US2186121A - Process of finishing fabric - Google Patents

Process of finishing fabric Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2186121A
US2186121A US164309A US16430937A US2186121A US 2186121 A US2186121 A US 2186121A US 164309 A US164309 A US 164309A US 16430937 A US16430937 A US 16430937A US 2186121 A US2186121 A US 2186121A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
fabric
fibers
cellulose
yarns
fabrics
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US164309A
Inventor
Platt Herbert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Celanese Corp
Original Assignee
Celanese Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Celanese Corp filed Critical Celanese Corp
Priority to US164309A priority Critical patent/US2186121A/en
Priority to GB26793/38A priority patent/GB514025A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2186121A publication Critical patent/US2186121A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/44—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table; Zincates; Cadmates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/52—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/522—Fulling

Definitions

  • This invention relates to fabrics containin yarns formed from a mixture of organic derivative of cellulose fibers and animal fibers and moreparticularly to a method of finishing such fabrics to improve their hand.
  • An object of the invention is the economic and expeditious production of fabrics containing yarns formed from a mixture of organic derivative of cellulose fibers and animal fibers. Another object of the invention is a method of finishing soft pieces of fabric containing both animal fibers and organic derivative ofcellulose fibers to produce fabrics having a more resilient and crispy hand. Other objects of the invention will appear from the following detailed description.
  • fabrics are formed from yarns at least some of which contain a mixture of organic derivative of cellulose fibers and animal fibers.
  • the yarns containing the mixture of fibers may be made by any suitable process. Depending somewhat upon the process of manufacture and the mixture of fibers they contain these yarns may be woven, knitted, or netted into fabrics which in appearance resemble mens tropical worsteds, womens novelty worsted, woolen suitings, woolen overcoatings, camel hair overcoatings, etc.
  • the fabrics may have the desired appearance they sometimes lack the desired resiliency of hand and instead they have a soft or mushyhand or a rag-like hand. Also such fabrics may be fulled for too long a time effecting a rag-like hand.
  • the desired hand may be produced in such fabrics, in accordance with this invention, by wetting them out open width and drying them on a tenter.
  • a still further improvement in hand may be obtained by performing all the wet finishing operations such as scouring, fulling, dyeing, rinsing, etc., without drying until the fabric goes on the tenter.
  • Fabrics, containing yarns formed from a mixture of organic derivative of cellulose fibers and animal fibers, that are treated in accordance with this invention have a resilient and live hand similar to fabrics made wholly from animal fibers and they have the further advantage of draping better, being more wrinkle-proof yet holding a set crease or pleat longer and having more desirable absorption properties.
  • the yarns may be formed from a mixture of organic derivative of cellulose fibers and animal fibers by any suitable method. For instance, the yarns may be formed from a mixture of fibers by the cotton method, worsted method, the woolen method or the waste silk method of forming yarns from staple length fibers.
  • the organic derivative of cellulose fibers that are mixed with the animal fibers to form the yarns may be made from any suitable organic derivative of cellulose and by any suitable process employed in forming staple length fibers from artificial materials.
  • Any suitable organic derivative of cellulose may be used in forming fibers such as the organic esters of cellulose and cellulose ethers. Examples of organic esters of cellulose are cellulose acetate, cellulose formate, cellulose propionate and cellulose butyrate; while examples of cellulose ethers are ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose.
  • the staple fibers may be formed by extruding a solution of the organic ester of cellulose through suitable orifices into a solidifying medium such as atmosphere employed in the dry method of forming artificial silk or into a precipitating medium as employed in the wet method of forming silk.
  • a solidifying medium such as atmosphere employed in the dry method of forming artificial silk or into a precipitating medium as employed in the wet method of forming silk.
  • continuous filaments of the organic derivatives of cellulose are formed, which continuous filaments may be grouped together into rope form or grouped togather in the form of a band and then cut or torn into suitable staple lengths.
  • any suitable length of fiber may be employed depending upon the process used in forming the same into yarn. For instance, fibers of one inch to 12 inches or more may be employed.
  • the animal fibers employed in forming the yarns described above may be any suitable animal fiber such as wool of any grade or locality camel hair, mohair, llama, rabbit, etc.
  • this invention is applicable to yarns containing from 50 to parts organic derivative of cellulose fiber mixed with 5 to 50 parts of animal fiber.
  • the type of cloth formed will depend naturally upon the method used in forming the yarns, that is the degree of twist placed in the yarns, the type of animal hair employed, the deniers of artificial fibers employed and the construction of the fabric..
  • Example Yarns are formed by the woolen method of forming yarns from a mixture of about '70 parts cellulose fiber and about 30 parts wool having approximately the same cross-sectional area. Yarns are formed having a twist of from 5 to 15 turns per inch and of about 20 to 24 count. These yarns are woven into a fabric of 1x1 Weave having about 62 to 6'7 picks and ends per inch. The fabric is then placed in a kicker fulllng machine with suitable soap and water. After fulllng, the fabric is rinsed in warm water then scoured in a warm water soap solution and placed in a dye bath of about 80 C.
  • the fabric is-removed from the dye bath, rinsed, centrlfugally extracted and wound into a roll while still containing about or more moisture.
  • the roll is placed upon the tentcr machine and stretched out and dried.
  • the resulting fabric has a resilient and lofty hand and in all respects is similar to a fabric formed by the worsted method of forming yarns of all animal fibers.
  • the fabric after weaving may be given any of the customary finishes by any suitable devices.
  • the fabric may be fulled with kicker, rotary or lap fulling machines, etc., while the fabric may be dyed in the roll by the Franklin process, on the winch or jig, whereas the scouring and rinsing operations may be performed on the winch, in vats, etc.
  • the fabric is preferable however to use those methods of finishing the fabric in which the fabric is maintained in an open condition as distinguished from rope or basket form of treatments.
  • the fabric is allowed to cool slowly from the temperature of the heated baths, the temperature of the cold baths or to room temperature. Slow cooling of the fabric may be performed by rolling the fabric into a roll upon recovery from a heated bath.
  • the moisture content of the fabric is always maintained at 120 to 200%, based on the weight of the fabric, and finally subjecting the fabric containing 120 to 200% of moisture to tenter-drying.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)

Description

Patented Jan. 9, 1940 UNITED srarss 2,186,121 PROCESS OF FINISHING FABRIC Herbert Platt, Cumberland, Md,
assignor to Celanese Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware No Drawing.
4 "Claims.
This invention relates to fabrics containin yarns formed from a mixture of organic derivative of cellulose fibers and animal fibers and moreparticularly to a method of finishing such fabrics to improve their hand.
An object of the invention is the economic and expeditious production of fabrics containing yarns formed from a mixture of organic derivative of cellulose fibers and animal fibers. Another object of the invention is a method of finishing soft pieces of fabric containing both animal fibers and organic derivative ofcellulose fibers to produce fabrics having a more resilient and crispy hand. Other objects of the invention will appear from the following detailed description.
It is known that fabrics are formed from yarns at least some of which contain a mixture of organic derivative of cellulose fibers and animal fibers. The yarns containing the mixture of fibers may be made by any suitable process. Depending somewhat upon the process of manufacture and the mixture of fibers they contain these yarns may be woven, knitted, or netted into fabrics which in appearance resemble mens tropical worsteds, womens novelty worsted, woolen suitings, woolen overcoatings, camel hair overcoatings, etc. Although the fabrics may have the desired appearance they sometimes lack the desired resiliency of hand and instead they have a soft or mushyhand or a rag-like hand. Also such fabrics may be fulled for too long a time effecting a rag-like hand. I have found that the desired hand may be produced in such fabrics, in accordance with this invention, by wetting them out open width and drying them on a tenter. A still further improvement in hand may be obtained by performing all the wet finishing operations such as scouring, fulling, dyeing, rinsing, etc., without drying until the fabric goes on the tenter. Fabrics, containing yarns formed from a mixture of organic derivative of cellulose fibers and animal fibers, that are treated in accordance with this invention have a resilient and live hand similar to fabrics made wholly from animal fibers and they have the further advantage of draping better, being more wrinkle-proof yet holding a set crease or pleat longer and having more desirable absorption properties.
In accordance with nw invention then, I form fabrics containing at least some yarns made from a mixture of organic derivative of cellulose fibers and animal fibers and finished in such a manner that they are placed on the tenter while wet, say containing above 50% moisture and preferably above 120% moisture. It is also preferable to Application September 17, 1937, Serial No. 164,309
perform all the'wet finishing operations up the tentering or final pressing operation without permitting the fabric to-become dry between any of the said operations. However, if the fabric has become dry, it is within the scope of my invention to rewet the fabric and place it on the tenter while wet. I have found that the amount of water, within limits, left in the fabric when it enfrom yarns formed from a mixture of organic derivative of cellulose fibers and animal fibers. However, the invention is also applicable to the treatment of fabrics whether woven, ,knitted, netted or knotted from such yarns or such yarns interfabricated with other types of yarns. The yarns may be formed from a mixture of organic derivative of cellulose fibers and animal fibers by any suitable method. For instance, the yarns may be formed from a mixture of fibers by the cotton method, worsted method, the woolen method or the waste silk method of forming yarns from staple length fibers.
The organic derivative of cellulose fibers that are mixed with the animal fibers to form the yarns may be made from any suitable organic derivative of cellulose and by any suitable process employed in forming staple length fibers from artificial materials. Any suitable organic derivative of cellulose may be used in forming fibers such as the organic esters of cellulose and cellulose ethers. Examples of organic esters of cellulose are cellulose acetate, cellulose formate, cellulose propionate and cellulose butyrate; while examples of cellulose ethers are ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose and benzyl cellulose.
The staple fibers may be formed by extruding a solution of the organic ester of cellulose through suitable orifices into a solidifying medium such as atmosphere employed in the dry method of forming artificial silk or into a precipitating medium as employed in the wet method of forming silk. By either of these methods continuous filaments of the organic derivatives of cellulose are formed, which continuous filaments may be grouped together into rope form or grouped togather in the form of a band and then cut or torn into suitable staple lengths. any suitable length of fiber may be employed depending upon the process used in forming the same into yarn. For instance, fibers of one inch to 12 inches or more may be employed. When forming the yarns by the woolen method of forming yarns from a mixture of organic derivative of cellulose fiber and wool fiber, it is preferable to use fibers having a length of from. 1 to 4 inches.
The animal fibers employed in forming the yarns described above may be any suitable animal fiber such as wool of any grade or locality camel hair, mohair, llama, rabbit, etc. For making fabrics that are intended to compete with tropical worsteds employed in mens suitings, it is preferable to form the yarns from a mixture of about parts cellulose acetate fiber and 30 parts of wool fiber of a grade about that of Ges U. S. Standard. Although a mixture of fibers consisting of about '70 parts organic derivative of cellulose fibers and 30 parts wool fibers is preferable, this invention is applicable to yarns containing from 50 to parts organic derivative of cellulose fiber mixed with 5 to 50 parts of animal fiber.
The type of cloth formed will depend naturally upon the method used in forming the yarns, that is the degree of twist placed in the yarns, the type of animal hair employed, the deniers of artificial fibers employed and the construction of the fabric..
Regardless of the type of fabric treated there is produced in the same, by treatment in accordance with this invention, a more resilient and lofty hand. The invention, however, is particularly applicable to woven fabrics of fairly tight construction designed for use in mens summer suits and womens novelty suits.
As an aid in describing the invention without being limited thereby, the following example is Elven:
Example Yarns are formed by the woolen method of forming yarns from a mixture of about '70 parts cellulose fiber and about 30 parts wool having approximately the same cross-sectional area. Yarns are formed having a twist of from 5 to 15 turns per inch and of about 20 to 24 count. These yarns are woven into a fabric of 1x1 Weave having about 62 to 6'7 picks and ends per inch. The fabric is then placed in a kicker fulllng machine with suitable soap and water. After fulllng, the fabric is rinsed in warm water then scoured in a warm water soap solution and placed in a dye bath of about 80 C. The fabric is-removed from the dye bath, rinsed, centrlfugally extracted and wound into a roll while still containing about or more moisture. The roll is placed upon the tentcr machine and stretched out and dried. The resulting fabric has a resilient and lofty hand and in all respects is similar to a fabric formed by the worsted method of forming yarns of all animal fibers.
The fabric after weaving may be given any of the customary finishes by any suitable devices. For instance, the fabric may be fulled with kicker, rotary or lap fulling machines, etc., while the fabric may be dyed in the roll by the Franklin process, on the winch or jig, whereas the scouring and rinsing operations may be performed on the winch, in vats, etc. For the prevention of permanent creases in the finished article, it is preferable however to use those methods of finishing the fabric in which the fabric is maintained in an open condition as distinguished from rope or basket form of treatments. It is also preferable but not necessary that the fabric is allowed to cool slowly from the temperature of the heated baths, the temperature of the cold baths or to room temperature. Slow cooling of the fabric may be performed by rolling the fabric into a roll upon recovery from a heated bath.
It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is given merely by way of illustration and that many variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention.
Having described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. In a process for the production of a fabric, comprising organic derivative of cellulose fiber and animal fiber, having a good hand, the steps of subjecting a fabric to wet-finishing operations and finally subjecting the fabric containing 120 to 200% based on the weight of the fabric, of moisture to tenter-drying.
2. In a process for the production of a fabric, comprising cellulose acetate fiber and animal fiber, having a good hand, the steps of subjecting a fabric to wet-finishing operations and finally subjecting the fabric containing 120 to 200%, based-on the weight of the fabric, of moisture to tenter-drying.
3. In a process for the production of a fabric, comprising organic derivative of cellulose fiber and animal fiber, having a good band, the steps of subjecting a fabric to wet-finishing operations,
during and between which operations the moisture content of the fabric is always maintained at 120 to 200%, based on the weight of the fabric, and finally subjecting the fabric containing 120 to 200% of moisture to tenter-drying.
4. In a process for the production of a fabric comprising cellulose acetate fiber and animal fiber, having a good hand, the steps of subjecting a fabric to wet-finishing operations, during and between which operations the moisture content of the fabric is always maintained at 120 to 200%, based on the weight of the fabric, and finally subjecting the fabric containing 120 to 200% of moisture to tenter-drylng.
HERBERT PLATT.
US164309A 1937-09-17 1937-09-17 Process of finishing fabric Expired - Lifetime US2186121A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US164309A US2186121A (en) 1937-09-17 1937-09-17 Process of finishing fabric
GB26793/38A GB514025A (en) 1937-09-17 1938-09-14 Improvements in the finishing treatment of textile materials and the like

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US164309A US2186121A (en) 1937-09-17 1937-09-17 Process of finishing fabric

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2186121A true US2186121A (en) 1940-01-09

Family

ID=22593911

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US164309A Expired - Lifetime US2186121A (en) 1937-09-17 1937-09-17 Process of finishing fabric

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2186121A (en)
GB (1) GB514025A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2503024A (en) * 1948-02-26 1950-04-04 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Decorative rayon fabric and method of making

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2503024A (en) * 1948-02-26 1950-04-04 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Decorative rayon fabric and method of making

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB514025A (en) 1939-10-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2985940A (en) Production of high bulk fabrics from staple fiber mixtures
CN101736478A (en) Composite fiber fabric and method for manufacturing same
CN108456971A (en) A kind of production technology that pure wool water ripples are two-sided
US3766872A (en) Textured embroidered fabric
US1994057A (en) Yarn and method for its production
CN101613900B (en) Acetate synthetic fabric and manufacturing method thereof
US3823452A (en) Method of forming pleated fabric
US2524119A (en) Process of manufacturing crushed velvet
US2186121A (en) Process of finishing fabric
US2094081A (en) Textile fabric and method of treating same
CN108823707A (en) A kind of anti-drilling wool fiber and anti-drilling wool comforter
WO2014064661A2 (en) Method for manufacturing a silk-based fabric imitating a cashmere fabric
US3266865A (en) Stretchable wool and wool-blend fabrics
US2158110A (en) Treatment of textile fabrics and the
US2391950A (en) Method of producing textile fabric
US2907094A (en) Textile process
US3932124A (en) Process for setting textiles
US2046616A (en) Spun yarn containing organic derivatives of cellulose and method of producing same
US2805463A (en) Method of treating knitted goods containing shrinkable fibres and products thereof
KR100625279B1 (en) Method for preparation of fiber containing polypropylene and fiber obtained from the method
US2145297A (en) Treatment of textile fabrics and the products thereof
JPS5881606A (en) Preparation of soft raw silk
US2075143A (en) Treatment of textile fabrics
US4188422A (en) Shrink-resistant textiles containing polypropylene proteinous fiber blend produced by immersing textile in an inert liquid at high temperature
CN109371523B (en) Method for manufacturing raw material twisted yarn for easy-to-handle wool