US2584779A - Production of threads of thermoplastic cellulose derivatives - Google Patents

Production of threads of thermoplastic cellulose derivatives Download PDF

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Publication number
US2584779A
US2584779A US54624A US5462448A US2584779A US 2584779 A US2584779 A US 2584779A US 54624 A US54624 A US 54624A US 5462448 A US5462448 A US 5462448A US 2584779 A US2584779 A US 2584779A
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United States
Prior art keywords
threads
per cent
thread
extensibility
stretching
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US54624A
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English (en)
Inventor
Harry M Averns
Straw Joel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzo Nobel UK PLC
Original Assignee
Courtaulds PLC
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Publication date
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
    • D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the production of threads of thermoplastic cellulose derivatives such as cellulose esters or ethers and in particular cellulose acetate;
  • threads is used broadly in this specification to include iibres, iilarnents, threads, yarns. cords and like rilainentary materials.
  • the threads being Woven are generally subjected to varying tension and moreover the tension may at some stages reach a high value.
  • Weaving threads of low extensibility there is consequently a :pronounced tendency for the threads ⁇ to break during the weaving.
  • the object of the present invention is to produce high tenacity threads of thermo-plastic cellulose derivatives which have a sufficient extensibility for normal weaving purposes'.
  • process for the production of high tenacity threads of Ithermoplastic cellulose derivatives suitable for Weaving comprises the steps of heating preformed threads of the thermoplastic cellulose derivative to a .temperature suflicient to render them plastic, stretching the threads at .least 50 per cent while they are in the plastic state, and subsequently .permitting the threads tc shrink at least 8 per cent While they are in a heated plastic state.
  • the stretching and shrinking steps may be carried out While the threads are conveyed through a single heating chamber but are preferably e'iected in separate heating chambers.
  • the stretching of the plastic thread is effected in two stages, the thread being stretched in the iirst stage at least 40 per cent and in the second stage a lower degree of stretch may be used, for example 30 per cent.
  • the preferred range ior the single stretching operation is from 4G to 300 per 'cent and for the .two-stage stretching operation the preferred phere before collecting the thread; if desired 'a current of air at ordinary temperature may also be directed onto the thread.
  • the treatment of the thread with air in this manner allows the thread to become dimensionally stable before it Yis collected.
  • the stretching of the plastic thread increases the tenacity and reduces the extensibility and the subsequent shrinking of the thread has littlel eiect on the tenacity but 'causes 'an ⁇ appreciable increase in the extensibility.
  • the process of the invention is preferably conducted continuously with the help of the apparatus diagrammatically illustrated in the accompanying drawing.
  • three vertical heating tubes I, 2, 3, preferably electrically heated, are arranged alongside each other and four rotating rollers, 4, 5, 6, 1, for example godets, the diameters and speeds of which are such as to ensure stretching of the thread as it 3 passes through each of the first two heating tubes I and 2 and shrinkage as it passes through the third heating tube 3.
  • cellulose acetate thread 8 is drawn from a bobbin 9 and is passed with the aid or xed guides I0, I I, twice around the first roller 4, then up through the air and with the aid of further guides I2, I3 down through the rst heating tube I and around the second roller 5 which as shown is on a common driving shaft with, and is of larger diameter than, the rst roller 4, then with the aid of guides I4, I5, I6, II up through the air and down through the second heating tube 2 and around the third roller 6 which is of smaller diameter than the second roller 5 but is driven at a higher speed of rotation, then once again with the aid of guides I8, I9, 2i), 2
  • the tenacity of the thread was 2.10 grams per denier and the extensibility was 13 per cent.
  • the tenacity was 2.40 grams per denier and the extensibility was per cent.
  • the shrinking step the tenacity was 2.30
  • Example 2 A single stretching operation was carried out in exactly the same manner as the rst stage stretching operation of Example 1, to give a 75 per cent stretch and the shrinking step was designed to give 10 per cent shrinkage.
  • the stretched yarn, as in Example 1 had a tenacity of 2.10 grams per denier and an extensibility of 13 per cent. After shrinkage the This tenacity was 2.0 grams per denier and the extensibility was per cent.
  • the thread from the second wheel 5 may be collected on a bobbin and subsequently reheated and then stretched and shrunk, or shrunk only. as a separate operation.
  • the temperature of the stretching tube may be varied, depending on the speed of the stretching, the percentage of stretch and the properties required in the nal yarn; for example *with*v cellur7 from2l0?.
  • the temperature may vary to 360 centigrade according to condi44 'Ihe degree of shrinkage may also desired to give diiierent extensibilitie l
  • Example l using a shrinkage of 15 to 20 p ;cent, the extensibility may be increased to 17 peigcent.
  • a process for the production of high tenacity threads of cellulose acetate suitable for weaving consisting in heating dry preformed threads of cellulose acetate to a temperature in the range of 210 to 360 centigrade to render them plastic and simultaneously stretching them at least per cent while they are in the dry heated plastic state, whereby the tenacity of the thread is increased to at least two grams per denier and its extensibility correspondingly reduced, and subsequently reheating the dry threads to a temperature within the range of 210 to 360 centigrade to render them plastic and simultaneously permitting the threads to shrink from about l0 per cent to about 20 per cent while they are in the dry heated plastic state, whereby the extensibility of the thread is increased to at least 14 per cent, the plasticity of the thread during both the stretching and the shrinking steps being effected solely by the action of the heat.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
US54624A 1947-11-12 1948-10-15 Production of threads of thermoplastic cellulose derivatives Expired - Lifetime US2584779A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB30085/47A GB633187A (en) 1947-11-12 1947-11-12 Improvements in and relating to the production of threads of thermoplastic cellulosederivatives

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2584779A true US2584779A (en) 1952-02-05

Family

ID=10302019

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US54624A Expired - Lifetime US2584779A (en) 1947-11-12 1948-10-15 Production of threads of thermoplastic cellulose derivatives

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2584779A (en, 2012)
BE (1) BE485558A (en, 2012)
DE (1) DE874630C (en, 2012)
ES (1) ES185838A1 (en, 2012)
FR (1) FR974804A (en, 2012)
GB (1) GB633187A (en, 2012)
NL (1) NL74201C (en, 2012)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2661521A (en) * 1951-07-28 1953-12-08 British Enka Ltd Yarn stretching device
US2766505A (en) * 1951-04-05 1956-10-16 Heberlein Patent Corp Process for improving crinkled synthetic yarn
US2900669A (en) * 1957-03-27 1959-08-25 Du Pont Irreversibly elongatable cellulose triacetate structure and method of making
US2955345A (en) * 1955-08-15 1960-10-11 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Textile element treatment
US2955344A (en) * 1955-08-08 1960-10-11 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Textile element treatment
US2977746A (en) * 1958-06-09 1961-04-04 Deering Milliken Res Corp Apparatus for processing thermoplastic yarns
US3003222A (en) * 1958-11-17 1961-10-10 Du Pont Controlled relaxation of freshly drawn nylon
US3018608A (en) * 1957-05-08 1962-01-30 Glanzstoff Ag Process for the production of lowshrinkage polyethylene terephthalate threads
US3069836A (en) * 1958-08-01 1962-12-25 Du Pont Yarn relaxation process using fluid jets
US3077724A (en) * 1957-09-09 1963-02-19 Leesona Corp Apparatus for processing yarns
US3081510A (en) * 1955-07-08 1963-03-19 Deering Milliken Res Corp Methods and apparatus for processing yarn
US3106442A (en) * 1956-07-17 1963-10-08 Montecantini Societa Generale Method of producing dimensionally stable polypropylene fibers
US3124632A (en) * 1961-04-10 1964-03-10 Phocess for treating nylon
US3382658A (en) * 1965-01-26 1968-05-14 Monsanto Co Apparatus for manufacturing textured filament yarns
WO1989010831A1 (en) * 1988-05-09 1989-11-16 Sussman Martin V Improved method and apparatus for incrementally drawing fibers

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB389823A (en) * 1931-06-18 1933-03-20 British Celanese Improvements in the treatment of artificial filaments and like products
US1921426A (en) * 1928-10-30 1933-08-08 Du Pont Rayon Co Method of treating artificial silk
US2142722A (en) * 1935-02-01 1939-01-03 Celanese Corp Manufacture of cellulose derivative materials
US2143205A (en) * 1933-02-15 1939-01-10 Boehringer & Soehne Gmbh Artificial silk
US2301222A (en) * 1940-08-03 1942-11-10 Henry D Minich Thermostretchable film
US2445042A (en) * 1943-07-28 1948-07-13 Du Pont Method of treating oriented acrylonitrile structures

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1921426A (en) * 1928-10-30 1933-08-08 Du Pont Rayon Co Method of treating artificial silk
GB389823A (en) * 1931-06-18 1933-03-20 British Celanese Improvements in the treatment of artificial filaments and like products
US2143205A (en) * 1933-02-15 1939-01-10 Boehringer & Soehne Gmbh Artificial silk
US2142722A (en) * 1935-02-01 1939-01-03 Celanese Corp Manufacture of cellulose derivative materials
US2301222A (en) * 1940-08-03 1942-11-10 Henry D Minich Thermostretchable film
US2445042A (en) * 1943-07-28 1948-07-13 Du Pont Method of treating oriented acrylonitrile structures

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2766505A (en) * 1951-04-05 1956-10-16 Heberlein Patent Corp Process for improving crinkled synthetic yarn
US2661521A (en) * 1951-07-28 1953-12-08 British Enka Ltd Yarn stretching device
US3081510A (en) * 1955-07-08 1963-03-19 Deering Milliken Res Corp Methods and apparatus for processing yarn
US2955344A (en) * 1955-08-08 1960-10-11 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Textile element treatment
US2955345A (en) * 1955-08-15 1960-10-11 Firestone Tire & Rubber Co Textile element treatment
US3106442A (en) * 1956-07-17 1963-10-08 Montecantini Societa Generale Method of producing dimensionally stable polypropylene fibers
US2900669A (en) * 1957-03-27 1959-08-25 Du Pont Irreversibly elongatable cellulose triacetate structure and method of making
US3018608A (en) * 1957-05-08 1962-01-30 Glanzstoff Ag Process for the production of lowshrinkage polyethylene terephthalate threads
US3077724A (en) * 1957-09-09 1963-02-19 Leesona Corp Apparatus for processing yarns
US2977746A (en) * 1958-06-09 1961-04-04 Deering Milliken Res Corp Apparatus for processing thermoplastic yarns
US3069836A (en) * 1958-08-01 1962-12-25 Du Pont Yarn relaxation process using fluid jets
US3003222A (en) * 1958-11-17 1961-10-10 Du Pont Controlled relaxation of freshly drawn nylon
US3124632A (en) * 1961-04-10 1964-03-10 Phocess for treating nylon
US3382658A (en) * 1965-01-26 1968-05-14 Monsanto Co Apparatus for manufacturing textured filament yarns
WO1989010831A1 (en) * 1988-05-09 1989-11-16 Sussman Martin V Improved method and apparatus for incrementally drawing fibers

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE874630C (de) 1953-04-27
GB633187A (en) 1949-12-12
ES185838A1 (es) 1949-02-01
FR974804A (fr) 1951-02-26
BE485558A (en, 2012) 1900-01-01
NL74201C (en, 2012) 1953-10-15

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