects and advantages of the invention will appear from the following description and appended claims.
In accomplishing the above objects the yarns or fabric is treated, as by dipping or spraying.
with an aqueous solution or dispersion of an alkali or amine salt, including sodium, potassium, ammonium and quaternary ammonium salts of copolymerized styrene-maleic anhydride, after which the yarn is treated with a dilute solution of a heavy metal salt. The treated fabric is then dried, whereby an insoluble salt of the copolymer is formed, which remains on the fabric after washing and provides a substantially permanent finish.
The concentration of the styrene-maleic salt solution and the pick-up should be adjusted to deposit on the fabric from 2 to 15% by weight of the styrene-maleic salt, but preferably between about 4 and 7%. The heavy metal salt solution employed is generally dilute, as only small sections of cloth are subjected to this solution at any one time. Moreover, the time of immersion of the cloth in the solution may be varied in accordance with the concentration. In general, solutions of about 1 to 2% strength are used, but stronger solutions may be employed, if desired.
It the heavy metal salt is water-soluble, it may be applied to the fabric before the salt of the anhydride is applied, or after the salt of the anhydride is applied but before drying, or it may be applied after the salt of the anhydride is applied and dried. However, in cases in which the heavy metal salt is insoluble in water, these salts are first dispersed in the aqueous bath of the salt of the anhydride before being applied. Fabrics treated with these combined dispersions are then dried to form the insoluble heavy metal salt of the anhydride.
Louis, Mo., a
The heavy metal salts which may be used for the purpose of this invention are salts of aluminum, antimony, arsenic, barium, beryllium. bismuth, cadmium, calcium, cerium, cesium, chromium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, magnesium, manganese, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, platinum, silver, strontium, tin, zinc and zirconium. Suitable ammonium or amine salts of the copolymer include the salts of ammonia, guanidine, alkylamines, such as methyl, butyl and amyl amine, and quaternary ammonium hydroxides, such as phenyl trimethyl ammonium hydroxide.
The copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride used in accordance with this invention is a wellestablished product which may be prepared in several ways. One of the well-known methods is mass polymerization, which involves heating styrene and maleic anhydride at temperatures between about 100 and 300 F. for several hours or more. Preferably, the materials are heated cautiously, as in a water bath. Another method which may be used is known as the solvent process which involves reacting the styrene and maleic anhydride at slightly elevated temperatures in the presence of a solvent which is capable of dissolving both the starting materials and the finished polymer, such as acetone. If desired, the copolymerization may be carried out in the presence of a catalyst, such as benzoyl peroxide. Still another method which can be used is the solvent-non-solvent method which involves carrying out the reaction as above, but in a solvent which is capable of dissolving only the starting material and not the final copolymer.
The copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride produced by the above or by any other wellknown method of manufacture is soluble in acetone, but insoluble in alcohol or benzene, and forms water-soluble salts of ammonia or alkali metals. Instead of styrene, substituted styrenes, such as methyl or butyl styrene, chlorstyrene or the like, may be used to prepare copolymers which are soluble in dilute aqueous solutions of alkali or ammonia. Instead of maleic anhydride, partially esterifled maleic anhydride, such as the half ester of isopropyl maleate, may be used. It
is also possible to prepare and use in accordance with this invetnion copolymers of styrene and maleic anhydride which have been copolymerized with relatively small amounts of other unsaturated compounds, such as vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinyl ethyl ether, indene, vinyl methyl ketone, acrylic esters and the like.
A further understanding or the mvenuoa will be obtained from the following examples, the parts being given by weight:
Example I A solution of an ammonium salt of styrenemaleic anhydride resin was prepared by mixing together 600 parts of styrene-maleic anhydride, prepared by copolymerizing equimoleeular quantitles of styrene and maleic anhydride at about 200 F. in a water bath, 400 parts of 28% NHAOH and 9000 parts of water. The resulting mixture was then heated to 200 to 212 F. with stirring, and maintained at this temperature until a uniform, somewhat viscous transparent solution resulted. This required about one hour.
Spun rayon fabric and heavy cotton sheeting were dipped in the bath prepared as described above, after which it was passed through a padder adjusted for 100% pick-up. The: bath was maintained at about 120 F. during the treatment to insure uniform penetration. The treated sheeting was then dried, after which the dried sheeting was immersed in a 2% zirconium oxychloride solution for minutes at 120 F. Following this the treated fabric was thoroughly rinsed and dried. The finished fabric was resistant to washing and showed good water-repellency.
Example II Samples of spun rayon fabric and cotton fabric treated with ammonium salt solutions prepared as described in Example I were treated with 1% solutions of aluminum formate, copper acetate and antimony chloride respectively for 10 minutes at 120. The fabrics were then thoroughly rinsed and dried. The treated fabrics had a full firm hand and were resistant to washing.
Example I II On thousand parts of a 7% aqueous solution of the ammonium salt of the copolymer of styrene and maleic anhydride were mixed with parts of powdered CaCO: and ball milled for 24 hours. Samples of spun rayon and cotton sheeting were immersed in the dispersion thus prepared and then padded, the pad being adjusted to deposit on the fabric 7 solids. The treated fabrics were then dried at 200 F. for 5 minutes and cured for 5 minutes at 280 F. The resulting fabrics were resistant to washing and had a stifi finish.
Although the examples refer to the treatment of cotton and viscose fabrics, the process is also applicable to acetate rayon, nylon, glass, linen, fiax, hemp, jute, ramie, wool, silk, cuprammonium rayon and synthetic protein fabrics, and fabrics containing mixtures and blends of any of the above materials.
By treating fabrics with the finishing agents described herein, a substantially permanent, stiffened finish is obtained, due to the fact that only relatively small amounts of the dried and reacted resin are lost on washing, 1. e. of the order of 2 to 10%. The finished fabric is also smooth and substantially free of dusting in contrast to the well-known starch treated fabrics. When the resin is applied to the warp yarn and insolubilized thereon, there is the further advantage that the weaving operation is improved owing to the higher tensile strength of the yarn, its increased resistance to abrasion, and its generally stiffened character. The fabric prepared from treated yarn has the desired finish characteristics without further treatment, but if desired it may be subjected to additional finishing operations. The styrene-maleic salt may also be applied to the yarn without insolubilization, after which the yarn is woven, and the heavy metal salt solution is applied.
It is customary to apply the sizing or finishing materials described herein to yarns or fabrics. However, it is possible to obtain similar results by treating fibers, either initially or at any stage of their processing prior to spinning, after which the fibers may be spun and woven to obtain fabrics of the desired finish characteristics. Yarns prepared from such treated fibers may also be readily woven. It is also possible to treat in accordance with this invention fibers which are to be used as such, as for example in cotton batting, or in the preparation of non-woven fabrics.
It is believed that the insolubility, resistance to washing and water-repellency of fabrics treated according to this invention are due to the metathesis of the heavy metal ion for the ammonium or alkali ion in the salt of the styrenemaleic anhydride copolymer. This exchange may take place before, during or after the drying operation.
It should be understood that the aqueous solutions referred to in the appended claims are intended to include acqueous dispersions, as it is possible that the ammonium or amine salts, in the solution are actually present in the form of a colloidal dispersion.
What is claimed is:
1. The method of preparing and finishing textile fabrics which comprises treating yarns with an aqueous solution of a salt of copolymerized styrene-maleic anhydride selected from the group consisting of alkali salts and amine salts, said solution being supplied in an amount sufficient to provide from 4 to 7% by weight of the salt based on the yarn weaving the resulting yarns into fabrics, then applying an aqueous solution of a heavy metal salt to the fabric, after which the fabric is dried.
2. The method of preparing and finishing textile fabrics which comprises treating yarns with an aqueous solution of a salt of a copolymer prepared by copolymerizing a substance selected from the group consisting of styrene, methyl styrene, butyl styrene and chlorostyrene with a substance selected from the group consisting of maleic anhydride and partial esters of maleic acid. said salt being selected from the group consisting of alkali salts and amine salts, said solution being supplied in an amount sufficient to provide from 4 to 7% by weight of the salt, based on the yarn, weaving the resulting yarns into fabrics, then applying an aqueous solution of a heavy metal salt to the fabric, after which the fabric is dried.
3. The method according to claim 1, but further characterized in that the heavy metal salt is a zirconium salt.
4. The method according to claim 1, but further characterized in that the heavy metal salt is an aluminum salt.
5. The method according to claim 1, but further characterized in that the heavy metal salt is a copper salt.
6. The method of preparing and finishin textile fabrics which comprises treating yarns with an aqueous solution of an ammonium salt of copolymerized styrene-maleic anhydride, said solution being supplied in an amount sufficient to provide from 4 to 7% by weight of the salt based on the yarn, weaving the resulting yarns into 15 fabrics; then applying an aqueous solution of a heavy metal salt to the fabr1c, after which the UNITED STATES PATENTS fab! is dried- Number Name Date GEORGE NILES- 1,976,679 Fikentscher et a1. Oct. 9, 1994 l 2,319,852 Doolittle May 28, 1943 REFERENCES CITED 2,356,879 Pense et a1 Aug. 29, 1944 The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
Claims (1)
1. THE METHOD OF PREPARING AND FINISHING TEXTILE FABRIC WHICH COMPRISES TREATING YARNS WITH AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF A SALT OF COPOLYMERIZED STYRENE-MALEIC ANHYDRIDE SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALKALI SALTS AND AMINE SALTS, SAID SOLUTION BEING SUPPLIED IN AN AMOUNT SUFFI CIENT TO PROVIDE FROM 4 TO 7% BY WEIGHT OF THE SALT BASED ON THE YARN WEAVING THE RESULTING YARNS INTO FABRICS, THEN APPLYING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF A HEAVY METAL SALT TO THE FABRIC, AFTER WHICH THE FABRIC IS DRIED.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US770943A US2586477A (en) | 1947-08-27 | 1947-08-27 | Treatment of textile materials |
GB21289/48A GB669187A (en) | 1947-08-27 | 1948-08-12 | Improvements in or relating to textile finishing materials and methods of treating yarns, fibres and fabrics therewith |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US770943A US2586477A (en) | 1947-08-27 | 1947-08-27 | Treatment of textile materials |
Publications (1)
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US2586477A true US2586477A (en) | 1952-02-19 |
Family
ID=25090178
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US770943A Expired - Lifetime US2586477A (en) | 1947-08-27 | 1947-08-27 | Treatment of textile materials |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2586477A (en) |
GB (1) | GB669187A (en) |
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2651587A (en) * | 1947-06-02 | 1953-09-08 | Monsanto Chemicals | Treatment of textile materials |
US2799914A (en) * | 1953-05-14 | 1957-07-23 | Monsanto Chemicals | Sized yarn and fabric containing same |
US2864808A (en) * | 1954-12-15 | 1958-12-16 | Monsanto Chemicals | Terpolymer system |
DE1052942B (en) * | 1955-06-04 | 1959-03-19 | Hoechst Ag | Process for making textile materials with a content of hydrophobic synthetic fibers antistatic |
US2919964A (en) * | 1956-12-24 | 1960-01-05 | Leonard T Evans | Journal box lubrication |
US3005802A (en) * | 1958-09-04 | 1961-10-24 | Johnson & Johnson | Adhesive salt of an ester of a maleic anhydride copolymer |
US3012978A (en) * | 1954-10-26 | 1961-12-12 | Celanese Corp | Process of treating filaments with a peroxygen compound |
US3084070A (en) * | 1958-09-02 | 1963-04-02 | Dow Chemical Co | Warp size comprising high molecular weight styrene/maleic anhydride copolymer |
US3642510A (en) * | 1968-02-01 | 1972-02-15 | Matsumoto Chemical Industry Co | Process for preparing titanium oxide pigment having high dispersibility in hydrophobic systems |
CN103923418A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-07-16 | 南京信息工程大学 | High-ultraviolet absorption capacity material and preparation method thereof |
CN106087087A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-11-09 | 恒天纤维集团有限公司 | Antibacterial regenerated celulose fibre and preparation method thereof |
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US9775324B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2017-10-03 | Delaval Holding Ab | Milk conduit, and a milk conduit assembly |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1976679A (en) * | 1930-05-26 | 1934-10-09 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Production of dispersions |
US2319852A (en) * | 1939-02-02 | 1943-05-25 | Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp | Coating composition |
US2356879A (en) * | 1939-12-12 | 1944-08-29 | Pense Walter | Process of preparing lustrous coatings |
-
1947
- 1947-08-27 US US770943A patent/US2586477A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1948
- 1948-08-12 GB GB21289/48A patent/GB669187A/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1976679A (en) * | 1930-05-26 | 1934-10-09 | Ig Farbenindustrie Ag | Production of dispersions |
US2319852A (en) * | 1939-02-02 | 1943-05-25 | Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp | Coating composition |
US2356879A (en) * | 1939-12-12 | 1944-08-29 | Pense Walter | Process of preparing lustrous coatings |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2651587A (en) * | 1947-06-02 | 1953-09-08 | Monsanto Chemicals | Treatment of textile materials |
US2799914A (en) * | 1953-05-14 | 1957-07-23 | Monsanto Chemicals | Sized yarn and fabric containing same |
US3012978A (en) * | 1954-10-26 | 1961-12-12 | Celanese Corp | Process of treating filaments with a peroxygen compound |
US2864808A (en) * | 1954-12-15 | 1958-12-16 | Monsanto Chemicals | Terpolymer system |
DE1052942B (en) * | 1955-06-04 | 1959-03-19 | Hoechst Ag | Process for making textile materials with a content of hydrophobic synthetic fibers antistatic |
US2919964A (en) * | 1956-12-24 | 1960-01-05 | Leonard T Evans | Journal box lubrication |
US3084070A (en) * | 1958-09-02 | 1963-04-02 | Dow Chemical Co | Warp size comprising high molecular weight styrene/maleic anhydride copolymer |
US3005802A (en) * | 1958-09-04 | 1961-10-24 | Johnson & Johnson | Adhesive salt of an ester of a maleic anhydride copolymer |
US3642510A (en) * | 1968-02-01 | 1972-02-15 | Matsumoto Chemical Industry Co | Process for preparing titanium oxide pigment having high dispersibility in hydrophobic systems |
CN103923418A (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2014-07-16 | 南京信息工程大学 | High-ultraviolet absorption capacity material and preparation method thereof |
CN103923418B (en) * | 2014-05-06 | 2016-02-03 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of high ultraviolet absorption ability material and preparation method thereof |
CN106087087A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-11-09 | 恒天纤维集团有限公司 | Antibacterial regenerated celulose fibre and preparation method thereof |
CN106087087B (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2018-02-23 | 恒天纤维集团有限公司 | Antibacterial regenerated celulose fibre and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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GB669187A (en) | 1952-03-26 |
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