US2460632A - Spark plug thread lubricant - Google Patents

Spark plug thread lubricant Download PDF

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Publication number
US2460632A
US2460632A US660409A US66040946A US2460632A US 2460632 A US2460632 A US 2460632A US 660409 A US660409 A US 660409A US 66040946 A US66040946 A US 66040946A US 2460632 A US2460632 A US 2460632A
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United States
Prior art keywords
spark plug
weight
oil
per cent
plug thread
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US660409A
Inventor
Jr Bert Folda
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ExxonMobil Oil Corp
Original Assignee
Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc filed Critical Socony Vacuum Oil Co Inc
Priority to US660409A priority Critical patent/US2460632A/en
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Publication of US2460632A publication Critical patent/US2460632A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M5/00—Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/10—Compounds containing silicon
    • C10M2201/102—Silicates
    • C10M2201/103—Clays; Mica; Zeolites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/221—Six-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
    • C10M2215/225—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds the rings containing both nitrogen and oxygen
    • C10M2215/226—Morpholines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2215/30—Heterocyclic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/10—Semi-solids; greasy

Definitions

  • My invention relates to lubricants for use on spark plug threads.
  • Such compositions are mixtures of a finely divided solid lubricant with a lubricating oil, petrolatum, or grease, in which a major function of the solid lubricant is to remain in place after the thermal decomposition or volatilization of the hydrocarbon, in order that the spark plug may be removed when desired.
  • the heretofore preferred composition which has become accepted as standard, is a mixture of two parts powdered mica with three parts viscous p-arafiin-base lubricating oil. This has given satisfactory performance in many cases, but it has failed completely in the case of highcompression engines burning aromatic fuels, in which quite often such extreme force has been required to remove spark plugs that cylinderhead threads have been damaged. I have been unable to determine with certainty the cause of this failure, but I believe that the high temperatures of combustion cause the heavy paraffinic oil to leave, upon decomposition, a hard and extremely tenacious form of carbon which cements the mica crystals to one another and to the metal 7 surfaces.
  • the oil is a wholly distilled, naphthene-base lubricating oil having a gravity of about 20.4 A. P. I. and a Saybolt Universal viscosity of about 360 seconds at100 F.
  • the Mexican plumbago is a naturally occurring material consisting of approximately 85% graphite and clay, which is ground so finely that 100% passes through a IOU-mesh screen and at least 92% passes through a 325-mesh screen.
  • the clay is not, as might be supposed, a deleterious impurity; I believe it contributes substantially to the effectiveness of the composition.
  • Amine 220 is a product of the Carbon and Carbide Chemical Co., identified as l-hydroxyethyl-Z-heptadecenyl Glyoxalidine:
  • plumbago should constitute 30% to 50% of the whole, and the Amine 220 should be from 0.5% to 5.0% of the whole.
  • the naphthenic lubricat ing oil should have a gravity of between 195 and 21.5 A. P. I. and a viscosity of 200 to 400 seconds S. U. at 100 F.
  • Other forms of finely divided graphite may be substituted for the Mexican plumbago, but I prefer not to eliminate the naturally occurring clay.
  • a spark plug thread lubricant comprising: 30 to 50 per cent by weight of a solid lubricant consisting predominantly of graphite, 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight an oil-soluble hydroxy heterocyclic amine the molecular weight of which is between 300- and 400, and the remainder a naphthene-base lubricating oil.
  • a spark plug thread lubricant comprising: 30 to 50 per cent by weight a clay-bearing plumbago, 0.5. to 5.0 per cent by weight an oil-soluble hydroxy heterocyclic amine the molecular weight of which is between 300 and 400, and the remainder a naphthe'ne-base lubricating oil.
  • a spark plug thread lubricant comprising: to 42 per cent by weight graphite, 4.5 to 7.5 per cent by weight clay, 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight an oil-soluble hydroxy heterocyclic amine the molecular weight of which is between 300 and 400, and the remainder a naphthene-base lubricating oil.
  • a spark plug thread lubricant comprising: to per cent by weight of a solid lubricant consisting predominantly of graphite, 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight an oil-soluble hydroxy heretocyclic amine the molecular weight of which is between 300 and 400, and the remainder a naphthene-base lubricating oil having a gravity between 19.5 and 21.5 degrees A.
  • a solid lubricant consisting predominantly of graphite, 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight an oil-soluble hydroxy heretocyclic amine the molecular weight of which is between 300 and 400, and the remainder a naphthene-base lubricating oil having a gravity between 19.5 and 21.5 degrees A.
  • a spark plug thread lubricant comprising: 30 to 50 per cent by weight clay-bearing plumbago, 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight an oil-soluble vper cent by weight of l-hydroxyethyl Z-heptadecenyl glyoxalidine, and the remainder a naph- V thene-base lubricating oil.
  • a spark plug thread lubricant comprising: 30 to 50 per cent by weight of a solid lubricant consisting predominantly of graphite, 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight of an oil-soluble hydroxy heterocyclic amine the molecular weight of which is between 300 and 400, and the remainder a distilled hydrocarbon lubricating oil.
  • a spark plug thread lubricant comprising: 30 to 50 per cent by weight of a solid lubricant consisting predominantly of graphite, 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight of an oil-soluble hydroxy heterocyclic amine the molecular weight of which is between 300 and 400, and the remainder a lubricating oil.

Description

Patented Feb. 1, 1949 S'PARKZPLUGTTHREAU LUBRICAN T Bert'Folda, J12, Los Angeles; Califl, assignor. to .Socony-vacuum Oil Company, Incorporated, New York, N. Y., ancorporationzofiNewYork No: Drawing: Application April-8,1946,
j Serial No. 660,409
8 Claims.
My invention relates to lubricants for use on spark plug threads. Such compositions are mixtures of a finely divided solid lubricant with a lubricating oil, petrolatum, or grease, in which a major function of the solid lubricant is to remain in place after the thermal decomposition or volatilization of the hydrocarbon, in order that the spark plug may be removed when desired.
The heretofore preferred composition, which has become accepted as standard, is a mixture of two parts powdered mica with three parts viscous p-arafiin-base lubricating oil. This has given satisfactory performance in many cases, but it has failed completely in the case of highcompression engines burning aromatic fuels, in which quite often such extreme force has been required to remove spark plugs that cylinderhead threads have been damaged. I have been unable to determine with certainty the cause of this failure, but I believe that the high temperatures of combustion cause the heavy paraffinic oil to leave, upon decomposition, a hard and extremely tenacious form of carbon which cements the mica crystals to one another and to the metal 7 surfaces.
Percent by weight Naphthenic oil 59 Mexican plumbago 39 Amine '220 2 In this preferred formula, the oil is a wholly distilled, naphthene-base lubricating oil having a gravity of about 20.4 A. P. I. and a Saybolt Universal viscosity of about 360 seconds at100 F.
The Mexican plumbago is a naturally occurring material consisting of approximately 85% graphite and clay, which is ground so finely that 100% passes through a IOU-mesh screen and at least 92% passes through a 325-mesh screen. The clay is not, as might be supposed, a deleterious impurity; I believe it contributes substantially to the effectiveness of the composition.
Amine 220 is a product of the Carbon and Carbide Chemical Co., identified as l-hydroxyethyl-Z-heptadecenyl Glyoxalidine:
which functions principally in this composition as an agent for preventing the separation of the 2 solid and liquid phases during storage of the compound.
Considerable variation from the above formula is permissible, depending upon the consistency desired in the finished product. However, the
, plumbago should constitute 30% to 50% of the whole, and the Amine 220 should be from 0.5% to 5.0% of the whole. The naphthenic lubricat ing oil should have a gravity of between 195 and 21.5 A. P. I. and a viscosity of 200 to 400 seconds S. U. at 100 F. Other forms of finely divided graphite may be substituted for the Mexican plumbago, but I prefer not to eliminate the naturally occurring clay.
In the attempt to find equivalents for Amine 220 I have tested numerous commercially available dispersing agents, but I have found none which consistently inhibits separation of the oil from the graphite to an adequate degree. However, it is apparent that substances closely similar to Amine 220 in chemical structure, although not readily available at present, are capable of replacing Amine 220 in the composition.
I claim as my invention:
1. A spark plug thread lubricant comprising: 30 to 50 per cent by weight of a solid lubricant consisting predominantly of graphite, 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight an oil-soluble hydroxy heterocyclic amine the molecular weight of which is between 300- and 400, and the remainder a naphthene-base lubricating oil.
2. A spark plug thread lubricant comprising: 30 to 50 per cent by weight a clay-bearing plumbago, 0.5. to 5.0 per cent by weight an oil-soluble hydroxy heterocyclic amine the molecular weight of which is between 300 and 400, and the remainder a naphthe'ne-base lubricating oil.
3. A spark plug thread lubricant comprising: to 42 per cent by weight graphite, 4.5 to 7.5 per cent by weight clay, 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight an oil-soluble hydroxy heterocyclic amine the molecular weight of which is between 300 and 400, and the remainder a naphthene-base lubricating oil.
4.. A spark plug thread lubricant comprising: to per cent by weight of a solid lubricant consisting predominantly of graphite, 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight an oil-soluble hydroxy heretocyclic amine the molecular weight of which is between 300 and 400, and the remainder a naphthene-base lubricating oil having a gravity between 19.5 and 21.5 degrees A. P. I.
5. A spark plug thread lubricant comprising: 30 to 50 per cent by weight clay-bearing plumbago, 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight an oil-soluble vper cent by weight of l-hydroxyethyl Z-heptadecenyl glyoxalidine, and the remainder a naph- V thene-base lubricating oil.
7. A spark plug thread lubricant comprising: 30 to 50 per cent by weight of a solid lubricant consisting predominantly of graphite, 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight of an oil-soluble hydroxy heterocyclic amine the molecular weight of which is between 300 and 400, and the remainder a distilled hydrocarbon lubricating oil.
8. A spark plug thread lubricant comprising: 30 to 50 per cent by weight of a solid lubricant consisting predominantly of graphite, 0.5 to 5.0 per cent by weight of an oil-soluble hydroxy heterocyclic amine the molecular weight of which is between 300 and 400, and the remainder a lubricating oil.
BERT FOLDA, JR.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,176,879 Bartell Oct. 24, 1939 2,214,152 Wilkes Sept. 10,1940
US660409A 1946-04-08 1946-04-08 Spark plug thread lubricant Expired - Lifetime US2460632A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2623852A (en) * 1949-12-19 1952-12-30 Shell Dev Oil composition
DE1025085B (en) * 1954-10-08 1958-02-27 Alpha Molykote Corp Stabilizers for the suspension of molybdenum disulfide and / or tungsten disulfidine lubricating oils
US2842837A (en) * 1956-04-17 1958-07-15 United States Steel Corp Method of working wire and a lubricant therefor
DE1908098A1 (en) * 1968-02-20 1969-09-04 British Petroleum Co Lubricant mixtures

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2176879A (en) * 1937-11-20 1939-10-24 Acheson Colloids Corp Method of disintegrating, dispersing and stabilizing graphite and product
US2214152A (en) * 1938-02-18 1940-09-10 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Oil composition

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2176879A (en) * 1937-11-20 1939-10-24 Acheson Colloids Corp Method of disintegrating, dispersing and stabilizing graphite and product
US2214152A (en) * 1938-02-18 1940-09-10 Carbide & Carbon Chem Corp Oil composition

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2623852A (en) * 1949-12-19 1952-12-30 Shell Dev Oil composition
DE1025085B (en) * 1954-10-08 1958-02-27 Alpha Molykote Corp Stabilizers for the suspension of molybdenum disulfide and / or tungsten disulfidine lubricating oils
US2842837A (en) * 1956-04-17 1958-07-15 United States Steel Corp Method of working wire and a lubricant therefor
DE1908098A1 (en) * 1968-02-20 1969-09-04 British Petroleum Co Lubricant mixtures

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