US2472754A - Method for making and maintaining an impression of the shape of an object - Google Patents

Method for making and maintaining an impression of the shape of an object Download PDF

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US2472754A
US2472754A US623517A US62351745A US2472754A US 2472754 A US2472754 A US 2472754A US 623517 A US623517 A US 623517A US 62351745 A US62351745 A US 62351745A US 2472754 A US2472754 A US 2472754A
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impression
foot
units
shape
deformable
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US623517A
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Warren J Mead
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/3821—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process composed of particles enclosed in a bag
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/28—Adapting the inner sole or the side of the upper of the shoe to the sole of the foot
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
    • B29C33/3857—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining by making impressions of one or more parts of models, e.g. shaped articles and including possible subsequent assembly of the parts
    • B29C33/3878—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining by making impressions of one or more parts of models, e.g. shaped articles and including possible subsequent assembly of the parts used as masters for making successive impressions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C33/00—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B29C33/38—Moulds or cores; Details thereof or accessories therefor characterised by the material or the manufacturing process
    • B29C33/3842—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining
    • B29C33/3857—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining by making impressions of one or more parts of models, e.g. shaped articles and including possible subsequent assembly of the parts
    • B29C2033/3871—Manufacturing moulds, e.g. shaping the mould surface by machining by making impressions of one or more parts of models, e.g. shaped articles and including possible subsequent assembly of the parts the models being organic material, e.g. living or dead bodies or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/753—Medical equipment; Accessories therefor
    • B29L2031/7532—Artificial members, protheses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/30—Use of anatomy in making a mold or using said mold
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/50—Use of fluid pressure in molding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/78—Processes of molding using vacuum

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method for making and maintaining an impression of the shape of an object, and although it is not limited in its application to making the impression of any particular object, it is well adapted and particularly intended for use in making an impression of the shape of a human foot. For the purpose of illustration, and not of limitation, the invention will therefore be described as applied to that use.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-section of the device
  • Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the device
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of the device
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of the deformable unit used in the bottom of the device.
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view of one of the other deformable units and Fig. 6 is a fragmentary vertical section similar to Fig. 2 but showing the step of preparing a molded replica of the foot illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • the casing I is a box-like structure which may be of any size and shape appropriate to the size and shape of the object to be copied. It is shown in the drawings as an oblong structure having bottom, side and end walls and an open top through which the foot and the deformable units may be inserted and removed.
  • a deformable impression receiving unit 2 consisting of a sack 3' of sheet rubber or other thin, tough, flexible and extensible material filled with a mass l of granular material, such as sand, mixed with fluid, such as air or water, in such quantity that the mixture as a whole is suillciently mobile to receive an impression of the object, in this case a foot, when pressed into the unit.
  • the foot 5 shown in rear view in Fig. 1 and in side view in Fig. 2, is then placed upon the top of the sack 3 and pressed into the deformable unit 2 under such weight as is desired, preferably under the full weight which the foot normally carries in order to obtain an impression of the shape of the foot under load as in use, which differs from the shape of a passive foot.
  • each such additional unit has the same characteristics as the above described unit 2 in that it comprises a sack or container 1 filled with a mobile mixture 8 of granular material and fluid.
  • additional deformable units are closely packed about the foot so that the assembled units will envelop and conform to the shape of the foot and form within the assemblage a partially closed cavity (open only at 9, Fig. 3, about the ankle) shaped like the foot.
  • Two such additional units are shown in the drawings, one placed at each side and overlapping the top of the foot. It will be understood that the assemblage may consist of as many such units as are necessary or desirable to envelop the particular object or part of the object of which the impression is to be made.
  • Each deformable unit is provided with a nipple I0 communicating with the interior of the container sack and sealed thereto in any ordinary manner.
  • the inner terminal of the nipple is preferably screened as indicated at Il, Fig. 2, to prevent the escape of granular material while permitting the passage of fluid.
  • Each nipple is also provided with a cock or hand valve I2 to open or close the passage through the nipple.
  • the fluid pressure within each unit is reduced by exhausting fluid from the mixed mass of granular material and fluid to an extent suillcient to solidify the granular mass by virtue of the principles more fully explained in my said application Serial No. 555,010.
  • Any suitable form of exhaust pumping device may be used for reducing the fluid pressure, that shown in the drawing being a conventional air pump, indicated at P, connected-,to one of the nipples by a. flexible tube.
  • the pump may ril"- desirably be a pressure-vacuum pump which may be used not only to exhaust fluid for solidifying the granular mass, but also to force fluid into the sack in such quantity as may be desirable to loosen the grains and render the mixture sufficiently mobile to receive the impression of the object.
  • one or both side walls of the casing I may be hinged as indicated at I3.
  • one of the upper units, now solidified may be easily removed, and the foot may be withdrawn sdewise without disturbing the other units, after which the removed unit may be replaced and the hinged side of the casing closed and locked to hold the assemblage against disarrangement.
  • An outline of the cavity left in the assembled unit by the foot is indicated in plan view in Fig. 3 at I4.
  • a casting may now be made of the mold cavity within the assemblage by means of a suitable plastic material and used as a pattern for fabricating a shoe last appropriate to the individual foot which formed the impression; or a pattern of the interior cavity may be made by inserting a sack ll of flexible, extensible and impervious sheet material into the cavity, inflating the sack to make it conform to the shape of the cavity, lling the sack with a mixed mass of granular material and fluid and solidifying the granular mass by exhausting the fluid through a nipple I', all as more fully explained in my said application Serial No. 555,010 and illustrated in Fig. 6 thereof.
  • a pattern is desired somewhat larger than the foot but following its contour, this could be obtained by making the impression from a foot wearing a sock to enlarge the dimensions of the impression to an extent depending on the thickness of the material of the sock.
  • a single deformable unit such as 2 disposed in a shallow casing will serve a useful purpose in assisting a retail shoe salesman to flt a shoe to a customers foot.
  • An impression of the outline of the foot may be made by the customer and solidifled in the manner already described, and then by taking measurements of the impression and observing its shape and style, the salesman will be in a position to recommend the size and style of shoe most appropriate for the particular customer.
  • extensible and impervious sheet material into the cavity left by the object, inflating the sack to cause it to conform with the surface of the cavity, filling the sack with granular material whose interstitial spaces are fllled with fluid, and solidifying the granular mass within the sack by reducing the pressure of the fluid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Description

- z .June 7,'1949. A 'WINE/ID 2,472,754 METHOD FOR MAKING AND'MAINTAINING AN IMPRESSION OF THE SHAPE OF O CTS Y Filed 0ct. 20, 5
Patented June 7, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT DCF-.KOI
OFFICE METHOD FOR MAKING AND MAINTAIN- ING AN IMPRESSION OF THE SHAPE OF AN OBJECT 4 claims. 1
This invention relates to a method for making and maintaining an impression of the shape of an object, and although it is not limited in its application to making the impression of any particular object, it is well adapted and particularly intended for use in making an impression of the shape of a human foot. For the purpose of illustration, and not of limitation, the invention will therefore be described as applied to that use.
In the making of a shoe to t an individual human foot, which may sometimes be an abnormally or peculiarly shaped foot, difficulty is experienced in fashioning a special shoe last on which a shoe can be built that will satisfactorily conform to the shape and dimensions of the foot.
In carrying out the invention, use is made of the broad principle set forth in my application Serial No.`555,010, filed Se tember 20 1944. The present invent1on makes it possible easTTto obtain a ilrm and faithful impression of the shape of a foot (or other object) in a closed or partially closed cavity of such shape that the object making the impression could not be Withdrawn from an ordinary mold.
In the accompanying drawings which illustrate the invention as applied to making an impression of a human foot,
Fig. 1 is a cross-section of the device;
Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the device;
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the device;
Fig. 4 is a plan view of the deformable unit used in the bottom of the device;
Fig. 5 is a plan view of one of the other deformable units and Fig. 6 is a fragmentary vertical section similar to Fig. 2 but showing the step of preparing a molded replica of the foot illustrated in Fig. 2.
The casing I is a box-like structure which may be of any size and shape appropriate to the size and shape of the object to be copied. It is shown in the drawings as an oblong structure having bottom, side and end walls and an open top through which the foot and the deformable units may be inserted and removed.
Laid in the bottom of the casing l and substantially filling the lower part of the casing is a deformable impression receiving unit 2, consisting of a sack 3' of sheet rubber or other thin, tough, flexible and extensible material filled with a mass l of granular material, such as sand, mixed with fluid, such as air or water, in such quantity that the mixture as a whole is suillciently mobile to receive an impression of the object, in this case a foot, when pressed into the unit.
The foot 5, shown in rear view in Fig. 1 and in side view in Fig. 2, is then placed upon the top of the sack 3 and pressed into the deformable unit 2 under such weight as is desired, preferably under the full weight which the foot normally carries in order to obtain an impression of the shape of the foot under load as in use, which differs from the shape of a passive foot.
Additional deformable impression receiving units 6, Fig. 5, are provided ofsuch size and shape as to be adaptable to the object, in this example a human foot, and to the casing. Otherwise, each such additional unit has the same characteristics as the above described unit 2 in that it comprises a sack or container 1 filled with a mobile mixture 8 of granular material and fluid.
After the foot has been pressed into the deformable bottom unit 2 and properly seated to form the impression, additional deformable units are closely packed about the foot so that the assembled units will envelop and conform to the shape of the foot and form within the assemblage a partially closed cavity (open only at 9, Fig. 3, about the ankle) shaped like the foot. Two such additional units are shown in the drawings, one placed at each side and overlapping the top of the foot. It will be understood that the assemblage may consist of as many such units as are necessary or desirable to envelop the particular object or part of the object of which the impression is to be made.
Each deformable unit is provided with a nipple I0 communicating with the interior of the container sack and sealed thereto in any ordinary manner. The inner terminal of the nipple is preferably screened as indicated at Il, Fig. 2, to prevent the escape of granular material while permitting the passage of fluid. Each nipple is also provided with a cock or hand valve I2 to open or close the passage through the nipple.
When the assembled deformable units have been properly packed about the object so that the desired impression of the object has been formed within the assemblage, the fluid pressure within each unit is reduced by exhausting fluid from the mixed mass of granular material and fluid to an extent suillcient to solidify the granular mass by virtue of the principles more fully explained in my said application Serial No. 555,010. Any suitable form of exhaust pumping device may be used for reducing the fluid pressure, that shown in the drawing being a conventional air pump, indicated at P, connected-,to one of the nipples by a. flexible tube. The pump may ril"- desirably be a pressure-vacuum pump which may be used not only to exhaust fluid for solidifying the granular mass, but also to force fluid into the sack in such quantity as may be desirable to loosen the grains and render the mixture sufficiently mobile to receive the impression of the object.
After each unit has been solidified and the partial vacuum in each has been sealed by its valve I2, the entire assemblage forms in effect a solid mold of built-up interiltting units having an interior cavity conforming to the shape of the object.
In order to remove the foot, as many of the solidified units are removed as may be necessary to permit the foot to be withdrawn, after which the units are replaced in their original positions so as to restore the complete impression left by the foot. To facilitate such removal in .the example illustrated by the drawings, one or both side walls of the casing I may be hinged as indicated at I3. By swinging the hinged side downwardly and away from the assembly, one of the upper units, now solidified, may be easily removed, and the foot may be withdrawn sdewise without disturbing the other units, after which the removed unit may be replaced and the hinged side of the casing closed and locked to hold the assemblage against disarrangement. An outline of the cavity left in the assembled unit by the foot is indicated in plan view in Fig. 3 at I4.
A casting may now be made of the mold cavity within the assemblage by means of a suitable plastic material and used as a pattern for fabricating a shoe last appropriate to the individual foot which formed the impression; or a pattern of the interior cavity may be made by inserting a sack ll of flexible, extensible and impervious sheet material into the cavity, inflating the sack to make it conform to the shape of the cavity, lling the sack with a mixed mass of granular material and fluid and solidifying the granular mass by exhausting the fluid through a nipple I', all as more fully explained in my said application Serial No. 555,010 and illustrated in Fig. 6 thereof. Obviously, if a pattern is desired somewhat larger than the foot but following its contour, this could be obtained by making the impression from a foot wearing a sock to enlarge the dimensions of the impression to an extent depending on the thickness of the material of the sock.
A single deformable unit such as 2 disposed in a shallow casing will serve a useful purpose in assisting a retail shoe salesman to flt a shoe to a customers foot. An impression of the outline of the foot may be made by the customer and solidifled in the manner already described, and then by taking measurements of the impression and observing its shape and style, the salesman will be in a position to recommend the size and style of shoe most appropriate for the particular customer.
The invention is adaptable to a great variety of other objects as well as a foot and may be practiced and embodied in many forms and the scope of the invention is not to be limited excepting as defined in the following claims.
I claim:
1. The method of making and maintaining an impression of the shape of an object by means of a plurality of deformable, impression receiving units, each unit comprising a container wall of flexible, extensible and impervious sheet material lled with a deformable mass of mixed granular material and fluid, which method comprises packing a number of said deformable units about the object so that the assembled units will envelop and conform to that surface of the object which is to be duplicated, solidifying the granular mass in each unit by reducing the pressure of the fluid therein, and removing the object from the solidified units.
2. The method of making and maintaining an impression of the shape of an object by means of a plurality of deformable, impression receiving units, each unit comprising a container wall of flexible, extensible and impervious sheet material filled with a deformable mass of mixed granular material and fluid, which method comprises packing a number of said deformable units about the object so that the assembled units will envelop and conform to that surface of the object which is to be duplicated, solidifying the granular mass in each unit by reducing the pressure of the fluid therein, removing certain of the solidifled units from the assembly to facilitate removal of the object, removing the object, and then replacing the removed unit or units to restore the complete impression left by the object.
3. The method of making and maintaining an impression of the shape of an object by means of a plurality of deformable, impression receiving units, each unit comprising a container wall of flexible, extensible and impervious sheet mate-` rial filled with a deformable mass of mixed granular material and fluid, which method comprises packing a number of said deformable units about the object so that the assembled units will envelop and conform to that surface of the object which is to be duplicated, solidifying the granular mass in each unit by reducing the pressure of the fluid therein, removing the object from the 1 solidified units, lling the cavity with material capable of conforming to the contour of the cavity, solidifying said material and removing it from the solidied units.
4. The method of making and maintaining an impression of the shape of an object by means of a plurality of deformable, impression receiving units, each unit comprising a container wall of flexible, extensible and impervious sheet material lled with a deformable mass of mixed granular material and fluid, which method comprises packing a number of said deformable units about the object so that the assembled units will envelop and conform to that surface of the object which is to be duplicated, solidifying the granular mass in each unit by reducing the pressure of the fluid therein, removing the object from the solidified units, inserting a sack of flexible,
. extensible and impervious sheet material into the cavity left by the object, inflating the sack to cause it to conform with the surface of the cavity, filling the sack with granular material whose interstitial spaces are fllled with fluid, and solidifying the granular mass within the sack by reducing the pressure of the fluid.
WARREN J. MEAD.
REFERENCES CITED 'I'he following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,675,517 Scholl July 3, 1928 2,145,941 Maxfield Feb. 7, 1939 2,256,036 Redmond Sept. 16, 1941 2,277,288 Berch Mar. 24, 1942
US623517A 1945-10-20 1945-10-20 Method for making and maintaining an impression of the shape of an object Expired - Lifetime US2472754A (en)

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Cited By (63)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US2581489A (en) * 1948-04-09 1952-01-08 United Shoe Machinery Corp Apparatus for making casts
US2613398A (en) * 1947-12-10 1952-10-14 United Shoe Machinery Corp Method for making inner molds
US2749910A (en) * 1956-06-12 Faulconer
US2764859A (en) * 1950-09-18 1956-10-02 Norman K Hanselmann Method of packaging compressible articles
US2781565A (en) * 1952-03-20 1957-02-19 Gen Electric Method and apparatus for making bellows
US2877502A (en) * 1955-10-25 1959-03-17 Alan E Murray Process of foot casting
US2887727A (en) * 1955-10-25 1959-05-26 Alan E Murray Foot casting process
US3190442A (en) * 1963-05-20 1965-06-22 Mobey Chemical Company Packaging methods
US3204385A (en) * 1961-10-05 1965-09-07 Continental Aviat & Eng Corp Method of packaging articles in foam plastic
US3212497A (en) * 1963-04-09 1965-10-19 Joseph A Kaplan & Sons Inc Moldable temporary splint
US3222843A (en) * 1961-11-20 1965-12-14 Pyles Ind Inc Foam packaging method and construction
US3309447A (en) * 1964-02-17 1967-03-14 James E Wegley Method for making foot supports
US3425228A (en) * 1967-10-10 1969-02-04 Tech Inc Const Fabric forms for concrete structures
FR2162020A1 (en) * 1971-12-01 1973-07-13 Hagglund Lars
US3950477A (en) * 1974-06-20 1976-04-13 Giacomo Philip A Di Process for artificially forming rocks
US3962395A (en) * 1971-12-01 1976-06-08 Landstingens Inkopscentral Method of producing castings or other mouldings by means of vacuum suction of flexible containers holding granular material
FR2366006A1 (en) * 1976-10-04 1978-04-28 Brown Dennis Surgical support for deformed foot - involves making mould whilst air is withdrawn from airtight bag in which foot is enclosed
US4160003A (en) * 1975-02-18 1979-07-03 Asahi Glass Company, Ltd. Method of molding cementitious material
US4327046A (en) * 1979-12-07 1982-04-27 Southern Research Institute Method for producing a rigid, shaped mass support system
US4703648A (en) * 1985-12-26 1987-11-03 The Boeing Company Gauging apparatus and method
US4906425A (en) * 1987-10-02 1990-03-06 Poussou Alain A Methods to obtain corrected impressions of feet so as to produce corrective soles
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FR2649916A1 (en) * 1989-07-18 1991-01-25 Ferrer Erick Universal mould with adaptable moulding surfaces for moulding plastic, ceramic or other materials
FR2655905A1 (en) * 1989-12-15 1991-06-21 Guilhem Christian Moulding method and device for the reproduction of a shape by the use of a fluidised bed
US5083910A (en) * 1988-08-11 1992-01-28 Abshire Danny P Insole assembly base component molding pad
FR2665662A1 (en) * 1990-08-07 1992-02-14 Miviere Pascal Method for moulding objects formed from different pieces assembled in the manner of a three-dimensional puzzle
US5190033A (en) * 1991-06-10 1993-03-02 Johnson Linda J Ice peas cold/hot therapeutic pack
US5374388A (en) * 1993-04-22 1994-12-20 Lockheed Corporation Method of forming contoured repair patches
WO1995022265A1 (en) * 1994-02-22 1995-08-24 Ellen De Vries Method and device for reproducing an article
US5500178A (en) * 1992-07-31 1996-03-19 Asahi Denka Kogyo Kabushikikaisya Method of manufacturing hollow molded articles
US5578260A (en) * 1994-10-06 1996-11-26 Desena; Danforth Apparatus and process for making a mold of the foot, ankle, and lower leg
US5788078A (en) * 1993-08-02 1998-08-04 Free Flow Packaging Corporation Vacuum formed cushioning device and method of making and using the same
US5826404A (en) * 1993-08-02 1998-10-27 Fuss; Gunter G. System and method for use of loose fill packing materials
EP0945081A1 (en) * 1998-03-25 1999-09-29 Marcello Mancini Improvement in a method of and an apparatus for taking footprints and manufacturing the positive pattern thereof by a pneumatic system without using disposable material
EP0978455A2 (en) 1998-08-03 2000-02-09 Free-Flow Packaging International, Inc. Method and apparatus for making a protective package
WO2001035047A2 (en) * 1999-11-06 2001-05-17 Amfit, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring foot geometry
US6293026B1 (en) * 1998-12-31 2001-09-25 Osan College Method of measuring height of foot arch
US20020047228A1 (en) * 2000-10-02 2002-04-25 Sport Maska Inc. Method and apparatus for pressure molding multi-layer footwear
WO2002085208A1 (en) * 2001-04-23 2002-10-31 Amfit, Inc. Method and apparatus for measuring foot geometry
DE10206656A1 (en) * 2002-02-15 2003-08-28 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Molding tool comprises a container containing a granular filling material and a first fluid with a partially flexible fluid-tight wall and an opening for pumping fluid from the container
US6709617B2 (en) 2000-08-03 2004-03-23 Physicians Against Land Mines Prosthetic system
US20040076700A1 (en) * 2002-10-18 2004-04-22 Kawamura Gishi Co., Ltd. Amputated part holding apparatus and method for making mould of amputated part
US20050022406A1 (en) * 2003-07-28 2005-02-03 Bieganek Joseph S. Apparatus and method for evaluating clearance from a contoured seat cushion
US20050023872A1 (en) * 2003-07-28 2005-02-03 Hetzel Thomas R. Modular seat cushion with interlocking human support and base portions and method of creating and using a seat cushion
US20050025953A1 (en) * 2003-07-28 2005-02-03 Hetzel Thomas R. Individually-contoured seat cushion and shape capturing and fabricating method for seat cushion
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US20050022306A1 (en) * 2003-07-28 2005-02-03 Hetzel Thomas R. Reinforced and adjustable contoured seat cushion and method of reinforcing and adjusting the contoured seat cushion
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