US2493115A

US2493115A - Door closing control hinge

Info

Publication number: US2493115A
Application number: US691557A
Authority: US
Inventors: Henry S Diebel
Original assignee: G G BAKEWELL
Current assignee: G G BAKEWELL
Priority date: 1946-08-19
Filing date: 1946-08-19
Publication date: 1950-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 1967-01-03

Description

Jan. 3, 1950 s. DIEBEIL 3, 1

DOOR CLOSING CONTROL HINGE Filed Aug. 19 1946 3 Sheets-Sheet l i u I INVEN HENRY s. DIEBEL 36 3 ATTORNEY Jan. 3, 1950 H. s. DIEBEL 2,493,115

DOOR CLOSING CONTROL HINGE Filed Aug. 19, 1946 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG.6.

FIG. Y. 58 I 72 94 K X W x \\\Nk A\\\\\\ INVENTOR HENRY S. DIEBEL 3 6 ATTORNEY I 1950 H. s. DIEBEL 2,493,115

DOOR CLOSING CONTROL HINGE Filed Aug. 19, 1946 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR HENRY S. DIEBEL ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 3, 1950 :unurse PSTATLPES PATENT OFFICE jHem'y' S. Di'ebel, Downey; Calih; as signor to G. G: Bakewell, Pasadena; Calif.

4* Claims. 1

.This invention relates. to door. closure-control devices -.and- -in particular :to .means for hin edly mounting and- .controlling the opening and .elosingof. ai'door.

.One object. of 'my invention is .to provide-..a hinged .closure control device embodying an actuating-supporting hinge unitwand. a..hinged hydraulic .checking. unit which, when used =-to getheron a-door,-.coact..to mount. the door. and

tor-contrbltthe movement of the. door so thatit tridge-type hydraulic checking unit. 'Other ob-.

jectsare to provide hinge mea'nsior a hand operated ldoorzwhich control the rates of. movement of'the 'door in any part of' its" movement in either-ldirection; to 7 provide a non-leaking hydraulic control. hinge which may be. usedior long periods of time without adjustment or s'e'rvicing; to ,provide a spring actuating hinge arrangd'to carry the load or. theidoor-and having adjustable spring tensioning means so thaflit cooperates with'the hydraulic hinge to control a particular door; to .provide cartridgeatypeienclosures for bothfthe actuatingspri'ng mechanism and the hydraulic control Imeans to. facilitate removal 'and replacement without removal vcfthe hinge leaves-and. the cartridge-enclosing casings, from the ldoor andthe doo'rframe. These and other objects are attained by my invention which vvilibe' understood. from the following description reference b'eing'made to the accompanyingdrawings in which:

"Fig; 1 is a side elevational view partly in'section andwvith partsbroken' away showing a weightsupporting actuating. hinge;

"Fig." 2 "is "a cross: sectional 'view' taken onth'e line 2-2or-Fig.1;

Fig. 3 is'ia cross sectional view" taken on "the line 3- -3 of'Figl;

Fig. 4f'is' a cross sectional view taken orr'the line 4-4 ot'Fig; 1;

*Figf'fi is a side elevationalviewof the; cartridge unlt'containing a coil spring actuatoriinecha- "Fi'g.'"6 -is a; side eievational view-partly section withjpart's broken away Tshowing anhydraiilic checking hinge;

Fig. 'Tis a side elevational view showingilthe cartridge containing an hydraulic checking mechanism.

Fig.8.is a cross sectional view takenonthe 5 line"8-+8 of Fig. 6;

.Fig. 9 is a cross sectional view taken'on' 'the line 99 of Fig. 6; I

-Fig. 10 is across sectional view takenonth'e line i0'|0 of Fig. 6;

10 iFig'. V1!. is a crosssectional view takenonth'e 'line lll l of'Fig. 6;

Fig. 12 is across sectional view taken onfihe line l2--'-l2 otFig. 6;

Figf13 is a cross sectional viewtaken onfth'e 14' 'isa fragmentary view indicatedbythe line l4-i4 of'Fig.'6.

*"In'general, my invention includes a pat o! hinges adapted to hingedly mountadoor'on a doorframe, one of the hinges having an hydraiilic checking mechanism for controlling the-angular movement or the door and the other hin'ge havingacoil spring actuator mechanism-which iis adapted tostoreup energy from thehand operation 'of'opening thedoor and'ithen 'tofrel'ease th'e energy to actuate the doorein' the -oppositeodi rection; both the hydraulic checkingmechanism and" the spring actuator mechar'iism *being separatelyen'c'losed in removable cartridges which are voperativ'elyencased in the cavities: -of :-the outer part-casings attached respectively-eto -the two hinge leaves ofreach hinge at least one hinge ofeach kind being used 'for each door-mounting.

"The-actuating hinge is showniparticularly in Figs-'1 to:-5. -Referring to these drawings, the

' actuator mechanism cartridge unit 20 consists ofra cylindrical housing 2! havingtan-integral flange f22- extending from :itsmiddle portion: and having.- ahexagonal or other non-ciroularextension 23 of the hinge pin-:24 fromthe-upper end of .thecartridge housing, the upper. end vof the cartridge housing being closed by aa-bushing fi extending into the cartridge housing. around the hinge pin 24, the bushing being non-rotatably attached. to thev housing. A. sleeve bearing-26-=is provided. around the upper portion ofuthechin'ge pin-within the cartridge housing 2 l,--and between the hinge pinandsaid bushing. Thehingetpin extends. .fromthe hexagonal extension 23..above mentioned through said bushing. 25 toithe :opposite end. of the cartridge housing where it"i's 'p'rovidedwith an outwardly extending collar-.11 which. the lower end of.thehelicalLcoil.spring" may rest, the end of the coil spring being at- 55. tached in a'hole 30 in the hinge pin-24 above 3 the collar 27. The upper end 3| of the coil spring 28 is held in the hole 32 in the bushin 25, the hole and the end of the coil spring being long enough to permit some longitudinal dimensional change of the coil in the operations of winding and unwinding. The lower end of the hinge pin 24 is tapered to engage the inner ring 33 of the thrust ball-bearing unit 34, the outer casing thereof being adapted to fit snugly within the inner cylindrical Wall of the cartridge housing 2|, the ball bearing unit being held in place by the snap ring 36 placed in the groove 31 in the lower end of the cartridge housing 2|. flange 22 which is preferably made integrally with the cartridge housing in its middle portion is provided with radial holes 38 at spacedintervals around its circumference, and a headed pin 39 is provided to fit these holes, the head abutting the leaf 49 attached to the lower outer partcasing 48. V

The upper leaf 4!! of the actuator hinge is preferably made integrally with the outer partcasing 4| of the hinge, the said part-casing having a cavity 42 enclosing the portion of the cartridge housing 2| above the flange 22, and having a central hexagonal hole 43 in the upper end adapted to non-rotatably engage the hexagonal extension 23 of the hinge pin 24. The upper end of-the part-casing above the hexagonal hole is provided with a threaded closure plug 44. A sleeve bearing 45 is provided between the inner wall of the part-casing 4| and the upper end ofthe cartridge housing 2| and a snap closing band 46 is conveniently provided over the holes 38 in the flange 22. The tension of the coil spring 28 may be regulated by positioning the pin 39 in the desired radial hole 38, the head of the pin 39 abutting the leaf 49 which is attached to the lower part-casing 48.

The lower part-casing 48 is preferably made integrally with the other leaf 49, and is provided with a cavity 59 adapted to fit outside the lower half of the cartridge housing 2|. The angular movement of the hinge leaves 40 and 49 relative to each other causes the further winding up of the coil spring 29, and upon release, tends to force the leaves together angularly, the upper partcas'ing 4| rotating with the hinge pin 24 and the lower part-casing 48 moving with the cartridge housing 2|.

' The upper part-casing 4| with the upper'leaf 49 may be adjusted vertically, relative to the lower part-casing 48 and its leaf 49 by means of the threaded plug 44 pressing upon the end of the hexagonal extension of the hinge pin, this adjustment being most important in the assembly of the actuator hinge with the hydraulic checking hinge on a door hingedly mounted on a doorframe, whereby the entire weight of the door may be carried on the thrust bearing 34. This arrangement has been found to be essential for the necessary functioning of the hydraulic checking hinge in the combination.

The hydrauliccontrol hinge, which constitutes the subject matter of my divisional application Ser. No.,'790,524, filed December 9, 1947, is shown particularly in Figs. 6 to 14, inclusive. The hydraulic mechanism is enclosed in the hydraulic cartridge unit which consists of a cylindrical cartridge housing 55 which is provided in its central portion with an outwardly extending flange 51. The hexagonal extension 58 of the hinge pin 59 extends above the cap 60 which closes the upper end of the cartridge housing 56. In the The opposite end of the cartridge housing 59, there is provided a draw screw 6| for fastening the cartridge inside the outer casing as will be later described. The lower end 52 of the cartridge housing 56 is slightly tapered.

The hydraulic checking mechanism consists of a rotary piston 63 attached to the hinge pin 59 in a cylindrical working chamber 64 having a segmental partition member or dam 65. The working chamber 64 is formed by the inner surface of the cartridge housing 55, the radial ends of the dam E5, the bottom closing member 66 and the upper closing surface consisting of the bottom 61 0f the reservoir bushing 68. A bearing for the lower end of the hinge pin 59 is formed by reducing the diameter of the hinge pin below the piston 63, to fit a hole in the closing member 66, the latter being supported on the bushing I08 which rests upon the draw ring I01 which serves as a closing member for the cartridge housing. The rotation of the hinge pin 59 causes the angu lar movement therewith of the rotary piston 63 in the Working chamber 64 from one edge of the dam 65 to the other edge, the dam 65 extending between the wall of the cartridge housing 56 to the surface of the hinge pin. As the piston moves, the hydraulic fluid is forced through several controlled conduits which act to regulate the hydraulic friction in the movement of the hydraulic fluid from one side of the piston to the other. One control consists of metering pin 69 operating in a hole 10 concentric with and in the center of the hinge pin 59. At right angles to the hinge Pin a bypass conduit Ii through the hinge pin is provided (see Fig. 9), the metering pin, in the portion adjacent the conduit 1|, being tapered so that the flow of hydraulic fluid may be closely regulated by the endwise movement of the metering pin 69. The pin 69 is positioned by the threaded plug I2 which is threaded into a hole in the upper part of the hinge pin, the metering pin 69 being held upwardly by a compressed coil spring 13 in the bottom of the hole I0. A oneway bypass conduit from one side of the piston to the other is provided by the hole 14 leading through the hinge pin 59 from one side of the piston 63 to the other (see Fig. 10), the hole being provided with a ball 15 in a seat 16 and held in place by a retainer 11. When the piston 63 is moved counterclockwise (see Fig. 10) hydraulic liquid flows freely to the closed side of the working chamber C from the "open side of the chamber 0. When the piston is moved in the opposite direction, the ball 15 is forced into the seat 16 and shuts off the flow of hydraulic fluid. In the movement of the piston from 0 position to the C position, the flow of hydraulic fluid is further controlled by means of grooves of varying cross-sectional area, cut in the under surface 61 of the reservoir bottom which serves as the upper closing wall for the hydraulic working chamber. In the preferred arrangement, as shown, a by-pass groove 18 large enough to permit substantially unrestricted movement of the hydraulic fluid therethrough is provided in the first part of the movement of the piston (in the direction of closing the hinge) following which the groove is tapered to gradually retard the flow of hydraulic fluid by gradually decreasing the cross-sectional area; followed by a terminal groove 89 similar in cross-sectional area to the bypass groove 18, allowing free flow of hydraulic fluid. The arrangement of connected bypass grooves thus described provides for the initial unretarded closing of the hinge and the attached 5 i tapered edge face =l (IS- whichissadaptedito iengagee a -taperedihole I85 the closingamembemrI01 5i do'or by =the actu'atorhinge mech'anisnnluntib-there door approachesthe full'y closed: position at t which point the -constricted groove: retardsathe'? of the cartridgea The drawascreve ii'l l'rriays flow-"of 'q'uid and slows down th'emovern'ent of: be nsedto dr aw the cartridgec housing s 55 intozi the door andth'en 'shbrtl-y befo're reachingrthe: 5 tha lower part casing I III:toxthold'ithezcartridgez fina1 closed position the hydraulic resistance =is non=rotatably within thesicasingr A key l Izzholdswzremoved oy =the' provision'of the largecross-sec the closing member' I cfhandrthe-idamr65 inzaligns ti'onal area 8U so that the actuator hinge forces merits- Wh'emitisdesi-redtoremove thel cartridge'c the doorinto the latcltin the fully closed posi from"the=casi-ng, the reverserturning ofithesdrawr tion:- Provision -is'- also madein 'fthe hydraulic unit for compens-ating for the difference ir'r fluidity of the h'ydr'auli'c liquid bide-to-tmp erature changes auxiliary bypass-hole=8i through thehinge pin 59 within the working-chamber fi i iscon 152.; trolled by means -of=tliethermostatically operated metering pin 82iwhich slidesiin a hole 83 in the lower portion ofthe -hinge"pin*59,* and concentric therewith; 31:1 coil: compression; spring; 85: being placed in the hole to act againstthe metering? i pin 82. A sylphoni metalliclbellowsufi5.,containing a suitable fluid"actsto movethe metering pin inzzresponse to temperature changes; The: bel'ldws az85ris' =.placed in..a cavity in; the bushing}; lflflmdjacentithelclosing memberrlIl-l. Whenrthe 25,5. temperature sri-ses,.the thermostatically controlled metring-apimcloseaoif.therauxiliary bypass hole 8 I; to. compensatelfor. ,the lower; viscosity -jof- :the: hydraulic liquid...

lOlscrew el pushes the cartridge outiofithe vtapered? portionnthrough pressureaofethezheadil I14 whichrl abuts the bushing I98@containingr the-?sylphon' bellows '85.

- In -order to adjust the relative positionsiof .th'er:

hinge pin: and: its 1 attached" leaf and the Flowers? parteasing I 91- anditsattachedileaf I 00, proevision -is made for an: index markingadjacent the flange 51 of the cartridge; housing; 56; as shown-"particularly in Fig; .14:- A: tool-freceivingr;

hole- I 9925s -provided in; the flange i. at la selected; relative position for:the1two leaves- 0fitheehinge fdr example at the closed iposition; Index marksr. l I0 are madaat either side of: thi's' hole .tofpermiti setting of the parts relative to the correspondingst. index marks I I i onxth'e casing l 91 Thisarrangement provides: ready means for: adjusting the position iof 'a replaced cartridgein thescasing s afteri has been renmved 'forrepair-or renewal-J The advantages -of mycartridge type hinges The non-pressured.reservehydraulic liquid resgna 1 6: apparenti The cartridg6:-- m e ervoir 68 consists of "an annular space between the reservoir bushing 68 and the'hinge pinto Tlleli reservoirconnectedhydraulically with: the working chamber by means of check-valved orifices 86, one on each side of the piston. The reservoir bushing is held in place within the cartridge housing by means of locking rings 88 and 89. The top portion of the reservoir is closed by the closing cap 60, and a sleeve bearing 90 and 9| is provided between the hinge pin and the closing cap 60. A rubber O ring 92 being provided around the hinge pin between the bearings 90 and 9| to prevent leakage of hydraulic liquid. The radial position of the reservoir bushing is fixed by means of the key 93 in suitably placed holes in the reservoir bushing 68 and the dam 65. A closing cap 94 is provided at the upper end of the opening in the hexagonal extension 58 of the hinge pin 59.

The upper leaf 98 of the hydraulic hinge is made integrally with a part-casing 99 adapted to fit over the upper portion of the hydraulic mechanism cartridge housing 56. A sleeve bearing 95 is provided between the cartridge and. the inner surface of the part-casing 99; and a hexagonal cavity 95 is provided in the upper end of the part-casing 99 adapted to non-rotatably engage the hexagonal shaft extension 58. The cap 94 threaded into a hole in the end of the shaft extension 58 is accessible through an opening in the upper end of the part-casing 99.

The lower leaf I09 is preferably made integrally with a lower part-casing lilI and is adapted to fit over the lower portion of the cartridge housing 55, the cavity of said lower part-casing being slightly tapered at the bottom to correspond to the tapered end portion I I3' of the cartridge hous- -ing adjacent the draw screw 5!, and the end of the lower part-casing is provided with a threaded hole I92 adapted to engage said tightening member BI, the draw screw 5| being provided with an hexagonal hole I 03 adapted to be engaged by a hexagonal bar tool to turn the draw screw 6!. The inner end of the draw screw BI is provided with a head I04 having an underside 76 it contains a. the i hydraulic checkingunit if or the actuator unit of the -pair of hinges required to form a complete hinged door 'clo'ser," may: be readily removed: without removal of" the leaves attaching the hinge outer casings to the door and door-frame. The hinge outer casings may be ornamented or shaped as desired, while the cartridge type mechanisms for actuating and checking the door may be interchangeable.

I claim:

1. A hinge mechanism comprising a pair of leaves adapted for attachment to a closure and to a closure mounting frame; a cartridge having a cylindrical housing and a concentric shaft extension protruding from the upper end of said cartridge housing; a hollow upper part-casing extending from the edge of one leaf, adapted to fit over and turn on the upper portion of said cartridge housing, and to non-rotatably engage said shaft extension; a hollow lower part-casing extending from the edge of the other leaf, adapted to fit upon and be non-rotatably attached to the lower portion of said cartridge housing; and rotary motion means within said cartridge governing the turning of said shaft extension relative to said cartridge housing.

2. A hinge mechanism comprising a pair of leaves adapted for attachment to a closure and to a closure-mounting frame; a cartridge unit having a cylindrical housing; a shaft mounted coaxially therein with a shaft extension protruding from the upper end of said housing, said shaft being enclosed within said housing; a helical coil spring around said shaft, one end thereof being attached to said shaft and the other end being attached to said housing; a hollow upper part-casing extending from the edge of one leaf adapted to fit over and turn on the upper portion of said cartridge housing and to non-rotatably engage said shaft extension; and a hollow lower part-casing extending from the edge of the other leaf, adapted to fit upon and be nonrotatably connected to the lower portion of said cartridge housing.

3. A hinge mechanism comprising a pair of leaves adapted for attachment to a closure and to a closure-mounting frame; a cartridge unit having a cylindrical housing; a shaft mounted coaxially therein with a shaft extension protruding from the upper end of said housing, said shaft being enclosed within said housing; a helical coil spring around said shaft, one end thereof being attached to said shaft and the other end being attached to said housing; a hollow upper partcasing extending from the edge of one leaf adapted to fit over and turn on the upper portion of said cartridge housing and to non-rotatably engage said shaft extension; a hollow lower partcasing extending from the edge of the other leaf, adapted to fit upon and be non-rotatably connected to the lower portion of said cartridge housing; and adjusting means manually operable when said hinge mechanism is in operative position mounting a door on a closure-mounting frame for longitudinally spacing said upper and lower part-casings relative to said cartridge unit,

said means including a plug screw in said upper part-casing positioned to abut the upper end of said shaft extension.

4. A hinge mechanism comprising a pair of leaves adapted for attachment to a closure and to a closure-mounting frame; a cartridge unit having a cylindrical housing; a shaft mounted coaxially therein with a shaft extension protruding from the upper end of said housing, said shaft being enclosed within said housing; a helical coil spring around said shaft, one end thereof being attached to said shaft and the other end being attached to said housing; a hollow upper part-casing extending from the edge of one leaf adapted to fit over and turn on the upper portion of said cartridge housing and to non-rotatably engage said shaft extension; a hollow lower partcasing extending from the edge of the other leaf, adapted to fit upon and be non-rotatably connected to the lower portion of said cartridge housing; and means for adjusting the tension on said coil accessible when said cartridge unit is in place within said upper and lower part-casings including radial holes in the periphery of said housing, a detent pin mounted in one of said holes, said pin in its extended portion outside said radial holes abutting the juncture of said leaf of said lower part-casing.

HENRY S. DIEBEL.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Re. 6,112 Joyce Nov. 3, 1874 241,280 Baush et a1 May 10, 1881 877,440 Levin Jan. 21, 1908 1,837,716 Johnsen Dec. 22, 1931 2,159,067 Weiser May 23, 1939 2,216,695 Potter -1 Oct. 1, 1940 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 636,581 France Jan. 14, 1928