US2463997A - Method of making integral external and internal finned tubing - Google Patents

Method of making integral external and internal finned tubing Download PDF

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Publication number
US2463997A
US2463997A US541002A US54100244A US2463997A US 2463997 A US2463997 A US 2463997A US 541002 A US541002 A US 541002A US 54100244 A US54100244 A US 54100244A US 2463997 A US2463997 A US 2463997A
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United States
Prior art keywords
fins
blank
external
internal
finned tubing
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Expired - Lifetime
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US541002A
Inventor
James S Rodgers
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CALUMET AND HECLA CONS COPPER
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CALUMET AND HECLA CONS COPPER
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/20—Making helical or similar guides in or on tubes without removing material, e.g. by drawing same over mandrels, by pushing same through dies ; Making tubes with angled walls, ribbed tubes and tubes with decorated walls
    • B21C37/207—Making helical or similar guides in or on tubes without removing material, e.g. by drawing same over mandrels, by pushing same through dies ; Making tubes with angled walls, ribbed tubes and tubes with decorated walls with helical guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/422—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element with outside means integral with the tubular element and inside means integral with the tubular element
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S29/00—Metal working
    • Y10S29/047—Extruding with other step
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49377—Tube with heat transfer means
    • Y10T29/49378—Finned tube
    • Y10T29/49382—Helically finned
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/4935—Heat exchanger or boiler making
    • Y10T29/49377—Tube with heat transfer means
    • Y10T29/49378—Finned tube
    • Y10T29/49384—Internally finned

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

J. 5. R0 5 2,463,997 METHOD OF MAKING I E L EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL FINNED TUBING Filed June 19, 1944 March 8, 1949.
mm .pn IA ,,l .1 v 1 941?? INVENTOR.
- JAMES S.RODGERS ATTORNEYS Patented 'Mar.
METHOD OF MAKING INTEGRAL F ZXTEBNAL AND INTERNAL FINNED TUBING James S. Rodgers, Detroit, Mlch.,. asslgnor to Calumet and Heels Consolidated Copper Company, Calumet; Mieln, a corporation of Michian A I l The invention relates to finned tubing designed for use in heat exchange apparatus and itis the primary objector the invention to obtain a-oonstructionhavlng higher heat exchange efliciency. In one form of finned tubing heretofore manufactured, radially extending helical this are extruded from the peripheral portion of a plain tube; Such construction is high in heat exchange capacity due to the fact that the metal in a structure thus formed has greater thermal conductivity than that in a cast construction. However, the limiting factor is the small areas. of the inner surface of the tube as compared with that of the external fin-surface.
It is the object of the instant invention to increase the emciency of such finned tubing by providing the same with inwardly projecting integral fins so as to greatly increase the area of contact with the fluid medium passing through the tube. However, as heretofore manufactured, the tubing has been supported on a mandrel within the same during the process of forming or extruding thev external helical fins. Consequently, the presence of internal fins might interfere with the use of such a mandrel. On the other hand, if the structure were to be formed by some other process, such as casting, then the thermal conductivity of the metal would be lowered reducing eificiency as a heat exchange medium. a
In view of the conditions-just described, my
. Application June 19, 1944, Serial No. 541,002 i (ores-457.3)
Fig. i is a diagrammatic view illustrating the method of forming the external fins.
As illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, my improved finned tubing has a body portion A provided with a plurality of radially inwardly projecting and longitudinally extending fins Bwhich are slightly twisted or of helical form. C are the external flns which may be either annular or helical but with a relatively large helix angle. The inner surface of the body portion A of the tubing has depressions A intermediate the fins C which impart a wavy or serpentine form to such surface.
The method of forming such finned tubing comprlsesessentially two steps. In the first stepa tubular blank D is formed by extrusion or other means, said blank having a cylindrical outer surface D and inwardly and longitudinally.
into the peripheral portion of the blank to a invention consists in a process or method by gible resistance to the flow of fluid therethrough.
The invention further consists in a method of imparting a wavy form to the internal surface of the tubing for increasing efllciency in heat exchange. I
The invention further consists in the novel product as hereinafter set forth.
In the drawings:
predetermined depth cutting a groove therein. The" succeeding discs F, F", etc. are progressively increased in width so as to axially compress the metal of the blank therebetween to extrude it radially. For directing the blank into engagement with the rollers it passes through a tubular external guide G. If the blank were not provided with the internal ribs D it would not have 'sufiicdent rigidity to withstand the-radially mward stresses produced by the rollers F. However, the trussing or reinforcement of theseribs will to a great extent resist such stresses while the external fins are being axially compressed and radially extruded. Nevertheless, there will be v a slight inward displacement of the wall of the tubing between the external fins while the Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal section through latter hold the portions in line therewith from such displacement. This will produce the wavy inner surface A previously described.
Dm'ing the formation of the external fins the blank will be subjected by the forming mechanism to certain internal stresseswhich result in a slight twisting about its axis. This will change the shape of the internal fins from a form parallel to the axis of the tubing to a slightly helical form.
It is also possible during the extrusion of the projectinggfins. Y The amount and the direction 0i twisting or these fins can also be controlled so that i! ltis desired to havethe internal fins of a particular helix angle, this may be controlled, first. by'imparting a predetermined helix angle to the extruded blank and, second, by modiiying this through the twisting of the blank which occurs when the external fins are being formed. In other words, it the-helix angle imparted by the external fin forming mechanism is greater than desired, then the blank may be extruded with a negative helix angle and the two operations will give just the angle desired.
WhatIclaimasmyinvention is: In a method of forming finned tubing, includ ing the step or extruding a tubular blank with integral fins and the step of developing by a transverse rolling operation external transversely extending fins from the peripheral portion of said extruded blank and simultaneously imparting a slight twist to the blank and the internal fins thereof; thestep of imparting a predetermined helixangle other than zero to the internal 'internally projecting longitudinally extending I blank to impart-a helical form some 1mm j fins dim; the extrusion of the blank to control the final new: angle or said internal fins at the completion oi' the external fin forming operation.
" JAMES s. RODGERS.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent: f
' UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name a Date 1,816,159 Smith July 28,1931 1,902,779 Hofiman Mar. 21, 1933 1,909.20! Pallgha May, 16, 1933 1,983,488 Kline Dec. 4, 1931 2,244,800 Pascale 'June 10, 1941 2,281,206 Schoen Apr. 28, 1942 2,281,207 Schoen Apr. 28, 1942 2,322,341 Booth June 22, 1948 L .1 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 846. Great Britain Feb. .21, 1882 111,528 Australia Sept. 12, 1940 531,503
Germany Aug. 10, 1931
US541002A 1944-06-19 1944-06-19 Method of making integral external and internal finned tubing Expired - Lifetime US2463997A (en)

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Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2586011A (en) * 1947-06-11 1952-02-19 Vadolt Trust Method of producing a soft, flexible, and resilient surface layer on bodies of a hard, nonresilient material and bodies produced thereby
US2733908A (en) * 1956-02-07 Recuperatcmt tube tdsj
DE941902C (en) * 1950-09-25 1956-04-19 Calumet & Hecla Form roll and method of making the same
US2978797A (en) * 1954-02-22 1961-04-11 Svenska Metallverken Ab Tubular finned metal sections and manufacture thereof
US3045452A (en) * 1960-02-29 1962-07-24 Whirlpool Co Absorber assembly
US3136037A (en) * 1955-10-31 1964-06-09 Olin Mathieson Method of constructing finned heat exchangers from bonded metal sheets
US3172194A (en) * 1962-08-29 1965-03-09 Olin Mathieson Metal fabrication
US3205048A (en) * 1960-12-22 1965-09-07 Dynamit Nobel Ag Process and apparatus for the simultaneous production of acetylene and ethylene
US3209550A (en) * 1962-10-01 1965-10-05 Charles S Charron Vehicle air conditioning unit
US3213525A (en) * 1961-02-10 1965-10-26 Babcock & Wilcox Co Method of forming an internal rib in the bore of a tube
US3215196A (en) * 1962-08-29 1965-11-02 Olin Mathieson Metal fabrication
US3481394A (en) * 1967-06-26 1969-12-02 Calumet & Hecla Corp Configuration of heat transfer tubing for vapor condensation on its outer surface
US3498370A (en) * 1968-05-06 1970-03-03 Joseph E Raggs Heat exchanger
US3595299A (en) * 1968-07-29 1971-07-27 Linde Ag Apparatus for the evaporation of low-temperature liquefied gases
US3596495A (en) * 1969-04-01 1971-08-03 Modine Mfg Co Heat transfer device and method of making
US3902552A (en) * 1973-05-10 1975-09-02 Olin Corp Patterned tubing
US4332294A (en) * 1978-04-06 1982-06-01 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Gas cooler with multiply deformed lead tubes
EP0123923A1 (en) * 1983-03-31 1984-11-07 Zaklady Urzadzen Chemicznych METALCHEM im. Wladyslawa Planetorza A method of drawing ribs on tubes
US6533030B2 (en) * 2000-08-03 2003-03-18 F.W. Brokelmann Aluminiumwerk Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat transfer pipe with spiral internal ribs
US20070131396A1 (en) * 2005-12-13 2007-06-14 Chuanfu Yu Condensing heat-exchange copper tube for an flooded type electrical refrigeration unit
US20070224565A1 (en) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-27 Briselden Thomas D Heat exchanging insert and method for fabricating same
US20180051432A1 (en) * 2016-08-18 2018-02-22 Ian R. Cooke Snow and Ice Melting Device, System and Corresponding Methods

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1816159A (en) * 1928-09-26 1931-07-28 Ralph Perkins Evaporator section
DE531503C (en) * 1931-08-10 Richard Kablitz Air heater with streamlined pipes in cross-section
US1902779A (en) * 1930-04-19 1933-03-21 Frank K Hoffman Method of making radiator elements
US1909207A (en) * 1929-11-16 1933-05-16 Charles H Mikody Smoke consumer
US1983466A (en) * 1933-11-14 1934-12-04 Joseph E Kline Oil cooler
US2244800A (en) * 1939-12-26 1941-06-10 Pascale Miguel Heat transfer tube
US2281206A (en) * 1939-06-17 1942-04-28 Bohn Aluminium & Brass Corp Heat exchange device
US2281207A (en) * 1939-06-17 1942-04-28 Bohn Aluminium & Brass Corp Method of manufacturing heat exchange devices
US2322341A (en) * 1940-01-27 1943-06-22 Morris F Booth Heat exchange unit

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE531503C (en) * 1931-08-10 Richard Kablitz Air heater with streamlined pipes in cross-section
US1816159A (en) * 1928-09-26 1931-07-28 Ralph Perkins Evaporator section
US1909207A (en) * 1929-11-16 1933-05-16 Charles H Mikody Smoke consumer
US1902779A (en) * 1930-04-19 1933-03-21 Frank K Hoffman Method of making radiator elements
US1983466A (en) * 1933-11-14 1934-12-04 Joseph E Kline Oil cooler
US2281206A (en) * 1939-06-17 1942-04-28 Bohn Aluminium & Brass Corp Heat exchange device
US2281207A (en) * 1939-06-17 1942-04-28 Bohn Aluminium & Brass Corp Method of manufacturing heat exchange devices
US2244800A (en) * 1939-12-26 1941-06-10 Pascale Miguel Heat transfer tube
US2322341A (en) * 1940-01-27 1943-06-22 Morris F Booth Heat exchange unit

Cited By (25)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2733908A (en) * 1956-02-07 Recuperatcmt tube tdsj
US2586011A (en) * 1947-06-11 1952-02-19 Vadolt Trust Method of producing a soft, flexible, and resilient surface layer on bodies of a hard, nonresilient material and bodies produced thereby
DE941902C (en) * 1950-09-25 1956-04-19 Calumet & Hecla Form roll and method of making the same
US2978797A (en) * 1954-02-22 1961-04-11 Svenska Metallverken Ab Tubular finned metal sections and manufacture thereof
US3136037A (en) * 1955-10-31 1964-06-09 Olin Mathieson Method of constructing finned heat exchangers from bonded metal sheets
US3045452A (en) * 1960-02-29 1962-07-24 Whirlpool Co Absorber assembly
US3205048A (en) * 1960-12-22 1965-09-07 Dynamit Nobel Ag Process and apparatus for the simultaneous production of acetylene and ethylene
US3213525A (en) * 1961-02-10 1965-10-26 Babcock & Wilcox Co Method of forming an internal rib in the bore of a tube
US3172194A (en) * 1962-08-29 1965-03-09 Olin Mathieson Metal fabrication
US3215196A (en) * 1962-08-29 1965-11-02 Olin Mathieson Metal fabrication
US3209550A (en) * 1962-10-01 1965-10-05 Charles S Charron Vehicle air conditioning unit
US3481394A (en) * 1967-06-26 1969-12-02 Calumet & Hecla Corp Configuration of heat transfer tubing for vapor condensation on its outer surface
US3498370A (en) * 1968-05-06 1970-03-03 Joseph E Raggs Heat exchanger
US3595299A (en) * 1968-07-29 1971-07-27 Linde Ag Apparatus for the evaporation of low-temperature liquefied gases
US3596495A (en) * 1969-04-01 1971-08-03 Modine Mfg Co Heat transfer device and method of making
US3902552A (en) * 1973-05-10 1975-09-02 Olin Corp Patterned tubing
US4332294A (en) * 1978-04-06 1982-06-01 Metallgesellschaft Aktiengesellschaft Gas cooler with multiply deformed lead tubes
EP0123923A1 (en) * 1983-03-31 1984-11-07 Zaklady Urzadzen Chemicznych METALCHEM im. Wladyslawa Planetorza A method of drawing ribs on tubes
US6533030B2 (en) * 2000-08-03 2003-03-18 F.W. Brokelmann Aluminiumwerk Gmbh & Co. Kg Heat transfer pipe with spiral internal ribs
US20070131396A1 (en) * 2005-12-13 2007-06-14 Chuanfu Yu Condensing heat-exchange copper tube for an flooded type electrical refrigeration unit
US7762318B2 (en) * 2005-12-13 2010-07-27 Golden Dragon Precise Copper Tube Group, Inc. Condensing heat-exchange copper tube for an flooded type electrical refrigeration unit
US20070224565A1 (en) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-27 Briselden Thomas D Heat exchanging insert and method for fabricating same
US8162040B2 (en) 2006-03-10 2012-04-24 Spinworks, LLC Heat exchanging insert and method for fabricating same
US20180051432A1 (en) * 2016-08-18 2018-02-22 Ian R. Cooke Snow and Ice Melting Device, System and Corresponding Methods
US10988904B2 (en) * 2016-08-18 2021-04-27 Ian R. Cooke Snow and ice melting device, system and corresponding methods

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