Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/39—Aldehyde resins; Ketone resins; Polyacetals
  • D06M15/41—Phenol-aldehyde or phenol-ketone resins
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S424/00—Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
  • Y10S424/02—Resin hair settings

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the treatment of animal fibers and products formed therefrom. More particularly, the invention is directed to a method of improving the physical and chemical properties of wool and other animal fibers, yarns, fabrics, knitted materials andfinished articles.
• Wool One of the most important of these materials is wool because of its warmth-insulating property its comfort of wearing and the ease with which it can be spun into fibers and fulled dur-- ing processing for certain purposes. Wool also has an appreciable resistance to acids which renders it suitable for certain types of clothing used in places where protection against acid is necessary. This acid-resisting property of wool renders it suitable for filter cloth and filter bags for the filtration of acid solutions, although its durability in this respect is limited and the treatment comprehended by the present invention makes it possible to use wool more intensively for certain purposes.
• casein dissolves in a dilute ammonia solution.
• Wool for example, hydrolyzes completely under proper conditions and may be dissolved when it is treated for one houiwith a 4% caustic soda solution at 50 C.
• the normal commercial casein thread dissolves only to a very limited extent, i. e., often less than 1%.
• Another object of this invention is the production of an improved animal fiber and articles formed therefrom which has been treated with a precondensation product of an aldehyde with resorcinol or with substituted resorcinols.
• an aqueous acid precondensation solution is prepared by dissolving resorcinol in an approximately 35% formaldehyde solution in a ratio of one gram-molecule of resorcinol to at least 6 gram-molecules of formaldehyde. By heating this solution at about 60 C. for about one-half hour, it is brought to the proper stage of precondensation.
• the pH of this concentrated resorcinol formaldehyde solution should be adjusted to a value between 4.5
• the solution is diluted with water until the concentration of the originally dissolved resorcinol is 0.5% to 1.0%.
• the pH value of this dilute solution should be adjusted to a value between 45 and 5.5, at which time it is in condition for the treatment of wool.
• the precondensation solution is very stable, i. e., the condensation process continues very slowly.
• the wool is treated with the precondensation solution by immersion, preferably at an increased temperature at about 40-45 C. It was determined that the precondensation product was substantively absorbed by the fibers. After centrifuging and drying the wool product is then heated above 100 0., preferably at about 105 C., for about one-half an hour, whereby the product is hardened.
• the precondensation solution must be acid and that a large excess of formaldehyde must be used, and although this preparation can be varied within wide limits, the pH value must be maintained within the limits given above, or otherwise the condensation reaction may continue to an undesired stage both in the concentrated solution and after dilution. If the pH value of the solution lies outside of the preferred range, this value can be corrected by the addition of weak alkalies or acids. If an acid is required, lactic acid is advisable.
• the quantity absorbed increases within certain limits with the temperature applied during the treatment, the concentration of the solution and the liquid ratio.
• the quantity to be absorbed can be predetermined and regulated by the proper selection of working conditions. In any case, it is advisable to use an excess of the precondensation product.
• These precondensation products can be used with beneficial results on wool fiock, immediately after washing the wool and also on yarns, fabrics, knitted materials and even on finished articles such as wool cloth out to size, filter cloth, woolen filter bags, woolen clothing, including protective clothing, woolen carpets, and also on other animal hairs such as horse hair, cow hair, hogs hair, felt from wool or hairs, and even fieeces.
• these materials are referred to hereinafter as keratinaceous animal fibers, this term being employed to refer to such fibers whether present in the form of fibers as such or as finished articles including such fibers.
• Examples 1 and 2 were conducted under identically the same conditions with the exception that a substituted resorcinol was used instead of resorcinol, namely, 1-3-dihydroxy-6-chloro-benzene was used. In this case the quantities were modified in accordance with the difference in molecular weight between resorcinol and its substitution product.
• EXAMPLE 3 A dilute precondensation solution was prepared fffgg im gz by dissolving 5 parts of resorcinol in 40 parts of a 36% formaldehyde solution. The solution was dry Wet dry wet adjusted to a pH of 3.4 and heated for 30 minutes at 60 0. and finally diluted with cold water. kg. km W M This precondensation solution contained 10 untreated 4.3 3.5 5.0 2.2 grams of resorcinol and 80 grams of forinaldetreated hyde solution per liter calculated on the original chemicals. Finished woolen articles, 1.
• the solution was (hypochlonte) djusted to a p of heated at f
• the treated and untreated material was sub- 30 minutes and diluted with water.
• This solution 30 jected t a very intensive chlorine treatment contain d 5 em 0 f r s l and 40 grams of (bleaching operation).
• formaldehyde solutlon per liter calculated on the hi was somewhat exaggerated the untreated original chemicals.
• a fulled felt was introduced t i l Showed a number of large holes While to a p e f 25 s as m1 10h 0f the treated material still had a good appearance.
• the felt was treated in thlsvat at intensive treatment, the strengths f strips of 35 o. for 6 hours. The felt was then centr fug the treated and. untreated material were measagain exposed to the impregnating solution for a, d are as follows; 30 minutes, centrifuged a second time and dried in the air, and after this, completely dried at 70 I C. Finally, the felt was hardened in a hot air t l ii w l tttif current at 105 C.
• the strip strength found at the places exposed to abrasion of the untreated and treated wool material were as follows:
• strip strength (average of 4 determinations) of untreated material 1.3 kg. Strip strength (average of 4 determinations) of treated material 4.5 kg.
• sample marked in blue refers to the material treated with formaldehyde only, whereas the sample marked in red has been treated with the precondensation products of resorcinol and formaldehyde.
• the fibers show practically no tendency to stick together, and as a result of which the products exhibit a remarkable softness.
• a process of improving the physical and chemical properties of keratinaceous animal fibers which comprises the steps of treating the fibers with a weakly acidic solution containing precondensation products of (a) formaldehyde and (b) a compound of the class consisting of resorcinol and chloro-substituted resorcinols in the preparation of which at least six mols of (a) per mol of (b) are employed, centrifuging the thus treated fibers and drying the same by heating.
• precondensation products are of formaldehyde and resorcinol.
• steps which comprise dissolving (b) a compound of the class consisting of resorcinol and chloro-substituted resorcinols in an aqueous acid solution of (a) formaldehyde having a pH value between 5 and 2.8, the molecular ratio of (a) to (b) being at least 6:1, heating the solution to a temperature of the order of 60 C.
• precondensation products are of formaldehyde and resorcinol.
• steps which comprise dissolving (b) a compound of the class consisting of resorcinol and chloro-substituted resorcinols in an aqueous acid solution of (a) formaldehyde having a pH value between 5 and 2.8, the molecular ratio of (a) to (b) being at least 6:1, heating the solution to a temperature of the order of 60 C.
• steps which comprise dissolving (b) a compound of the class coni sisting of resorcinol and chloro-substituted resorcinois in an aqueous acid solution of (a) formaldehyde having a pH value between 5 and 2.8, the molecular ratio of (a) to (b) being at least 6:1, heating the solution to a temperature of the order of 60 C.
• steps which comprise dissolving (b) a compound of the class consisting of resorcinol and chloro-substituted resorcinols in an aqueous acid solution of (a) formaldehyde having a pH value between 5 and 2.8 and in which at least 6 mols of (a) per mol of (b) are used, heating the solution at about 60 C.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)

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Publications (1)

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Citations (5)

• 0
  • NL NL62727D patent/NL62727C/xx active
  • FR FR964602D patent/FR964602A/fr not_active Expired
  • BE BE481854D patent/BE481854A/xx unknown
• 1947
  • 1947-09-25 GB GB26076/47A patent/GB639155A/en not_active Expired
• 1948
  • 1948-02-18 US US9333A patent/US2519842A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1948-04-19 CH CH266614D patent/CH266614A/de unknown
  • 1948-10-09 DE DEP17630A patent/DE808705C/de not_active Expired

Patent Citations (5)

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