US2507531A - Fashioned fabric, hosiery, and method of production - Google Patents

Fashioned fabric, hosiery, and method of production Download PDF

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Publication number
US2507531A
US2507531A US696445A US69644546A US2507531A US 2507531 A US2507531 A US 2507531A US 696445 A US696445 A US 696445A US 69644546 A US69644546 A US 69644546A US 2507531 A US2507531 A US 2507531A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
loops
needle
needles
coursewise
loop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US696445A
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English (en)
Inventor
Donald C Mack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Julius Kayser & Co
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Julius Kayser & Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE477596D priority Critical patent/BE477596A/xx
Priority to NL75126D priority patent/NL75126C/xx
Priority to GB9783/44A priority patent/GB659792A/en
Application filed by Julius Kayser & Co filed Critical Julius Kayser & Co
Priority to US696446A priority patent/US2507532A/en
Priority to US696445A priority patent/US2507531A/en
Priority to GB25058/47A priority patent/GB659816A/en
Priority to GB31571/47A priority patent/GB659821A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2507531A publication Critical patent/US2507531A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B11/00—Straight-bar knitting machines with fixed needles
    • D04B11/06—Straight-bar knitting machines with fixed needles with provision for narrowing or widening to produce fully-fashioned goods
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/22—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration
    • D04B1/24—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel
    • D04B1/26—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes specially adapted for knitting goods of particular configuration wearing apparel stockings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B9/00—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B9/42—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration
    • D04B9/46—Circular knitting machines with independently-movable needles specially adapted for producing goods of particular configuration stockings, or portions thereof

Definitions

  • My invention is an improved method of narrowing and fashioning knit fabrics and the product thereof, which are particularly suitable for use as blanks for hosiery.
  • a web composed of loops arranged in regular wales and courses may be knit in any usual manner, and in accordance with my invention is narrowed coursewise by overlapping loops of numerous pairs of adjoining wales so as to form a substantially straight coursewise row of adjoining marks each composed of a pair of overlapped loops; the mark centers being spaced coursewise from one another substantially the same distance that the centers of individual loops were originally spaced from one another.
  • the loops of each pair are held overlapped and the pairs are positioned in proximate, juxtaposed relation to one another by drawing a row of holding loops simultaneously through the pairs of gathered loops, thereby materially reducing the length of the course without appreciably puckering the adjacent web area.
  • Knitting may be thereafter continued in any usual manner to form a further web section, such as a foot section, or to provide raveling courses or seaming courses if the narrowing is required at a terminal of the web, as, for instance, at the terminals of heel tabs or at the point of the toe of a stocking blank.
  • My invention may be conveniently practiced on a conventional full-fashioned knitting machine having a row or bank of en masse movable knitting needles and narrowing combs comprising groups of points movable coursewise into alignment with needles and lengthwise of the needles to lift loops therefrom or deposit loops thereon.
  • a comb containing a group of narrowing points is shifted coursewise step by step along the bank of knitting needles and in the same direction into alignment with looped knitting needles so that each successive coursewise movement to the comb brings its leading point into alignment with a different looped needle.
  • the points are dipped and elevated to reciprocate them along the lengths of the needles and lift loops from the needles by one reciprocation and deposit loops on the needles by the next reciprocation of the points.
  • Fig. l is a somewhat diagrammatic elevation of a single unit stocking embodying my invention
  • Fig. 2 illustrates diagrammaticaly the shaping of the heel portion of a single unit hosiery blank by the coursewise narrowing of such blank in accordance with my invention
  • Fig. 3 is a fragmentary diagrammatic plan view of a foot section of a single unit hosiery blank from which the stocking of Fig. 1 was made
  • Fig. 4 is ,a diagrammatic plan View of the heel tabs and adjacent portion of a leg blank for making a two-unit stocking
  • Fig. 5 is a key to the symbols used in Fig. 6 to indicate the numbers of loops on the respective needles
  • Fig. 6 is a key to the symbols used in Fig. 6 to indicate the numbers of loops on the respective needles
  • FIG. 6 illustrates diagrammatically part of a row of knitting needles arranged in a conventionally operable bar anda group of narrowing points and indicates the lift- Ling, coursewise shifting, and deposit of yarn loops on such needles the practice of my invention
  • Figs. '7 to 12 illustrate diagrammatically the approximate positions the loops of the narrowed course would occupy if the needles were withdrawn from the loops after the various narrowing steps indicated in Fig. 6
  • Fig. 13 illustrates diagrammatically the narrowed courses and adjacent courses of the blanks of Figs. 1 to 4 inclusive.
  • Figs. 1-3 of the drawing I have illustrated the embodiment of my invention in a single unit stocking having a fashioned leg section I, a. reenforced heel section 2, a reenforced sole section 3, and a reenforced toe section 4.
  • Fig. 4 I have illustrated the embodiment of my invention in the terminal portions of the heel tabs of a leg blank which is to be topped. onto a footer machine for making a foot section of a two unit stocking.
  • the blanks for single unit stockings maybe conveniently knitted on conventional full-fashioned knitting machines having attachments for widening out and reenforclng portions 5 of the blank to form a heel pocket, as described, for example, in Letters Patent of the United States method of widening out the blank to form-a heel portion may be employed.
  • a single unit blank has been widened out to the maximum width desired, at, say, the point 5, Fig. 2, a number of courses ofsuch width are knitted sufiicient to provide the requisite fabric for a heel pocket.
  • Such number of courses required will, of course, vary widely with the size and type of the stocking.
  • the widened out heel portion is knit its maximum width for a suitable length and is then abruptly narrowed along a somewhat loose terminal course 25 by narrowings forming rows of marks extending coursewise, and along substantially straight lines extending substantially from the selvage edges on the opposite sides of the blank inward to the inner edges of the reenforced heel area.
  • Two unit stockings knit in any usual manner may have my invention embodied in the toes thereof in the same manner as in single unit stockings and in the terminal courses of the heel tabs as indicated in Fig. 4, wherein 25b indicates narrowed loose courses at the ends of the heel tabs and 2572 indicates holding courses similar to the courses 25 and 26 and effecting a fashioning and curving of the selvages :and wales similar to that in the reenforced widened heel section of Fig. 2.
  • Figs. 5 to 14 The fashioning of knit fabric in accordance with my invention by narrowing a course, such as 25, 25a or 25b, is diagrammatically illustrated in Figs. 5 to 14, inclusive.
  • a web has been knit by means of an en masse movable bank of needles 10, H, l2, [3, M, [5, I6, I1, I23, I9, of a fulliashioned knitting machine to a point where narrowing is desired Or required, and the loops a, b, d, f, h, i, 7'. forming part of the fell row of loops of the fabric are on the respective needles IE to I53 inclusive, as shown in row A of Fig.
  • the course is narrowed by means of a series of narrowing points 2!], 2i, 22, 23, 24, such as the ordinary narrowing comb of a lull-fashioned knitting machine.
  • the comb may be operated manually but is preferably operated by a 2:; suitably timed mechanism for imparting to the Nos. 2,298,302 or 2,402,200. Any other suitable narrowing points a sequence of movements in a co nsewise direction'along the needles 50! 9 and a sequence of movements transverse thereto and rectilineally of the length of the needles.
  • Each coursewise shift of the narrowing points is 'followed'by a vertical reciprocation of the narrowing points, and such reciprocations alternately lift a "loop or'loops from the needles and deposit the picked up loop or loops on other needles spaced coursewise from the needle or needles from which the loop or loops were lifted.
  • the narrowing'point 20 has been shifted leftward from beyond the active bank. of needles l0 to 19 into alignment with a looped needle M at o adjacent to a salvage of the fabric being knit.
  • the point 29 is dipped along the needle !0 within the fell loop a, and is then raised to lift the loop a clear of the needle it.
  • the comb on which the points are mounted is then shifted leftward coursewise a distance of one needle to bring the point 20, with the loop a.
  • the comb is then dipped to move the point 2%!- along the needle 12 within the loop c and to move the point 2! along the needle ll within the loops a and b.
  • the comb is then raised to cause the points 20 and 2! to pick up and lift the loops c, b, a, engaged thereby and clear the needles H and 12.
  • the comb is then again shifted coursewise leftward a distance of one needle to bring points 20 and 2! into alignment with the respective needles 5 and i2, and the comb is dipped to deposit the loop 0 ore;- the loop (I on the needle and to deposit the loops (1 and b on the vacant needle l2, as shown on line of. Fig.
  • the comb is again raised to free the points from the loops and shifted coursewise leftward a disthe point 2
  • the comb is then dipped to move the points 20, 2! and 22 along the respective needles l4, I3 and. 12, re spectively, within the loop 6, the loop group d, c and the loop group, b, a.
  • the comb is then raised to cause the points 2'0, 2! and 22 to pick up the respective loops engaged thereby and lift them clear of the needles I 4, l3 and I2.
  • the comb is again shifted coursewise leftward a distance of, one needle to bring the point 20 into alignment with the needle IE, to bring the point 2i into alignment with the needle l4, and to bring the point 22 into alignment with the needle IS.
  • the comb is then dipped to move the points 20, 2! and 22 along the needles M, [5 and I3 to de posit the loop e from the point 29 over the loop on the needle 55, to deposit the loops (1 and c on the vacant needle l4, and to deposit the loops 1), a on the vacant needle l3, as indicated in line F of Fig. 6, so that if the needles were removed the loops a to would form three consecutive gathered groups of loops, as indicated in Fig. 10.
  • the comb is again raised to cause the points to clear the deposited loops and shifted coursewise leftward one needle to bring the point 2!! into alignment with the looped needle 16, to bring the point 2
  • the comb is then dipped to move the points 28-43 lengthwise along the lengths of the respective needles lfi-IS respectively within the loop 9, the pairs of loops fe, do and be on such needles.
  • the comb is then raised to cause the points to pick up the respective loops on the needles 45-4 3 and lift them clear of these needles.
  • the comb is then again shifted coursewise leftward a distance of one needle to align the points 20-23 with the respective needles I?M.
  • the comb is then dipped to move the points 2ll23 along the needles 11-44 and deposit the loop 9 from the point 2B over the loop h on the needle l1, to deposit the loops 1, e from the point 2! on the vacant needle "5, to deposit the loops (1, c from the point 22 on the vacant needle l5, and to deposit the loops 1), a
  • the comb is then again raised to cause the points to clear the deposited loops and shifted coursewise leftward a distance of one needle so as to bring the point 2! into alignment with the looped needle 53 and to bring the points 2l-23 and an additional point 24 into action in alignment with the double looped needles
  • the comb is dipped to move the needles 2024 downward along the needles l8-Hl inclusive within the loops thereon.
  • the comb is then raised to pick up the loop 1' from the needle I 8, the loops h, g from the needle H, the loops 1, e from the needle Hi, the loops d, c from the needle l5, and the loops 1), a from the needle M and lift these loops above the needles.
  • the comb is again shifted coursewise leftward a distance of one needle to bring the points fill-2 into alignment Withthe respective needles ill-I5.
  • the comb is dipped to move the points 2lI-24 downward along the needles l9 to l 5 and deposit the loop 2' over the loop j on the needle 19, to deposit the loops h, g on the needle I8, to deposit the loops 1, e on the needle I1, to deposit the loops d, c on the needle l6 and to deposit the loops b, a, on the needle [5, as indicated in line J of Fig. 6, so that if the needles were removed the fell course would contain juxtaposed pairs of loops composed respectively of gathered loops ii, ho, is, do, ba.
  • Narrowing is continued in the same manner until the course has been sufficiently narrowed to produce a row of narrowing marks extending coursewise across the wales substantially on a straight line normal to the wales and at a sharp angle to the selvage of the fabric, thereby fashioning the fabric in a manner resulting in a sharp bend or curvature in the wales adjacent to the selvage and a diminishing degree of curvature in the wales progressively remote from the selvage.
  • Knitting may be then continued in any usual manner to any desired extent and a subsequent course, close to or remote from the course 25, may be narrowed in the same manner when additional narrowing and fashioning is desired or required.
  • courses 25 at the end of the heel widening may be narrowed across the major portions or substantially the entire Widths of the heel reinforced sections of the blank, and the knitting of the foot continued in the usual manner after the course 26 has been knit until I the extremity of the toe is reached.
  • the fell course of loops forming a terminus of the toe section may be then narrowed inward from each selvage in the manner illustrated in Figs. 6 to 13, inclusive, and the narrowed course held in narrowed condition by a course 26 and one or more seaming courses or raveling courses.
  • terminal courses 25b of heel tabs may be narrowed in the same manner to impart a curve to the bottom of the heel.
  • the heel tabs are then topped on a footer and the foot section knit in the usual manner until the extremity of the toe is reached, which may then be narrowed in the manner described.
  • Either a single unit blank or a two unit blank formed as described may be seamed from toe to welt without the need of looping.
  • each of the loops a-zi, inclusive will ordinarily include yarns laid by the main carrier and reenforcing carrier, and that the term "loop includes all the yarns laid by the main carrier and reenforcing carrier and initially looped around a needle.
  • a knit fabric stocking blank having loops forming wales and courses and having heel and sole sections with substantially flat, unpuckered, areas divided .from one another by rows of he rowing marks each composed of a loop group,each
  • a knit fabric hosiery blank having loops forming wales and courses of a reinforced foot section, the loops in pairs of adjacent wales being overlapped coursewise on one another and forming at least three adjacent narrowing marks on each side of the fabric and in the same course and forming a substantially straight coursewise row of narrowing marks extending along a line substantially normal to the adjacent wales and across a major portion of the reinforced foot section, and a subsequent course interlooped with the foregoing course and comprising loops holding together the loops of the several overlapped groups and narrowing the'fabric, the overlapped loops of the narrowed course and the loops of the subsequent course having substantially the same center to center spacing.
  • a method of narrowing a knit fabric having a course of loops on the needles of an en masse movable bank which comprises shifting .agroup of loop-engaging points coursewise step by step along said bank and into alignment with needles thereof, each successive coursewise movement being of uniform extent and bringing an additional needle into alignment with a point of said group, dipping and raising said points along needles aforesaid after each coursewise shift, lifting one or more loops from the needles by the points after alternate shifts and depositing loops on the needles from the points after intermediate shifts and increasing by the loops from two Wales the number of loops lifted by the points after a shift over the number of loops deposited from the points after aprevious shift.
  • a method of narrowing a knit fabric having a course of loops on needles of an en masse movable bank which comprises shifting a group of loop-engaging points coursewise step by step along said bank of needles, each of the successive coursewise shifts being of the same extent and aligning said points with needles aforesaid, dipping and raising said points along needles aforesaid after each coursewise shift to alternately lift loops from needles aforesaid and depositing the lifted loops on other needles aforesaid, the number of needles from which loops are successively lifted by the points varying in an arithmetical progression.
  • a method of narrowing a knit fabric which comprises knitting a web having loops forming Wales and courses, shiftingcoursewise-aloop of a course over an adjoining 'loop to form a narrowing mark, then shifting coursewise and in the same direction a loop adjacent to said narrowing mark over anadjoining loop to form a second narrowing mark and simultaneously shifting coursewise and to a similar extent the loops, forming the'first narrowing mark, and so on successively shifting coursewise a loop adjacent to a last formed narrowing mark over an adjacent loop to form an additional narrowing mark and simultaneously shifting coursewise in the same direction and to a similar extent the loops constituting the previously formed narrowing marks, and drawing a new course of loops simultaneously through the pairs of loops forming said narrowing marks to position the same and substantially narrow the fabric.
  • a knit fabric having loops forming wales and courses and including a course containing adjacent groups of overlapped loops forming at least three adjoining narrowing marks on each side of the fabric, each group including loops of two wales only, and a course interlooped with said last-named course and comprising loops spaced center-to-center substantially the same distance as the original center-to-center spacing of said first-named loops before the overlapping thereof and said second-named loops holding together said groups so as to substantially halve the width of the fabric section immediately following the overlapped loops as compared with the width of the fabric section immediately preceding the overlapped loops.
  • steps' which comprise moving a group of loop-engaging points coursewise in uniform, successive steps and into alignment with needles aforesaid, raising and lowering said points to lift and deposit loops aforesaid, said points being devoid of loops during alternatecoursewise movements thereof and carrying loops coursewise during intermediate coursewise movements thereof to group loops aforesaid, and drawing yarn through adjacent groups to form loops spaced center-to-center substantially the same'distance as the center-to-center spacing of the first-named loops before the coursewise shifting thereof.
  • the method which. consists in knitting a'flat stocking blank to include a half heel portion at each side thereof, progressively transferring a group of knitted stitches inwardly from the outer selvage edge of each half heel portion to the extent-of one needle in each of a plurality of successive transfer steps in a single course of stitches in each half heel portion to foreshorten said course and produce a puckering of the fabric therein, and knitting a course of stitches tosaid foreshortened course.
  • the method of narrowing a knitted fabric while needle loops of a single course are carried by a series of needles, which comprises delivering the loop on the outside needle inwardly onto the next inwardly positioned needle to form a double loop thereon, simultaneously delivering the outermost single loop and the said double loop inwardly by one needle to form two double loops, simultaneously delivering the outermost single loop and all of the double loops inwardly each by one needle, and repeating the sameaction-until the fabric has been narrowed to the desired extent.
  • the method of changing the width of the knitted fabric between successive knitting courses which comprises moving said combs laterally in cycles and repeating such cycles a plurality of times, each. cycle comprising two movements of each comb in one direction all of said movement being of equal extents, and
  • a method of narrowing a knit fabric having a course of loops on the needles of an en masse movable bank which comprises shifting a group of loop engaging points coursewise step by step the distance of one needle at a time along said bank and into alignment with needles thereof, each successive coursewise movement bringing a point aforesaid into alignment with an additional needle, dipping and raising said points along needles aforesaid after each coursewise shift, said points being free of loops during certain of their coursewise shifts and carrying loops during other of their coursewise shifts.
  • the method 20 of changing the width of the knitted fabric between successive knitting courses which com- 10 prises moving said combs laterally in cycles and repeating such cycle a plurality of times, each cycle comprising two movements of each comb in one direction, all of said movements being of equal extents, and causing said combs when moving in the first only of the two times in each cycle to transfer loops from needle to needle.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
  • Socks And Pantyhose (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
US696445A 1943-09-09 1946-09-12 Fashioned fabric, hosiery, and method of production Expired - Lifetime US2507531A (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE477596D BE477596A (is") 1943-09-09
NL75126D NL75126C (is") 1943-09-09
GB9783/44A GB659792A (en) 1943-09-09 1944-05-20 Improvements in fashioned fabric, hosiery and method of production therefor
US696446A US2507532A (en) 1943-09-09 1946-09-12 Knitting
US696445A US2507531A (en) 1943-09-09 1946-09-12 Fashioned fabric, hosiery, and method of production
GB25058/47A GB659816A (en) 1943-09-09 1947-09-12 Improvements in fashioned knitted fabric, hosiery and method of production thereof
GB31571/47A GB659821A (en) 1943-09-09 1947-11-28 Improvements in fashioned knitted fabric, hosiery and method of production thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US659792XA 1943-09-09 1943-09-09
US696445A US2507531A (en) 1943-09-09 1946-09-12 Fashioned fabric, hosiery, and method of production

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US2507531A true US2507531A (en) 1950-05-16

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US696445A Expired - Lifetime US2507531A (en) 1943-09-09 1946-09-12 Fashioned fabric, hosiery, and method of production

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US (1) US2507531A (is")
BE (1) BE477596A (is")
GB (3) GB659792A (is")
NL (1) NL75126C (is")

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2591659A (en) * 1946-07-10 1952-04-01 Textile Machine Works Full-fashioned knitting machine
US2757528A (en) * 1954-03-15 1956-08-07 Chadbourn Gotham Inc Heel structure for full fashioned hosiery and method of forming same
US2759117A (en) * 1952-05-16 1956-08-14 Farrand Optical Co Inc Electron lens
CN115538018A (zh) * 2022-10-21 2022-12-30 上官金辉 一种电脑横机的锁口方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE19843E (en) * 1936-02-04 G gastrich
US2239593A (en) * 1938-05-09 1941-04-22 Raalte Company Inc Van Hosiery
GB558301A (en) * 1942-07-21 1943-12-30 George Blackburn & Sons Ltd Improvements in the method of making stockings and in machines therefor

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE19843E (en) * 1936-02-04 G gastrich
US2239593A (en) * 1938-05-09 1941-04-22 Raalte Company Inc Van Hosiery
GB558301A (en) * 1942-07-21 1943-12-30 George Blackburn & Sons Ltd Improvements in the method of making stockings and in machines therefor

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2591659A (en) * 1946-07-10 1952-04-01 Textile Machine Works Full-fashioned knitting machine
US2759117A (en) * 1952-05-16 1956-08-14 Farrand Optical Co Inc Electron lens
US2757528A (en) * 1954-03-15 1956-08-07 Chadbourn Gotham Inc Heel structure for full fashioned hosiery and method of forming same
CN115538018A (zh) * 2022-10-21 2022-12-30 上官金辉 一种电脑横机的锁口方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB659821A (en) 1951-10-31
NL75126C (is")
GB659792A (en) 1951-10-31
GB659816A (en) 1951-10-31
BE477596A (is")

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