US2234105A - Manufacture and production of staple fiber - Google Patents

Manufacture and production of staple fiber Download PDF

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Publication number
US2234105A
US2234105A US36050840A US2234105A US 2234105 A US2234105 A US 2234105A US 36050840 A US36050840 A US 36050840A US 2234105 A US2234105 A US 2234105A
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United States
Prior art keywords
rollers
nip
tow
ridges
roller
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Expired - Lifetime
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Ashton Harold
Morton Eric Andrew
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Akzo Nobel UK PLC
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Courtaulds PLC
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G1/00—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling
    • D01G1/02—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling to form staple fibres not delivered in strand form
    • D01G1/04—Severing continuous filaments or long fibres, e.g. stapling to form staple fibres not delivered in strand form by cutting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S83/00—Cutting
    • Y10S83/913—Filament to staple fiber cutting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T83/00—Cutting
    • Y10T83/465—Cutting motion of tool has component in direction of moving work
    • Y10T83/4766—Orbital motion of cutting blade
    • Y10T83/4795—Rotary tool
    • Y10T83/4824—With means to cause progressive transverse cutting
    • Y10T83/4827—With helical cutter blade

Definitions

  • the said confining members are in the form of circumferential ridges provided on one of thev rollers, each ridge being made of such dimensions that it fits closely into a corresponding circumferential slot 'in the other roller.
  • the distance between the mem- 40 bers is so arranged that when .the tow is compressed as it passes through the nip it completely fills the box-like space between the two rollers above and below it and the two members on either side of it.
  • the possibility of the 45 filaments at .the outer sides of each tow being insecurely gripped is thereby avoided.
  • Each tow is evenly gripped across the whole of its width so that it is completely and efliciently cut by the ridges on the cutting roller. Guiding members are provided immediately before the nip of the cutting rollers for guiding the tow or tows in such a manner that none of their constituent filaments is allowed to enter the slots.
  • Figure 1 is a front elevation of a pair of rollers designed to cut 6 tows, the tow guiding means before the nip being omitted for the sake of 5 clarity;
  • Figure 2 shows in detail the tow guiding means omitted from Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a side view of the rollers and the tow guiding means of Figure 2; while
  • Figure 4 is a side view of the rollers and an alternative tow guiding 10 device.
  • a pair of hard steel rollers I and 2 are mounted on axles 3 and -4 respectively in a framework 5. Each roller is positively driven by means not shown in the drawings.
  • the upper roller l is 1" provided with a number of helical parallel ridges 6 which touch the smooth surface of the lower roller 2.
  • the distance between the cylindrical surfaces of the two rollers is about a sixth of the diameter of the tow as itis denv- 20 ered to the rollers for cutting.
  • the lower roller 2 is provided with seven parallel circumferential ridges 1 which t into corresponding circumferential slots 8 on the roller I.
  • a guiding member which 20 may consist as in Figures 2 and 3 of a perforated bar 9 screwed on to the framework 5, oras in Figure 4 of a row of pegs I0.'
  • Each tow passes through a hole in the bar or the space between two pegs.
  • Each hole or space is narrower than the distance between vadjacent ridges 1, so that none of .the filaments of the tow is allowed to enter the slots 8.
  • Apparatus for the production of staple fiber from a number of tows of artificial threads, filaments or the like which comprises two hard, non-resilient, rigidly mounted rollers between the cylindrical surfaces of which the tows of filaments are passed, the thickness of the loose tows of filaments being considerably greater than the distance between the said cylindrical surfaces in the nip between the rollers so that the tows are fiattened out and gripped in the nip, one of the said rollers being provided on its cylindrical surface with spiral cutting ridges which touch the surface of the other roller in the nip and one of the said rollers being provided with circumferential ridges which t into corresponding circumferential slots in the other roller and confine each of .the flattened towsV separately within a limited space in the nip and guiding means arranged immediately before the nipA in order to prevent the filaments constituting the tows from entering the said circumferential slots.
  • Apparatus for the production of staple ber from a tow of artificial threads, filaments or the like which comprises two hard, non-resilient, rigidly mounted rollers between the cylindrical surfaces of which the tow of filaments is passed, the thickness of the loose tow of filaments being considerably greater than the distance between the said cylindrical surfaces in the nip between the rollers so that the tow is iiattened out and gripped in the nip, one of the said rollers being provided on its cylindrical surface with spiral cutting ridges which touch the surface of the other roller in the nip and one of the said rollers being provided with circumferential ridges which fit into corresponding circumferential slots in the other roller and confine the flattened tow withinv a limited yspace in the nlp and guiding means arranged immediately before the nip comprising a perforated bar, the perforation of which is narrower than the distance between thev circumferential ridges.
  • Apparatus for the production of staple fiber from a numbeibf tows of artificial threads, filaments or the like which comprises two hard, non-resilient, rigidly mounted rollers between the cylindrical surfaces of which the tows of la ments are passed, the thickness of the loose tows of filaments being considerably greater than the distance between the said cylindrical surfaces in the nip between the rollers so that the tows are attened out and gripped in the nip, one of the said rollers being provided on. its cylindrical sur-l face with spiral cutting ridges which touch the surface of the other roller in the nip and one ofv ⁇ the distance between adjacent circumferential ridges.
  • Apparatus for the production of staple fiber from a tow of articial threads, laments or the like which comprises two hard, non-resilient, rigidly mounted rollers between the cylindrical surfaces of which the tow of lanients is passed, the thickness of the loose tow of filaments being considerably greater than the distance between the said cylindrical surfaces in the nip between the rollers so that the tow is flattened out and gripped in the nip, one'of the said rollers being provided on its cylindrical surface with spiral cutting ridges which touch the surface of the other roller in the nip and one of the said rollers being provided with circumferential ridges which fit into corresponding circumferential slots in the other roller and confine the flattened tow within a limited space in the nip 'and' guiding means comprising pegs ladapted to guide the tow intoa portion of the nip which is narrower than the distance between the circumferential ridges.
  • Apparatus for the production of staple fiber from a number of 'tows of artificial threads, iiiaments or the like which comprises two hard, nonresilient, rig-idly mounted rollers between the cylindrical surfaces ofv which the tows of laments are passed, the thickness of the loose tows of filaments being considerably greater than the distance between the said cylindrical surfaces in the nip between the rollers so that the tows are flattened out and gripped in the nip, one of the said rollers Ibeing provided on its cylindrical surface with spiral cutting ridges which touch the surface of the other roller in the nip and one of the said rollers being provided with circumferential ridges which fit into corresponding circumferential slots in the other roller and confine each of the flattened tows separately within a limited space in the nip and a row of pegs each pair of which is adapted to guide one tow into a portion of the nip which is narrower than the distance between adjacent circumferential ridges.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Description

March 4, 1941. H. ASHTON Erm.
umumcruna AND PRODUCTION oF suman FIBER 2 sheets-sheet 1 Filed Oct. 9-, 1940 nvN N OM mw OSE TAR NDD 3 24 www YV s if .\l\.\ mm .lw E I ml-. if L. I L 4% .///V.H|- M Y 4 f l @l .1.- Mg.
March 4, 1941. H, ASHTON Em 2,234,105
HANUFACTURE AND PRODUCT-ION 0F STAPLE. FIBERl Filed Dct. 9, 1.940 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 g mvamrolas HAROLD ASHTON mw ERBC ANDREW NORTON Patented Mar. 4, 1941 UNITED STATES MANUFACTURE AND PRODUCTION STAPLE FIBER- Harold Ashton, Slattocks, Rochdale, and Eric Andrew Morton, Coventry, England, assignors to Courtaulds Limited, London, England, a
British company Application October 9, 1940, Serial No. 360,508 In Great Britain October 21, 1939 6 Claims.
In United States Patent No. 2,221,716, there is described apparatus for the production of staple ber fromV a tow of artificial threads, filaments or the like which comprises two hard nonresilient rollers, one of which has a smooth cylindrical surface and the other helical ridges protruding from its cylindrical surface, means for supporting the said rollers in xed positions to form a nip between their cylindrical surfaces and means4 for rotating them so that the linear speed of the tips of the ridges is substantially the same as the peripheral speed of the other roller, the thickness of ,the tow and the distance between the cylindrical surfacesv of the rollers being 'arranged so that the ridges on the one roller touch the surface of the other roller in the nip and thereby cut the tow, and so that the tow is attened out and gripped by the cylindrical surfaces of the rollers and is thereby progressed through the nip at a speed substantially the same as the peripheral speed of the rollers.
We have now found that in such apparatus r, improvements are obtained if members are provided for confining the flattened tow, or tows, within'a limited space in the nip between the two rollers. If a number of tows are passed side by side through the same pair of cutting rollers two such members may be used one at each end of the nip at the outer side of the two outermost tows, although we generally prefer to provide in addition further members in order to confine each tow separately. The said confining members are in the form of circumferential ridges provided on one of thev rollers, each ridge being made of such dimensions that it fits closely into a corresponding circumferential slot 'in the other roller. The distance between the mem- 40 bers is so arranged that when .the tow is compressed as it passes through the nip it completely fills the box-like space between the two rollers above and below it and the two members on either side of it. The possibility of the 45 filaments at .the outer sides of each tow being insecurely gripped is thereby avoided. Each tow is evenly gripped across the whole of its width so that it is completely and efliciently cut by the ridges on the cutting roller. Guiding members are provided immediately before the nip of the cutting rollers for guiding the tow or tows in such a manner that none of their constituent filaments is allowed to enter the slots.
The accompanying diagrammatic drawings show apparatus according to the present inven- (cl. 164-66) y tion although the invention is not limited to the apparatus shown.
Figure 1 is a front elevation of a pair of rollers designed to cut 6 tows, the tow guiding means before the nip being omitted for the sake of 5 clarity; Figure 2 shows in detail the tow guiding means omitted from Figure 1; Figure 3 is a side view of the rollers and the tow guiding means of Figure 2; while Figure 4 is a side view of the rollers and an alternative tow guiding 10 device.
A pair of hard steel rollers I and 2 are mounted on axles 3 and -4 respectively in a framework 5. Each roller is positively driven by means not shown in the drawings. The upper roller l is 1" provided with a number of helical parallel ridges 6 which touch the smooth surface of the lower roller 2. The distance between the cylindrical surfaces of the two rollers is about a sixth of the diameter of the tow as itis denv- 20 ered to the rollers for cutting. The lower roller 2 is provided with seven parallel circumferential ridges 1 which t into corresponding circumferential slots 8 on the roller I. Immediately before ythe nip a guiding member is placed which 20 may consist as in Figures 2 and 3 of a perforated bar 9 screwed on to the framework 5, oras in Figure 4 of a row of pegs I0.' Each tow passes through a hole in the bar or the space between two pegs. Each hole or space is narrower than the distance between vadjacent ridges 1, so that none of .the filaments of the tow is allowed to enter the slots 8. As each tow is progressed through the nip it completely fills the box-like space bounded by the cylindrical 3 surfaces of the two rollers and the ridges 'I on both sides of it, so that -cutting of every filament is ensured.
What we claim is:
1. Apparatus for the production of staple fiber 40 from a tow of artificial threads, filaments or the like which comprises two hard, non-resilient,
I rigidly mounted rollers between the cylindrical surfaces of which the .tow of filaments is passed, l the thickness of the loose tow of filaments being f considerably greater than the distance between the said cylindrical surfaces in the nip between the rollers so that the tow is attened out and gripped in the nip, one of the said rollers being r provided on its cylindrical surfacev with spiral "o cutting ridges which touch the surface of the other roller in the nip and one of the said rollers being provided with circumferential ridges which fit into corresponding circumferential slots in the other roller and confine the flattened tow 55 witliinqa limited space in the nip and guiding "'meansf arranged immediately before the nip in order to prevent the filaments constituting the tow from entering the said circumferential slots.
2. Apparatus for the production of staple fiber from a number of tows of artificial threads, filaments or the like which comprises two hard, non-resilient, rigidly mounted rollers between the cylindrical surfaces of which the tows of filaments are passed, the thickness of the loose tows of filaments being considerably greater than the distance between the said cylindrical surfaces in the nip between the rollers so that the tows are fiattened out and gripped in the nip, one of the said rollers being provided on its cylindrical surface with spiral cutting ridges which touch the surface of the other roller in the nip and one of the said rollers being provided with circumferential ridges which t into corresponding circumferential slots in the other roller and confine each of .the flattened towsV separately within a limited space in the nip and guiding means arranged immediately before the nipA in order to prevent the filaments constituting the tows from entering the said circumferential slots.
3. Apparatus for the production of staple ber from a tow of artificial threads, filaments or the like which comprises two hard, non-resilient, rigidly mounted rollers between the cylindrical surfaces of which the tow of filaments is passed, the thickness of the loose tow of filaments being considerably greater than the distance between the said cylindrical surfaces in the nip between the rollers so that the tow is iiattened out and gripped in the nip, one of the said rollers being provided on its cylindrical surface with spiral cutting ridges which touch the surface of the other roller in the nip and one of the said rollers being provided with circumferential ridges which fit into corresponding circumferential slots in the other roller and confine the flattened tow withinv a limited yspace in the nlp and guiding means arranged immediately before the nip comprising a perforated bar, the perforation of which is narrower than the distance between thev circumferential ridges.
4. Apparatus for the production of staple fiber from a numbeibf tows of artificial threads, filaments or the like which comprises two hard, non-resilient, rigidly mounted rollers between the cylindrical surfaces of which the tows of la ments are passed, the thickness of the loose tows of filaments being considerably greater than the distance between the said cylindrical surfaces in the nip between the rollers so that the tows are attened out and gripped in the nip, one of the said rollers being provided on. its cylindrical sur-l face with spiral cutting ridges which touch the surface of the other roller in the nip and one ofv `the distance between adjacent circumferential ridges.
5. Apparatus for the production of staple fiber from a tow of articial threads, laments or the like which comprises two hard, non-resilient, rigidly mounted rollers between the cylindrical surfaces of which the tow of lanients is passed, the thickness of the loose tow of filaments being considerably greater than the distance between the said cylindrical surfaces in the nip between the rollers so that the tow is flattened out and gripped in the nip, one'of the said rollers being provided on its cylindrical surface with spiral cutting ridges which touch the surface of the other roller in the nip and one of the said rollers being provided with circumferential ridges which fit into corresponding circumferential slots in the other roller and confine the flattened tow within a limited space in the nip 'and' guiding means comprising pegs ladapted to guide the tow intoa portion of the nip which is narrower than the distance between the circumferential ridges.
6. Apparatus for the production of staple fiber from a number of 'tows of artificial threads, iiiaments or the like which comprises two hard, nonresilient, rig-idly mounted rollers between the cylindrical surfaces ofv which the tows of laments are passed, the thickness of the loose tows of filaments being considerably greater than the distance between the said cylindrical surfaces in the nip between the rollers so that the tows are flattened out and gripped in the nip, one of the said rollers Ibeing provided on its cylindrical surface with spiral cutting ridges which touch the surface of the other roller in the nip and one of the said rollers being provided with circumferential ridges which fit into corresponding circumferential slots in the other roller and confine each of the flattened tows separately within a limited space in the nip and a row of pegs each pair of which is adapted to guide one tow into a portion of the nip which is narrower than the distance between adjacent circumferential ridges.
^ HAROLD ASHTON.
ERIC ANDREW MORTON;
US36050840 1939-10-21 1940-10-09 Manufacture and production of staple fiber Expired - Lifetime US2234105A (en)

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2438469A (en) * 1941-11-23 1948-03-23 Pacific Mills Method and apparatus for converting bulk filament into staples
US2598086A (en) * 1946-10-03 1952-05-27 Kohorn Henry Von Method and apparatus for producing staple fiber yarn
US2599148A (en) * 1948-04-27 1952-06-03 Pacific Mills Apparatus for cutting fibers
US2808884A (en) * 1954-04-05 1957-10-08 Pacific Mills Apparatus for producing staple fibers from continuous strands of textile fibers
US3031745A (en) * 1959-06-01 1962-05-01 Dzialo Frank Machine and method for reclaiming tin cans and the like to be made into alloyed billets of tin and metal
US3050928A (en) * 1959-08-18 1962-08-28 Sumner Company Inc Converting continuous filament to staple fiber
US3410165A (en) * 1966-12-23 1968-11-12 Osaka Kiko Kabushiki Kaisha Spiral upstanding projecting blade on cutter roller for continuous chemical fiber cutting apparatus
US4528877A (en) * 1982-01-30 1985-07-16 Fleissner Gmbh & Co. Process and apparatus for cutting band- or skein-shaped material
US4615245A (en) * 1984-01-17 1986-10-07 Allied Corporation Method of cutting elongated material using a cutter reel with spaced blades
US7191690B2 (en) * 2001-01-10 2007-03-20 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Helical mechanism cutting unit and method for operating for the same
US11445814B2 (en) * 2019-03-07 2022-09-20 Zahoransky Ag Shearing device and brush production machine with shearing device, and use of a shearing device

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2438469A (en) * 1941-11-23 1948-03-23 Pacific Mills Method and apparatus for converting bulk filament into staples
US2598086A (en) * 1946-10-03 1952-05-27 Kohorn Henry Von Method and apparatus for producing staple fiber yarn
US2599148A (en) * 1948-04-27 1952-06-03 Pacific Mills Apparatus for cutting fibers
US2808884A (en) * 1954-04-05 1957-10-08 Pacific Mills Apparatus for producing staple fibers from continuous strands of textile fibers
US3031745A (en) * 1959-06-01 1962-05-01 Dzialo Frank Machine and method for reclaiming tin cans and the like to be made into alloyed billets of tin and metal
US3050928A (en) * 1959-08-18 1962-08-28 Sumner Company Inc Converting continuous filament to staple fiber
US3410165A (en) * 1966-12-23 1968-11-12 Osaka Kiko Kabushiki Kaisha Spiral upstanding projecting blade on cutter roller for continuous chemical fiber cutting apparatus
US4528877A (en) * 1982-01-30 1985-07-16 Fleissner Gmbh & Co. Process and apparatus for cutting band- or skein-shaped material
US4615245A (en) * 1984-01-17 1986-10-07 Allied Corporation Method of cutting elongated material using a cutter reel with spaced blades
US7191690B2 (en) * 2001-01-10 2007-03-20 Heidelberger Druckmaschinen Ag Helical mechanism cutting unit and method for operating for the same
US11445814B2 (en) * 2019-03-07 2022-09-20 Zahoransky Ag Shearing device and brush production machine with shearing device, and use of a shearing device

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