US2476732A - Ultra high frequency coupling system - Google Patents

Ultra high frequency coupling system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2476732A
US2476732A US498332A US49833243A US2476732A US 2476732 A US2476732 A US 2476732A US 498332 A US498332 A US 498332A US 49833243 A US49833243 A US 49833243A US 2476732 A US2476732 A US 2476732A
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United States
Prior art keywords
wave
guide
conductor
high frequency
inner conductor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US498332A
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English (en)
Inventor
Guilford L Hollingsworth
Nick A Schuster
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FR964838D priority Critical patent/FR964838A/fr
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Priority to US498332A priority patent/US2476732A/en
Priority to GB18056/47A priority patent/GB624760A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2476732A publication Critical patent/US2476732A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/06—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints
    • H01P1/062—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation
    • H01P1/066—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation
    • H01P1/067—Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints the relative movement being a rotation with an unlimited angle of rotation the energy being transmitted in only one line located on the axis of rotation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P5/00—Coupling devices of the waveguide type
    • H01P5/08—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices
    • H01P5/10—Coupling devices of the waveguide type for linking dissimilar lines or devices for coupling balanced lines or devices with unbalanced lines or devices
    • H01P5/103—Hollow-waveguide/coaxial-line transitions

Definitions

  • Our invention relates to apparatus for couplin ultra-high frequency systems, andamore particularly, to apparatus for coupling'idieleetric Wave guides of the ho11ow-pipe type-withconcentric or coaxial transmission lines.
  • Eiesi 1' and 51- are u v s; s o in certain .sharaet ristie :of the -;.syste of R es- ;Fiehfiisiaip an .v ew 91? qd ficat enmf th system shown infFig n Fig.
  • ultrahigh frequency energy is i-supplied rirom .a .axcoaxial transmissionilinez i l;ithe-.wtransvcrse electromagneticwavesof :the transmission-line. I It beingv convertedntoutransversez electric waves, in theiwave guide [0 by means of a coupling membe gli.
  • the dielectric wave guide It is shown'to be of the rectangular hollow-pipe type defined by a top wall 13, a bottom wall 14, and side walls l5, these walls preferably being formed of a suitable conducting material, such as copper or brass.
  • the concentric or coaxial transmission line it comprises a tubular outer conductor ll, prefer algly metallic in nature, and an inner conductor mechanically connected, as by soldering or welding, to the coupling member I2 which serves to maintain the inner conductor l8 coaxially aligned with respect to the outer conductor I! in a manner to be pointed out later.
  • the outer conductor H is joined to the bottom wall 14 of the wave guide by means of a collar member I9 soldered or brazed to both the outer conductor and the bottom wall of the wave guide.
  • the inner conductor 18 has a portion 20 of reduced diameter at its lower end which projects into a hole 2! in the end of the anode structure 22 of any suitable high frequency electron discharge device 23, such as a. magnetron.
  • the anode structure 22 is sup ported by means of a glass seal 24 from a thin metal tube 25 brazed to theupper portion of a metallic tank or external wall structure of the electron discharge device 23.
  • the inner diameter of tube 25 is made equal to'the inner diameter of tubular conductor l 7 so that the tube 25 functions as the outer conductor of a short section of coaxial transmission line connected to the device 23, the anode structure 22 forming the inner conductor of this short section of transmission line.
  • a half-wave choke or connecting member 26 Disposed between the adjacent ends of conductors I! and 25 is a half-wave choke or connecting member 26 having a shoulder 25' at its upper end soldered or brazed to the lower end of conductor H and a pair of sleeves 2'1, 2? in concentric, spaced relation with conductor 25.
  • the outer conductor l1 and member 25 are securely clamped to the tank of device 23 by means of a nut 28 engaging a thread on the outer surface of sleeve 28 and bearing against the upper surface of member 28.
  • the length of conductor 25 and each of the sleeves 27, 21' is made substantially equal to a quarter wave length of the high frequency wave supplied by device 23 so that these members function as a folded half-wave choke conductively connecting sections of the outer conductor of the transmission line, the points of high current density coinciding with the good electrical connections between conductor 25 and the metallic tank of device 23 and between the bottom of sleeve 21' and the aforesaid tank.
  • this folded half-wave choke the point of zero current occurs at the mechanical break or gap between members 25 and 26.
  • the construction outline provides a rigidly supported inner conductor l8 which is capacitively coupled to the anode structure 22 by means of the portion 20 extending into the opening 2
  • the inner conductor I8 is electrically and
  • the coupling member l2 comprises a metallic element extending from the upper end of the inner conductor 18 of coaxial line H to the opposite or upper wall l3 of the wave guide system.
  • the member I2 is substantially circular in transverse cross section, the area of the cross section of the member increasing continuously and gradually from its point of connection with the inner conductor 18, where its size is the same as that of conductor l8, to its point of connection with the wall 3.
  • the outer contour of the member i2 is in the form of a reverse curve and is constructed by spinning a shell of any suitable conducting material, such as copper or brass.
  • the upper portion ofthe coupling member i2 is concave inwardly, while the lower portion, or the portion attached to the conductor i8, is concave outwardly, these two portions being separated by a point of inflection 29, i. e., a point where theslope of the reverse curve changes from a gradually decreasing value to a gradually increasing value.
  • the diameter of the coupling unit I2 is a parameter which is useful for both matching the susceptance of the wave guide and the coaxial cable, as well as the conductance of these two members.
  • High frequency energy flows from the coaxial line H to the wave guide in in three directions. Thus, it flows forwardly, i. e., to the left in Figs. 1 and 2, into the wave guide l0 whose admittance is matched with the admittance of any utilization devices attached therewith.
  • the flow of energy in this direction results in a constant conductance for the coupling unit l2 whose value is substantially independent of the position of the back wall it.
  • Energy also flows sideways from the coupling unit l2 to the side walls l5 oi the wave guide. This flow of energy results in a constant susceptance for the coupling unit whose value likewise is substantially independent of the position of the back wall.
  • the energy may likewise fiow in a third or final direction, namely, backwardly into the cavity between the unit and the ba-ck'wall l6.
  • Curve 33 illustrates the standing wave ratio'of 'voltage over a range of wave-lengths deviating from the desired operating wave length k From thiscurve it is evident that the Wave length may be varied over a range of-'- -5- per cent-of the desired operating wave length Ag without permitting the;standing wave ratio to reach a value greaterthan 1.4.
  • the couplingunit I21 is provided with a flanged portion- 'at itszupper' endand an axially aligned hole-.36.
  • the flange 35' preferably is soldered to anupper wall l3itoinsure good electrical contact betweenthe coupling unit. I21. and the wave guide and, also, f'u'nctionsto. support rigidly the inner conductor. I8.- in a central position within outer conductor. IT.
  • the axially aligned hole 36 which. extends likewise through inner conductor iBanditsextensionlO provides means wherebyair, or any other cooling agent may be blown into the anode structure 22 to assist in cooling this portion of the. high frequency electron discharge device utilized.
  • the coaxially alignedwave guide coupling wave-guide Iii is provided with acurved back wall it is a-pproximately;v tangent. to? the curved back- Wall iii; the standing :wave-ratiopi; e., the ratio of the-voltage at failfiopfiffthel standing-wave in the 6' guide to the voltage at anode-ofthcwave;in the, uide it may be reducedand thaband pass of the system increased.
  • m'etallic tuning diaphragms 38 To: further decreasethe' standing wave ratio in the'wave. guide I0; and to increase the band-pass of the coupling unit.
  • the guide is a calculated distance from the coupling unit l2, extending between the upper wall' l3 and lower wall I l and projecting into the wave guide it a distance sufii-cient to produce the susceptance necessary to reduce the standing wave ratio to a desired value, and to give the desired band" Bass. 7
  • the wave guide ill may supply high frequency" energy, for example, to a rotatable-antenna of a high frequency signalling system usedfor recognition purposes and the waveguide dl may be connected to a transmitter or areceiver.
  • the waves being transmitted through the wave guides preferably are of the order of 10 centimeters.
  • the construction shown permits the use of a 00- axial cable 32, also provided'with a-rotating sec tion to transmit the lower frequency waves from the stationary part of the apparatus to the rotating portions thereof. 7 g
  • the wave guide ll may be stationary and the wave guide ii? may be supported from a member'- 63 of the rotatable antenna structure, the member 53 being rigidly secured to a vertical shaft collar member 52' is attached to outer conductor 5i).
  • the coupling member l2 of atype similar tothe' coupling member described in connection with the coupling arrangement shown in Fig. 1, is con nected between theinner conductor 5
  • connection between the Waveguide M and the inner conductor 5! is achieved by means of a similar coupling member l2.
  • a circular collar member 55 attached to the opening in the upper wall of wave guide-i! functions as alower section of the outer conductor of the coaxial cable.
  • the collar'member 55 is provided at its upper end'with'a portion 56 of enlarged inner diameter whichencircles, in spaced relation, the lower end of tubular outer conductor 5a;
  • A' metallic sleeve 51 havinga length equal to a quarter wave length atthefrequency o'f'the the wave transmitted through the coaxial cable 50, is attached to the outer conductor 50 at a point spaced one quarter wave length from the lower end of the conductor 58.
  • the length of the portion 56 is likewise made equal to a quarter wave length at the operating frequency and the inner diameter of the lower portion of the sleeve 51 is made equal to the inner diameter of the portion 56.
  • a tubular supporting member 59 is slipped over the collar '55 and provides means for supporting th stationary half of the race of the ball bearing 41.
  • the rotating portion of the race is attached to tubular sleeve 68 mechanically connected to the shaft 64 at its lower end.
  • ! is secured to the sleeve 51 attached to tubular outer conductor 50 as previously described.
  • a needle bearing SI is likewise provided between the members 59 and 86 to facilitate rotation therebetween and to assure proper alignment and spacing of the previously described electric connection between tubular conductor 59 and tubular collar 55.
  • Fig. 9 we have shown in detail the construction of the rotatin joint in the inner conductor 5 I, as well as the manner in which the concentric or coaxial cable 42 is arranged within the conductor 5
  • Both coupling members l2, l2 are provided with axial holes through which the coaxial cable 22 is passed.
  • 2 is joined to a sleeve member 64 having a portion 55 of reduced outer diameter, the length of the portion 65 being made equal to a quarter wave length at the frequency of the wave transmitted over the coaxial cable 58, 5
  • a similar sleeve member 68 is secured to the upper end of the lower portion of tubular inner conductor 5!.
  • the sleeve member 56 is likewise provided with a portion 61 of reduced outer diameter, the length of the portion 67 being made substantially equal to a quarter wave length at the operating frequency of the line.
  • a tubular conductor 68 attached at its lower end tomember 66 and having a length substantially equal to a half wave length at the operating frequency of the line is in spaced relation with both the portions 55 and 61.
  • . is enclosed within a metallic pipe ill of steel'or any suitable material which functions not only. to align and support the coaxial cable 42 within the tubular inner conductor 5
  • the connecting plug 72 is tubular in form and encloses a contact body M slotted in its opposite ends for engaging, at its lower end, the inner conductor 15 of line 42 and, at its upper end, the inner conductor 16 of a concentric line connected to communication or control circuits in the antenna structure.
  • the inner conductor of the coaxial cable 42 is provided with a contact member 18 which engages'the split fingers 19 at the upper end of a contact plug 80.
  • Both the contact fingers i3 and the contact body are supported by'means of a pin 82 of insulating material within an end ring 83 attached by means of screws 33' to the bottom end of coupling member l2.
  • a tubular support 84 re tained within the central hole of coupling unit I2 serves as means for supporting a bearing member 85 which rotatably engages a flanged bushing 86, secured, as by brazing, to the metal pipe 10.
  • our conversion unit for coupling a concentric transmission line to a wave guide permits the transmission of large amounts of high frequency power without the arising of any objectionable comma or electric discharges, or objectionable;reflections and standing waves.
  • a dielectric wave guide of the hollow-pipe type a concentric transmission line comprising a tubular outer conductor and an inner conductor, said outer conductor being electrically connected to said wave guide, and means for coupling said guide and said transmission line comprising a metallic member eX- tending across said wave guide transverse to the direction of propagation of waves therein and electrically connected between said inner conductor at its end adjacent said guide and the opposite inner wall of said guide, said member being substantially circular in transverse cross section, the area of the cross section of said member increasing continuously and gradually between its ;point of :connection :with @said inner conductor andits zpointiottconnection with said Wall.
  • said-member having a substantially ficircnlar transverse cross section continuously increasing Tin ima'gnitu'de from the size oftsaidiinnericonductor at its p int of connection therewith to 'ize at its p'ointof connection with *said We; ficiently -large'to match substantiallycompletely thef-rsusceptance and conductance df said wave g Ii-i'de.
  • a first transmission line having a tubular inner conductor and a concentric outer conductor connectedbetween said wave guides, said transmission line comprising a pair'of adjacent sections supported for rotation with respect to'each other whereby said wave guides may be rotated with respect to each other, coupling means connected between said inner conductor at its opposite ends and a wall of the wave guide associated'therewith for converting th transverse electromagnetic waves propagated .along said transmission line to transverse electric waves for propagation along said wave guides, each of saidcoupling means having a hole therethrough concentricallyaligned with said inner conductor, and a second concentric transmission line for transmitting lower'frequency waves passingthrough said holes and said inner conductor, said second transmission line comprising a pair of adjacent sections. supported for rotation with respect to each other, each of said sections of said, second transmission
  • an electron discharge'device having an output electrode, a dielectric wave guide of the hollow-pipe type, andmeans for transmitting energy from said electrode to said wave guide
  • said means comprising asection of concentric transmission line having an inner conductor, said conductor having one of its ends in spaced relation with and coupled to said electrode, and means for converting transverse electromagnetic waves being propagated along said lineto transverse electric waves for propagation through said guide
  • said last means comprising a metallic member extending across said guideand rigidly connected between said conductor at its other end and a wall of said guide to supportsaid conductor in said spaced relation with said electrode, said member increasing'continuously in transverse section between said conductor and-said wall of said guide and havinganaverage diameter greater than that of said inner conductor.
  • an electron discharge device having an output electrode, a dielectric wave guide of the hollow-pipe type, a concentric transmission line connected between said device and said wave guide, said transmission line comprising a tubular outer conductor and atubular inner conductor having one of its ends in spaced relation with said electrode and capacitively coupled thereto, and means for supporting said inner conductor in said spaced relation'jand for converting transverse electromagnetic waves being propagated along said transmission line to transverse electric waves for propagation through said wave guide, said means comprising a metallic member rigidly connected between said inner conductor at its other end and an inner wall of said wave guide, said member having a passage therethrough connected with said inner conductor for conveying cooling medium through said passage and said inner conductor to said electrode.
  • an electron discharge device having an output electrode, a dielectric wave guide of the hollow-pipe type, a concentric transmission line connected between said device and said wave guide, said transmission line comprising a tubular outer conductor and a tubular inner conductor having one of its ends in spaced relation with said electrode and capacitively coupled thereto, and means'for supporting said inner conductor in said spaced relation and for converting transverse electromagnetic waves being propagated along said transmission line to transverse electric waves for propagation through said wave guide, said means comprising a metallic member rigidly connected between said inner conductor at its other end and an inner wall of said wave guide, said member having a substantially circular transverse cross section of continuously increasing diameter between its point of connection with said inner conductor and said inner wall and of sufficient size to match the susceptance and conductance of said wave guide, and an axial hole through said member connecting with said tubular inner conductor for conveying cooling medium through said inner conductor to said electrode.

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US498332A 1943-08-12 1943-08-12 Ultra high frequency coupling system Expired - Lifetime US2476732A (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR964838D FR964838A (fr) 1943-08-12
US498332A US2476732A (en) 1943-08-12 1943-08-12 Ultra high frequency coupling system
GB18056/47A GB624760A (en) 1943-08-12 1947-07-08 Improvements in and relating to ultra-high frequency couplings

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2530171A (en) * 1944-06-06 1950-11-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Magnetron output terminal
US2627551A (en) * 1948-12-15 1953-02-03 Gen Electric Ultrahigh-frequency transmission structure
US2629051A (en) * 1945-08-25 1953-02-17 Rca Corp Antenna
US2659055A (en) * 1946-05-24 1953-11-10 Seymour B Cohn Dielectric wave guide to coaxial line junction
US2786981A (en) * 1954-05-18 1957-03-26 Gen Precision Lab Inc Broadband coaxial line to waveguide transition
US2800605A (en) * 1954-02-08 1957-07-23 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2812503A (en) * 1953-11-25 1957-11-05 Microwave Dev Lab Waveguide rotary joint
US2982927A (en) * 1958-01-06 1961-05-02 Rca Corp Transition device
US3011137A (en) * 1960-09-19 1961-11-28 Bogart Mfg Corp Rotary joint for microwave energy
US3107960A (en) * 1960-03-14 1963-10-22 Siemens Ag Albis Rotational coupling for coaxial high-frequency lines
US4287497A (en) * 1979-06-12 1981-09-01 Motorola Inc. Integrated universal RF joint and gimbal system
WO1995026577A1 (fr) * 1994-03-28 1995-10-05 Qualcomm Incorporated Assemblage de couplage rotatif de guide d'ondes coaxial
US5805115A (en) * 1995-08-01 1998-09-08 Kevlin Corporation Rotary microwave antenna system
RU2741758C1 (ru) * 2020-07-17 2021-01-28 Публичное акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Алмаз" имени академика А.А. Расплетина" Многоканальное свч вращающееся соединение

Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2064585A (en) * 1935-05-07 1936-12-15 Mauricio P Atienza Radio antenna device
US2147717A (en) * 1935-12-31 1939-02-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Guided wave transmission
US2190668A (en) * 1937-07-31 1940-02-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Diode oscillator
US2223224A (en) * 1939-06-24 1940-11-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Radio speed and drift indicator
US2257783A (en) * 1939-09-21 1941-10-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Guided wave transmission
US2292496A (en) * 1939-05-19 1942-08-11 Telefunken Gmbh Transmission line circuit
US2351895A (en) * 1940-05-11 1944-06-20 Allerding Alfred Electron tube device for ultra short waves
US2408032A (en) * 1942-02-03 1946-09-24 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Coupling arrangement
US2433074A (en) * 1943-07-02 1947-12-23 Raytheon Mfg Co High-frequency coupling device
US2434925A (en) * 1942-05-27 1948-01-27 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Coupling means for relatively movable wave guides

Patent Citations (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2064585A (en) * 1935-05-07 1936-12-15 Mauricio P Atienza Radio antenna device
US2147717A (en) * 1935-12-31 1939-02-21 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Guided wave transmission
US2190668A (en) * 1937-07-31 1940-02-20 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Diode oscillator
US2292496A (en) * 1939-05-19 1942-08-11 Telefunken Gmbh Transmission line circuit
US2223224A (en) * 1939-06-24 1940-11-26 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Radio speed and drift indicator
US2257783A (en) * 1939-09-21 1941-10-07 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Guided wave transmission
US2351895A (en) * 1940-05-11 1944-06-20 Allerding Alfred Electron tube device for ultra short waves
US2408032A (en) * 1942-02-03 1946-09-24 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Coupling arrangement
US2434925A (en) * 1942-05-27 1948-01-27 Sperry Gyroscope Co Inc Coupling means for relatively movable wave guides
US2433074A (en) * 1943-07-02 1947-12-23 Raytheon Mfg Co High-frequency coupling device

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2530171A (en) * 1944-06-06 1950-11-14 Westinghouse Electric Corp Magnetron output terminal
US2629051A (en) * 1945-08-25 1953-02-17 Rca Corp Antenna
US2659055A (en) * 1946-05-24 1953-11-10 Seymour B Cohn Dielectric wave guide to coaxial line junction
US2627551A (en) * 1948-12-15 1953-02-03 Gen Electric Ultrahigh-frequency transmission structure
US2812503A (en) * 1953-11-25 1957-11-05 Microwave Dev Lab Waveguide rotary joint
US2800605A (en) * 1954-02-08 1957-07-23 Itt Traveling wave electron discharge devices
US2786981A (en) * 1954-05-18 1957-03-26 Gen Precision Lab Inc Broadband coaxial line to waveguide transition
US2982927A (en) * 1958-01-06 1961-05-02 Rca Corp Transition device
US3107960A (en) * 1960-03-14 1963-10-22 Siemens Ag Albis Rotational coupling for coaxial high-frequency lines
US3011137A (en) * 1960-09-19 1961-11-28 Bogart Mfg Corp Rotary joint for microwave energy
US4287497A (en) * 1979-06-12 1981-09-01 Motorola Inc. Integrated universal RF joint and gimbal system
WO1995026577A1 (fr) * 1994-03-28 1995-10-05 Qualcomm Incorporated Assemblage de couplage rotatif de guide d'ondes coaxial
US5805115A (en) * 1995-08-01 1998-09-08 Kevlin Corporation Rotary microwave antenna system
RU2741758C1 (ru) * 2020-07-17 2021-01-28 Публичное акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Алмаз" имени академика А.А. Расплетина" Многоканальное свч вращающееся соединение

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Publication number Publication date
FR964838A (fr) 1950-08-25
GB624760A (en) 1949-06-15

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