US2527086A

US2527086A - Lock

Info

Publication number: US2527086A
Application number: US703327A
Authority: US
Inventors: Gunnar E Swanson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1946-10-15
Filing date: 1946-10-15
Publication date: 1950-10-24
Anticipated expiration: 1967-10-24

Description

Oct. 24, 1950 G. E. swANsoN 2,527,036

Lock

Filed oct. 1K5, 194e .s sneek-sheet 1 ggg-wa 20 I4 2?- BY Afa oct. 24, 1950 G. E. SWANSQN 2,527,086

Locx

Filed ont. 15, 194e v s sheets-sheet 2 umu Y G. E. SWANSON LOCK 3 ShetsfSheet 5 Filed Oct. 15, 1946 IN V EN TOR.

Patented Oct. 24, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LOCK `(runnar E. Swanson, New Britain, Conn.

Application October 15, 1946, Serial No. 703,327

(Cl. Y-38) 18 Claims.

The invention may be embodied in locks of various types, but as to some of its aspects'the invention is more particularly applicable to padlocks.

It has been the usual prior practice to retain various portions of a lock within the casing thereof by means of screws or pins inserted through holes formed in the casing. This has not only been expensive, but in most locks it has involved the exterior exposure of the end of the screw or pin with a resultant unsightly appearance and with the possibility of unauthorized removal of the screw or pin. Furthermore, the insertion of a screw or pin through an exterior hole makes it impossible to complete the plating and finishing of the exterior of the lock casing prior to assembly.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an improved means for eliminating any screw or pin exposed at the exterior surface of the casing and used for retaining interior parts in assembled positions. This precludes unauthorized disassembly and makes it possible to complete the plating and finishing of the exposed areas of the casing prior to the assembly of the interior parts. This object of the invention is attained by providing one of the portions of a lock, ordinarily the casing, with an integral bendable lug, this lug being bent after initial assembly to a position in which disassembly is prevented.

A further and more specific object of the invention is to provide a padlock having bendable lugs as above set forth, such lugs being particularly advantageous in a padlock as will hereinafter be fully explained.

A further object of the invention is to provide padlocks incorporating the bendable lugs and having certain other advantageous features.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the drawings and from the following specification and claims.

In the drawings have shown in detail several embodiments of the invention and several ways of practicing the method of the invention, but it 'will be understood that various changes may be made from the constructions and method steps shown, and that the drawings are not to be construed as defining or limiting the scope of the invention, the claims forming a part of this specication being relied upon for that purpose.

Of the drawings,

Fig. 1 is an outer end view of the casing of a lock embodying the invention, this view showing the casing prior to the assembly of other parts 2 therewith and prior to the bending of certain bendable lugs.

Fig. 2 is alongitudinal sectional view taken along the line 2 2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an inner end View.

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line 4 4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional new taken along the line 5 5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional View taken along the line 6 6 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view also taken along the line 6 5 of Fig. 2 but looking in the opposite direction.

Fig. 8 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line 8 8 of Fig. 9 and showing an assembled lock embodying the invention, the parts being in locking positions.

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional View take along the line 9 9 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional View taken along the line {D I ofvFig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 8 and taken along the'line Il ll of Fig. 12, the parts being in unlocking positions.

Fig. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view taken chiefly along the line |2 |2 of Fig. 13 but with the central portion thereof taken along the line I221 l2a of Fig. 13.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary transverse sectional View taken along the line 13 13 of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary transverse sectional vieu/'taken along the line M lli of Fig. 15.

Fig. 15 is -a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line |5-l5 of Fig. 9 and along the line |5-l 5 of Fig. 16.

Fig. 16 is a transverse sectional View taken along the line iB l of Fig. 15.

Fig. 17 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view of an alternative lock embodying the in vention, this View being taken along the line I'.' l'l of Fig. 19 and showing the parts in locking positions. v

Fig. 18 is a longitudinal view in which the casing is shown in section along the line I3 !8 of Fig. 17 and in which the other parts are shown in elevation.

Fig. 19 is a view similar to Fig. 18 but with additional parts shown in section.

Fig. 20 is a View similar to Fig. 17 but showing the parts in unlocking positions, this view being taken along the line 9 29 of Fig. 23.

Fig. 2l is aira'gmentary transverse sectional View taken valong the Aline 2 I Zl of Fig. 23.

Fig. 22 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken along the line 22-22 of Fig. 23.

Fig. 23 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line 23-23 of Fig. 20.

Fig. 24 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view of -another alternative lock embodying the invention, this View being taken along the line 24-24 of Fig. 26 and showing the parts in locking positions.

Fig. 25 is a longitudinal view in which the casing is shown in section along the line 25-25 of Fig. 24 and in which the other parts are shown in elevation.

Fig. 26 is a view similar to Fig. 25 but with additional parts shown in section.

Fig. 27 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken along the line 21--21 of Fig. 30.

Fig. 28 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line 28-28 of Fig. 30.

Fig. 29 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken along the line 29-29 of Fig. 30.

Fig. 30 is a longitudinal sectional View taken along the line 30--30 of Fig. 25 and along the line 311-30 of Fig. 29.

Fig. 31 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view similar to Fig. 27 and taken along the line 3I-3I of Fig. 34, this view showing the parts in unlocking positions.

Fig. 32 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view similar to Fig. 28 and taken along the line 32-32 of Fig. 34.

Fig. 33 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view similar to Fig. 29 and taken along the line 33-33 of Fig. 34.

Fig. 34 is a longitudinal sectional view similar to Fig. 30 but showing the parts in unlocking positions, this view being taken along the line 34- 34 of Fig. 33. A

Fig. 35 is a transversel sectional view taken along the line 35-35 of Fig. 37 and showing another alternative lock embodying the invention, the bendable lugs being in their initial positions.

Fig. 36 is a view similar to Fig. 35 but showing the bendable lugs in their final positions.

Fig. 37 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line 31--31 of Fig. 36.

Fig. 38 is a transverse sectional view through another lock embodying the invention, this section being taken along the line 38-38 of Fig. 39.

Fig. 39 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line 3.9-39 of Fig. 38.

Fig. 40 is a longitudinal sectional View taken along the line 49-'40 of Fig. 38.

Fig. 41 is a longitudinal sectional view through another lock embodying the invention.

Fig. 42 is an end view of another lock embodying the invention, this view showing the bendable lug in its initial position.

Fig. 43 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectional view taken along the line 43-43 of Fig. 42.

Fig. 44 is a view similar to Fig. 43 but showing the bendable lug in its nal position.

Fig. 45 is an end view of another lock ernbodying the invention, this view showing the bendable lug in its initial position.

Fig. 46 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the line 46-46 of Fig. 45.

Fig. 47 is a view similar to Fig. 46 but showing the bendable lug in its nal position.

Figs. 1 to 16 show a padlock incorporating the invention, but the invention as to some of its aspects is not limited to a lock of this particular type. The lock shown in Figs. 1 to 16 is in some respects similar to that shown in my patent for Locking and Unlocking Mechanism for Cylindrical Locks, No. 2,444,542, dated July 6, 1948. In the lock as shown, IIJ is the main body or casing, this being shown in Figs. l to 7 in the form in which it is originally made prior to the assembly of the other lock elements therewith. The casing I0 as shown may advantageously be a unitary one-piece die casting.

The casing I0 is provided with an opening o1' hole I2 open at the inner end and closed at the outer end, this opening or hole being yadapted for receiving the hinge leg of the U-shaped shackle of the padlock. The casing I0 is also provided with a generally cylindrical recess or opening I4 adapted for receiving the cylinder of the lock. The casing is further provided with a hole I6 which partly intersects the opening I4 and which is adapted for receiving the locking leg of the shackle.

Adjacent the opening or hole I2 the casing I5 is provided with a bendable lug I8. This lug may be integral with the main body of the casing and as shown it is positioned between the opening or hole I2 and a diagonal hole 20 which communicates with the opening I4. There is also provided a lug 22 at the intersection between the hole 20 and the opening I4, and a notch 24 is provided at one side of the lug 22 as more clearly shown in Fig. 6. The casing is also provided with a bendable lug 26 which is initially adjacent the opening I4 and in the inner portion of the hole I6. The lug 2B may also be integral with the main body of the casing. The generally cylindrical opening I4 is provided at its outer end with a countersink 28. Formed in the opening I 4 is a longitudinal groove 30 adapted to receive the tumblers of the cylinder when the cylinder is in locking position. The opening I4 is further provided with

longitudinal grooves

32 and 34 adapted to receive the tumblers of the cylinder when in unlocking position. As viewed in Fig. 1, the groove 32 has an inclined or beveled side at the top and the groove 34 has an inclined or beveled side at the bottom.

It will be understood that the entire casing, including the described openings, holes, grooves and lugs, may advantageously be initially formed by die casting, Figs. 1 to 7 showing the said casing as it appears as the result of the die casting operation.

In assembling the lock, a U-shaped shackle 36 is first put in place, as shown in Figure 9, with the hinge leg thereof entering in the opening or hole I2. The hinge leg of the shackle is sometimes hereinafter referred to as a lock structure. A shackle spring 31 of conventional form is provided between the end of the shackle leg and the bottom of the opening or hole I2. The hinge leg of the shackle is provided with an annular recess providing an annular shoulder 38. After the shackle is in place, a suitable tool, not shown, is inserted through the hole 20 to bend the lug upwardly into the opening or hole I2 and into the recess in the hinge portion of the shackle, the lug after bending occupying the position shown in Figs. 9 and l0. With the lug I8 bent as described, it is in position to engage the shoulder 38 and to prevent removal of the shackle. The relationship of the parts is such that the shackle can be moved endwise suiciently to effect locking and unlocking as hereinafter described. It Will be seen that the provision of the bendable lug I8 avoids the necessity for providing any subsequently inserted element, such as a screw or pin, for holding the shackle and it avoids the necessity for providing any separate hole extending to the outside of the casing for receiving such a subsequently inserted element.

After the shackle has been put in place and after the lug I8 has been bent as described, a cylinder 40 is inserted in the cylinder opening i4. The cylinder has an annular flange 42 which enters the countersink 28. The cylinderisso'metimes hereinafter referred to as ak lock structure. Thecylinder is provided with a conventional key slot and with conventional springpressed tumblers 44 adapted to enter the locking groove 36 when the cylinder is in locking position as shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, and adapted to enter the

grooves

32 and 34 when the cylinder is in unlocking positionas shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 13. The provision of the groove 34 makes it possible for the key tobe removed when the cylinder is in unlocking position.

The cylinder 46 is provided at one side with a circumferentially extending .notch providing a circumferentially extending shoulder 46 which is adjacent the end of the bendable lug 26. When the cylinder has been put in place a suitable'tool, not shown, is inserted through the hole I6 to bend the lug 26 inwardly into the said 'notch in the cylinder so as to be in position to engage'the shoulder 45 and prevent removal of the cylinder. Thus the cylinder is permanently retained in place without the necessity for any subsequently inserted element, such as a screw or pin, for retaining it and without the necessity for providing any hole extending to the interior of the casing for receiving such a subsequently inserted element.

The lugs I8 and`26 are located entirely within the interior of the casing I and areinaccessible for any possible rebending after they have been bent into positions to engage the

shoulders

38 and 46. Lugs so located will lbe sometimes herein referred to as interior lugs.

The locking leg of the shackle 36 is provided with a conventional notch 48, and when the cylinder 46 is in its locking position, as shown in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, a catch 50 on the cylinder enters the said notch 48 to effect locking.

The cylinder 40 is provided with spring means for biasing it rotatively and Vlongitudinally and a single spring may advantageously be provided for this purpose. The cylinder 40 is provided with an interior recess 52 in which is positioned a coil spring 54. One end of the spring 54 engages the edge of the cylinder recess, as shown in Fig. 14, and the other end of the spring extends through the notch 24 and around the lug 22 as shown in Figs. 10 and 14. The spring 54 is so tensioned that it tends to rotate the cylinder 46 in the counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Figs. 8, 11 and 14, and is also so tensioned that it tends to move the cylinder 40 outwardly to the extent permitted by the lug 26.

The aforesaid shoulder 46 on the cylinder 46 is provided with an inclined offset 56, as shown in Figs. 9 and 12. When the parts are in unlocking position, as shown in Figs. 11, 12 and 13, the lug 26 is engaged with the inclined offset 56, and inasmuch as the spring 54 biases the cylinder outwardly the said engagement between the offset -6 and the lug 26 serves to prevent rotative movement of the cylinder by the said spring 54.

The cylinder 46 is provided at its inner end with a recess 58 having an inclined surface 6l). The inclined surface 66 is adapted to be engaged by the inner end of the locking leg of the'shackle 36 when the shackle is moved inwardly from the position shown in Fig. 12. `Such engagement 4causes the cylinder to turn in the counterclockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 11, or in the clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 13. This rotative movement'of the cylinder releases the offset 56 .from the lug 26 `and as soon as this release has been eifected, movement of the cylinder in the last-said direction is continued by the bias of the spring 54, this rotative movement being continued until the catch 56 on the cylindery 40 enters the notch 48 in the locking leg of the shackle 36, as shownin Fig. 9 and asals'o shown in Figs. 15 and 16. When the cylinder moves from the unlocking position shown in Figs. 11 and 12 to the locking position shown in Figs'. 8 and 9, theturnblers 44 are cammed'out of the groove 34 by the inclined side thereof and are then projected by their springs into the locking groove 36. It will be understood that locking can be 'zeiected as described without inserting the key.

To effect unlocking, a key is inserted in the key slot in the cylinder and the tumblers 44 are aligned, the cylinder then being turned bythe key in the clockwise direction from the locking position shown in Fig. 8v to the unlocking position shown in Fig. 11. This restores the offset 56 to its engagement with the lug 26 and the cylinder is again held in its unlocking position as already described. As soon as the catch 56 on the cylinder passes out of the notch 48 in the shackle, the shackle is lpushed outward by means of the shackle spring 3l. The key can then be withdrawn, this being possible by reason of the groove 34 for the tumblers 44.

Figs. 17 to 23 show an alternative padlockI incorporating the invention, this lock being in manyrespects similar to that shown in Figs. 1 to 16. The upper portion of the padlock is or may be exactly the same as shown in Figs. l to 16 and this portion has therefore been omitted from Figs. 17 to 23. The casing 62 may be identical in construction with the :casing lll already described except that the countersink 54 in the cylinder opening is shallower. The shackle 56 maybe identical in construction with the shackle 36 already described.

A. cylinder 68 is provided which is in many respects similar to the cylinder 46 already described but it is of such length that no endwise movement thereof is permitted. The cylinder is sometimes hereinafter referred to as a lock structure. The cylinder is held in place in the casing by means` of a bendable lug 'i6 similar to the lug 243, this lug extending into a notch in the cylinder having a shoulder 12. rllhis shoulder is similar in function to the shoulder'46 but differs therefrom in that it is not provided with any offset such as the offset 516. The tumblers and the grooves in the cylinder recess for receiving them may vbe identical with those already described and further description is unnecessary. v

The locking leg of the shackle is provided witha notch 14 similar to the notch 46 and when the cylinder 68 is in its locking position, 'as-shown in Figs. 17 to 19, a `catch 16 on the cylinder enters the said notch to effect locking.

l The cylinder 68 is provided with an interior recess 18 in which is positioned a coil spring 86.

One end of the spring engages the edge vvof the cylinder recess, as shown in Fig. 21, and the other end of the spring extendsaround a lug `82 on the casing-similar to the lug I8. The spring is so tensioned that vit tends to rotate the cylinder 68 in the -counterclockwise direction butit diiers from the springv 54 in that it is not tensioned to move the cylinder longitudinally.

' The cylinder 68 is provided with a springpressed ball or detent 84 which is adapted to be entered in a recess 86 in the Wall of the cylinder opening when the parts are in unlocking positions as shown in Figs. 20 to 23. This'detent serves in cooperation with the recess to hold the cylinder in the unlocking position, notwithstanding the before-described tendency of the spring 80 to rotate the cylinder.

The cylinder 68 is provided at its inner en'd with a recess 88 similar to the recess 58 and similarly provided with an inclined surface. The inclined surface of the recess 88 is adapted to be engaged by the inner end of the locking leg of the'sh'ackle 66 when the shackle is moved inwardly from the position shown in Fig. 23. Such engagement causes the cylinder to turn in the counterclockwise direction and as soon as the cylinder has turned sufficiently to force the detent 84 out of the recess 86, movement of the cylinder in the last said direction is continued by the bias of the spring 80, this rotative movement being continued until the catch 16 on the cylinderV 68 enters the notch 14 in the locking leg of the shackle 66, as shown in Figs. 18 and 19; When the cylinder moves from the unlocking position shown in Figs. 20 to 23 the tumblers are cammed out of the groove in the cylinder recess by the inclined side thereof and are then projected by their springs into the locking groove in the cylinder recess, this action being the same as that already described in connection with Figs. 1 to 16. It will be understood that locking can be effected as described Without inserting the key. l

To effect unlocking, a key is inserted in the key slot in the cylinder and the tumblers are Withdrawn, the cylinder then being turned by the key in the clockwise direction from the position shown in Figs. 17 to 19 to the position shown in Figs. 2O to 23. This restores the detent 84 to the recess 86 and the cylinder is again held in its unlocked position as already described. As soon as the catch 16 on the cylinder passes out of the notch I4 in the shackle, the shackle is pushed outward by means of the shackle spring.

The key can then be withdrawn, this being possible by reason of the described groove in the Wall of the cylinder recess.

It Will be seen that the construction shown in Figs. 17 to 23 is essentially the same in principle as that shown in Figs. 1 to 16 with the exception that the cylinder does not move longitudinally, being held in its unlocked position by means of the detent 84 and the recess 86 rather than by the engagement of the offset 56 with the lug 25.

Figs. 24 to 34 show another alternative padlock incorporating the invention, this lock being in many respects similar to those'shown in Figs. 1 to 16 and in Figs. 17 to 23. The upper portion of the padlock is or may be exactly the same as shown in Figs. 1 to' 16, and this portion has therefore been omitted from Figs. 24 to 34. The casing 90 may be similar in construction with the casing |0 already described, but the countersink 92 is shallower, being similar to the countersink 64 shown in Fig. 18. The shackle 94 may-be identical in construction with the shackle 36 already described.

A cylinder 96 is provided which is in many respects similar to the cylinder 40- already described, but it is so formed that no endwise movement thereof is permitted.4 The cylinder is sometimes hereinafter referred to as a lock structure. The cylinder is held in place in the casingv by means of a bendable lug 98 similar to the lug V26, this lug extending into a notch in the cylinder having a shoulder |00. This shoulder issimilar in function to the shoulder 46 but differs therefrom in that it is not provided With any offset such as the olset 56. The tumblers and the grooves in the cylinder opening for receiving them may be identical with those already described and further description is unnecessary.

The cylinder 96 is substantially shorter than the

cylinders

40 and 68 and does not extend to the'full depth of the cylinder opening. In the inner end of the said cylinder opening is a rotatable bolt |02 carrying an outwardly projecting pin |04 which enters an arcuate notch |06 in the inner end of the cylinder 96. Thus rotative movement of the bolt is limited by the cylinder, but the bolt may be rotated by the cylinder when the cylinder is turned.

The locking leg of the shackle 94 is provided with a notch |08 similar to the notch 48 and when the bolt is in its locking position as shown in Figs. 24 to 30, a catch ||0 on the bolt enters the said notch to effect locking.

The bolt |02 is provided with an interior recess |2 in which is positioned a coil spring I4. One end of the spring engages the edge of the bolt opening and the other end of the spring extends around a lug |6 on the casing similar to the lug I8. The spring is so tensioned that it tends to rotate the bolt |02 in the counterclock- Wise direction, and is also so tensioned that it tends to move 4the bolt/inwardly toward the inner end of the bolt opening.

Carried by the casing and preferably formed integrally therewith is a stud |8 which projects inwardly into theopening in which the bolt |02 is positioned. The bolt has a recess |20 in its inner end adapted to receive the stud ||8 and when the stud is entered in the recess rotative movement of the bolt is prevented. The bolt is also provided with an arcuate groove |22 adjacent the recess-|20,4 this groove having an inclined face |24 at the end thereof next to the last said recess.

When the parts are in the unlocking positions as shown in Figs. 31vto 34, the ystud ||8 is entered in the recess |20 and the bolt |02 is held in the position shown, that is, in its extreme position of clockwise movement. The cylinder 96 may be in its locking position as shown in Fig. 24, in which case the pin |04 will be at the clockwise end of the notch |06. Alternatively, the cylinder may be in its unlocking position, that is, moved 90 in the counterclockwise direction from the position shown in Fig. 24, in which case the pin |04 will be at the counterclockwise end of the notch |06. When rthe locking leg of the shackle 94 is moved inwardly from the position shown in Fig. 34, the end thereof engages a face |26 on the bolt |02. The said leg moves the bolt |02 outwardly or toward the left in opposition to the spring y||4 until the bolt is disengaged from the stud |8. Thereupon the bolt is rotated by the spring ||4 in `the counterclockwise direction from the position-shown in Fig. 33 to the position shown in Fig. 29. The bolt is at the same time returned inwardly, that is, toward the right, by the said spring so that the stud ||8 is entered in the arcuate groove |22. This rotative movement enters the catch ||0 on the bolt in the notch |08 in the shackle to effect locking. If the bolt was in its unlocking position it will have been moved to its locking position by the pin |04. If the bolt was already in its locking position it will have remained in that position.

To eifect unlocking, a key is inserted in the key slot in the cylinder and the tumblers are aligned, the cylinder being turned by the key to its unlocking position in the clockwise direction from the locking position shown in Fig. 24. When the cylinder is so moved the bolt |02 is similarly moved by reason of the engagement of the end of the notch |06 with the pin |04, this being clear from an inspection of Fig. 24. During such movement the bolt is cammed outwardly by the engagement of the inclined face |24 with the stud ||8 and then the bolt is moved inwardly so that the said stud is again entered in the recess |20. Thus the bolt |02 is again held in its unlocking position. As soon as the catch I on the bolt is withdrawn from the notch |08 in the shackle the said shackle is moved outwardly by the shackle spring. The cylinder may be left in its unlocking position or it may be returned by the key to its locking position.

It will be seen that the construction shown in Figs. 24 to 34 is similar in principle to that shown in Figs. 1 to 16, differing, however, in that the cylinder has no longitudinal movement. It is only the separate bolt |02 that has both rotative and longitudinal movements.

Figs. 35 to 37 show an alternative padlock incorporating the invention, this lock being similar in principle to those heretofore described but differing in important respects. .This lock has a casing 28 provided with a shackle opening o1' hole |30 for receiving the hinge leg of a shackle |32. The leg of the shackle is provided with an annular recess providing an annular shoulder |34 and the casing is provided with a bendable lug |36 similar to the lug I8. When the casing is rst formed the lug |36 is in the position shown in Fig. 35, but after the shackle leg has been put in place the lug |36 is bent to the position shown in Figs. 36 and 37 to enter the recess in the shackle so as to be engageable with the shoulder |34 thereof. A conventional shackle spring |38 is provided which tends to move the shackle outward.

The casing |28 has a noncircular opening for receiving a lock structure. This lock structure comprises a body |40 which substantially ts the opening and the body |40 is provided with a hole in which is mounted a rotatable cylinder |42. The cylinder |42 has a conventional keyway therein and the body |40 and the cylinder |42 are provided with conventional pin tumblers |44 which may be of conventional construction.

are aligned by the key the cylinder can be turned to move the bolt |52 in opposition to the spring |54 and withdraw it from engagement with the shackle, thus effecting unlocking. After unlocking the cylinder is returned to its locking position and the key is withdrawn. Relooking can be effected by pushing the shackle inward, the bolt |52 being cammed in ODDQSton to the spring |54 to permit the entry of the shackle. Then the spring |54 returns, the bolt to its locking position. Figs. 38 to 40 show a drawer lock incorporating the invention. This lock has a casing |58 with an opening therein for receiving a rotatable cylinder |60. The cylinder is provided with a convert'-l tional keyway and with conventional tumblers adapted to enter longitudinal grooves in the cas.- ing. The cylinder has recesses providing shoulders l|52 and the casing is provided with bendable lugs |64 which are initially straight in order to permit lthe insertion of the cylinder. After the cylinder has been inserted the lugs can 'be bent to the positions shown in Figs. 38 and 40 by means of a tool, not shown, inserted from the rear. The lock is provided with a slidable bolt |63 held in place by a back plate |66. The cylinder is provided withan eccentric'stud |68 which entersasiot ne in Athe boit. By means of the studjand the slot the bolt is moved when the cylinderis turned.

"liigJ` 41 showsjaonstruction somewhat similar to that shown in Fi s,"38to 40 and this lock has a casing |12l with an opening therein for rotatablecylinder |14. The cylinderand the casing are provided with pin'turvnblers of conventional construction.A The cylinder is provided with an annular recess providing an rannular shoulder |16 and tlfejcasing is provided with bendable4 lugs |18 which .can be'bent inwardly as shown in Fig. 41.to engage the shoulder |18 on the cylinder after the cylinder has,4 been put inplace. This lockk differs fromanv of the locks heretofore describedin that the bendable lugs for holding thev lock lstructure,are not enclosed within the interiorV of lthe, casing. Such enclosure, ,while desirable for other types of locks for the reasons that have been stated, is not important for the.' lock shown in Fig.. 4l inasmuch as the' lockitself isenclosed when in use.

, Figs. 42 to .44 show another lock ,embodying the I.

ingy has a slot |84 providing a bendable lug y|86..`

When .the cylinder is iirst put in place the lug is in the position shown in Figs. 42 and 43 and when the cylinder has been putin place a suitabletool, not shown, is inserted in the slot |84 to bend the-lug |86l to theposition shown in Fig. 44.. In this pcstipn the lue H36 can eneaeethe' shoulder |82- to prevent removal of the cylinder. Figs. 45.119,47, show other locks embodying the` invention. These figures illustrate the fact that as apart of the casing,V but may be formed as a part of the cylinderY or other lock structure within the casing.V vAs shown in Figs.. 45 and 46, there is a casing |81 having an `opening for a rotatable cylinder |88. At the outer end of the casing |81 is a countersinkv which receives an annular flange onthe'cylinder |88. The flange on the cylinder limits inward movement of the cylinder. As shown in` Fig. 47, there is a casing |89 having anopenng fora rotatable cylinder |90. At the outer end of the casing |89 is an inwardly extending annular flange which enters an annular notch in the cylinder |90. The ilange on the casing limits outward movementl of the cylinder. Each of the cylinders |88 and |90 is provided with a key slot and with conventional tumblers |92.

Each of the casings |81 and |89 is provided with an annular interior groove |94 which communicates with the cylinder opening. The inner end of each cylinder is provided with a slot |95 which forms a bendable lug |96. The lug |96 is initially in the position shown in Figs. 45 and 46, but after the cylinder has been put in place the lug |96 can be bent from the position shown in Figs. 45 and 46 to the position shown in Fig. 47, in which position it is entered in the slot |94 to prevent removal of the cylinder. If the inner end of the lock is accessible, the lug |96 may be bent by inserting a suitable tool, not shown, in the slot |95. If for any reason the rear end of the lock is not accessible, bending of the lug |96 may be effected by means of a tool |98 shaped to fit the key slot in the cylinder. The end of the tool |98 is beveled so that when the tool is inserted it engages the lock as shown in Fig. 46 to bend it outwardly to the position shown in Fig. 47. When the lug |96 is entered in the annular groove |94 endwise movement of the cylinder is prevented. As shown in Fig. 46, the lug prevents outward movement, and, as 'shown in Fig. 47, the lug prevents inward movement.)

In each of the several embodiments of the invention, one of the lock elements has an opening and the other of the elements fits the opening and has a shouldered recess between its ends, which recess is immediately adjacent the said opening and in most instances Within it. The other element has an integral lug, ordinarily an interior lug, which can be bent'into the recess of the rst element ,to prevent disassembly.

As already pointedout, the invention is particularly useful in connection with a Ylock Ain which one or more of the elements` are formed by the die castingv method. The bendable lug can advantageouslyv be formed by die casting and the invention makes it unnecessary to provide any transverse holes for retaining pins or' screws, which holes could 'vnotconveniently or economically be formedby die casting. In each embodiment of the invention except those shown in Figs. 45 to 47, the-bendable lugs areformed on the casing and itvwilltherefore be understood that the casing is preferably formed by die casting. In the constructions shown in Figs. 45 to 47 the bendable lug is formed on the rotatable cylinder and it will therefore-be understood that this rotatable cylinder may be advantageously formed by die casting.

In each embodiment of the invention except those shown in Figs. 45 to 47, the movable lock structure is engaged by an integral part of the casing to prevent movement or disassembly in one direction, the bendable lug serving to prevent movement or disassembly in the opposite direction. In the constructions shown in Figs. 45 to 47 the bendable lug prevents movement or' in and the other of which is a lock structure iitting the said opening, one of the said elements.- having a shouldered -recesslimmediately adjacent..

12 the opening and the other of the said elements having an interior lug which is adjacent the said recess and which is bent after initial assembly so as to project into the recess and engage the shoulder thereof to prevent disassembly of the said elements.

, 2. In a lock, the combination of two elements one of which is a casing having an opening therein and the other of which is a lock structure iitting the said opening, one of the said elements having a shouldered recess immediately adjacent the opening and the other of the said elements having an interior integral lug which is adjacent the said recess and which is bent after initial assembly so as to project into the recess and engage the shoulder thereof to prevent disassembly of the said elements.

3. In a lock, the combination of two elements one of which is a casing having an opening therein and the other of which is a lock structure tting the said opening, one of the said elements having a shouldered recess immediately adjacent the opening and the other of the said elements being a die casting having an interior integral lug which is adjacent the said recess and which is bent after initial assembly so as to project into the recess and engage the shoulder thereof to prevent disassembly of the said elements.

4. In a lock, the combination of a lock structure having a shouldered recess in one side thereof, and a unitary one-piece casing having an opening in which the lock structure fits, the said casing having an integral lug between the ends of the opening therein which is immediately adjacent the said casing opening and which is bent after initial assembly so as to project into the recess in the lock structure to prevent disassembly.

5. In a lock, the combination of a lock structure having a shouldered recess in one side thereof, and a unitary one-piece casing having an opening in which the lock structure fits, the said casing having an interior integral lug which is adjacent the casing opening and which is bent after initial assembly so as to project into the recess in the lock structure to prevent disassembly and the said casing having a hole therein additional to the said opening and adapted for the admission of a tool for bending the lug.

6. In a lock, the combination of two relatively rotatable elements one of which is a casing having a cylindrical opening and the other of which is a cylindrical lock structure rotatable in the opening, one of the said elements having a circumferentially extending shouldered recess between its ends and the other of the said elements having an integral lug between its ends and immediately adjacent the recess which lug is bent after assembly to project into the said recess and engage the shoulder thereof to prevent disassembly of the said elements while permitting relative rotative movement.

7.4 In a lock, the combination of two relatively rotatable elements one of which is a casing having a cylindrical opening and the other of which is a cylindrical lock structure rotatable in the opening, one of the said elements having a circumferentially extending shouldered recess between its ends and the other of the said elements being a unitary one-piece die casting having an integral lug between its end and immediately adjacent the recess which lug is bent after assemblyY to project into the said recess and engage the shoulder thereof to prevent disassembly of the said elements while permitting relative rotative' movement.

shouldered recess between its ends and theother of the said elements having an integral lug between its ends and immediately adjacent the recess which lug is bent after assembly to project into the said recess and engage the shoulder thereof to prevent disassembly of the said elements while permitting relative rotative movement.

9. In a padlock, the combination of a U-shaped shackle having a shouldered annular recess in the hinge leg thereof, and a unitary one-piece casing having a hole in which the said hinge leg of the shackle is entered, the said casing having an integral lug which is adjacent the said hole and which is bent after initial assembly so as to project into the recess in the hinge leg of the shackle to prevent removal of the shackle.

10. In a padlock, the combination of a U- shaped shackle having a shouldered annular recess in the hinge leg thereof, a lock structure provided with a key slot and with tumblers for effecting locking, a casing having a hole in which the said hinge leg of the shackle is entered and also having an opening in which the lock structure ts, and an integral lug on the casing which is adjacent the shackle hole and which is accessib le through the opening for the lock structure, the said lug being bent after entry of the shackle leg inthe shackle hole so as to project into the recess in the said shackle leg to prevent removal of the shackle. f l

l1. In a padlock, the combination of a U- shaped shackle, a lock structure provided with a key slot and with tumblers for effecting locking and having a shouldered recess in one side thereof, a unitary one-piece casing having holes for receiving the legs of the shackle and having an opening in which the lock structure ts, and an integral lug on the casing Which is adjacent the lock structure opening and is bent after assembly of the lock structure with the casing so as to project into the recess in the lock structure to prevent disassembly.

12. In a padlock, the combination of a U- shaped shackle, a lock structure provided with a key slot and with tumblers for effecting locking and having a shouldered recess in one side thereof, a unitary one-piece casing having holes for receiving the legs of the shackle and having an opening in which the lock structure ts, and an integral lug n the casing which is adjacent the lock structure opening and is accessible through one of the shackle receiving holes, the said lug being bent after assembly of the lock structure with the casing so as to project into the recess in the lock structure to prevent disassembly.

13. In a padlock, the combination of a U- shaped shackle having a shouldered annular recess in the hinge leg thereof, a lock structure provided with a key slot and with tumblers for effecting locking and having a shouldered recess in one said thereof, a casing having holes for receiving the legs ofthe shackle and having an opening in which the lock structure fits, an integral lug on the casing which is adjacent the hole for the hinge leg of the shackle and which is accessible through the opening for the lock structure, the said lug being bent after entry of the shackle leg in the shackle hole so as to project into the recess in the said shackle leg to prevent removal of the shackle, and an integral lug on the casing which is adjacent the lock structure opening and is accessible through the hole for receiving the locking leg of the shackle, the said lug being bent after assembly of the lock structure in the casing so as to project into the recess in the lock structure to prevent disassembly.

14. In a padlock, the combination of a U- shaped shackle, a cylinder provided with a key slot and with tumblers for eecting locking and having a circumferentially extending shouldered recess in one side thereof, a casing having holes for receiving the legs of the shackle and having an opening in which the cylinder ts and is rotatable, and an integral lug on the casing which is adjacent the cylinder opening and is bent after assembly of the cylinder with the casing so as to project into the recess in the cylinder to prevent disassembly while permitting rotati've movement of the cylinder.

15. In a padlock, the combination of a U- shaped shackle having a shouldered recess in the hinge leg thereof, a cylinder provided with a key slot and with tumblers for effecting locking and having a shouldered recess in one side thereof, a casing having holes for receiving the legs of the shackle and having anv opening in which the cylinder lits and is rotatable, an integral lug on the casing which is adjacent the hole for the hinge leg of the shackle and which is accessible through the opening for the cylinder, the said lug being bent after entry of the shackle leg in the shackle hole so as to project into the recess in the said shackle leg to hold the shackle in place, and an integral lug on the casing which is adjacent the cylinder opening, the said lug being accessible through the hole for receiving the locking leg of the shackle and the said lug being bent after assembly of the cylinder in the casing so as to project into the recess in the cylinder to prevent disassembly while permitting rotative movement of the cylinder.

16. In a, padlock, the combination of a U-shaped shackle, a cylinder having a key slot and having tumblers for effecting locking and having a recess in one side thereof providing a circumferentially extending shoulder with an inclined` offset therein, a casing having holes for receiving the legs of the shackle and having an opening in which the cylinder iits and is movable rotative- 1y and longitudinally, an integral lug on the casing which is adjacent the cylinder opening, the said lug being bent after assembly of the cylinder with the casing so as to engage the shoulder on tht cylinder to prevent disassembly while permitting rotative movement of the cylinder and the said lug engaging the shoulder offset when the cylinder is in unlocking position, a catch on the cylinder engageable with the locking leg of the shackle when the cylinder is in locking position, spring means for biasing the cylinder from its unlocking position to its locking position and for also biasing the cylinder longitudinally to hold the shoulder thereof against the lug, rotative movement of the cylinder by the spring means being prevented by the shoulder offset while the lug remains in engagement therewith, and an inclined surface on the cylinder engageable by the locking leg of the shackle when moved into locking position, the said surface serving to rotate the cylinder in the locking direction sufliciently to disengage the shoulder offset from the lug and the said cylinder' then being additionally turned by.

the spring means in the locking direction to engage the catch thereon with the locking leg of the shackle.

17. In a padlock, the combination of a U-shaped shackle, a cylinder having a key slot and having tumblers for effecting locking and having a. recess in one side thereof providing a circumferentially extending shoulder, a casing having holes for receiving the legs of the shackle and having an opening in which the cylinder ts and is rotatable, an integral lug on the casing which is adjacent the cylinder opening and is bent after assem-k bly of the cylinder with the casing so as to engage the shoulder on the cylinder to prevent dis- :assembly while permitting rotative movement of the cylinder, a catch on the cylinder engageable with the locking leg of the shackle When the cylinder is in locking position, a spring for biasing vthe cylinder from its unlocking position to its locking position, a spring detent for releasably holding the cylinder in its unlocking position in opposition to the bias or" the spring, and an in- Iclined surface on the cylinder engageable by the locking leg of the shackle to rotate the cylinder in the locking direction suiciently to disengage the spring detent, the said cylinder then being additionally turned by the spring in the locking direction to engage the catch thereon with the locking leg of the shackle.

18. In a padlock, the combination of a U-shaped shackle, a cylinder having a key slot and having tuniblers for eiecting locking and having a recess in one side thereo providing a circumferentially extending shoulder, a casing having holes for receivingV the legs of the shackle and having an opening in Which the cylinder ts and is rotatable, an integral lug on the casing which is adjacent the cylinder opening and is bent after assembly of the cylinder with tfi casing s'o as to engage theshoulder on the cylinder to prevent disassembly while permitting rotative movement of the cylinder, a bolt in the cylinder opening movable rotatively and longitudinally, a catch on the bolt engageable with the locking leg of the shackle when the-bolt is in locking position, means for holding the bolt in locking position when the cylinder is ini locking position, spring means for biasing the blt from its unlocking position to its locking position'and for also biasing the bolt longitudinally independently of the cylinder, interengaging means on the bolt and on the casing for holding the bolt in its unlocking position in opposition t0 the rotative bias of the spring means when the bolt is held by the spring means in one extreme longitudinal position, and a surface 0n the bolt engageable by the locking leg of the shackle to move the bolt longitudinally suciently to disengage the said interengaging means, the said bolt then being additionally turned by the spring means in the locking direction to engage the catch thereon with the locking leg of the shackle.

GUNNAR E. SWANSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 402,627 Smith May 7, 1889 1.419,359 Christoph June 13, 1922 1,965,940 Jacobi July 10, 1934 1,983,747 Gahagan Dec. 1l, 1934 1,986,302 Stone Jan. 1, 1935 1,993,408 Ledin Mar. 5, 1935 2,282,983 Lach May l2, 1942 2,352,190 Foote et al June 27, 1944 Certificate of Correction Patent No. 2,527,086 October 24, l1950 GUNNAR E. SWANSON It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows:

Column 2, line 8, Jfor the Word new read fvz'ew; column 4, line 52, for entering read entered; column 13, line 70, for said read side;

and that the said Letters Patent should be read as corrected above, so that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Oice. Signed and sealed this 2nd day of January, A. D. 1951.

[SEAL] THOMAS F. MURPHY,

Assistant Commissioner of Patents.