US2524119A - Process of manufacturing crushed velvet - Google Patents
Process of manufacturing crushed velvet Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2524119A US2524119A US112642A US11264249A US2524119A US 2524119 A US2524119 A US 2524119A US 112642 A US112642 A US 112642A US 11264249 A US11264249 A US 11264249A US 2524119 A US2524119 A US 2524119A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- velvet
- crushed
- twisted
- pile
- manufacturing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 50
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 4
- VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(4-fluorophenyl)-methyl-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)silane;methyl n-(1h-benzimidazol-2-yl)carbamate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1.C=1C=C(F)C=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC(F)=CC=1)(C)CN1C=NC=N1 VQLYBLABXAHUDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108700040458 Drosophila Strn-Mlck Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C29/00—Finishing or dressing, of textile fabrics, not provided for in the preceding groups
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C2700/00—Finishing or decoration of textile materials, except for bleaching, dyeing, printing, mercerising, washing or fulling
- D06C2700/29—Mechanical finishing of velvet or needled velvet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S8/00—Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification of textiles and fibers
- Y10S8/21—Nylon
Definitions
- Patented Oct. 3, 1950 PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING CRUSHED VELVET Theodore Van Heck, North Bergen, N. J.
- This invention relates to a process of manufacturing and treating velvet, particularly socalled "crushed velvet.
- crushed velvet refers to a material with a short, soft
- crushed velvet As now available, is limited and the material cannot be employed for certain articles for which its use would be desirable, but which by their nature are exposed to repeated wettings, such as bathing suits, shoes, etc.
- Another object of the invention is. to provide a novel and improved process of manufacturing crushed velvet which will permanently substantially retain its crush, even though the material may be repeatedly and thoroughly soaked in water, and even though the water may exert a certain pull upon the material, as it does when the material is used for bathing suits.
- Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved process of manufacturing crushed velvet which will retain permanently its crush and also its original sheen or lustre.
- the velvet to be treated according to th invention may have any suitable fabric back made or instance of rayon, cotton or silk, or a mixture of such fibers.
- any suitable fabric back made or instance of rayon, cotton or silk, or a mixture of such fibers.
- stretchable material such as rubber or latex, as now known imder the trade-mark Lastex.
- the pile of the velvet must comprise a matetures.
- the velvet is dyed, finished and crushed by any suitable method and means, conventional or unconventional, which are known in the art for the aforesaid purposes.
- the crushing operation generally consists of twisting and compressing the material until it assumes the shape of a tight rope, sometimes forming knots.
- crushed velvet As previously mentioned, conventionally crushed velvet, whether it has an acetate rayon pile or a pile made of any other fiber or filament, will substantially lose its crush if thoroughly wetted, particularly if subjected to a pull When wet.
- crushed velvet while still in the shape it is upon completion of the crushing operation, that is, in form of a tightly wound ortwisted rope is, according to the invention, subjected to a heat treatment in the presence of moisture at a temperature between and 212 F. or even higher if the material to be treated can withstand higher tempera- This heat treatment is continued until the heat has completely penetrated the velvet rope. and the Same is saturated with moisture.
- satisfactory results can also be obtained by subjecting the rope of crushed velvet to a treatment with air having a temperature above 140, preferably between 180 and 212 in the presence of moisture.
- the moisture can be provided by saturating the hot air or soaking the cloth with water before exposing it to the hot air.
- live steam having a temperature of more than 212 F. may also be employed.
- live steam having a temperature of more than 212 F.
- the treatment may be carried out under pressure or under vacuum.
- the crushed velvet now having a permanent crush, is dried and framed for instance by means of a conventional finishing or tendering machine to give the material the desired width.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Description
Patented Oct. 3, 1950 PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING CRUSHED VELVET Theodore Van Heck, North Bergen, N. J.
No Drawing. Application August 26,1949, Serial No. 112,642
12 Claims.
1 This invention relates to a process of manufacturing and treating velvet, particularly socalled "crushed velvet.
The term crushed velvet, as herein sometimes used, refers to a material with a short, soft,
thick warp pile surface on a fabric back which after dyeing and finishing has been subjected to a crushing treatment.
Tests and practical experience show that crushed velvet manufactured by methods and processes, as hitherto known, will substantially lose its crush when wetted, particularly after repeated wettings.
As a result, the use of crushed velvet, as now available, is limited and the material cannot be employed for certain articles for which its use would be desirable, but which by their nature are exposed to repeated wettings, such as bathing suits, shoes, etc.
Accordingly, it is one of the objects of the invention to provide a novel and improved process of manufacturing crushed velvet which can be advantageously used for bathing suits, shoes and other articles, which by their nature are subjected to repeated wettings.
Another object of the invention is. to provide a novel and improved process of manufacturing crushed velvet which will permanently substantially retain its crush, even though the material may be repeatedly and thoroughly soaked in water, and even though the water may exert a certain pull upon the material, as it does when the material is used for bathing suits. I
Another object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved process of manufacturing crushed velvet which will retain permanently its crush and also its original sheen or lustre.
According to the invention the above enumerated objects, features and advantages and other objects, features and advantages which will be pointed out hereinafter and set forth in the appended claims forming part of the application, are obtained by applying the following process steps in the manufacture of crushed velvet.
The velvet to be treated according to th invention may have any suitable fabric back made or instance of rayon, cotton or silk, or a mixture of such fibers. In case elasticity of the material is required the warp or the filling or both, depending upon whether stretchin one direction or both directions is desired, must be made of or contain stretchable material such as rubber or latex, as now known imder the trade-mark Lastex.
The pile of the velvet must comprise a matetures.
rial capable of permanently retaining a crush, notwithstanding repeated wettings, after having been treatedaccording to the invention, as will be fully explained hereinafter. Applicant has found by extensive tests that the filaments of acetate rayon are particularly suitable for the purpose of the invention by reason of their thermoplastic properties. Satisfactory results were also obtained with cotton fibers.
The velvet is dyed, finished and crushed by any suitable method and means, conventional or unconventional, which are known in the art for the aforesaid purposes. The crushing operation generally consists of twisting and compressing the material until it assumes the shape of a tight rope, sometimes forming knots.
Inasmuch as the manufacture of the velvet proper and the dyeing, finishing and crushing of the material may be conventional and are not essential for th understanding of the invention, they are not described here in detail.
As previously mentioned, conventionally crushed velvet, whether it has an acetate rayon pile or a pile made of any other fiber or filament, will substantially lose its crush if thoroughly wetted, particularly if subjected to a pull When wet. For the purpose of making the crush of crushed velvet substantially insensitive to even a thorough and repeated wetting, crushed velvet while still in the shape it is upon completion of the crushing operation, that is, in form of a tightly wound ortwisted rope is, according to the invention, subjected to a heat treatment in the presence of moisture at a temperature between and 212 F. or even higher if the material to be treated can withstand higher tempera- This heat treatment is continued until the heat has completely penetrated the velvet rope. and the Same is saturated with moisture. Various methods and means may be employed to apply the aforesaid heat treatment. The applicant has found that generally good results are obtained by submerging the rope in water having a temperature between 140 and 212 F. Particularly good results were obtained when a temperature between 180 and 212 F. was employed, The rope should remain in the hot water bath 'until thoroughly heated and soaked, generally about ten minutes are sufficient.
In certain instances, satisfactory results can also be obtained by subjecting the rope of crushed velvet to a treatment with air having a temperature above 140, preferably between 180 and 212 in the presence of moisture. The moisture can be provided by saturating the hot air or soaking the cloth with water before exposing it to the hot air.
In case the dyes used for dyeing the velvet are suificiently colorfast, live steam having a temperature of more than 212 F. may also be employed. In any event care must be taken that the applied heat penetrates the entire rope and that the rope is saturated with moisture. To facilitate the heat penetration and saturation of the rope, the treatment may be carried out under pressure or under vacuum.
Tests made by the applicant with crushed velvet treated according to the invention, particularly with crushed velvet having an acetate rayon pile, show that the folds or wrinkles caused by the crushing operation are fixed to such an extent that they will substantially retain their shape after repeated soakings of the velvet in water and exposure to the stresses and pulls to which the material is customarily subjected when used for a bathing suit.
The aforesaid neat treatment frequently reduces the original sheen or lustre ofv the velvet to lustre of the material can be substantially restored by rapidly cooling the material upon completion of the heat treatment and while still in the form of said tight rope.
Tests made by the applicant show that good results are obtained by submerging the velvet rope in water which may have approximately room temperature. The cooling operation is continued until the material is thoroughly cooled off. Ten minutes are generally suihcient. In certain instances, it is also possible and practical to cool off the velvet rope by exposing it to a current of cold air.
.Finally, the crushed velvet, now having a permanent crush, is dried and framed for instance by means of a conventional finishing or tendering machine to give the material the desired width.
While the invention has been described in detail with respect to certain now preferred process steps, it will be understood by those skilled in the art after understanding the invention, that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and it is intended, therefore, in the appended claims, to cover all such changes and modifications.
What is claimed is:
1. In the process of manufacturing crushed velvet by twisting and compressing velvet material having a pile comprising thermoplastic material, the step of thoroughly heating the velvet material while being in said twisted and compressed condition in the presence of moisture to a temperature between 140 and 212 F.
2. In the process of manufacturing crushed velvet by twisting and compressing velvet material having a pile comprising thermoplastic material, the step of submerging the velvet material, while being in said twisted and compressed condition, in an aqueous fiuid having a temperature between 175 and 212 F. for at least a period of time sufiicient to heat and soak the velvet material throughout.
3. In a process of manufacturing crushed velvet by twisting and compressing velvet material having a pile comprising acetate rayon filaments,
the step of thoroughly heating the velvet material, while being in said twisted and compressed condition, in the presence of moisture to a temperature between and 212 F.
4. In a process of manufacturing crushed velvet by twisting and compressing velvet material having a pile comprising acetate rayon filaments, the step of submerging the velvet material, while being in said twisted and compressed condition, in water having a temperature between and 212 F. for at least a period of time sufficient to soak and heat the velvet material throughout.
5. In the process of manufacturing crushed velvet by twisting and compressing velvet material having a pile comprising thermoplastic material, the steps of thoroughly heating the velvet material, while being in said twisted and compressed condition in the presence of moisture, to a temperature between 140 and 212 F., and of subjecting the heated velvet material, while being in said twisted and compressed condition, to a treatment with a cooling medium for rapidly cooling the crushed velvet throughout upon completion of the heat treatment.
6. In the process of manufacturing crushed velvet by twisting and compressing velvet material having a pile comprising thermoplastic material, the steps of submerging the velvet material, while being in said twisted and compressed condition, in an aqueous fluid having a temperature between 140 and 212 F. for at least a period of time sufficient to heat and soak the velvet material throughout, and of submerging the heated velvet material, while being in said twisted and compressed condition, in cold water for at least a period of time sufficient to obtain complete cooling of the heated velvet.
'Z. In a process of manufacturing crushed velvet by twisting and compressing velvet material having a pile comprising acetate rayon filaments, the steps of thoroughly heating the velvet material, while being in said twisted and compressed condition, in the presence of moisture to a temperature between 14-0 and 212 F., and of subjecting the heated velvet material, While being in said twisted and compressed condition, to a treatment with a cooling medium for rapidly cooling the crushed velvet throughout upon completion of the heat treatment.
8. In a process of manufacturing crushed velvet by twisting and compressing velvet material having a pile comprising acetate rayon filaments, the steps of 'submerging the velvet material, while being in said twisted and compressed condition, in water having a temperature between 1'75 and 212 F. for at least a period of time sufficient to soak and heat the velvet material throughout, and of submerging the heated velvet material while being in said twisted and compressed condition in a cold water bath for a period of time suflicient to cool off completely the velvet material.
9. In a process of manufacturing crushed velvet by twisting and compressing velvet material having a pile comprising thermoplastic material, the step of exposing the velvet, while being in said twisted and compressed condition, to hot air having a temperature of at least 140 F. in the presence of moisture for at least a period of time suflicient to secure thorough heating and saturation with moisture of the velvet material.
10. In a process of manufacturing crushed velvet by twisting and compressing velvet material having a pile comprising thermoplastic material,
the step of exposing the velvet, while being in said twisted and compressed condition, to live steam for at least a period of time sufiicient to secure thorough heating and moisture saturation of the velvet material.
11. In a process of manufacturing crushed velvet by twisting and compressing velvet material having a pile comprising thermoplastic material, the step of exposing the velvet, while being in said twisted and compressed condition, to hot air having a temperature of at least 140 F. in the presence of moisture for at least a period of time sufiicient to secure thorough heating and saturation with moisture of the velvet material, and of subjecting the heated velvet material, while being in said twisted and compressed condition, to a treatment with a cooling medium for rapidly cooling the crushed velvet upon completion of the heat treatment.
12. In a process of manufacturing crushed velvet by twisting and compressing velvet material having a pile comprising thermoplastic material,
the step of exposing the velvet while being in said twisted and compressed condition, to live steam for at least a period of time sufficient to secure thorough heating and moisture saturation of the velvet material, and subjecting the heated velvet material, while being in said twisted and compressed condition, to a treatment with a coolin medium for rapidly cooling the crushed velvet upon completion of the heat treatment.
THEODORE VAN HEEK.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US112642A US2524119A (en) | 1949-08-26 | 1949-08-26 | Process of manufacturing crushed velvet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US112642A US2524119A (en) | 1949-08-26 | 1949-08-26 | Process of manufacturing crushed velvet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2524119A true US2524119A (en) | 1950-10-03 |
Family
ID=22345068
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US112642A Expired - Lifetime US2524119A (en) | 1949-08-26 | 1949-08-26 | Process of manufacturing crushed velvet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2524119A (en) |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3128528A (en) * | 1960-04-28 | 1964-04-14 | Du Pont | Preparation of hydroset textile material |
| US3445902A (en) * | 1965-12-13 | 1969-05-27 | Beloved Toys Inc | Method and apparatus for reconditioning pile fibers |
| US3877118A (en) * | 1973-09-25 | 1975-04-15 | Stevens & Co Inc J P | Process for the continuous crushing of velvet |
| US3899292A (en) * | 1972-03-23 | 1975-08-12 | Toray Industries | Process for crumpling synthetic suede |
| US3904793A (en) * | 1969-02-28 | 1975-09-09 | Deering Milliken Inc | Crushed pile fabric and method |
| US3922404A (en) * | 1969-02-28 | 1975-11-25 | Deering Milliken Inc | Crushed pile fabric and method |
| US3939536A (en) * | 1973-03-30 | 1976-02-24 | Deering Milliken Research Corporation | Apparatus for imparting a random wrinkled or crushed appearance to pile fabrics |
| US4006516A (en) * | 1973-03-30 | 1977-02-08 | Deering Milliken Research Corporation | Process for imparting a crushed appearance to pile fabric |
| US4101270A (en) * | 1975-06-20 | 1978-07-18 | Vepa Aktiengesellschaft | Process and apparatus for the continuous dyeing or printing of endless lengths of materials |
| US4576611A (en) * | 1984-05-31 | 1986-03-18 | Milliken Research Corporation | Method for producing random-appearing patterns on fabric: nodes and line segments |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1390093A (en) * | 1920-04-08 | 1921-09-06 | Cucumel Joseph | Apparatus for finishing velvet and other nap fabrics |
| US1786421A (en) * | 1929-04-11 | 1930-12-30 | Buhlmann Adolph Walter | Method of treating textiles of cellulose fiber |
| US1910429A (en) * | 1928-12-19 | 1933-05-23 | Dreyfus Camille | Pile fabric containing derivatives of cellulose and method of making the same |
| US2020698A (en) * | 1933-10-24 | 1935-11-12 | Celanese Corp | Pile fabric and method of treating the same |
| US2338792A (en) * | 1939-03-24 | 1944-01-11 | Celanese Corp | Method of preparing textile fabric |
-
1949
- 1949-08-26 US US112642A patent/US2524119A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1390093A (en) * | 1920-04-08 | 1921-09-06 | Cucumel Joseph | Apparatus for finishing velvet and other nap fabrics |
| US1910429A (en) * | 1928-12-19 | 1933-05-23 | Dreyfus Camille | Pile fabric containing derivatives of cellulose and method of making the same |
| US1786421A (en) * | 1929-04-11 | 1930-12-30 | Buhlmann Adolph Walter | Method of treating textiles of cellulose fiber |
| US2020698A (en) * | 1933-10-24 | 1935-11-12 | Celanese Corp | Pile fabric and method of treating the same |
| US2338792A (en) * | 1939-03-24 | 1944-01-11 | Celanese Corp | Method of preparing textile fabric |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3128528A (en) * | 1960-04-28 | 1964-04-14 | Du Pont | Preparation of hydroset textile material |
| US3445902A (en) * | 1965-12-13 | 1969-05-27 | Beloved Toys Inc | Method and apparatus for reconditioning pile fibers |
| US3904793A (en) * | 1969-02-28 | 1975-09-09 | Deering Milliken Inc | Crushed pile fabric and method |
| US3922404A (en) * | 1969-02-28 | 1975-11-25 | Deering Milliken Inc | Crushed pile fabric and method |
| US3899292A (en) * | 1972-03-23 | 1975-08-12 | Toray Industries | Process for crumpling synthetic suede |
| US3939536A (en) * | 1973-03-30 | 1976-02-24 | Deering Milliken Research Corporation | Apparatus for imparting a random wrinkled or crushed appearance to pile fabrics |
| US4006516A (en) * | 1973-03-30 | 1977-02-08 | Deering Milliken Research Corporation | Process for imparting a crushed appearance to pile fabric |
| US3877118A (en) * | 1973-09-25 | 1975-04-15 | Stevens & Co Inc J P | Process for the continuous crushing of velvet |
| US4101270A (en) * | 1975-06-20 | 1978-07-18 | Vepa Aktiengesellschaft | Process and apparatus for the continuous dyeing or printing of endless lengths of materials |
| US4576611A (en) * | 1984-05-31 | 1986-03-18 | Milliken Research Corporation | Method for producing random-appearing patterns on fabric: nodes and line segments |
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