US2438469A - Method and apparatus for converting bulk filament into staples - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for converting bulk filament into staples Download PDF

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US2438469A
US2438469A US477608A US47760843A US2438469A US 2438469 A US2438469 A US 2438469A US 477608 A US477608 A US 477608A US 47760843 A US47760843 A US 47760843A US 2438469 A US2438469 A US 2438469A
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web
staples
rolls
roll
filaments
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Robert C Wilkie
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Pacific Mills
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Pacific Mills
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G1/00—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling
    • D01G1/06—Converting tows to slivers or yarns, e.g. in direct spinning
    • D01G1/10—Converting tows to slivers or yarns, e.g. in direct spinning by cutting

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  • This invention relates to a process and machine for converting bulk filament, such as rayon, of continuous lengths into a sliver of drafted and separated staples ready to be drawn and spun into yarn either alone or after mixing with other bers suchI as wool. Its object is to produce an even, self-sustaining sliver without the necessity for picking, carding, gillng, combing or the like.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of the right-hand, inlet end of a machine made in accordance with the preferred embodiment of my invention
  • Fig. 2 is a side elevation view of the portion of the machine shown in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of the left-hand, delivery end of the machine showing some parts in common with Fig. 1 to indicate how the two views combine to show the entire machine;
  • Fig. 4 is a side elevation view of the portion of the machine shown in Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged plan view of the upper fracturing roll showing its effect on the web of continuous filaments
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical section of the debonding apparatus
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged side elevation view, partly in section on the line 'l-l of Fig. 3, showing the collecting cylinder;
  • Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic vertical section showing the shearing action
  • Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic side elevation view of the driving mechanism.
  • Fig. 10 is a side elevation view of a modification
  • Fig. 11 is a side elevation view of a further modification.
  • the rst step is to collect the continuous filaments and spread them into a at web. To accomplish this, they are drawn from spools i30 (Fig. 1) and led through apertures E38 in a guide frame M to feed rolls
  • the next step is to cut or fracture the web into oblique strips I6 (Fig. 5) extending at an angle to the line of feed, preferably of about 10. This is accomplished by one, or more, blunt helical steel threads i4 on the periphery of roll i0 which are pressed strongly against the web supported by the plain metal surface of roll I 2.
  • the lengths of the staples between the cuts or fractures may be varied by presenting the web to the threads at dierent angles by moving the frame
  • the next step is to separate the ends of staples which are stuck together by portions of the filaments which were crushed and spread by the blunt threads I4 and to break off those portions.
  • This is accomplished by rolls 24, 26 (Fig. 6), having iiutes 32 and 34 respectively, in cooperation with rolls 20, 22 of slower peripheral speed than that of the surfaces of the uted rolls and with roll 28 and apron 36 of faster surface speed.
  • the iiutes are spaced apart so that they can move relatively to the web.
  • Another step is to advance the staples lying on top of the web with respect to those below, an operation which I call shearing This is acm complished by rolls 28, 44 and 46, which bear on the top staples and have a greater peripheral speed than the surface of an apron 36, on which the bottom staples rest. Further shearing is ac-L complished in the same way by the rolls 62, 6tand 66 and apron 60.
  • Another step is to draft the staples by the greater surface speed of the rolls or aprons by which they are successively engaged.
  • the final step is to roll this web helically into a sliver 2 disposed diagonally across the line of travel of the web and deliver it lengthwise into a receiving trumpet 408.
  • the web of staples is delivered by rolls 80, 82 to moving apron 86 and is picked up and wound on itself by a cylinder
  • Static electricity in the web is reduced by the metallic rollers 92 and 94 electrically connected to the frame and by moistening the apron 86 with water from a tank 2
  • the sliver drawn through the trumpet
  • 'I'he sliver thus formed is very even in density so that it may be drawn and spun into yarn just as a sliver of wool or cotton is drawn and spun. Its staple bers are evenly distributed with none lying conterminously. If varying length staples have been made at the fracturing rolls, every sample of the sliver will show a good graduation of length. If a wool-rayon mix yarn is desired, the sliver can be made with a graduation of staple length approximating that in the wool top with which it is to be blended and the sliver and top, when blended, will produce a wool-rayon top that can be drawn and spun into yarn in accordance with the conventional worsted system. Similarly a cotton rayon mix can ⁇ be obtained.
  • the filaments are thus collected and spread into a web on the roll
  • 48 are positively driven by mechanism to be described at a peripheral speed which is slightly less than that at which rolls I0 and I2 are driven, so that the filaments between the two sets of rolls are under tension and are, therefore, straightened and parallelized as they reach the fracturing roll I0, I2. vThis tension also reduces crimp where crimped iilaments are employed.
  • the helical threads I4 on the upper fracturing roll I0 are preferably not sharpened but have fiat or slightly rounded 'edges which crush the web of filaments supported by the lower roll I2. I have found that a breadthat the edge of $654 of an inch gives satisfactory results.
  • the threads on the roll l0 may be iiush with the surface of the rubbery composition
  • 60 which iills the spaces between the threads, but are preferably slightly countersunk in the composition.
  • the pressure betweenthe rolls forces the composition back, exposing the edges of the threads for fracturing the iilaments.
  • the pressure of the composition against the filaments enables the rolls I0 and I2 to feed the web and also prevents any objectionable movement of the :filaments axially of the rolls.
  • the roll I0 is cleaned of pieces of staple by the brush
  • 84 is stripped by the card clothing on roll
  • the staple accumulates in the clothing where it is compacted by brush
  • the lower roll I2 is made of hardened tough steel alloy and presents a smooth, hard surface which supports the web 8 under the pressure of the upper roll I0.
  • 'I'he roll l0 is mounted in spring-pressed bearings I 62 which apply a heavy pressure, of the order of several tons, to press the roll I0 down on the roll I2 to sever or fracture the filaments.
  • the rolls I0 and I2 are rotated by mechanism to be described and are geared together for equal surface speeds by intermeshing gears 322 and 324 (Fig. 9) at both ends of the rolls.
  • intermeshing gears 322 and 324 Fig. 9
  • one of the rolls is slightly larger than the other and one of the gears in each pair may have one tooth more than the other gear.
  • the threads on the upper roll I0 cut or fracture the web of filaments 8 into steeply oblique strips extending at an inclination determined by the angle of the threads with relation to the axis of the cutting roll. For best results, this angle should be about 80 but it may, of course, be varied and should not be less than 60. I have obtained goodresults with an angle as great as 88.
  • the acutely inclined cut leaves the ends of lat- Verally adjacent staples successively behind one another. This causes the ends of the relatively advanced staples to be gripped and further advanced, relatively to those behind them, by the rolls and aprons to which they are thereafter delivered along the line X of Fig. 5 and the length y of the cut staple is the distance a, perpendicular to the axis of the roll I0, between successive cuts I5 made by the threads.
  • the frame is moved to the left the web of filaments is deliveredA at a slight angle, as shown at Y, Fig. 5, to this perpendicular. And when the frame is to the right the lament web is delivered at the angle shown by Z.
  • rolls 20, 22 which are power driven to rotate at the same surface speed, which is preferably the same as that of rolls and I2, or slightly greater.
  • the ratch between rolls 20, 22 and rolls 24, 26 and the ratch between rolls 24, 26 and the entering nip of roll 28 and apron 36 are both shorter than the length of the shortest staple cut by roll I0.
  • the rolls 20, 22 nip the staples and restrain the trailing ends of those staples whose leading ends are being worked and .wiped by the flutes 32, 34 on rolls 24, 26.
  • the rolls 20, 22, being small may be placed very close to the rolls 24, 26 and thereby restrain very short lengths of staples whose leading ends are between rolls 24, 26.
  • the uted rolls 24 and 26 are geared together by gears 336 and 338 (Fig. 9) to rotate at a surface speed greater than that of rolls 20 and 22.
  • the fiutes of these rolls do not mesh together but merely enter to a limited extent the spaces between the flutes on the opposite roll and this spacing is effected by employinga large enough diameter for these gears.
  • the spacing laterally between the adjacent sides of opposite flutes is suicient so that the web and flutes can be moved relative to each other and this spacing can be adjusted by using the same number of flutes on both rolls and driving gears on'both rolls having one tooth more than the number of flutes, so that the relative positions of opposite flutes can be varied by selecting different meshing positions of the driving gears.
  • the web of staples is then delivered to apron 36, running over rolls 30, 38, 40 and 42 and returning around roll 43. Between successive rolls 30, 38 and 40 and 42 are upper rolls 28,-44 and 46 against which the apron 36 presses. Rolls 28, 44 and 46 are scratch iluted for better frictional engagement with the staples pressed against them by the belt. The amount of this pressure can be adjusted by mounting roll 43 in vertically adjustable bearings.
  • 'Ihe surface speed of rolls 28, 44 and 46 is greater than the surface speed of the apron 36 on which the web of staples lies, so that the rolls advancev the upper staples of the web with respect to the staples lying beneath them, as indicated diagrammatically ln Fig. 8.
  • 'I'here is thus effected a separation and relative movement of the staples of the web vertically with respect to each other, which I call a "shearing action.
  • the staples which were vertically aligned depthwise of the fracture line now flare out of vertical alignment with some ends protruding more than others. Thereby, depthwise through the web, upper staples are advanced with relation to those beneath them.
  • the staples are next presented to a further set of drafting rolls 50, 52, the lower of which is scratch fluted, of the same peripheral speed, which is greater than that of rolls 28, 44 and 46.
  • the rolls 58, 52 positively nip the sta). es and draw them out from between the apron 36 and the upper rolls 28, 44 and 46 which press against the staples with less firmness than the nip of rolls 50, 52.
  • the web of staples passes from the nip of rolls 50, 52 to the apron 60, which passes over rolls 68, l0, 'l2 and 14 and under adjustably mounted tension roll 16.
  • the rolls 62, 64 and 66 which are scratch uted, bear down on the staple web between the rolls 68, 10, 'l2 and '14 and are run at a peripheral speed faster than the surface speed of the apron, whereby a further shearing action is effected.
  • the ratch between rolls 50, 52 and the entering line of engagement between roll 62 and apron 68 may be considerably less than the staple length because, although rolls 50, 52 positively nip the staples, the rolls 62, 64 and 66 press less firmly against them and will slip over staples held back by rolls 5
  • a final pair of positive nip draft rolls and 82 rotates faster perlpherally th'anrolls 62, 64 and 66 to effect a further drafting.
  • the roll 80 is stripped of loose staples by the stripper 202 provided With felt.
  • the staple web delivered to the apron 86 is made up of non-conterminous staples having leading and trailing ends disposed haphazard throughout the web, and the web is thin compared with the web of filament 8 which was delivered to the fracturing rolls.
  • Rolls 92 and 94 having metallic surfaces electrically connected to the frame of the machine, are eective to conduct away static electricity. Both rolls idle ron the web carried by apron-86. Roll 92 is of small diameter and is placed close to roll 80 so as to strip it of any adhering staples. Similarly, roll 94 strips roll 92 and carries the stripped pieces to the web.
  • I preferably also humidify the room in which my machine is operated so that the air has a relative humidity of about 60 to 65%.
  • apron 86 For other types of rayon, such as cellulose acetate, which present a more severe static problem, I also apply a limited amount of moisture to the apron 86.
  • the bottom of the apron as it is moved rearward, picks up water taken from a tank 2
  • 2 is felt covered and the roll 2
  • 4 is power rotated in the same direction as that of the surface of the apron which it contacts and at a slower adjustable surface speed, so that the apron wipes the roll 2
  • the quantity of moisture deposited is determined in part by the depth and spacing of the scratch flutes on the roll 2I4 and may be varied by changing the relative speeds of roll 2
  • the final step is to wind the staple web into a helical sliver.
  • 00 has ribs
  • the ribs b arely touch the apron.
  • the cylinder rotates it winds up the thin web of staple fibers into a helical roll of sliver 2 which is drawn off through rotating trumpet
  • the axis of cylinder extends obliquely to the direction of advance of the web and its inclination is opposite to the inclination of the lines of fracture
  • 00 is effective, not only to roll up the staple fibers and enable them to be drawn oi the apron in helical form, but it also abruptly opposes any approaching gaps so that the staples are collected in a sliver that has no thin places.
  • 02 should be in the direction shown so that their apparent travel when the cylinder rotates is in the direction of advance of the sliver 2.
  • 00 may be kept free of stray fibers by the use of an air jet 220 (Fig. 7) over it and having apertures 222 ⁇ through which streams of air are directed downwardly against the cylinder.
  • a stationary guide shield 226 having an e larged lip 228 guides the sliver as it is delivered to the rotating trumpet
  • 'I'he trumpet may be provided with a sliver-receiving throat 240, triangular in cross section, so that its rotation in the direction indicated imparts a similar rotation to the sliver and aids in winding it up into helical form.
  • 2 are power'driven to draw the sliver from cylinder
  • the machine is preferably equipped with a stop motion finger which lightly rests on the sliver between the stationary and rotating trumpets and stops the machine automatically if the sliver should break.
  • the sliver After the sliver hasv been formed and conducted away from the apron 86 it may be provided with an anti-static oil finish of conventional sort for inhibiting the generation of static in subsequent processing operations.
  • Any suitable type of drive of which the one shown in Fig. 9 is typical, may be employed to obtain the proper relative speeds of rolls and aprons.
  • 300 is the main power shaft rotated counterclockwise as by the motor diagrammatically shown at 302.
  • a sprocket 304 fixed to shaft 300 carries a chain 306 which rotates a sprocket 308 fixed to the shaft i2 to rotate the fracturing roll
  • 0 also fixed toy shaft I2', is connected by chain 3
  • 46 meshes both with gear 3
  • the lower fracturing roll I2 drives the upper roll
  • Roll 20 is driven from shaft I0' at the same surface speed as roll I0 or slightly faster by chain 326 running over sprocket 328 fixed to shaft I0 and sprocket 330 on shaft 20.
  • Lower roll 22 is driven by gear 332 fixed to shaft 22 and meshing with gear 334 fixed to shaft 20.
  • the debonding rolls 24 and 26 are geared together by gears 336 on shaft 24 and 338 on shaft 26'.
  • chain 340 extending around sprocket 342 is driven by a sprocket 344 fixed to power shaft 300.
  • Rolls 28, 44 and 46 are driven at surface speeds greater than that of rolls 24, 26 by chain 346 extending around sprocket 348 on shaft 24 and around smaller sprocket 350 on shaft 28.
  • Roll 44 is driven from roll 28 at the same surface speed by chain 352 passing around sprockets 354 and 356 on shafts 28 and 44.respectively.
  • Roll 46 is driven from roll 44 at the same surface speed by chain 358 passing around sprockets 360 and 362 fixed to shafts 44' and 46' respectively.
  • Apron 36 is advanced at a surface speed less than that of rolls 28, 44 and 46 but greater than that of rolls 24, 26 by suitably power driving the two end apron supporting rolls 30 and 42.
  • Chain 366 passes around sprockets 388 and 318 fixed to shafts 30 and 42 respectively and around sprocket 368 fixed to jack shaft 310 which is f 9 driven from-shaft 300 by chain 312 passing around sprockets 314 and 316, fixed to shafts 310 and 300 respectively.
  • Rolls 50, 52 are geared together by gear 400 on shaft 50 and gear 402 on shaft 52. The lower of these rolls is driven at the relative speed above described by chain 404 passing aroundv sprocket 406 on shaft 52 and sprocket 408 on shaft d2.
  • Rolls 62, 64 and 66 are connected by chains and sprockets and the power is derived from shaft 50' through chain 4
  • the shafts of the end rolls 68 and 14 supporting belt 60 carry sprockets driven by a chain 4
  • Rolls 00, 82 are geared together by gear 430 on shaft 80' and gear 432 on shaft 82'.
  • the shaft 80' may be driven from shaft 66' employing sprocket 434 on the latter driving chain 1336 extending around sprocket 438 fixed to the former.
  • Cylinder is rotated by belt 462 passing around pulley 460 on the cylinder and pulley 464 on shaft 466 rotated from shaft 422 by bevel gears 468.
  • Trumpetl may conveniently be driven by ring gear 5
  • Rolls H0 and i2 are geared together by gears 5
  • aprons 36 and 60 shown in Fig. 1, lower sets of rolls which, with the upper rolls, are so arranged as to effect the drafting and depthwlse shear of the staples.
  • the iiuted rolls 24 and 26 may be followed by upper and lower rolls 236 and 232 which positively nip the staples and rotate faster peripherally than the rolls 20, 22 to effect drafting and the removal of mashed fragments of laments as the staples are advanced through the rolls 24, 26.
  • An apron 234 is interposed between the rolls 230 and 232 to avoid damage to the staples.
  • the web 8 is delivered by these rolls to a set of rolls numbered consecutively from 240 to 25
  • are carrier rolls to support the web extending from rolls 230, 232 to rolls 242, 243.
  • Rolls 242, 243 are spaced from rolls 230, 232 by a ratch approximating the staple length, or the maximum staple length if there is a variation.
  • Roll 243 rotates faster than roll 232, and roll 242 rotates faster than roll 243.
  • the speed difference between rolls 242 and 243 is preferably as much as 50%, although curling of the staples by excess speed of the top roll should, of course, be avoided.
  • Rolls 242, 243 are spaced a very slight distance from each other, for example, .002 inch for a web of about le inch average thickness, to advance the staples frictionally and slip draft them. At least one of the' rolls 242, 243 is preferably covered with 10 l rubber or other resilient material to -avoid damage to the staples and, because of this resiliency, the spacing of .002 inch may be varied considerably with good results. n
  • are spaced from each .other a more substantial amount, which may be greater than the web thickness at this point. They are geared together by gears 256 and 258 to rotate at ,the same peripheral speed, which is preferably between the speed of roll 243 and that of roll 232. Because of the comparatively wide separation of the carriers 240 and 24
  • a further lengthwise draft and depthwlse shear is effected by the rolls 246, 241 with intervening rolls 244, 245 acting as carriers.
  • the final pair of carriers 248, 240 conveys the staple to the apron 86, from which it is collected in sliver form.
  • the apparatus in Fig. 11 may be employed, having a plurality of upper rolls cooperating with a single lower roll.
  • the lower roll 243a corresponds, for example, with the roll 243 in the embodiment of Fig. 10.
  • are shown on the right and 244, 245 are shown on the left. I have found that the use of a plurality of small rolls cooperating with a single larger roll gives a better surface contact with the web and effects a better depthwise shear than ka pair of opposite rolls.
  • My machine may be used on types of extruded filaments other than rayon. I have found that with some types of filament a depthwlse shear may be obtained through the use of upper rolls which are not power driven but rotate idly by surface contact with the web. Friction causes the upper rolls to drag behind the lower belt or rolls so that the upper surface of the web moves slower than its bottom surface.
  • the utility of my invention is not limited to its use on rayon or even on other extruded filaments.
  • a continuous sliver of long fibers of any sort, whether animal, vegetable or artificial, is processed in my machine the individual lengths of the fibers may be shortened and a sliver of drafted staples made from it just as herein described with relation to the conversion of continuous filaments.
  • Apparatus for producing a sliver of drafted staples from a web of filaments which includes means for fracturing theweb along lines running l 1 across the web dividing the web into strips, each strip being composed of staples having fractured leading ends aligned with each other along the forward fracture line of the strip, a plurality of sets of staple-separating elements engaging the web along predetermined lines across its opposite surfaces and through which the staples pass, at
  • the fracturing mechanism and the staple-separating mechanism being so disposed relative to each other that said lines of fracture and of element engagement form a predetermined angle relative to each other such that the aligned leading ends p of staples in a given laver are engaged and advanced successively rather than simultaneously by opposed moving elements and said collecting cylinder being so disposed with relation to the said fracturing means that the said line of collection has an inclination diagonally opposite to the lines of fracture whereby the drafted staples are collected into a self-sustaining sliver.
  • Apparatus for producing a sliver of drafted staples from a web of filaments which comprises a pair of filament fracturing rolls, means to drive said rolls. one of said rolls having a hard unyielding surface and thev other of said rolls having on its surface a blunt hard-surfaced helical thread. the anale of inclination of the helix to the axis of the roll being between 60 and 88 to fracture the web into oblique strips inclined to the direction of travel of the web from 2 to 30. each strip being composed of staples having their leading ends ou an oblique line extending across the web.
  • a plurality of opposed web-engaging elements so mounted that the line of their entween 60 and 88 with said oblique line, means to drive said web-engaging elements at surface i speeds greater than the surface speed of the fracturing rolls, said elements gripping and pulling the staples of said strip in succession as the forgagement with the web makes an angle of beward ends of said staples successively enter the l line of engagement of said elements to advance a with relation to the staples adjacent to the other surface of said web.
  • an apron adapted to receive the cut and drafted staples, means to drive said apron at a speed at least as great as the peripheral speed of a web-engagingr element immediately preceding it.
  • a cylinder in proximity to the apron having its axis oblique to the direction of travel of said staples at an inclination which l is in the same direction as the inclination of said helix and diagonally opposite to the inclination of said oblique strips.
  • Apparatus for producing a sliver oi drafted staples of different lengths from a web of filaments which comprises a pair of filament fracturing rolls, means to drive said rolls, one of said rolls having a hard unyielding surface and the other of said rolls having on its surface a blunt hard-surfaced helical thread, the angle of inclination of the helix to the axis of the roll being between 60 and 88, means for guiding the web to said fracturing rolls at different inclinations relative to said inclination of the helix to fracture the web into oblique strips of staples of different lengths, each strip being composed of staples having their leading ends on an oblique lineextending across the web, a plurality of opposed web-engaging elements so mounted that the line of their engagement with the web makes an angle of between 60 and 88 with said oblique line, means to-drive said web-engaging elements at surface speeds greater than the surface speed of the fracturing rolls, said elements gripping and pulling the
  • a cylinder in proximity to the apron having its axis oblique to the direction of travel of said staples at an inclination which is in the same direction as the inclination of said helix and diagonally opposite to the inclination of said oblique strips, means to drive said cylinder at a peripheral speed at least as great as the speed of said apron with the surface of said cylinder in proximity to the apron advancing in the direction opposite to the direction of travel of said apron, said cylinder being adapted to contact with said staples on said apron and to form said staples into a helical roll of sliver and to guide said sliver roll to advance in the direction of its axis.
  • Apparatus for producing staples from a web of filaments which includes in combination means for fracturing the web of filaments into staples, and means for removing from adjacent fractured ends of the staples mashed fragments of filament bcnding them together comprising three sucat a peripheral speed greater than that of the first set so that the leading ends of staples grasped by the first set of rolls are wiped by said fiutings to remove fragments therefrom, and means for rotating the third set of rolls at a 4peripheral speed greater than that of the second set so that the trailing ends of staples advanced by the third set of rolls are caused to pursue said serpentine path to remove further fragments therefrom.
  • Apparatus for producing staples from a web of filaments which includes in combination means for fracturing the web of filaments into staples, and means for debonding adjacent fractured ends of the staples comprising three successive sets of rolls throughwhich the staples pass, the first and last sets of which rolls positively grasp and advance the staples and the intermediate set ofwhich rolls presents opposed flutings which intermesh with each other but are so spaced apart as to present an open serpentine path through which the staples are advanced by said first and last sets of rolls so that fragments of mashed filament bonding together the fractured ends of staples are removed.
  • Apparatus for producing a sliver of staples from a web of filaments which includes means for fracturing the web into staples, means for drafting and shearing the said staples, and means for rolling the staples into a sliver, comprising' a traveling conveyor for supporting and advancing the staple web, a longitudinally ribbed cylinder disposed at an inclination to the path of advance of the conveyor and in proximity thereto, and means for rotating the cylinder in a direction opposite to the advance of the conveyor to roll the web of staples into a sliver.
  • Apparatus as defined in claim 7 which also includes a member contacting the staples adapted to conduct away static electricity therefrom and means for applying moisture to the staples and to the apron in a predetermined controlled amount sufiicient to remove further static electricity from the staples but insuflicient to cause the staples to adhere to said conveyor.
  • Apparatus for producing a sliver of staples from a web of filaments which includes means for fracturing the web along lines inclined obliquely thereof to fracture the filamentl into staples, means for drafting the staples, an apron adapted to receive the fractured and drafted staples, a cylinder in proximity to the apron having its axis oblique to the direction of travel of said staples at an inclination which is in the opposite direction to the inclination of said fractures, means to drive said cylinder at a peripheral speed at least as great as the speed of said apron with the cylinder rotated oppositely to the direction of travel of said apron, said cylinder being adapted to contact with said staples on said apron and to form said staples into a helical roll of sliver, and means for withdrawing said said sliver roll in the direction of its axis.
  • an apparatus for producing a web of staples from a Web'of filaments the process which includes the steps of fracturing the web of laments into staples and separating the staples in said web depthwise by advancing the web in the direction of their length while frictionally engaging the upper and lower faces of said web and driving one of said faces at a speed at least 25% faster than the other of said faces.
  • a method of converting a web of filaments into a sliver of drafted staples the steps of fracturing said web into strips disposed obliquely at an angle of less than 30 to the longitudinal axis of the web to produce fractured staples. separating the staples in different horizontal planes in said web depthwise by-advancing the web in the direction of their length while frictionally engaging the upper and lower faces of said web and positively driving one of said faces at a lower speed than the other of said faces and thereafter drafting the staples in said web to effect a longitudinal separation of said staples.
  • the method of converting a web of filaments into a sliver of drafted staples of different lengths in a continuous movement which method consists in feeding said web to fracturing means, fracturing said web along steeply oblique lines, varying the angle in the plane of said web at which said web is fed to said fracturing means to produce obliquely extending strips of staples of varying lengths, drafting said staples in said strips to produce a thin web of drafted staples of a variety of lengths and forming said thin web into a sliver.
  • a method of converting a web of filaments into a web of drafted staples of different lengths the steps which consist in feeding said web to fracturing means, fracturing said web along steeply oblique lines and varying the angle in the plans of said web at which said web is fed to said fracturing means to produce obliquely extending strips of staples of different lengths.
  • Apparatus for producing a web of staples from a web of filaments having a main driving shaft, means driven from said shaft for fracturing the web of filaments into staples, mechanism for advancing the web of fractured staples in the direction of their length to separate them depthi wise, said mechanism including an upper means having a movable surface frictionally engaging the upper face of the fractured web and a lower means having a movable surface frictionally engaging the lower face of the fractured web and driving means driven from said shaft for driving each of said means and including devices to drive one of said means at a surface speed at least 25% faster than the surface speed of the other.
  • Apparatus for producing a sliver from a web of filaments which includes in combination a pair of fracturing rolls comprising a smooth hard-surfaced roll and a roll having thereon blunt threads adapted to fracture the filaments supported on the smooth roll by pressure thereagainst, said threads being inclined at a steeply oblique angle to the axis of the roll, means for varying the angle in the plane of said web at which said web is fed to said fracturing rolls to vary the lengths of the staples fractured by said threads, means for debonding said fractured staples, means following said debonding means to separate said staples in horizontal planes,
  • Apparatus for producing staples from a web of filaments which includes in combination i a pair of fracturing rolls comprising a smooth hard-surfaced roll and a roll having thereon blunt l threads adapted to fracture the filaments supported on the smooth roll by pressure thereagainst, said threads being inclined at a steeply oblique angle to the axis of the roll, and means for varying the angle in the plane of said web at which said web is fed to said fracturing rolls to vary the lengths of the staples fractured by said threads.
  • the method oi' converting filaments of textile fibers into a sliver of cut lengths which comprises forming a plurality of laments into a fiat web, fracturing said web into steeply oblique strips of fractured fibers, the ends of laterally adjacent fibers in a strip lying in an acute oblique line ⁇ diagonal to said web, drafting the bers to form a web of cut drafted fibers, rolling 170 said web into a sliver having its axis diagonally disposed to the direction of the feed of the web and oppositely disposed to the diagonal ⁇ line on which said strips have been fractured and advancing said sliver axially over said web.
  • Apparatus for producing a sliver of cut lengths from a web of ber filaments which comprises means for fracturing the fibers of said web, means for drafting said fractured fibers, and means for rolling the fractured'drafted fibers into a sliver comprising a traveling conveyor for supporting and advancing the web of fractured fibers, a ribbed cylinder disposed diagonally to the direction of advance of the conveyor and in proximity thereto and means for rotating the cylinder in a direction opposite to the advance of the conveyor to roll the web of fractured drafted fibers into a sliver.
  • Apparatus for producing cut lengths from a web of fiber laments which comprises in combination rollers for fracturing the web of filaments, one of said rollers having helical threads of one of said rollers from contacting the utes of the other roller, means to drive said fiuted rollers at an equal surfacev speed greater than the surface speed of said fracturing rollers, web feeding means to which the web is delivered from said fluted rollers and means to drive said web feeding means at a surface speed greater than the surface speed of said fiuted rollers, whereby the fractured laments are separated from one another and are formed into separate lengths of fibers.
  • the method for producing cut lengths from a web of fiber filaments which comprises fracturing and crushing the web of filaments on diagonal lines, bending the web of fractured filaments repeatedly up and down while advancing said web at a speed greater than its speed during said fracturing, thereafter advancing said web at a speed greater than its speed when bending the web, whereby the fractured filaments are separated and formed into separate lengths of fibers.
  • Apparatus for producing separate cut lengths from a web of ber filaments which comprises in combination fracturing rollers for fracturing said filaments, one of said rollers having helical threads having cutting edges, a pair of luted rollers, each roller having flutes on its surface which project into the interflute spaces of the other roller, said flutes being adapted to engage the opposite surfaces of the fractured web and to cause said webto undulate, means to maintain said fluted rollers apart a sufficient distance to prevent the flutes of one of said rollers from contacting theflutes of the other roller, means to drive said fluted rollers at an equal surface speed greater than the surface speed of said fracturing rollers, web feeding means to which the web is delivered from said fluted rollers and means to drive said web feeding means at a surface speed greater than the surface speed of said f-luted rollers, whereby the fractured filaments are separated from one another and are formed into separate lengths of fibers.
  • the method for producing separate cut lengths from a web of fiber filaments in a continuous movement which comprises feeding the web of laments to fracturng means, fracturing said moving web, bending said web repeatedly transversely to its plane while advancing said web at a speed greater than the speed of its movement during said fracturing and thereafter advancing said web at a speed greater than the speed of its movement during said bending, whereby the fractured filaments are separated from one another and are formed into separate cut lengths.
  • the method for producing separated cut lengths of fibers from a web of filaments in a continuous movement which comprises feeding the web of filaments to fracturing means, fracturing said moving web, repeatedly flexing said web to cause a differential in linear speed between the bers with relation to one another while advancing the web of fibers at a speed greater than the speed of the filaments through the fracturing means, and thereafter advancing said fibers at a speed greater than the speed of their movement during said ilexlng, whereby the fibers are separated from one another.
  • Apparatus for producing separate cut lengths from aweb of -flber filaments which comprises in combination fracturing rollers for fracturing said maments, one of said rollers having helical threads having cutting edges. agpsir of uted rollers, each roller having flutes' on its surface which project into the interflute spaces of the other roller, said flutes being adapted Ito engage the opposite surfaces of the fractured web and to cause said web to undulatc, means to maintain said fluted rollers apart a sumctent dfstance to prevent the flutes of one of said rollers from contacting the flutes of the other roller. means to.
  • the method of converting lfilaments of textile fibers into a sliver of cut lengths which comprises forming a plurality of filaments into a flat web of cut and drafted bers, advancing the web and rolling said fibers as they advance into helices to form a sliver having its axis diagonally disposed to the direction of the advance of said web and advancing said sliver axially over said web.

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Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2608724A (en) * 1949-03-02 1952-09-02 Bastin Laurent Winding apparatus for the web divider of finisher cards
US2636222A (en) * 1950-04-01 1953-04-28 Pacific Mills Method for blending textile fibers
US2653355A (en) * 1950-08-30 1953-09-29 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method for processing mineral fibers
US2698970A (en) * 1951-11-24 1955-01-11 American Cyanamid Co Tow crimper
US2702261A (en) * 1950-08-30 1955-02-15 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method for processing mineral fibers
US2706834A (en) * 1952-05-06 1955-04-26 Pacific Mills Process and apparatus for converting continuous filament into a sliver of combed, drafted and separated staplelength fibers
US2737687A (en) * 1947-04-30 1956-03-13 Celanese Corp Production of textile materials
US2795010A (en) * 1952-04-10 1957-06-11 Joh Jacob Rieter & Co Ltd Means for producing a drawable staple sliver
US2820254A (en) * 1956-05-16 1958-01-21 Pacific Mills Method and apparatus for converting filament into sliver
US2858573A (en) * 1958-11-04 Fibers
US2908043A (en) * 1955-04-14 1959-10-13 American Viscose Corp Converting bulk filament into staple fiber
US3124844A (en) * 1960-06-10 1964-03-17 Means to process fibers in a tow or sheet-like material
US3178452A (en) * 1965-04-13 Concentrator so
US3209410A (en) * 1962-09-24 1965-10-05 Dow Chemical Co Cutter roll for converter
US3241194A (en) * 1963-05-31 1966-03-22 Du Pont Vacuum system for the removal of pacific converter waste
US3357059A (en) * 1964-07-13 1967-12-12 Celanese Corp Fiber debonding during conversion
US4979270A (en) * 1989-08-03 1990-12-25 Burlington Industries, Inc. Apparatus and methods for converting tow into staple

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US802492A (en) * 1904-07-15 1905-10-24 Sydney Birch Drawing and evening machine.
US1577620A (en) * 1926-03-23 Rotary cutter
US1693589A (en) * 1928-12-04 Bias-cutung machine
US1768221A (en) * 1929-03-12 1930-06-24 Meinard F Thoma Process of forming spinnable slivers from artificial filaments and apparatus therefor
US1786180A (en) * 1928-08-23 1930-12-23 Trumbach Johannes Von Drawing frame with passages for use on spinning machines
US1827385A (en) * 1929-04-05 1931-10-13 Schatt
US2031647A (en) * 1932-07-04 1936-02-25 Celanese Corp Manufacture of spun yarns
GB457557A (en) * 1935-08-15 1936-12-01 Julius Ansorg Improvements in devices for drawing or drafting medium and long staple textile fibres, more particularly carded wool or worsted
US2076951A (en) * 1933-04-21 1937-04-13 Kono Masaye High speed spinning
US2137908A (en) * 1936-11-06 1938-11-22 Bremer Woll Kammerel Method of and apparatus for preparing slivers
DE683113C (de) * 1937-01-28 1939-10-30 Kammgarnspinnerei Stoehr & Co Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zellwolle
US2221716A (en) * 1938-02-26 1940-11-12 Courtaulds Ltd Manufacture and production of staple fiber
US2234105A (en) * 1939-10-21 1941-03-04 Courtaulds Ltd Manufacture and production of staple fiber
US2249083A (en) * 1937-12-30 1941-07-15 Kern Rudolf Process for stapling continuous artificial fiber
US2260383A (en) * 1938-08-26 1941-10-28 Fibres Associates Inc Apparatus for producing slivers
US2272247A (en) * 1940-07-25 1942-02-10 Paulus Romeo Means for making fillers for rugs
US2284635A (en) * 1939-09-09 1942-06-02 Campbell Nelson Stuart Staple fiber preparation
US2294771A (en) * 1941-06-05 1942-09-01 Nelson S Campbell Staple fiber preparation
US2323300A (en) * 1937-04-17 1943-07-06 Abbott Machine Co Textile manufacture

Patent Citations (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1577620A (en) * 1926-03-23 Rotary cutter
US1693589A (en) * 1928-12-04 Bias-cutung machine
US802492A (en) * 1904-07-15 1905-10-24 Sydney Birch Drawing and evening machine.
US1786180A (en) * 1928-08-23 1930-12-23 Trumbach Johannes Von Drawing frame with passages for use on spinning machines
US1768221A (en) * 1929-03-12 1930-06-24 Meinard F Thoma Process of forming spinnable slivers from artificial filaments and apparatus therefor
US1827385A (en) * 1929-04-05 1931-10-13 Schatt
US2031647A (en) * 1932-07-04 1936-02-25 Celanese Corp Manufacture of spun yarns
US2076951A (en) * 1933-04-21 1937-04-13 Kono Masaye High speed spinning
GB457557A (en) * 1935-08-15 1936-12-01 Julius Ansorg Improvements in devices for drawing or drafting medium and long staple textile fibres, more particularly carded wool or worsted
US2137908A (en) * 1936-11-06 1938-11-22 Bremer Woll Kammerel Method of and apparatus for preparing slivers
DE683113C (de) * 1937-01-28 1939-10-30 Kammgarnspinnerei Stoehr & Co Verfahren zur Herstellung von Zellwolle
US2323300A (en) * 1937-04-17 1943-07-06 Abbott Machine Co Textile manufacture
US2249083A (en) * 1937-12-30 1941-07-15 Kern Rudolf Process for stapling continuous artificial fiber
US2221716A (en) * 1938-02-26 1940-11-12 Courtaulds Ltd Manufacture and production of staple fiber
US2260383A (en) * 1938-08-26 1941-10-28 Fibres Associates Inc Apparatus for producing slivers
US2284635A (en) * 1939-09-09 1942-06-02 Campbell Nelson Stuart Staple fiber preparation
US2234105A (en) * 1939-10-21 1941-03-04 Courtaulds Ltd Manufacture and production of staple fiber
US2272247A (en) * 1940-07-25 1942-02-10 Paulus Romeo Means for making fillers for rugs
US2294771A (en) * 1941-06-05 1942-09-01 Nelson S Campbell Staple fiber preparation

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3178452A (en) * 1965-04-13 Concentrator so
US2858573A (en) * 1958-11-04 Fibers
US2737687A (en) * 1947-04-30 1956-03-13 Celanese Corp Production of textile materials
US2608724A (en) * 1949-03-02 1952-09-02 Bastin Laurent Winding apparatus for the web divider of finisher cards
US2636222A (en) * 1950-04-01 1953-04-28 Pacific Mills Method for blending textile fibers
US2702261A (en) * 1950-08-30 1955-02-15 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method for processing mineral fibers
US2653355A (en) * 1950-08-30 1953-09-29 Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp Method for processing mineral fibers
US2698970A (en) * 1951-11-24 1955-01-11 American Cyanamid Co Tow crimper
US2795010A (en) * 1952-04-10 1957-06-11 Joh Jacob Rieter & Co Ltd Means for producing a drawable staple sliver
US2706834A (en) * 1952-05-06 1955-04-26 Pacific Mills Process and apparatus for converting continuous filament into a sliver of combed, drafted and separated staplelength fibers
US2908043A (en) * 1955-04-14 1959-10-13 American Viscose Corp Converting bulk filament into staple fiber
US2820254A (en) * 1956-05-16 1958-01-21 Pacific Mills Method and apparatus for converting filament into sliver
US3124844A (en) * 1960-06-10 1964-03-17 Means to process fibers in a tow or sheet-like material
US3209410A (en) * 1962-09-24 1965-10-05 Dow Chemical Co Cutter roll for converter
US3241194A (en) * 1963-05-31 1966-03-22 Du Pont Vacuum system for the removal of pacific converter waste
US3357059A (en) * 1964-07-13 1967-12-12 Celanese Corp Fiber debonding during conversion
US4979270A (en) * 1989-08-03 1990-12-25 Burlington Industries, Inc. Apparatus and methods for converting tow into staple

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