US3117409A

US3117409A - Method and apparatus for spinning frame

Info

Publication number: US3117409A
Application number: US74176A
Authority: US
Inventors: Shino Masakazu
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1960-12-06
Filing date: 1960-12-06
Publication date: 1964-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 1981-01-14

Description

Jan. 14, 1964 MASAKAZU sumo METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SPINNING FRAME 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 6, 1960 INVENTOR. MASAKAZU SHINO A'ITORNEYS Jan. 14, 1964 MASAKAZU SHINO METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SPINNING FRAME Filed Dec. 6, 1960 5 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 labor and with its consequent costs is required.

United States Patent 0 3,117,4s9 ivnsrnon AND APPARATUS non srnvrsnso FRAME Masalsazu Shine, 1, 346 lianchi Higashi Z-chome, Yainatotalrada-shi, Nara-ken, .lapan Filed Dec. 6, 1%9, Ser- No. 74,11 6 4 Claims. (ill. 57-67} This invention relates to a method, and apparatus for manufacturing yarn or roving from roving or sliver respectively by means of a special type of rotating pipe instead of the ring and traveller in a ring spinning frame and by means of a novel structure of a spindle which permits relative rotation of the spindle shaft and a bobbin mounted thereon. This pipe through which roving or sliver passes by the action of blowing air therein rotates about the axis of the spindle and bobbin on which the resulting yarn is wound automatically.

In a ring spinning frame, there is a certain limitation to the speed of a traveller travelling along the flange of a ring and imperfect yarn is often produced because of the existence of friction between the ring and traveller. Moreover on breaking of the roving a skilled operative is necessary to link the broken roving, and therefore much It may fairly be said that these have prevented full automation in the spinning industry.

Another difficulty in a spinning frame is that the rotating speed of a bobbin would vary with instantaneous variance of the velocity, twisting conditions or thickness of the running yarn, or other complicated variance between the yarn and bobbin. A usual bobbin or spindle does not have a function such as is described above. A further disadvantage of a usual spindle is a shaking action of the bobbin about the axis thereof which causes breaking of yarn.

The pot spinning frame has recently been used to overcome these disadvantages. But this frame has other disadvantages in that when the frame stops by accident such as when there an electric failure the roving remaining in the pot will be lost material.

To overcome these disadvantages l have provided a novel type of spinning frame which does not use a ri and traveller.

An object of the invention is to provide a method of spinning in which it is unnecessary to link broken yarn and thus labor costs and skilled labor are saved.

Another object of this invention is to provide a method of spinning without. producing any loss of roving or sliver even because of an electric failure as experienced in the pot spinning frame and without causing inconvenience and loss of time such as is lost when li hing the broken yarn and exchanging a bobbin of the pot frame.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spinning frame which does not have consumable parts such as th ring and traveller.

Further object of the invention is to provide a spinning frame having a roving or sliver fCE-J pipe which rotates about the bobbin at high speed and which is not affected by the friction caused between the ring and traveller.

Further object of the invention is to provide a spinning frame having a special spindle which may rotate at a suitable speed responsive to the rotation speed of the spinning cylinder provided with the pipe and to the run- SANA-dd Fatented Jan. 14, 19%4 ning speed of the yarn and which does not cause the shaking action having a tendency to cause breaking of yarn.

Other objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

A preferred embodiment of the invention selected for purpose of illustration is shown in the accompanying drawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal section of a device which comprises a spinning cylinder, a bobbin and a spindle according to the invention,

FIG. 2 is a central section of a duplex spindle according to the invention,

FIG. 3 shows a cross section of the lower portion of the spinning cylinder and a side view of the spindle and bobbin,

PEG. 4 is a side view of a transmission device for rotation of the bobbin, and

FIG. 5 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating the manner in which the end of the roving is wound around the spindle.

Referring now to the drawings for a better understanding of the invention, roving or sliver b passes through a front roller a of a drafting device (incompletely shown) and is fed into a roving or sliver teed pipe d. An upper port or opening e is fixed to the upper end of the feed pipe d. An air blowing nozzle 0 extends into the upper opening e. Above the opening e is positioned the front roller a.

A supporting am 7 for the pipe d has two branches, the end of which is provided with a bearing case g in which the pipe at is held so as to rotate at a definite angle to a vertical line. A pulley h is fixed to the pipe d which is driven by an external source of power through a belt (not shown) and other transmission devices.

The pipe d comprises an upper straight axial portion, an outwardly bent middle portion k and a lower straight portion 1 extending parallel to the axis of the pipe d and which is in contact with the inner surface of the spinning cylinder j. The cylinder j is coaxial with the upper portion of the pipe d and fixed to the pipe 0. through a flange positioned just above the outwardly bent middle portion k. The lower portion 1 of the pipe at is fixed to the inner surface of the cylinder 1'. The lowest end In of the pipe I is smoothly outwardly flared. A paper conical bobbin 1: is positioned on the spindle p and is reciprocable along the axis of the cylinder while rotating about its axis.

As best shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 2, spindl shaft l is fixed to a pulley 2. The top of th shaft 1 is conical in shape. An outer conical shell 5 of the spindle has an inner top recess 6 resting on the top 3 of the shaft 1 to suspend the shell on the spindle. The inner wall '7 of the shell 5 bears on two bearings 4- which are slidable on the outer surface of the shaft. A paper bobbin n is placed over the shell 5.

As best shown in FIG. 4, rotation of a pulley it) is transmitted through a belt 9 to the pulley 2. A pair of conical pulleys 11 and 12 can be mounted on the shaft of the pulley it? and a shaft 21 respectively, and may be connected by a belt 12. A pair of threaded rods 14 and 15' are rotated by sprockets 1'7 and 18 respectively for raisin and lowering of the belt 13.

Transmission of rotation from the sprocket 17 to 18 is accomplished by a chain 3.6. The upper extension of the threaded rod 14 is provided with a pinion 19 which 3 engages with rack 20. The rack 20 is adapted to move transversely in accordance with up and down motion of the spindle rail. The shaft 21 is connected with a power source (not shown).

As best shown in PEG. 3, the spinning cylinder 22 is provided with the feed pipe 23 on the inner surface of the cylinder. The roving passing through the lower opening of the pipe 23 will be attracted towards the opening of a suction pipe 25, the other end of which is equipped with a suction pump (not shown). A separator as is positioned between the neighboring bobbins to prevent the neighboring rovings from becoming entangled.

in operation, roving or sliver passing through the front roller a will be fed into the upper opening e of the feed pipe d by means of blowing air from the nozzle 0.

Thus the roving is automatically fed at the beginning of the operation and also when the roving breaks. Then the roving passes through the upper portion d of the pipe, outwardly bent portion k and lower portion 1 and passes out through the outlet or lower opening m. The end of the roving b which passes out through the end in is drawn toward the opening of the suction pipe 25. However, the roving is not drawn into the pipe 25, because the pipe 1 moves around the spindle it through the successive positions b b b b as the roving is payed out, as shown in FIG. 5. The reduced pressure in the area of the spindle n draws the roving toward the spindle, in addition to the positive action of the end of the tube l in winding the roving around the spindle. Thus, the suction pipe 25 performs a holding function as well as a cleaning function.

With respect to the action of the air pressure drawing the yarn toward the bobbin, it will be appreciated that the spinning shell i will cause the air within it to be urged outwardly toward the interior surface of the shell, thereby creating a reduced pressure zone adjacent the spindle. Air will therefore flow toward the spindle below the bottom of the shell j and will flow upwardly along the spindle. Because of the law of conservation of mo mentum, this how will be at a greater speed than the downward flow of air along the interior surface of the shell 1'. When roving passes through the pipe d and is wound on the bobbin, twisting and other spinning operations are given to the roving. During these operations friction is not caused, as is the case in the ring spinning frame, and smooth spinning operations result and produce excellent yarn with uniform quality. The rotating speed of the pipe of can be from 13,000l8,000 r.p.m. because the resistance of air against the outwardly bent and lower portions k and l of the pipe (1 alomst disappear due to the cylinder j covering the pipe (I. On breaking of yarn the spinning operation can continue without any manual steps being taken to link the yarns because the suction device for the yarn is provided. No skilled operative will be necessary, resulting in much reduction of labor. If exchange of the bobbin could automatically be carried out by attachment of a suitable device to lower or to incline the spindle p, fuil automation will be possible with less operatives for this frame, and manipulation will be unnecessary until the roving or sliver source is fully spent. It is another advantage of the apparatus of this invention that consumable parts such as the ring and traveller are not required and accordingly costs for maintenance of the machine will be reduced. It is another advantage compared with the pot spinning frame that whenever a machine stops by accident, no loss of roving will be produced and no labor will be necessary for linking broken roving.

For collecting yarn 24 on the bobbin rr, the spindie p is raised and lowered in a copping motion, according to movement of the spindle rail while the spindle p is driven through the pulley 2, the belt 9, the pulley and the conical pulley 11 by means of the motor shaft 21. The peripheral velocity of a rotating conical bobbin is higher a i s lOWer portion than at its higher portion owing to its conical shape if the rotation of the spindle per unit time is constant. To keep the peripheral velocity constant, the rotation of the spindle per unit time must vary with a position where yarn is wound on the bobbin during the copping motion. To do this, the conical pulleys 11 and 12 are used in this invention.

During the raising and lowering motion of the spindle rail the rack 2-0 moves transversely whereby the pinion 19 rotates and accordingly the pair of threaded rods 14 and 15 also rotate. This rotation causes raising and lowering of the belt 13 which changes the rotation ratio between the pulley 11 and the pulley 12. The regular variation in the bobbin rotation speed is controlled as mentioned above.

There is another irregular variation in tension of yarn, which is caused by variations in twisting numbers, and thickness of the yarn. To make the bobbin rotate at a different speed from that of the spindle shaft 1 it is ccessary for the spindle to be adapted to the above delicate variation of yarn. For this purpose the shell 5 is slidably mounted on the spindle 1 by the bearings 4 and is suspended on the shaft 1 at its extreme upper end 3 in the recess 6 of the shell 5. Therefore the shell 5 and accordingly the bobbin n can rotate relative to rotation of the spindle shaft 1 when variation of yarn tension occurs. This independent rotation of the bobbin and the spindle can prevent breaking of yarn. The suspension mechanism of the shell Son the shaft 1 prevents shaking action of the bobbin and accordingly prevents breaking of yarn.

While I have shown by invention in but one form, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that it is not so limited but is susceptible of various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit thereof, and I desire, therefore, that only such limitations shall be placed thereupon as are specailly set forth in the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. An automatic spinning frame comprising a spinning pipe, the upper opening of which is adapted to be positioned under a front roller of a drafting device and to receive a sliver or roving through said opening, said pipe having an upper portion extending downwardly, bending outwardly in its middle portion and then having a lower portion extending in a direction parallel to the upper portion of the pipe, a rotating spinning cylinder covering the lower portion of the pipe, the upper portion of the said pipe and said cylinder being coaxial with the axis of rotation of the spinning cylinder, pipe and spinning cylinder rotating means coupled to said pipe and spinning cylinder for rotating them at one speed, and a reciprocating spindle projecting upwardly within said spinning cylinder and terminating at a point spaced from the inner end of said spinning cylinder and rotatable about the axis of rotation of the spinning cylinder, and spindle rotating means connected to said spindle for rotating said spindle at a second speed diiferent from the one speed, and suction means near the lower opening of the pipe and outside of the spindle to hold the end of yarn or roving.

2. An automatic spinning frame as claimed in claim 1 in which said spindie comprises an outer shell member, a spindle shaft having an upper end on which said shell member is supported and suspended, and at least one bearing between said shell and the spindle shaft and having parts secured to both the spindle shaft and said shell preventing relative axial movement between said shell and said spindle shaft, whereby said shell is able to change its rotation s eed relative to the spindle shaft in accordance with variations in the tension of yarn or roving being wound and without relative axial movement of the spindle shaft and the shell due to the relatively rotatable connection of the covering shell with said spindle shaft.

3. An automatic spinning frame as claimed in claim 1 wherein a separator is provided above the opening of the suction means for separating spindles on opposite sides of the suction means.

4, A method of spinning a sliver or roving, comprising blowing the leading end of the sliver or roving into a closed path, conducting the sliver or roving along an upper portion of the path along an axis of rotation, conducting the sliver or roving along a middle portion of the path curving outwardly of the axis of rotation, and conducting the sliver or roving along a lower portion of the path parallel to the axis of rotation, rotation a spinning cylinder around the axis of rotation and said path, said blowing being from the upper end of the path, exerting a suction on the leading end of the sliver or roving so as to hold it in a fixed position and simultaneously rotating the sliver or roving extending along the path around the axis of rotation at a first speed, and rotating a spindle within the spinning cylinder and on said axis of rotation at a second speed for producing a low pressure area around the spindle to draw the sliver or roving from the lower end of the path toward and around the spindle.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 401,703 Hogg et al Apr' 16, 1889 1,168,927 Bibby Jan. 18, 1916 2,290,929 Whitehead July 28, 1942 2,446,097 Nelson July 27,- 1948 2,548,610 Lambert Apr. 10, 1951 2,786,637 Russell et al Mar. 26, 1957 2,955,409 Speakrnan Oct. 11, 1960 FOREIGN PATENTS 671,923 Great Britain May 14, 1952 345,280 Switzerland Apr. 29, 1960

Claims

1. AN AUTOMATIC SPINNING FRAME COMPRISING A SPINNING PIPE, THE UPPER OPENING OF WHICH IS ADAPTED TO BE POSITIONED UNDER A FRONT ROLLER OF A DRAFTING DEVICE AND TO RECEIVE A SLIVER OR ROVING THROUGH SAID OPENING, SAID PIPE HAVING AN UPPER PORTION EXTENDING DOWNWARDLY, BENDING OUTWARDLY IN ITS MIDDLE PORTION AND THEN HAVING A LOWER PORTION EXTENDING IN A DIRECTION PARALLEL TO THE UPPER PORTION OF THE PIPE, A ROTATING SPINNING CYLINDER COVERING THE LOWER PORTION OF THE PIPE, THE UPPER PORTION OF THE SAID PIPE AND SAID CYLINDER BEING COXIAL WITH THE AXIS OF ROTATION OF THE SPINNING CYLINDER, PIPE AND SPINNING CYLINDER ROTATING MEANS COUPLED TO SAID PIPE AND SPINNING CYLINDER FOR ROTATING THEM AT ONE SPEED, AND A RECIPROCATING SPINDLE PROJECTING UPWARDLY WITHIN SAID SPINNING CYLINDER AND TERMINATING AT A POINT SPACED FROM THE INNER END OF SAID SPINNING CYLINDER AND ROTATABLE ABOUT THE AXIS OF ROTATION OF THE SPINNING CYLINDER, AND SPINDLE ROTATING MEANS CONNECTED TO SAID SPINDLE FOR ROTATING SAID SPINDLE AT A SECOND SPEED DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE SPEED, AND SUCTION MEANS NEAR THE LOWER OPENING OF THE PIPE AND OUTSIDE OF THE SPINDLE TO HOLD THE END OF YARN OR ROVING.