US2438430A - Canister - Google Patents

Description

March 23 1948. P. Dl COSMO ETAL CAN I STER Filed June 19, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 March 23, 1948. P. v. Dl COSMO ET AL.

CANISTER Filed June 19, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORS l Patented Mar. 23, 1948 UNITED T GFF 'CANSTER `Pasquale V. Di Casino, Phillipsburg, and Matthew C. Ricciardi, Dover, N. J., assignor's to The Canister Company, Phllipsburgs N. J., a corporationy of New Jersey Application June-19 1942, seri/alena. ingr-2c This invention relates -to canisters.

Throughout the history 'of the container -industry the skill and ingenuity of those devoting their time and talent to this art have been pri marily directed to minimizing costs, While maintaining or enhancing the physical qualities of the receptacle. Despite inventive efforts for almost a century, directed to the increase in strength, durability and imperviousness of the container While minimizing the requirements for sive promotional efforts in connection with so-` called composite containers, in which a brous body is provided with metallic' ends or with fibrous ends secured by metallic securing means.

The industry is today under an ever increas ing pressureto provide a AWholly non-'metallic container embodying adequate physical strength and moisture-resistance. Despite this pressure Which, due to an increasing curtai'lment o f avail# able metals, practically amounts to anultimatllm, the present invention is the first all-libre container which meets the rigid requirements as to strength and imperviousness While incorporating physical characteristics which lend themselves to economic manufacture, n

The prime object ofthe invention is to pro# vide a fully non-metallic container.

The present inventive ei'ort has heretofore been directed to 4a solution ofthe problems raised by efforts to provide adequate physical strength and positivev liquid seal in a completely ilbroiis container.

Thus, it is among the further objects' 9i Athe invention to pro'vide a fully non-metallic con-v tainer having rigidity of structure, permanency of the interrelation of parts, and impervious luting of seams so as'to be ideally adaptable as a permanent container for many liqnifds which have in the past required the use of metallic con-i tainers. y a I A further' object ls to provide ya novel hon'- metallic end closure construction for' containers which is eiiicient and effective, While simple and inexpensive, and one which readily lends itself to economic manufacture with the use of auto# matic machinery, thus providing a container which may be produced by mass production methods.

Another andr more specic object of thev nvention is to provideva sealing member for a container, which will act to both seal and protect 'the open edges of a tubular fibrous con.'- tainer body; and in conjunction therewith, a further object is to provide, in such a sealing member, for the permanent constraining of the edges 'of the body into a locking relation with an end closure member.

An additional and extremelyimportant object is toprovid'e a container of the type referred to, thebody walls of Which aremade from chipboard or the like .which is ineXp'ensiveand plentiful but winch has kbeen limited in rits usev as a container body because of its inability to stand Without fracture an angular bending of ormore.

It is also among the objects of the invention toy provide a novel method of 'canister manufactdrin'g involving simple, practical, and effectivev vsteps for uniting fibrous elements into a rigid, permanent relationship. In particular, the method includes the stepv of molding, forming and compressing portions of a fibrous material into securing engagement With other portions of an independent piece oi material, the same preferably being done in the presence of an adhesive Which renders such' material temporarily moist and pliable and thereafter, permanently dense, hard and rigid.

Numerous other objects and features of the inventionfvvillvv become apparent from a consider-y ation" of tlie following specioations and the an-y nexed drawings. A detailed listing of each ob# ject and feature of' the invention would therefore he a redundancy; however, it is pointed out that in addition tothe fogoingdesiderata, the iiivntio'neibraces the provisin of novel and @inactivev nuing and discharging closure structif'es', as 'Well as other structural characteristics which carry outtheprinary purposes of the dvice in a simple effective manner, not only economic in materials and manufactnring requireinents but' which enhance the physical appearance Aof the inis'hed'unit.

In brief, `the present structure may be defined asia linedl nitrous body having one or mere end closures comp gan insertd's'tiff closlire disc and a companion'sealing membrane extending from: the inner face efthe ldisc outwardly over thetermin'al edge of the body. The terminal edge of the body is inwardly molded and coinpressed to provide a denise,- rigid'retaining annulus, and is Secured and'protected in its molded and. compressed fornil by the enclosing rnenibrarie.y

More specifically, the nontainer may be said to compris/e ai body of cellular fibrousii'iater'ial,- the endedg'es ofwhich have had anl adhesive applied thereto which preferably impregnates the body edges, being absorbed as by capillary attraction into the interstices of the body edges, rendering them temporarily pliable and compressible for assembly purposes but which upon hardening leave'the-material 'permanently rigid'. The end closure includesa disc or ring ofrsimilar fibrous material, slightly greater in outside di- Fig. 7 illustrates the container after the end closure has been inserted;

Fig. 8 illustrates the rst step in the action of the molding die;

Fig. 9 shows a further stage in the action of the molding die;jand l i j j y Fig. 10 shows the molding die in the nal position.

ameter than the normal internal diameter of th'el iin the drawings, the numeral I0 indicates th body; mounted upon the innerface of the discor ring is a membrane of relatively tough, im'- edges andthe inner face of the body and over the membrane.

The invention contemplates the use, on either f' .rex

the ring with respect .to manufacture or material. 1"?

Thus it may be a plastic member, mechanically joined, as by a threaded or bayonet type engagement cr,.as here shown, may be a vfibrous disc frictionally v.fitted Awithin the vring structure and sealed. thereto by a. tear'able securing seal. j 1.,

In themethod of manufacture, the forcible Ain-v sertion. of the disc, preferably. after the body edges havebeen treated with an adhesive, slightly. expands the internaldiameterof the body to the extentlf the disc insertion, thus providing, at the terminal Vpoint of such'insertion, a shoulder against-which vthe inner ,Y face of the membrane abuts. The Venshroudment ofthe body edges by the membrane .providesfor a protection ofthe edges against/mutilation by.,thecontactof a' forming die, thus Ato preclude av frayingY disrup-` ture of the body material at its terminaledges.. The body edges are compressed and moldedinwar'dly against the `outer-face,.ofthe disc byna. forming die. VAs pressure is exerted by thedie, the loose enshroudment `of Vthe edges by the4 dia-V phragm becomes a closelyY fitting encasement, the tough Vmaterial of VYthe diaphragm engaging'and binding the'raw edges of the body, and, as the forming and compressing action of'the die is completed and the material sets in its nal form, the diaphragm material acts thereafter as a retaining meansl precluding the expansion croutward movement of the compact annulus formed by the molded edges so as to provide,between the shoulder beforementioned and such annulus, a rigid, locking securementrof the closure disc.` Referring more particularly to the drawings: Fig.v 1 is a perspective view, partly in section, ofone form ofthe present invention; i V Fig. 2 is an enlarged and exaggerated sectional View of that form of invention shown in FigJ.;v

Fig. 3 is a sectional detailed view of one modincation of a cap structure embodying the ele-l ments of thepresent invention; v Fig. 4 is a similar viewof another modification of the cap structure of the present invention; Fig. y5 is va detailedview illustrating therst stepin the assembly of the container;

,Fig. 6 illustrates a furtherstepshowing Vthe' in- 3.

sertion of the end closure by a die member;

container body. The body is here illustrated asV cylindrical in form, although it is to be clearly understood'thatthe configuration of the body may'bejwidely' varied and that the invention is `:noticonfined tothe circular cross section here shown', Obviously', many angular cross sections the edges of said body to enshroudthemhwithin may be used incarrying out the invention as may be dictated by the artistic senses ofthe purchaser or'ultinate consumer. While the walls of the body IU are, for the sake` of simplicity, illustrated in Fig. l and ,Figs..3,tovlinclusiveyasformed of asinglejthickness of suitable body material, they are more preferably formed of a composite structure of helically or circularly wound laminations of flbrousmaterial. A s illustrated in `Fig..2 a practical embodiment of the inventionvmay be a bodyformed in accordance with Patent No. 2,202,558, issued in the name of Martin R; Kernahan and assigned to The Canister Company, the assignee ofthe presentinvention. This structure comprises three spirally wound layers of chipboard indicated, by the letters a, b ande. The chipboard ischaracterized as relatively porous and compressible material having'V interstices which render the material substantially absorbent and permit theimpregnation thereof by capillary action. `The layers a, b andgc ofthe body are united byglue and the faces ofthe chipboard are usually sized so that together'wwith the glue they render the body somewhatrless absorbent than theopen raw edges Wherethe tubularA material iscut.y The inner surface ofY the bodyfmaterial vi'sflined witha substantially impervious, tough, flexible paper. or parchment, Il, which renders4 the internal Ybody surface fully impervious to such materials as oils, palntsand si'rnilarlliquids particularly of the non-aqueous types..v Y Y A -g It will, of course, be understood that specific uses will dictate speciiiccharacteristics ofmaterials and adhesives vto be used-The present invention is concerned primarily with the physical construction of the container ratherl than confinedlto the materials of the body, the` liners, or theV adhesivewhich may vbe used.V It will,

' therefore, be understood that the body of the-container may be of paper, chipboard, strawboard, bristol-board orthe niza-including a Wideyariety of non-metallic, fibrous materials of the -felted types here referred to, aswell as thoseghwaving textile characteristics, without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Y

The end. closures forthe container may be, as illustrated in Figs. lv and 2, formed'- andse` cured in like manner or as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, a modifiedcap construction may be used to facilitate filling and discharging. In" that form 4,of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the capclosure is'usuaily applied after filling of the receptacle; while inthatlform of the invention shown in Figs. 3 and 4the receptacle lmay be completely nishedand subsequentlyl filled, and Sealed.. Y -2 YThe end structureshown in Figs. 1Yand2Y includes afiat circulary sealing membrane I2, of-im` pervious, tough and flexible material such as paper,.parchment, cloth or the'like which may be the same as the liner I I provided for the inner surface of the body. The'membrane is used in conjunction with a `closure vdisc I 3, which may be of single or multiple ply, substantially rigid material inthe nature of the chipboard material from which the container bodies are formed. With regard to materials, here again a Wide choice is intended, the disc may even be formed of wood, while the membrane could 'be of a fabric if desired. As in the case ofv the body, the invention is not limited tothe specific 'materials here sugu gested.

An important'f'eature of the invention resides in the relationship of the 'diameter of the disc with respect to the internal diameter of the body. The 'relation of dimension will be clearly understood' from -a reference to Fig. 5, in which the relative dimensions are exaggerated to bring out the fact that the disc'I3 is of greater diameter than the internal diameter 0f the body. The numeral I4 indicates an Vapplication of adhesive material to the edges of the body IB, the material being applied in. such manner as to cover the internal and external walls for a short distance inwardly of the terminal edge, and preferably being of such characteristics as to infiltrate the interstices of the body as indicated by the dots. Such infiltration and moistening cf the body edge, the extent 0f which is determined by the characteristics of the adhesive material and the amount of capillary action which takes place,

render the edges limp and pliable thus to facilitate the insertion of the cap I3, which is accompanied by an expansion of the body edges. Adhesive material also is preferably applied between the disc and the membrane either in conjunction with the application of the membrane and disc to the body or as a preliminary thereto.

As illustrated in Fig. 6, the disc and membrane are preferably inserted by the use of an inserting die I5, which has a central body portion I E of a diameter substantially equal, if not exactly equal, to the diameter of the disc and which is surrounded by a flange II extending outwardly therefrom. As shown in Fig. 6, the body portion I Grof the die engages the external face of the disc forcing it into the container body and thus causing it to expand the terminal edges of the body. It will be noted, of course, that the membrane enters the container body with the disc so as to enshroud the same and unite with it, to form a unitary end closure.

It will also be noted that the encasement of the side edge of the disc by the membrane material, as at I8, increases the diameter of the combined assembly of the disc and membrane; in some instances the thickness of the membrane material may in itself be sufficient to increase the external diameter of the assembly to the desired extent beyond that of the internal diameter of the body, in which instance the diameter of the disc may be equal to, or even less than, the internal diameter of the body.

As the disc and membrane are inserted, causing an expansion of the body wall, it will be noted that the unexpanded wall portion, directly abutting the inner face edges of the membrane, constitutes a shoulder I 9, which acts as a stop for subsequent accidental internal movement of the disc assembly.

As further shown in Fig. 6, ity will be noted that asa consequence of. the actv of insertion the inner surface ofthe membrane will-pick up and carry With it some of the adhesive material of the internal Vsurface ofthe body 'edga'thus providing for a luted seal b'etween'the diaphragm I2 `and thev liner I I of the'body. It wi'llalso' be noted that the overlying character of the Vshoulder I9 greatly assists in'the'formation of a tight seal.

The extent'of insertion of theY disc and membrane unit within theibody" is determined by the amount of extension' of the'bodyp'orti'on of the die beyond the flange I' thereof, and 'as' noted in Fig. 7 the membrane'aft'er 'insertionwith the disc, constitutes an enshroudingmember "covering the edges of the disc ari-cl'sealing such edges against the absorption of moisture. Further, the edges of lthe membrane extend outwardly in contact with the liner 'II of the'bc'dyY and at right angles thereto across the yopen'raw edges of the body, providing a seal and 'encasngzprotecti've sheet therefor.

Referring now more I'Jalrticularl'yV to Figs. 8, 9 and 10, it will be seen! that theinalsteps in permanently uniting the end closure with the body of the receptacle preferably includes'theuse of the molding and compressing die 20., which includes a rounded peripheral edge 2l and an internal wall 22,` which may preferably be slightly tapered, and which terminates in a radius 23, which is adapted to-mold the edges of the body. The first step'in theeoperationof the die is the engagement of the peripheral edge of' the membrane by the curled outer edge 2| of the die, which forces the membrane edge downwardly over the outer surfaceA of the body edge. ther movement of the die downwardly with respect to the axis of the body, as shown in Fig. 9', inwardly compresses -the body edges, returning the external surface thereof into alignment with the main body of the container and thus compressing that portion ofthe material of the body which is in transverse alignment with the disc. During this operation it vwillbe noted -that the rough, raw edges of the body areprotected and shielded by the tough characteristics of the membrane material, Athus precluding a fraying or tearing of the body material.

As seen inFig. 10, the final act'oiI the die is to engage the` terminal edges ofthe body with the radius 23 thereof: to turn and mo1d.them=inwardly so that they, with the edges of. they membrane, constitute a disc-securing internally extending molded and compressed securing annulus 24. The presence of the adhesive material` either on thesurface of the body edges orpenetratingvinto the interstices of the bodyfmaterial will actvnot only to firmly unite thestr-ucture, but upon hardening will constitute vva filler'ior ther com pressed material greatly enhancing the final densenes-s of annulus thusto secure. the discina rigid, permanent uengagement within the body. lt will also` be noted that the'permanency of the inward displacement ofthe body-edge material against the outer face of therdiscis insured by the engagement thereofl by the-tough material of the membrane.

It is important tonotethatwhilethe radius of the die turn, moldsv andcompressesvthe edges of the body material inwardly, the action is clearly distinguishable. from acrimping action. Closure members have long -beensecured within encasing bodies by anl inward. crimpingy ofA the edge of the body material. However, such struc tures rely upon a complete inward turning or bending of the material as is commonly. found in the crimping of the outer edge of shot vgun shells, to return -bend the` material? and-A thus secure the wad in place. It willl be understood, however,

A furthat the chipboard materialfromwhich the body of the presentcontainer is formed. is'. not susceptible of such foldingfa'nd an attempt to bend such material to the extent 'of an angle approaching 90 would result in a fracture of the material, the fibres of whichv arershort, coarse and brittle and are mingled with filler material which renders the body considerably Vmore breakable .than were it to be formed of amore expensivebut tougher paper-lik'ematerial'. I j

While the movements of the dieare herein depicted and described as a simple, rectilinear motion of the die in the ,directionV of the axis of the body, it may well'be that in someinstances a rotary motion might beneficially be 'employed in addition to the axial movement and this is particularly true with respect to a molding operation used in connection with a bodymaterial spirally wound, as illustrated in Fig. 2. In such body material, the bre has a tendency to extend longitudinally of the strip and thus helically with respect to the Vaxis of the body. In such an instance, it will be seen that if rotaryimotion is imparted to the die in the direction of the helix, a disrupting, tearing and fracturing of the fibres of the body will be minimized. .It will therefore be seen that'with the use of such Ybody material and a rotary die, the, angular displacement of the body mateiral in respect to the normal axisof the body may be, greatly increased without danger of breaking the body material.,

As a nal and .finishing operation, excessive edge material of the membrane may be removed by a skiving of the edges as at 25 in Fig. 2, which action is preferably 'followediby theapplication of a final external sealingzlabel 26, the terminal edges of which should preferably engage the Y terminal edges of the membrane to enhance its securement with the body.`

Referring now more particularly to Figs.V Sgand 4, it will of course be Vunderstood thatthe disc may be modified in order to provide various vtypes of dispensing openings, `The form of construction of Fig. 3 provides a sealed independent'closure element which may be` readily lmoved and replaced, while the disclosure YofV Fig. 4 provides a hingedV closure. As distinct from thev use of identically similar ends, as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, which require the disc and diaphragm insertion after filling the canister, the structure of Fig. 3 Ypermits of the manufacture of the completed 'unit which maybe subsequently filled and sealedby a simple insertion of the closure disc. In this form of an invention,V the disc [3 in Figs. 1 and 2 is substituted by acompound ring including a lower ring portion 21, having-a central aperture and an upper closure-rec'eiving ring 2t, having a central aperture of greaterdiameter than the aperture of the ring21.- YThe diaphragm l2 is substituted by Va similar diaphragm 29,

which is centrally apertured to conform lwith the centralv aperture of the ring 2T. The-ring and diaphragm are applied in the mannfshowndn Figs. 5 to l0, the terminal edges ofthe container being enshrouded by the diaphragm edges which are inwardly deformed andcompressedln manner herelnbefore described.

The central aperture'of the upper ring 23 is closed by a removable closure discl V3Q, which is provided with a tab 3l and which is sealed into position by an annular seal 32, Whichextends b etween the disc 30 and the upper ring 23. As shown, it may bepreferable to extend the seal @Zover a portion of the tabs! so thatmanipulation of .the tab will fractureY the sealtoassist 8 in atearing action, which will permit the disc to be raised from its enclosure within the aperture of the upper ring. It will, of course, be seen that the disc will rest upon the inwardllrojection of the ring'2i beyond the aperture of the ring 28, thus precluding accidental inward displacement of the disc and assisting'in sealing the material within the container. In that form of an' invention illustrated in 'Eig. 4, a compound discY including an annular ring `33 is provided, together with an annular diaphragm Se. In this instance however the upper member of the disc is a continuous piece of material 35. An addition sealing diaphragm 36 is provided which extends between the ring 33Y and the member 35, and the memberV is provided withV throughcut incisions.' 31 which defineY a closure. hinged to theA annular portion of the member '35 by serrations 38. In this Vform of the invention when it is desired to dispense the materialwithn the canister the central portion of the member `35 is raised and the diaphragmV 36 `is purictured.Y It maybe readily seenl that the canistermay thereafter be temporarily closed by moldingback the central portion of the member 35 to itsorigf Y inal position.

From the foregoing Yit will be Vnoted that the invention provides a simple, eilcient, wholly nonmetallic container having a rigid, durable structure, the seams of which are securely luted to 1 provlde'a leak-proof structure well able tn withstand the most extensive demand made thereon. As herebefore pointed out, it is to be noted that the invention is not confined to the specific structure here shown by wayof illustration nor to the-materials which are here suggested.Y Ob-v viously therefore numerous changes and modi-l` iications and the full use of equivalents may be utilized in the manufacture ofthe device without departing from the spirit or scope of the inventionas outlined in the appended claim.V

What is claimed is: The method of closing the end of a cylindrical container body formed of short-i'ibered material having the properties of chip-board whichcomprises the steps of softening theend of the body, assembling a disc 'of stiff material Yhaving a diameter substantially equal Vto the internal,

diameter of said body with a/sealing diaphragm of greater diameter Athan said container body, insertingthe resulting assembly into Vthe softened end of the container body with thesealing diaphragm facing inwardly, and with the marginal portions thereof extending between the edges of the disc and the inner surface of the container body, folding said marginal portions ofthe sealing diaphragm outward and downward 'about the end of the container -body and thev adjacent outer surface thereof, turning theY softened' end of the body inward over the edgesI o ffsaidfdis'c through an angle of'approximately 90b and hardening the intnrned edges Aof the lb ody.y PASQUALE v. DI COSMO; MATTHEW-C. RICQIARDI;

REFERENCESQCITED f The following references are of record inthe file of this patenti UNITED STATES PATENTS f- UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Number Name Date 1,773,553 Taylor et al Aug. 19, 1930 2293142 1,796,075 Blixt Mar. 10, 1931 5 2347417 2,106,738 Harrison Feb. 1, 1938 2,108,910 Walter Feb. 22, 1938 2,141,556 Reifsnyder Dec. 27, 1938 Number 2,146,861 Sherwood et a1 Feb. 14, 1939 697,514 2,173,585 Harrison Sept. 19, 1939 10 Name Date Harrison Nov. 4, 1941 Carew Feb. 24, 1942 Johnson Aug. 18, 1942 Kraft Apr. 25, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date France Nov. 4, 1930

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