JPS5881606A - Preparation of soft raw silk - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain the titled raw silk having the retained improved softness unique to the cocoon filaments easily, by cooking cocoons in cooking hot water containing a permeating reeling agent at a low temperature, reeling the cocoon filaments for the cocoons while oiling the cocoons, and steaming the resultant filaments in contact therewith. CONSTITUTION:Cocoons are cooked in cooking hot water containing a permeating reeling agent, e.g. an alkyl allyl ether nonionic surface active agent, at 80 deg.C or below under conditions suitable for the sunk reeling, and the cocoon filaments are then wound from the resultant cocoons onto a reel while oiled by adding an oiling agent, e.g. a higher alcohol sulfuric ester, to the reeling hot water. The resultant filaments are then rereeled onto a large reel, and the resultant skein is then brought into contact with steam to give the aimed raw silk. EFFECT:Silk yarns are easily handled in weaving and knitting due to the improved elongation at break, and woven and knitted fabrics having improved covering power are obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for producing flexible raw silk, and its purpose is to produce extremely flexible silk that retains the original characteristics of cocoon silk, especially the flexibility of cocoon silk. To provide a method for easily producing rich raw silk.

The raw silk currently used is mostly produced by automatic reeling machines, but due to the characteristics of automatic reeling machines, the reeling method requires refinement. Cocoons are boiled under boiling conditions such as hot water, and the cocoons are reeled, but the raw silk obtained in this manner tends to lack flexibility. This means that the flexibility of the cocoon silk is lost during each step of boiling, reeling, etc., and the obtained raw silk no longer retains that much flexibility. Increasing the flexibility of the obtained raw silk, in other words, if the flexibility of the cocoon silk is retained in the raw silk, the range of use as raw silk for textiles and knitting will increase. In order to further expand the scope of use and to obtain a product of better quality when used in conventional applications, the present inventors have developed a method that has excellent flexibility that retains the flexibility of cocoon thread. Obtaining raw silk (After intensive research and repeated experiments, we found that depending on the cocoon water added with a translucent disintegrating agent, the surface on which the cocoons were boiled at a temperature below 100°F was used, and the silk was reeled while being oiled. After winding up the cocoon silk, it is rolled up into a large frame and made into a whole, and by contacting this whole with steam, the extremely flexible raw silk, that is, the flexibility of cocoon silk, is not lost in any way, and it is processed as it is. The present invention was achieved by obtaining the raw silk possessed by the present invention.

The characteristics of the present invention are that the cocoon is boiled at a low temperature and the resulting surface is
It can be said that the method consists of reeling the silk while applying oiling and subjecting the obtained raw silk to catalytic steaming treatment, and these will be explained in more detail below.

First, regarding cocoon boiling at a low temperature, which is one of the features of the present invention, the current reeling operation requires refinement because it is performed using an automatic reeling machine. Usually, cocoons are boiled by high temperature, tactile steaming, and hot water suction.1 By this high temperature tactile steaming and hot water, the cocoon silk is stretched by a slight tensile force, making it easy to crystallize, and this makes the raw silk after reeling. This is one of the reasons why the obtained raw silk lacks flexibility.

Therefore, it is possible to refine the cocoon without using high temperatures, and if the cocoon is boiled in such a way that it will not be stretched by a slight tensile tension and can prevent stretching crystallization, the flexibility will not be impaired.
For this purpose, for example, using boiled cocoon water to which a leaching agent has been added, the rapid denaturation point of sericin (the inflection point of the temperature-solubility curve of sericin) is around ℃°. As described below, by boiling the cocoons to a state where they can be refined by absorbing hot water into the cocoon cavity while preventing the degeneration of the sericles, the resulting cocoons can be stretched at a reeling tension of about 1 g/cocoon thread. The cocoon can be made into a cocoon that can be prevented from stretching and crystallization without any problem, and the cocoon can be made into a boiled cocoon that can be reeled without any problem even with the current automatic reeling machine.

In this case, according to the present invention, the obtained boiled cocoons must be in a state suitable for refining so that they can be reeled by an automatic reeling machine, that is, a certain amount or more of water must be absorbed into the cocoon cavity. For this purpose, methods commonly used in cocoon boiling operations such as contact vaporization and hot water absorption may be used. In this case, the temperature of the steam to be catalyzed is 100°C, but the temperature is 1
Even though some denaturation of sericin was theoretically observed in contact with steam at 00°C, it was not experimentally found to affect the flexibility of the raw silk obtained to the extent that it would become a problem. On the other hand, it is within the scope of the present invention to use 100p steam for steaming and hot water extraction for treatments suitable for refinement. Also, if we do not dare to use steam at 100°C, then the temperature will be 80°C.
One of the means is to suck water into the cocoon cavity under reduced pressure so that the cocoon water can reach a boiling state at a predetermined temperature that is below that temperature.

The boiled cocoons thus obtained are reeled by a reeling machine, and the feature of the present invention is that the reeled yarn is wound up with an oiling agent. Conventionally, the reeled yarn is wound around a small frame in an elongated state, and then left as it is.
As the raw silk is dried, strong bonds and adhesion occur between the four raw silk cocoon threads, which is one of the reasons for increasing the stiffness of the threads. In the present invention, while oiling is applied during reeling, flexibility is imparted to the yarn by preventing adhesion between the yarns and reducing the cohesiveness of the yarns. The oiling agent may be applied to the yarn during reeling before winding the small frame, and if necessary, an oiling agent may be added to the reeling bath. By applying oiling during reeling in this way, the bonding state of sericin molecules can remain in the same state as the wet state even after removing water, so even if small frame drying is performed, it will not be the same as in conventional reeling. No sticking of the threads due to drying of the small frame was observed. The oiling agent used for this is usually any oiling agent that is used for ordinary fibers and threads, including synthetic fibers, and is used to prevent sticking and impart flexibility. For example, a higher alcohol sulfate ester or the like is used. The raw silk yarn wound onto the small frame in this way is returned to the large frame and made into whole pieces according to a conventional method. It is characterized by steaming treatment, and this catalytic steaming treatment is carried out by bringing the whole into contact with steam. In the yarn obtained as described above, the bending of the fibrils in the amorphous part of the cocoon yarn is elongated due to the tensile force applied during the reeling and reeling process. However, by applying both moisture and thermal energy while this elongation is not fixed, the adhesion of sericin existing between the threads is loosened, and as a characteristic of viscoelastic substances, elongation is restored and the macroscopic When the silk is crimped, it becomes a flexible raw silk. This release of elongation is achieved by applying moisture and thermal energy to the raw silk at the same time, so hot water immersion requires steps such as immersion, dehydration, sorting, and drying. This method is not recommended because it requires complicated labor and long processing time, but at the final stage of the process, moist heat energy is applied by contacting the whole with steam, and after that, it can be pulled by simply leaving the handle alone. The process can be completed very easily from the beginning. This catalytic vaporization treatment is carried out by batch method.
A certain amount of raw silk may be brought into the steam chamber and exposed to steam, or a continuous method may be used in which the raw silk is continuously advanced through the steam atmosphere, or a suspended amount of raw silk may be Steam may be injected for contact vaporization, and these may be carried out arbitrarily as necessary.

As is clear from the above explanation, one of the features of the present invention is to reduce the degree of conjugation by minimizing the sticking of raw silk threads, and in the present invention, controlling the degree of conjugation with This factor is determined by the degree of denaturation of sericin during boiling cocoons, and the denaturation temperature of sericin, which is approximately 100°F or lower, is adopted as the boiling cocoon temperature. By doing this, the sericin is not modified, and in combination with the application of oiling in the reeling process, it is not stretched by a slight tensile tension and can prevent stretching crystallization, without losing flexibility. Furthermore, since the sericin in the raw silk obtained in this way has good solubility, it can be scoured quickly during the raw silk consumption process. It is capable of uniform scouring,
This prevents the appearance of stripes, steps, etc. in textiles,
Raw silk that can be dyed very well can be obtained.

As explained in detail above, according to the method of the present invention, cocoon threads are crimped in terms of molecular structure by boiling cocoon water containing a translucent disintegrating agent and by boiling cocoons at a low temperature of 50°F or below. While retaining its properties, dissolution and denaturation of sericin are restricted.
This, combined with the oiling during reeling, weakens the degree of adhesion of the raw silk threads on the small frame, and after being made whole, the bending of the fibrils in the amorphous part of the cocoon fibers imparted to the threads is It is free from elongation, has macroscopic crimp, and is extremely flexible.The flexibility of cocoon threads, for example, can be expressed numerically as Young's modulus, which can be obtained by conventional methods. Raw silk is 1;000m/d~+4.100#
/+-, whereas the raw silk obtained by the present invention is 800 m/ij to 900 #/mj.
Raw silk with extremely high flexibility can be easily obtained.

Next, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Example 1 A 0.5% aqueous solution of osgene (alkyl Φ aryl ether type nonionic activator) as a percolation dispersing agent was used as boiling cocoon water, the cocoon temperature was 75°C, and the degree of vacuum was 60011IV'Hg.
Boil the cocoon for 2 minutes for boiling time and 4 minutes for boiling cocoon, and then heat this side with cable wire temperature of 75℃, reeling water temperature of 35'0, and reeling speed of 110T.
At rL/min, run the Nissan HR automatic reeling machine at 8. The yarn was reeled using a conventional method. The number of ruts (one or more) was within the range that did not cause any abnormality in the sensing state of the fineness sensor, and the oiling at this time was performed as follows. A two-stage oiling device with a set of rollers was installed just in front of the small frame, and the roller rotation speed was 2.5 m/min. The oiling agents used were KOY 101, KOY 108 and KOY 50.
5 (both are processed emulsified oils of mixed oils of vegetable oil and sulfated oil using nonionic activators) and are an aqueous solution of 5.

The raw silk thus obtained is processed by a Shin-Masuzawa-type return machine at a large frame rotation speed of 180 times/min and an internal temperature of 35'O.
This was brought back to him by the usual method, and he was introduced here. Live steam (100° C.) was injected onto the whole for 8 minutes, and after steaming, it was left to dry. The physical properties of the raw silk thus obtained were as shown in Table 1.

Example 2 Using the same cocoon gutter as in Example 1 as a percolation dispersing agent, a progressive cocoon cocoon machine was used to immerse the cocoon for about 10 seconds, which is the time required to replace the air in the cocoon cavity with water vapor. After steaming, the raw silk was put into a boiling cocoon groove at 70°C to absorb hot water and boiled, and the physical properties of the raw silk obtained by reeling, hoisting, and contact steaming in the same manner as in Example 1 were evaluated in the second example. Shown as a table.

Table 1 Table 2 As can be seen from these tables, the raw silk obtained by the method of the present invention is extremely flexible compared to the conventional silk, as shown by the Young's modulus. For example,
It can be said that the Young's modulus of the cocoon filament in the form of a fresh cocoon is said to be about 700 to 901//-, indicating the same degree of flexibility. Similarly to Young's modulus, the dynamic elastic modulus is sometimes expressed as an indicator of the flexibility of raw silk, but as shown in the table, the raw silk obtained by the method of the present invention is highly flexible. It is clearly shown that there is. Furthermore, with regard to the strength and elongation, which is an indicator of the suitability of raw silk when using it as a knitting and weaving material, there is a slight decrease in cutting strength, but this level is completely unacceptable in practical terms. This did not cause any problems, and on the contrary, the elongation at break was significantly improved, which indicates that the yarn is easy to handle during weaving and knitting, and the covering properties of the obtained woven or knitted fabric are extremely excellent.

Patent applicant: Katakura Industries Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] The cocoons are boiled using boiling water with a translucent dispersing agent added at a temperature below 50°F, then wound onto a reeling frame while being oiled, and then returned to a large frame. A method for producing flexible raw silk, which is characterized by contacting steam with steam.