US2484764A

US2484764A - Hydraulic checking hinge

Info

Publication number: US2484764A
Application number: US35640A
Authority: US
Inventors: Alfred J Swanson
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1948-06-28
Filing date: 1948-06-28
Publication date: 1949-10-11
Anticipated expiration: 1966-10-11

Description

Oct. 11, 1949. 'SWANSON HYDRAULIC CHECKING HINQE Filed June 28, 1948 2 Sheets-Sheet l FIG.

4IA 2O 7O 43 I8 19 IINVENTOR ALFRED J. SWANSON BY ATTORNEY A. J. swANsoN HYDRAULIC CHECKING HINGE 2 Shee'ts-Sheet 2 FIG. 6.

FIG. 7.

zv s

ENVENTOR ATTORNEY Oct. 11, 1949.

Filed June 28, 1948 FIG. 3.

' FIG. 4.

Patented Oct. 11, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HYDRAULIC CHECKING HINGE Alfred J. Swanson, Hollywood, Calif.

Application June 28, 1948, Serial No. 35,640

4 Claims. (01. 16-54) This invention relates to door closure control devices and in particular to adjustable control means for an hydraulic checking door hinge.

One object of my invention is to provide hydraulic means for controlling the movement of a door particularly as it approaches the latching position. Another object of my invention is to provide adjustable dash-pot means in an hydraulic checking hinge for controlling the movement of a hinge-supported door particularly. near the .closed or latching position of the door.

These and other objects are attained by my invention which will be understood from the following description and the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation view partly in section and with parts broken away of a preferred form of my hydraulic checking hinge;

Fig. 2 is a side elevational View showing a renewable cartridge containing my hydraulic mechanism adapted to be mounted in the half casings attached to the butts;

Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1;

Fig. '7 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary side elevational view taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 1, of the indexing marks at the joint between the upper and lower casings; and

Fig. 10 is an end elevational view of the adjusting worm gear of Fig. 6.

In general, my invention relates to a door hinge having an hydraulic checking mechanism for controlling the angular movement of a door and in particular to the control means near the latching position of a door. It is desirable that the door be retarded to low speed in the last five to ten angular degrees, and that it then go into the latched position positively but without banging. The dash pot type control which I have found to be particularly effective, and whose construction lends itself to economy of production, is illustrated in connection with a removable cartridge type door hinge in which the checking mechanism is 'enclosed in a removable cartridge which is operatively encased in the cavities of the outer part-casings attached respectively to one of the two hinge leaves of each hinge.

The removable cartridge ll containing the hydraulic checking mechanism is seated, up to the central collar .13 formed thereon, in the cavity of the lower outer half-casing M to which is attached the leaf W. The upper half-casing l6 encloses, to the collar l3, the upper part of the cylindrical cartridge to which is attached the other leaf ll, said upper half-casing 16 being non-rotatably attached to the hexagonal upper end I8 of the hinge pin l9 by means of a hexagonal hole 20 in the closed upper end of the half-casing IS. The cartridge l l is adjustably held against turning in the cavity of the lower half-casing [4 by the helical pinion or worm 2| which is mounted in the cylindrical hole 22 drilled in the juncture of the casing with the lower leaf, at right angles to the axis of the cartridge, .50 that the helical threads extend to engage teeth 23 in thecollar l3 of the cartridge.

The worm or helical pinion 2| is held in the hole 22 by means of the apertured retaining washer 24, which is held in the cavity against one end of the pinion by peening or pressing the edge of the cavity over the washer, or otherwise fastening the washer to the lower leaf. The pinion 21 is conveniently provided with a hexagonal socket 25 which may be turned by means of a suitable tool inserted through the opening 26 of the washer 24.

Indexing marks

14 and 15 may be provided on the collar l3 and the adjacent surface of the lower half-casing M.

The central collar l3 of the cartridge is provided with teeth 23 adapted for engagement with the helical threads of the pinion 21. By turning the pinion 2!, the radial position of the hydraulic cartridge ll relativeto the lower leaf l5 may be fixed. After the adjustment is made, the pinion 2| acts as a key to prevent the cartridge II from turning in the lower half-casing I4, so that the hydraulic checking mechanism will function to control the movement of the hinge.

The hydraulic mechanism is enclosed in the hydraulic cartridge unit H which consists of a cylindricalcartridge housing 12 provided in its central portion with an outwardly extending collar l3. The hexagonal extension it of the hinge pin I9 extends above the cap 29 which closes the upper end of the cartridge housing l2. In the opposite end of the cartridge housing l2, there is provided a bottom closure 3| having a bearing 32 for the hinge pin 19.

The hydraulic checking mechanism consists of a rotary piston '34 forming a continuation of the hinge pin I 9 in a cylindrical working chamber 35 having a segmental partition member or dam 35. The working chamber 35 is formed by the inner surface of the cartridge housing [2, the radial faces of the dam 36, the bottom closing member 3! and the upper closing surface consisting of the bottom 38 of the reservoir bushing 39. The bearin for the lower end of the hinge pin I9 is formed by reducing the diameter of the hinge pin below the piston 34, to fit a hole in the closing member 5i for the cartridge housing. The rotation of the hinge pin l9 causes the angular movement therewith of the rotary piston 34 in the working chamber 35 from one edge of the dam 36 to the other edge, the dam 36 extending from the wall of the cartridge housing l2 to the surface of the hinge pin [9.

One edge or radial face of th piston 34 is provided with a tongue 45, preferably in the outer or peripheral portion, and also preferably extending for the full length of the working chamber 35, which is adapted to project into a corresponding slot 4'6 in the dam 35. The arcuate face of the groove 46 is tapered from a wider opening at the entrance 4'! down to a close fit with the tongue 45 at the bottom of the groove 48, so that as the tongue moves into the groove, it fits closer and closer therein, and gradually retards the movement of the piston without jolting by a too sudden change in hydraulic friction.

As the piston 36 moves toward the slot 46, the hydraulic fluid is forced through several controlled conduits which act to regulate the hydraulic friction in the movement of the hydraulic fluid from one side of the pistonto the other. The metering pin 40 is disposed in a hole 4! concentric with and in the center of the hinge pin l9 At right angles to the hinge pin is provided a bypass conduit 42 through the hinge pin, the metering pin 40 in the portion adjacent the conduit 62 being tapered so that the flow of hydraulic fluid may be regulated by the endwise movement of the metering pin 40. The pin 40 is positioned endwise by the threaded end 43 which engages the threads 44 in the hole MA in the upper part of the hinge pin. A one-way bypass (Fig. 6) from one side of the piston to the other is provided by the hole 50 through the piston from the forward face 49 of the tongue 45 to the opposite radial face of the piston 34, the hole being provided with a ball 52 in a seat 53 and held in place by a retainer 54. When the piston 34 is moved counter clockwise (as shown), hydraulic liquid flows freely from the closed side of the working chamber to the open side of the working chamber. When the piston is moved in the opposite direction, the ball 52 is forced into the seat 53 and shuts off the flow of hydraulic fluid.

In the final closing movement, the hydraulic friction is controlled by the latching valve 51 (shown particularly in Fig. 5). The metering pin 4 0 extends beyond the tapered portion adjacent the conduit 42, and adjacent the duct 58 which leads from the periphery of the hinge pin is, to the axial hole 4| therein. The metering pin extension rod 59 is provided with side slots 60 on opposite sides of the rod 59. The axial hole 4| at the position of the slots SE] is connected by a duct El to the forward face 49 of the tongue 45. By turning the metering pin 40, by use of the screw driver slot 62 in the threaded end 43, through not more than one-half turn, the latching valve 51 may be adjusted to any desired opening, thus regulating the hydraulic friction of the liquid passing from the space between the tongue 45 and the corresponding groove 46 during the latching. The change in the metering valve opening, brought about by this less than a half turn for full adjustment of the latching valve, is negligible, because of the low pitch on the threads in the threaded end 43.

The arrangement thus described provides for the initial controlled but relatively free closing of the hinge and the attached door by suitable actuating means until the door approaches the fully closed position, at which position the movement is gradually decelerated by the movement the tongue 45 into the tapered groove 46, with the hydraulic resistance being regulated by the latching valve 57, so that the latch on the door goes into the latch plate on the door casing without slamming of the door.

The non-pressure reserve hydraulic liquid reservoir consists of an annular space in the upper part of the housing l2 between the reservoir bushing 39 and the hinge pin I9. The reservoir is connected hydraulically with the working chamber by means of check-valved orifices 3T, one on each side of the piston. The reservoir bushing is held in place within the cartridge housing by means of locking

rings

64 and 65. The top portion of the reservoir is closed by the closing cap 29, and

sleeve bearings

66 and 61 are provided between the hinge pin and the closing cap 29, a rubber O ring 68 being provided around the hinge pin between the bearings 6'6 and 61 to prevent leakage of hydraulic liquid. The radial position of the reservoir bushing is fixed by means of the key 69 in suitably placed holes in the reservoir bushing 39 and the dam 36. A closing cap 10 is provided at the upper end of the opening in the hexagonal extension l8 of the hinge pin it.

The advantages of my improved control means for regulating the latching movement will be apparent. Accurate adjustment of the hydraulic friction may be readily made by simply turning the metering pin through less than thereby controlling the flow of liquid through the latching valve.

The dash pot type retardation at the latchin portion of the cycle of movement obviates the requirement of excessively accurate fitting of the parts. It also overcomes the otherwise reduced hydraulic friction due to slight bending of the hinge pin or shaft under the large hydraulic pressures encountered in the hydraulic system. Most important, it positively prevents banging of the door regardless of wind or draft conditions, or the effects of reduced friction of the hydraulic liquid due to high temperatures.

Reference is made to my co-pending applications Ser. Nos. 714,704 now Patent No. 2,469,447 dated May 10, 1949, and 714,705, both filed December '7, 1946, the worm gear adjusting device for the cartridge, which is disclosed herein, constituting the subject matter of the former application; and the spring disk detent means shown but not described herein constituting the subject matter of the latter application.

I claim:

1. In an hydraulic checking hinge of the type described including a pair ofleaves adapted for attachment to a closure and to a closure-mounting frame; an elongated cylindrical casing, a concentric shaft rotatably mounted in said casing and having a shaft extension protruding from the upper end thereof whereby a working 5, chamber is provided in the annular space within said casing around said shaft, said casing and said shaft extension being operatively connected to said pair of leaves to hingedly turn on said shaft as a hinge pin; a fixed segmental partition in said Working chamber, one radial face thereof being provided with an elongated longitudinal slot; and a movable segmental rotary piston connected to said shaft and adapted to move with said shaft in said working chamber,said piston on the face opposite said slotted partition face having a protruding tongue adapted to extend into said partition slot at the end of the movement of said piston in one direction.

2. In an hydraulic checking hinge of the type described including a pair of leaves adapted for attachment to a closure and to a closure-mounting frame, an elongated cylindrical casing, a concentric shaft rotatably mounted in said casing and having a shaft extension protruding from the upper end thereof whereby a Working chamber is provided in the annular space within said casing around said shaft, said casing and said shaft extension being operatively connected to said pair of leaves to hingedly turn on said shaft as a hinge pin; a fixed segmental partition in said working chamber, one radial face thereof being provided with an elongated longitudinal slot; a movable segmental rotary piston con-- nected to .said shaft and adapted to move with said shaft in said working chamber, said piston on the face opposite said slotted partition face having a protruding tongue adapted to extend into said partition slot at the end of the movement of said piston in one direction and said tongue being provided With a hole extending from the forward face of said tongue to the opposite face of said piston; and manually controlled latching valve means in the hole extending from the forward face of the tongue of said piston, and adapted to control the flow of hydraulic liquid from one side of said piston to the other in the latching zone.

3. In an hydraulic checking hinge of the type described including a pair of leaves adapted for attachment to a closure and to a closure-mounting frame, an elongated cylindrical casing, a concentric shaft rotatably mounted in said casing and having a shaft extension protruding from the upper end thereof whereby a working chamber is provided in the annular space within said casing around said shaft, said casing and said shaft extension being operatively connected to said pair of leaves to hingedly turn on said shaft as a hinge pin; a fixed segmental partition in said working chamber, one radial face thereof being provided with an elongated longitudinal slot; a movable segmental rotary piston attached to said shaft and adapted to move with said shaft in said working chamber, said piston on the face opposite said slotted partition face having a protruding tongue adapted to extend into said partition slot, and said piston being also provided with a pair of holes extending from the forward face of said tongue, one of said holes extending to the opposite face of said piston; a check valve in the last named hole in said piston; a latching valve hole communicating with said Working chamber and one of the holes extending from the forward face of the tongue of said piston to permit liquid to be transferred from one side of said piston to the other in the latching zone; and valve means manually operable from outside said hinge for varying the opening in said latching valve hole.

4. In an hydraulic checking hinge having a pair of leaves adapted for attachment to a 010- sure and to a closure-mounting frame; an elongated cylindrical casing; a coaxial shaft rotatably mounted therein with a shaft extension protruding from the upper end thereof, said casing and said shaft extension being operatively connected to said pair of leaves to hingedly turn on said shaft as a hinge pin and said shaft having a threaded longitudinal hole therein, and a transverse metering hole; a closure means at the bottom end of said casing including a thrust bearing for said shaft; a closure cap at the top end of said casing including a bearing sleeve for said shaft; an annular cavity around said shaft including a working chamber; a fixed segmental partition in said Working chamber, one radial face thereof being provided with an elongated longitudinal slot; a movable segmental rotary piston connected to said shaft and adapted to move with said shaft in said working chamber, said piston on its face opposite said slotted partition face having a protruding tongue adapted to gradually close 01f said partition slot as the piston moves to the closed position of said hinge leaves; a metering pin arranged axially in the longitudinal hole in said shaft, the upper end thereof being threadedly engaged in the threads in the upper end of said hole, said pin being adapted for adjustable positioning both longitudinally and radially, said pin being provided with a taper of reduced diameter adja cent the transverse metering hole through said shaft, and said pin being also provided with opposed segmental cuts arranged to provide a latching valve; a one-way valved passage through said shaft adapted to permit liquid to flow from one side of said piston to the other side when said hinge is being opened; the metering hole through said shaft being positioned adjacent the tapered portion cut on said pin; and said shaft being provided with a latching valve hole adjacent said segmental cuts in said pin and a hole communicating with said latching valve hole and extending from the radial face of the tongue of said piston.

ALFRED J. SWANSON.

REFERENCES CITED The followmg references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,241,084 Bommer Sept. 25, 1917 2,286,516 Swanson June 16, 1942