US2548610A - Spinning machine - Google Patents

Description

April 10, 1951 o, LAMBERT I 2,548,610

SPINNING MACHINE Filed Feb. 24, 1947 v 13 Sheets-Sheet 2 1f 1 i a I 21 Hill; l u INVENTOR I) Oswald Lambert,-

ATTORNEYS April 10, 1951 o; LAMBERT I SPINNING MACHINE 3 Sheets-Sheet Z5 Filed Feb. 24, 1947 .swulll Lamber BY ATTORNEYS Patented Apr. 10, 1951 Application February 24, 1947, Serial N 0. 730,454

In Belgium October 4, 1945 7 Claims.

The present invention relates to a spinning machine, in which at least one roving is led from a delivery cylinder to the end of a revolving spindle and is wound on this end against a hollow cone whilst being twisted by means of a thread guide having the shape of an open ring rotatably driven by the hollow cone and having in addition a reciprocating movement in a direction parallel to the axis of the spindle.

Spinning machines of the above type are intended to form cops of thread having a small tractive resistance, such as thread used in the manufacture of blankets, clusters, dish cloths, and the like. In known machines the roving, which has received a preliminary false twist, is wound on to spindles, whilst at the same time the effective twist is imparted to it by mean of a hollow cone in the axis of which thespindle rotates and is displaced axially during the formation of the cop. The hollow cone, open at top is placed in rotation and cooperates with a convex cone which is integral with the spindle and of conical shape adapted to the conicity of they hollow cone. The conicity of these two elements leads to the formation of the nose of the cop and to the pressing of the latter to the top progressively as it is formed.

The output of these machines is limited by the fact that great speeds are not practical. In fact, as the cop, the dimensions of which are necessarily considerable by reason of the required thickness of the thread, is formed by a rising movement, the distance between the cylinder supplying the roving and the hollow cone is relatively large, which permits the formation of a balloon which, unfortunately, cannot be maintained by the weak resistance of the thread beyond a given norm. The revolving spindle in its ascending movement with the cop in course of being formed, is unsupported, which imposes a limit on the speed and size of the cop.

The object of the present invention is to construct a machine of the kind referred to having a large output and capable of operating at a speed which is clearly greater than that of the machines at present in use, whilst at the same time avoiding the formation of the balloon effect.

With this object in view, the machine according to the invention comprises a guide tube the axis of which is coincident with that of the spindle, which revolves without axial displacement independently of the hollow cone, the roving passing from the delivery cylinder into the guide tube, then into the open ring and then passing along the outside of the cone and reaching the above mentioned end of the.- spindle, the. cop being formed by pressing onto the spindle the successive layers of the winding.

On the other hand, for preventing any increase in friction between the cop in formation and the spindle as the length of the cop. increases, the diameter of the surface. of revolution gen.- erated at the periphery oi the rotating. spindledecreases along the. height of the hollow cone from a maximum existing at. the. upper part. ofthe spindle to the spindle body diameter.

In a preferred form of construction, at. least two vanes are provided on the spindle along a length substantially equal to. the height of the hollow cone starting from the above mentioned end of the spindle.

Other features and details of the invention will be apparent from the following description of the accompanying drawings which illustrate, by Way of non-limiting example, a particular constructional form of the invention.

Figs. 1 and 1a, are views in elevation and partly in section of a machine according to the invention. Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view on a larger scale of the control. element of the hollow cone of Fig. 1. Figs. 3 and i are respectively an elevational and side view of the change speed device.

In the different figures similarreference numerals denote similar parts.

The machine illustrated in the drawings. comprises a frame I at the upper part of which is mounted a delivery cylinder 2,, on which acts a pressure roll 3 and which, delivers a roving 4 for forming a cop. A casing 5 of rectangular section is also mounted on the frame land supports a series of hollow cones 6, formed of cylindrical blocks 1 bored interiorly with a conical recess.

Eachv block I is screwed against a shoulder 8 of a guide tube 9, which traverses the casing from one side to the other. A small piece I!) is locked between the block I and the shoulder 8 by screwing said block I on the shoulder 8'. This piece. It is provided with a conical boring H which serves as bearing for a spindle [2 arranged for rotation by a device described hereafter. Three vanes l3 are provided at the upper part of the spindle and extend over a length which is substantially equal to the height of the hollow cone. The transverse dimension of these vanes decreases progressively from the end of the spindle, in such a way that the radius of the surface of revolution generated at-the periphery of the spindle by the rotation of the latter, decreases from a maximum down to that of the remainder of the spindle.

vided in the block i providing for the outlet of a the roving. The two slits are disposed in alignment and maintained by a locking screw 48. The roving is then led to a guide groove 2 I, after having passed through a hook 22 mounted on a ring 23, to which is imparted a reciprocating movement parallel to the axis of the spindle (Fig. 1). To this end'the ring is supported by a bracket 2 mounted on a post 25, which has a reciprocating movement given by a cable 27 mounted on an oscillating pulley 28. The ring 23 is engaged by a spur 29 in the groove 2i (Figs. 1-2) in such a way that this ring shares the movement of rotation. of the hollow cone 6. The rotation of this latter is produced by a helical gear 3! mounted on a shaft 34 and engaging with gearing 32 also helical, provided on a sleeve 49, keyed at 50 on the guide tube 9.

A distance piece 51, screwed at 52 in the casing 5, provided for mounting the different parts. A ball bearing 53 is interposed between the part and the guide tube 9. The shaft 34 is common to all the gears 3| mounted in the casing.

The spindle I2 is placed in rotation near its end opposite the boring H by the device illustrated in Fig. la and housed in a casing 63. This device comprises a sleeve 54 similar to the sleeve 49 and having a helical gear 55 engaging with a helical pinion 56 mounted on a shaft 51. The sleeve 54 drives the spindle through the intermediary of a key 58 engaging in a groove 55) in the spindle l2. A plug 60 provided with a skirt 61 covering the upper part of the sleeve 54, is provided where the spindle l2 emerges from the spindle-carrying casing 63 and prevents any penetration to the spindle of oil contained in the casing. A second fixed sleeve 62 is threaded on the spindle and keyed to the bottom of the casing 63. A distance piece 64 is interposed between the casing and a ball bearing 65 provided between the sleeves 54 and 62. The sleeve 54 has an extension piece 66 which is likewise provided in order to avoid penetration of oilto the spindle.

The lower part of the spindle rests in a thrust bearing 61, provided in a bracket '58 and pivoted at 69 to a lever "ill, the lower arm H of which is pressed back by a spring 12 hearing on the bracket. The upper arm of the lever It! may be hooked by a projection 13 on the casing 63. The spindle is thus held in its operative position, that is to say in the position required for the formation of the cop. In this position,- the end of the spindle opposite to the end resting in the bearing 61, is engaged in the boring H of the block 10. A lip 14 provided on the lever provides for releasing the projection 13 from the casing 63 and for lowering the correspondin bracket 58 at the same time as the spindle l2.

lifting bar [5 is suspended to one or more cables 16; the bracket 68 when in lowered position rests on this bar 15, which permits of lifting said bracket 68 on lifting said bar by means of the cable '16. The cable 16 passes over a pulley 'i'i mounted on a shaft 91 (Fig. 1a) and is connected at 8 to a pedal 19 pivoted at 80.

It results from the foregoing that a traction exerted on the lip l4 permits of lowering the spindle, whilst by lowering the end of the pedal E9, the lowered spindle is lifted. Further, bar 8! is provided with a projection 82 which, when said bar 8| rotates on an axis, repulses the lever ill thus allowing all the spindles to be lowered. When all the spindles are lowered the casing 53 can be caused to pivot in the direction of the arrow 83 (Fig. la). In this way the spindle which is released from the hollow cone may be easily relieved of the completed cop. In order to provide for the pivotal movement of the casing 63, the latter is hooked in N10 to a lever as which carries a projection 85 engaged in a corresponding recess 86 in a pivoting arm 81. A spring 88 tends constantly to return the arm Bl to the projection 85. In order to cause the casing 63 to pivot, the arm 8'! is lifted to disengage the projection 85 whereupon there is nothing to oppose the pivoting of the casing around a shaft 89. In order to lift the casing the lever 84 is operated, lifting at the same time the arm 8'i in order to permit the projection 55 to penetrate again into the hollow 86 and thus to provide for holding this casing.

After having traversed the hook 22, which provides for the necessary twist of the roving 4, this latter again enters the hollow cone 6 through the groove 2! and is wound onto the end of the spindle l2 placed in rotation by the above described device. The cop starts to form on the vanes l3 so that when, at the end of a given number of to and fro movements of the hook 22, the cop is urged towards the end of the spindle opposite to that which pivots in the boring Ii, this cop is disposed on a part of the spindle having an external diameter which is less than the internal diameter of the cop. This renders the friction negligible and, on extension of the cop, prevents any increase in friction, producing breakages of the roving.

' A part 38; in the form of a disc, slides frictionally on the spindle l2 and may be placed against the cop which is being formed, on the hollow cone 6, in order to brake the displacement of the cop on the spindle.

During the initial formation of the cop the roving is wound along a profile comprised between the generatrix of the hollow cone and that of the surface of revolution generated by the exterior edge of the vanes.

The twist of the roving depends on the speed of rotation of the spindle, on that of the hollow cone and on the length of roving wound on the spindle during one winding revolution. This latter length varies when starting the formation of the cop, that is to say whilst the winding profile is not merged in with the generatrix of the hollow cone. In order to maintain the twist substantially constant during this period, it is therefore necessary to modify, in consequence, either the speed of'the spindle, or that of the cone. In the constructional form illustrated provision is made for increasing the speed of rotation of the latter, at the same time as that of the delivery cylinder 2, but the device described might be applied, without modifications, to the control of the speed of the spindle. During the period in suestion the speed of the delivery cylinder must be reduced, since the length of roving wound during one to and fro movement of the hook, i. e. in a given time, is smaller than when the winding profile is normal. The variation in speed of the cone is obtained by acting on a change speed device inserted between the control of the gears 3!, that is of the shaft 34 on which they are mounted, and the motor. To this end there is provided a link 35 driven by the delivery cylinder 2 as hereinafter described and carrying a crank pin 35, displaceable in a slide 3'5 of a lever 38, which has therefore an oscillatory movement, around a spindle 39 mounted as an axial extension of a spindle 48 carrying a ratchet wheel l (Figs. 3 and 4). The lever 38 is operatively connected to a pawl Q2 which engages in the teeth of the ratchet wheel. The spindle All of this latter controls, for example, the displacement of a belt I92 on conical pullies, if the speed change device used is of this type. On each revolution of the delivery cylinder, the pawl describes a certain angle and causes the ratchet wheel to turn through a corresponding angle, then it moves backwards, sliding over the teeth of this Wheel, and the cycle starts again. It results from this that the speed of the hollow cone increases by a certain amount on each revolution of the delivery cylinder. The variation in speed i not continuous, since, during the return movement of the pawl, this variation is zero, but the solution adopted is perfectly satisfactory in the present case. In order to regulate the displacement of the pawl per revolution of the delivery cylinder, the link 35'carries a crank pin 45 engaging in a groove 46 of a plate ll keyed to the shaft of the delivery cylinder. the crank pin 65 in the groove #56, the desired regulation is obtained.

As soon as the period of formation of the starting of the cop is completed, that is to say as soon as the winding profile coincides with the generatrix of the hollow cone, the normal operating speed of the hollow cone is attained. The pawl is then automatically placed out or" service. To this end, a part 9| surrounds the shaft 45 and carries a pin 92 engaging in the teeth of the ratchet Wheel M which permits of keying the part 9| in relation to this wheel, in a predetermined angular position.

This position is selected in such a way that, when the normal operating speed is attained, which corresponds to a given angle of rotation of the ratchet wheel ii, an interposed part formed by a flange 93 on the part 9| is inserted between the teeth and the pawl 42. This latter turns around a pivot is and is then placed automatically out of service.

There is also provided a cable 33 which provides for turning the pawl around the pivot 44, when desired. The pin 52 provides for regulating the moment of release of the pawl, whence, all other conditions remaining unchanged, the normal speed of the hollow cone.

It is to be understood that the invention is in no way limited to the constructional form above described and that many modifications may be made, in particular to the shape, the construction, the number and the arrangement of the parts involved in its construction without departing from the scope of the present application for patent, on condition that these changes fall within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A spinning machine, comprising a delivery cylinder, a downwardly enlarged hollow cone,

By displacing 9 means rotating said cone, a spindle, a conical portion on said spindle, the transverse dimension of said conical portion decreasing along the length of said hollow cone progressively from the upper end of the spindle from a maximum down to the spindle body diameter, means for rotating said spindle without axial displacement independently of said hollow cone, a guide tube having its axis coinciding with that of said spindle, a thread guide, means for rotatably driving said guide by said cone, and means imparting to said guide an up and down movement parallel to the axis of said spindle.

2. A spinning machine, comprising a delivery cylinder, a downwardly enlarged hollow cone, means rotating said cone, a spindle provided with vanes of which the overall transverse dimension decreases along the length of said hollow cone progressively from the upper end of the spindle from a maximum down to that of the spindle body diameter, means for rotating said spindle without axial displacement independently of said hollow cone, a guide tube having its axis coinciding with that of said spindle, a thread guide, means for rotatably driving said guide by said cone, and means imparting to said guide an up and down movement parallel to the axis of said spindle.

3. A spinning machine, comprising a delivery cylinder, a hollow downwardly enlarged cone, means rotating said cone, a spindle, means rotating said spindle without axial displacement independently of said hollow cone, a guide tube having its axis coinciding with that of said spindle, a thread guide, means for rotatably driving said guide by said cone, means giving to said guide an up and down movement parallel to the axis of said spindle, a change speed device controlling the rotation of said hollow cone, and providing for increasing the speed of rotation of said cone at the starting period of the winding, an element actuated by said delivery cylinder for controlling said change speed device, and means for placin out of action said element when the speed of rotation of said hollow cone is substantially equal to its normal operating speed.

4. A spinning machine comprising a delivery cylinder, a hollow downwardly enlarged cone, means rotating said cone, a spindle, means for rotating said spindle without axial displacement independently of said hollow cone, a guide tube having its axis coinciding with that of said spindle, a thread guide, means for rotatably driving said guide by said cone, means giving to said guide an up and down movement parallel to the axis of said spindle, a change speed device controlling the rotation of said hollow cone, and increasing the speed of rotation of said cone at the starting period of the winding, means for reducing the speed of said delivery cylinder during said starting period of the winding, an element actuated by said delivery cylinder for controlling said change speed device, and means for placing out of action said element when the speed of rotation of said hollow cone is substantially equal to its normal operating speed.

5. A spinnin machine, comprising a delivery cylinder, a hollow downwardly enlarged cone, means rotating said cone, a spindle, means for rotating said spindle Without axial displacement independently of said hollow cone, a guide tube having its axis coinciding with that of said spindle, a thread guide, means for rotatably driving said guide by said cone, means impart.

ing to said guide an up and down movement parallel to the axis of said spindle, a change speed device controlling the rotation of said hollow cone, means for controlling said change speed device, said controlling means comprising a ratchet wheel, a pawl engaging with said ratchet wheel, a rod for oscillating said pawl, and a crank joined to said rod and rotatin with said delivery cylinder.

6. A spinning machine comprising a delivery cylinder, a hollow downwardly enlarged cone, means rotating said cone, a spindle, means rotating said spindle without axial displacement independently of said hollow cone, a guide tube havin its axis coinciding with that of said spindle, a thread guide, means for rotatably driving said guide by said cone, means imparting to said guide an up and down movement parallel to the axis of said spindle, a change speed device controllin the rotation of said hollow cone, means for controlling said change speed device, said controlling means comprising a ratchet wheel, a pawl engaging with said ratchet wheel, a pivot on which said pawl is mounted, a rod for oscillatin said pawl, a crank joined to said rod and rotating with said delivery cylinder, and means for placing out of action said controlling means when the speed of rotation is substantially equal to its normal operating speed, said last named means being constituted by an interposed part inserted between said pawl and said ratchet wheel, said part being fixed on said wheel in a predetermined angular position, selected in such a way that said part brings said pawl out of operation at the time when said wheel has itself reached the angular position corresponding to the normal operating speed.

7. A spinning machine comprising a delivery cylinder, a hollow downwardly enlarged cone, means rotatin said cone, a spindle, means to rotate said spindle without axial displacement independently of said hollow cone, a guide tube 8 having its axis coinciding with that of said spindle, a thread guide, means for rotatably driving said guide by said cone, means imparting to said guide an up and down movement parallel to the axis of said spindle, a change speed device controlling the rotation of said spindle, means for controlling said change speed device, said controlling means comprisin a ratchet wheel, a pawl engaging with said ratchet wheel, a pivot on which said pawl is mounted, a rod for oscillating said pawl, a crank joined to said rod and rotating with said delivery cylinder, and means for placin out of action said controlling means when the speed of rotation is substantially equal to its normal operating speed, said last named means being constituted by an interposed part inserted between said pawl and said ratchet wheel, said part being fixed on said wheel in a predetermined angular position, selected in such a way that said part brings said pawl out of operation at the time when said wheel has itself reached the angular position corresponding to the normal operating speed.

0. LAMBERT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 378,288 Chapon Feb, 21, 1888 755,153 Moncriefi Mar. 22, 1904 776,129 Foulds Nov. 29, 1904 1,639,406 Hartley Aug. 16, 1927 2,043,607 Dawes June 9, 1936 2,175,108 Casablancas Oct. 3, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 3,635 Great Britain of 1887

Images