US2211885A - Box - Google Patents

Description

2 Sheets-Sheet A. H. DREUX ET AL BOX Filed Oct. 8,- 1956 Aug. 20, 1940.

1 Zuid/0...

Patented Aug. 20, 1940 UNITEDV STATESA PirrENT OFFICE l BOX Alexander Il. Dreux, Orchard Park, and Joseph N. Royal, Buffalo, N.l Y., assignors, by mesne assignments, to F. N. Burt Company Inc., Buffalo, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application october c, 1936, serial No. 104,674 In Canada. November 14, 1935 3 Claims.

by which discharge of powder" from the box is confined to the regular discharge opening of the box, its egress or sifting thereof from the box through the box joints being greatly minimized or entirely prevented. v- .r

Another object of the invention is the provision of an improved practical and eiiicient conl struction of the box` parts which lends itself to the rapid production by automatic machinery of siftless powder boxes.

Another important object of the invention is the provision of a simple and efficient construction of powder container drum which due to its improved features is highly promotive of the production of a siftless box and which may readily and easily be inserted in place in telescopic relation in the base, notwithstanding variations of the relative diameters between the drum and the interiitting base, which are normally encountered under diierent conditions of manufacture, such as, diierent degrees of moisture in the stock, different quality and thickness of stock, e.c. l

It is a further object to provide an improved means of overcoming the manufacturing difculties normally met inthe inherent variation in the size, or more specifically the diameter of the container parts manufactured on high-speed production machines with particular regard to those parts that-must fit within each other in the assembly of the complete parts.

It is a further object to provide a means of avoiding failure'and other diiliculties in the assembly of container parts due to the variation in finished part size, which is occasioned by variations in the thickness of the several plies of. stock used in making the parts of a round, square, rectangulanor multi-sided box or container.

Other objects of the invention will in part be obvious and will in part appear hereinafter.

The invention accordingly comprises the several steps and the relation and order of one or more of such steps with respect to each of the others, and the article possessing the features, properties, andthe relation of elements, which are exemplified in the following detailed disclosure, and the scope of the application of which will be indicated in the' claims. l

- For'a more comprehensive understanding oi the nature and objects of the invention reference should be had to the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 4is a perspectivevi'ew, partly sectional, of a powder box with'its cover-and illustrating one of the preferred embodiments of the invention;

Fig. 2 is a centralrvertical section through the box of Fig. 1; l

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical section of a portion of the box, the 'dotted lines illustrating the' drum before being seated in position in the base ofthe box;

Fig. 4 is a view of the base, the cover and drum, each in perspective and in separated .relati'om Fig. 5 is a partially diagrammatic plan; view illustrating a ring made of a coiled strip of paper or similar material and which may be utilized either in the base or in the drum, the strip being shown as thicker than that which may normally be employed;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged fragmentary Vertical radial section of a box in accordance with the embodiment'of Fig. 1;

Figs. 7 and 8 are fragmentary sectional perspective views showing the arrangement of the caulking bead;

Figs. 9 and' 10 are fragmentary perspective` views of two forms of the fibrous caulking string employed;

Figs. 11, 12, 13, 14, and v16 are fragmentary sectional views similar to Figs. 3 and 6 but showing` further modified embodiments of the invention. i

Referring now more specifically to the .drawings, and first to the embodiment of Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive, the base of the box is indicated at A, the cover` or top at B and the drum at C'. The base has a head I and an upstanding ange or ring 2. Similarly, the cover B hasa head 3, and a depending flange or ring 4 and the 'head 3' may be domed as illustrated. 'I'he drum C provides a container for reception of powder and has a flange or ring 5and an overlying head 6. The head 6 may be readily frangible and made of cellulosic transparent sheet material, or of other sheet materials, as a light weight or tissue paper. A suiciently large sheetis selected and its margin or edge is folded onto the outside face of the drum-ring or flange 5, the fold being secured by an overlying strip of thin cover paper 'l extending continuously around the drum ring 5 and pasted to' said ring. The cover strip not only secures the fold of the drum head B; it also covers any small wrinkles in the fold and provides a relatively smooth. unwrinkled outer side face of the drum flange or ring 5. For convenience of the powder maker, the base A, cover B and drum Cv are provided as separate units. The drum C is open at its end opposite or remote from the head 6, and the powder maker places it with its open end up so it may easily be filled with the powder. Thereupon after nlling, the drum may be inserted in the inverted base A, as shown in Fig. 3, the flange or ring 2 becoming an outer ring and the flange or ring 5,

becoming an inner ring. AFor finishing the base flange 2, and securing it to the head I, a thin strip 8 of ornamental paper or other material may be wound 'onto the flange 2 and will be folded over the open edge of this flange and around onto the head l, and adhesively secured inside and outside the base A. In like manner a finishing strip 9 may be aihxed to the cover B, and entirely over the head 3.

The present invention is of advantage in hand made boxes inasmuch as among other factors. it promotes quick assembly of the parts and the making of a non-sifting toilet powder box, but it possesses very important advantages when utilized in paper boxesl the parts of which are made by automatic machinery operating at high speed. One of the most important objects sought for in a powder box is that it shall be siftless," meaning that the powdered contents shall be retained in the box and not sift out through its joints. As tending to avoid sifting, vthe diameters of the drum flange 5 and the base flange 2 have heretofore been of relative size to obtain as tight a flt as possible consistent with the requirement that one must be inserted quickly and easily in the other in telescopic relation. The result has been that in many cases the insertion may not be effected at all or only with the greatest care, thus leading to great loss of time and waste of materials, and increasing production costs and slowing down output.

Dependence upon the it of the drum flange and the base flange for tightness has been entirely unsatisfactory. Supplemental operations of the past have been equally unsatisfactory in preventing or minimizing sifting and have but added to operations and to cost.

An important aspect of the present invention concerns the relative diameters of the inner and outer rings or walls provided for the base and drum respectively.

An important related feature of the present invention resides in providing an inner drum ring or flange of appreciably smaller outer diameter than the internal diameter of the outer base- `ring, thus allowing a loose fit between the rings notwithstanding variation of moisture content or thickness of stock material, so that free entry of one ring into the other is readily permitted under all conditions, a space being thus always provided between the two rings in their telescopic relationto each other. The importance of this will become manifest from the following considerations:

In accordance with one method often used in modern high speed automatic box machines, these rings are formed by coiling or winding relatively still, thin paper stock on rotating mandrels having fixed diameters. It has been the common practice to depend upon the closeness or tightness of the t of the outer diameter of the drum ring, or flange, against the inner diameter of the base ring, or flange, to hold the powder in the box and to prevent sifting, i. e., escape of the finely divided particles out of the drum, and accumulation of substantial amounts in loose condition, on the top of the drum head and beneath the cover, especially before the Vcover is removed. It is a difference in diameter of but a few thousandths of an inch between the fit of the rings or anges on each other that may result in suilicient loosenessto sift powder, or one that is so tight that these rings cannot be made to telescope. Drum rings or flanges are commonly made of two, three or more ply light weight paper,

and while on the whole they are relatively stiff,

they may have some flexibility, dependent on the paper stock and the number of plies employed. As has been explained, the margin of the head 6 is folded down and a cover strip l may be applied. Accordingly, any predetermined outside diameter of the drum ring is dependent on several factors including the thickness of the paper stock and of the glue which may be employed to hold the plies together and to secure the cover strip. Assuming it to be the practice to purchase nine and one-halfI point card-middling stock from which to coil a four-ply drum ring, but such stock averages ten and one-half points in thickness instead of nine and one-half points, eight thousandths of an inch will be added to the outer diameter of the drum. And it is not uncommon to find even more variatiomeight point to eleven point, affecting the outer diameter of the drum ring in paper stock of this small caliper. Not only is there this unavoidable variation in thickness or caliper of the paper stock which will result in a non-telescoping drum-ring; there are also variations in thickness due to moisture content of the stock, its thickness being one caliper when made and a different caliper when assembled drum to base. By providing the drumring of appreciably smaller outer diameter than the internal diameter of the base ring and having the loose fit as hereinbefore stated, the objections dependent on variations of stock-thickness for whatsoever reason are very substantially avoided and the production of siftless boxes at high speed on automatic machinery greatly promoted. This is especially so when taken in conjunction with the featureof the invention which arrests the escape of powder notwithstanding the rings are of appreciably different diameter as aforesaid. As illustrated in the drawings, the drum ring 5 is commonly formed of relatively stiff thin paper stock coiled in a plurality of plies, into ring formation, as shown in Fig. 5. Also it is to be understood that the ring or flange of the base may be constructed of a similarly coiled paper strip.

Another important aspectof the invention relates to adjusting or compensating for the looseness of fit between the drum ring and the flange ring so as to avail of the improvements due to the loose vilt (as for instance free entry of one ring into another; avoidance of objections on account of variation in caliper of stock, whether due to moisture or to unavoidable variation in original stock material) and nevertheless to promote the anti-sift features of a non-sifting powder box. To this end a means is provided which is disposed and adapted to bring the diameters of the base flange or ring and the drum flange or ring to relative site producing a tight fit in the joint between/,the base and drum. Initially this means may be mounted either on the base or on the drum, but it'ls preferablyv initially 'mounted on the drum.

According to one embodiment of the invention as shown by way of example in Figs. 1 to 6, this compensating aspect of the invention includes a brous joint-packing or caulking ridge or bead Ill which is cooperable to join the flange walls' y or rings of the base and thedrum together and, in the embodiment illustrated lies between said rings and is in the form of a continuous circumferential bead or ring around the drum ring 5. This elevation or bead Ill is of narrow width relativeto that of the box rings and is spaced` apart from the end I I of the drum. It is preferably located close to the frangible head 6 of the drum and overlies the fold thereof. It adds to the stiffness of the drum and hence tends to` hold the head 6 taut. When initially on the ,outer face of the separate drum flange or the inner face of the separatebase flange, it protrudes therefrom, and its protruding portion is curved `or convexed outwardly in cross-section, as clearlyseen in Figs. 3 and 4.

The material of the ridge or bead I is relatively soft and readily compressible and it is adapted to be altered in thickness by contacting with the base flange or ring under the force of seating the drum ring in its operable position in the base ring o r flange. In the operation of telescoping the anges 2 and 5, the bead or ridge I0 is carried by one flange into such position that the other ange, forced to telescopic relation with the flange carrying the bead I0, will cause said bead tightly to pack or caulk the space between said flanges.

The ridge I Il forms an exterior layer on the box part, rising Very -slightly above the surface thereof, or somewhat more than half the maximum Variation between the outer diameter of the drum flange and the inner diameter of the base flange.

According to the embodiment o f the invention as shown in Figs. 1 to 6 the caulking bead or ridge I0 includes alstring or cord I2 which may be of some fibrous material, such as cotton, hemp, jute, linen or the like. It may, for example, be a cotton twine string, and is yieldable to conform to the space available to receive the same between the ywalls of the drum and base. 'I'his space, as already described, will vary somewhat under varying conditions of manufacture, but the base and drum are constructed so that there will always be an appreciable space under all varying conditions, whereby the drum and base will telescope lloosely with each other. Whether placed on the drum flange or upon the base flange, the caulking string I2 extends con- 1 tinuously throughout the extent of the flange of the body part and is attached in position on the surfac-e thereof. vIn the embodimentshown in Figs. l to 6 the cover strip vI overlies the string holding the latter in position and forming the complete bead I0. There may be a single strand,

' as shown, or in some cases there may be a multiple strand, that i`s,'theV string may extend more than once around the surface of the box part.

The ends of the string' may be attached in any appropriate manner, as, vfo-r example, tapering the ends vand overlapping them. The overlapping, tapered ends may be attached together, as by an adhesive, such as wax -or glue, and if desired 'the string itself may be impregnated with wax,- or a-wax-likesubstance such as parafn. Also the caulking string may be provided in the form of an endless ring of sufficient diame eter to t snugly over the supporting surface. Also the ends of the string may be made to abut with each other, or the end portions may overlap each other to some extent', lying side by side. In any case, the caulking string may be attached in position either by adhesive of as shown in Fig. 8 by means ofa binding strip I3, of paper or similar material, overlying the string and secured by an adhesive to the surface of the box part. Such an attaching medium holds the caulking bead or string in its correct position upon the box part, holds the ends of the string in correctly adjusted position to avoid bulges and irregularities, and is easily applied. The fibrous caulking string may be in the formv of a cord having several strands twisted together, as indicated at I4 in Fig.- 9, or the fibres may be untwisted as shown at.| in Fig. 10.' Other yielding materials maybe employed in theconstruction of this caulking string, such, for example, as resilient rubber.

After the paper rings are made, the interfitting driven into position, tightly packing 'the joint between the rings. The bead-or ridge I Ill being spaced some distance back from the leading or .entering edgeII of the drum as described, it

will be seen that entry of the drum into telescopic relation with the base is promoted and made very easy. Thus the leading end of the vdrum is entered into telescopic relation with the base before the bead I0 enters into engagement with the base walls. This leading drum end being small enough in diameter to enter the base very readily and freely can quickly be placed in entering position, whereupon it functions as a guide to aid in positioning the base and drum with reference to each other during initial assembly thereof. After thus being placed in initial engaging position, the base and drum are forced together and as telescopic movement continues the bead or ridge enters and engages between the wallsand reaches its final or home position at the same time that the drum does. these improved features the box parts may be assembled. much more rapidly than heretofore and jamming and `imperfect aligning of the parts during assembly with consequent damage thereto areeifectually avoided, resulting in a saving of labor and material and the production of a more nearly perfect box. Whether the conforming' ridge or bead I0 is placed on the drum flange or on the base flange, it extends continuously and uninterruptedly over the surface, thus' forming an endless or annular conforming bead.

In Vbases having non-flaring open ends, the diameter of the ridge I0 on the drum ring should be slightly larger than that o-f the open end of the base ring so as to be compressed when forced By virtue of past the edge of said openend; so that tight interfltting of the ring Il) in thejoint is eifected.

lthere will be a wedging action as the bead enters the space between the base and drum rings. This wedglng action results in a slight' forcing of the ring walls away from each other against the resiliency thereof thus resulting in placing a permanent yielding pressure on the caulking bead to make a permanently tight sift-proof joint.

It is to be understood that the boxes need not be round as illustrated, but may be oval or polygonal or of any shape appropriate for embodying the invention. Accordingly, it is to be understood that the terms .ring, fiange, etc., herein employed cover and comprehend similar walls for box parts whether they are oval, circular, square, hexagonal, or of other shapes.

It is to be understood that the packing or caulking bead In may in some instances be applied to the base flange instead of to the drum flange, or each of these parts may have an individual bead. The bead applied to the drum is more practical, however, and is to be preferred. It is also to be understood that, whereas a coiled or multiply flange is illustrated, the invention is available for flanges of single ply formation. Thin paper stock is preferred for the material of the flanges, but it is to be understood that the invention is available for boxes or box-anges made of other materials, as pasteboard, card middle stock, and the like; Also in some instances the conforming ring or' bead l0 is colored in contrast to the color of the flange to which lt is applied, thus enabling its structure and arrangement to be more readily observed, and any defects noted and remedied.

In the embodiment of Fig. 11 the caulking bead Illa is constructed similarly to the bead I0 of Fig. 6, but is positioned upon the inner surface of the cover element B engaging with the flange of the base element A so as to caulk the space between these two elements.

In Fig. 12 the box structure is somewhat different from that previously described, the base element A having the compartment for receiving the powder and having a wall or flange 2b upon the outer surface of which the caulking bead Ib is mounted. This caulking bead is constructed and arranged substantially as described above in connection with Figs. 1 to 6. The drum has a wall or ange 5b positioned outside of the flange 2b and also has a frangible head 6b attached to. Ethe ange 5b and overlying the top of the base flange 2b and the powder compartment.

In the embodiments of Figs. 13 and 14, the box structure is similar respectively to that of Figs. 6 and 3. In Figs. 13 and 15 the caulking bead or elevation Inc is formed by crimping or offsetting the plies of the drum wall 5c so as to provide a yieldable and conformable caulking bead or corrugation extending entirely around the wall of the drum. This caulking bead cooperates to close the space between the wall 5c of the drum and wall 2c ofthe base, in the manner already described. In Fig. 14, the caulking bead or corrugation |011 is formed by crimping the wall 9d so as to cooperate with the wall 2d, the construction of the caulking bead being otherwise similar to that of Fig. 13. The structure of Fig. 16 is similar to that of Fig. 13, but the caulking bead Ille is constructed by crimping the wall 2c of the base section A. 'I'he caulking corrugation |00, 10d, or IlleV is sufficiently thin to have yielding resiliency and will yield slightly when pressed against the opposing Wall. an exaggerated thickness for convenience of disclosure.

In all of the different embodiments of the in- The drawings show A vention, the caulking bead is yieldable and readily conformable to fill the space between the adjacent telescoping walls so as to effectually close this space against sifting of the powder and to maintain the base and drum in the correctly assembled relation in which they have been placed. This is true whether the caulking bead is constructed of a fibrous material, or is formed by crimping the wall of the box part. It is advantageous in some cases, especially in larger size boxes, to superpose a wax bead or a bead of waxlike material, upon the string type of bead such as shown either with or without the retaining strip 1. In this manner the string is embedded in the wax bead which is preferably continuous as in Figs. 1 to 6. Although it is preferred in all of the different embodiments of the invention, to omit all adhesive at place of contact of the caulking bead or ridge with the opposing wall surface, yet when desired an adhesive may there be used. Where wax, or wax-like material is used in connection with the caulking bead, the quality may be selected so as to avoid adhesion at normal or ordinary room temperatures, but if desired an adhesive could be used with this type of bead or a softer wax employed. Also in each case as above described the caulking bead presents a surface rounded or convexed outwardly away from the surface to which it is attached, thus facilitating entry of the caulking bead into the space between the adjacent telescoping walls when the box parts are moved into telescopic engagement with each other. It will be clear furthermore that the bead or ridge in each of the different embodiments is preferably positioned so as not to enter into the space between the walls until after the box parts have been initially entered into telescopic engage.. ment, thus providing the initial assembling guiding functions above described. Also in each of the different embodiments, the caulking bead is tapered at its entering or forwardly directed edge so as to provide a wedge-like construction having a wedging function when the parts are moved into telescopic engagement, thus forcing the walls away from each other slightly in opposition to the resiliency of the walls. This relation, as above described, places a permanent yielding pressure upon the caulking bead to make a sift-proof joint which is permanent. Also by virtue of this pressure of the parts upon the ridge or bead, said parts are maintained in assembled relation by frictional engagement.

In any of the different embodiments of the invention, the space between the telescoping base and drum flanges may as described be regulated so as to be always of appreciable extent and greater than the manufacturing variation resulting from such variables as quality and thickness of stock, moisture conditions, etc., as above mentioned. Also the caulking bead, no matter what its type or specific structure, may always be made of sufficient thickness to be greater than this space under all normally variant conditions. This provides for the yielding or conforming caulking action with the box parts moved into telescopic engagement with each other. The wedging sealing action between the box parts could also be accomplished or accentuated by providing a flaring structure in the wall part at the edge thereof where the caulking bead enters. It is also to be understood that, in some aspects of the invention, the shape of the caulking or packing may vary from continuous ring form, an important feature being to close the joint between the vbase and -drum regardless v'of the shape of packing required to do so.

It has been mentioned above that an adhesive may or may n ot be applied to bind the telescoping vwalls of the box parts together. However, it is particularly advantageouslunder some conditions where a very tight anti-sift seal is desired, to employ an adhesive substance such as paste, glue, etc., or a plastic non-adhesive substance, between the telescoping walls of the box parts. When such an adhesive or plastic substance is employed, it is preferable to apply it to the telescopic surface of one of the companion telescoping walls. If the caulking bead is employed such as the bead I0, etc., above described, the adhesive or plastic substance will be applied to the surface of the telescoping wall positioned opposite to the bead, land it will be applied throughout the peripheral extent of said wall. The adhesive or plastic substance will function to form a tight seal and may be applied either at the factory where the box is made or at the time of lling the box with powder.

In case the sealing substance is applied considerable time before the box parts are assembled, heat may be applied just prior to iilling and assembling thebox parts, so as to render the substance readily plastic.

When the box parts thus treated are moved into telescopic 4engagement with each other, the caulking bead,`as soon as it enters into contact with the opposing telescoping surface, will cause the adhesive or plastic substance to `be scraped up into a ridge in front of the advancing caulkving bead, and said ridge will contact both with the bead and with the opposite telescoping wall to form a sealing ridge which is very effective in providing a tightly sealed joint between the two box parts. Such asealing ridge is shown in transverse section at 20 in Fig. 3 in contacting be noted that this sealing ridge will extend throughout the periphery of the telescoping walls .inasmuch as the adhesive or plastic substance has been applied entirely around the surface of the telescoping wall. In this manner the space or interstice or crack between the two telescoping wallsis effectively sealed throughout its extent Y and the anti-sift qualities of the box are materially enhanced. The movement of the bead over the adhesive or sealing material not only causes the material to be formed into a ridge in front of the bead but also causes'said material to be forced into all of the minute interstices between the telescoping walls; in this manner an effective anti-sift seal is formed. It is obvious that this improved sealed arrangement may be utilized in connection with any of the different forms of y, anti-sift boxes above described or their equivalents. Furthermore, different forms of caulking l application, semi No. 47,139, med october 2a,

i u' 1935. Patent No. 2,051,293, med october 13,

sealinglrelation with the sealing bead i0. It willv 1936. Therefore, as to the common subject matter, the present application is a continuation y parts adapted to telescope with each other; ap-.

plying a sealing material to the telescopic surface of one of said box parts; and entering the box parts into telescoping relation with each other and at the same time scraping the sealing material into a sealing ridge contacting in sealing relation with both of the telescoping box parts.

2. The method of making and assembling an anti-sift box which includes: providing two box parts adapted to telescope with each other; forming a caulking bead on one of the telescopic surfaces of said box parts; applying a sealing material to a telescopic surface of one of said box parts; and entering the box part into telescoping relation with each other and at the same time scraping the sealing material before said caulking bead to form a sealing ridge contacting in sealing relation with said bead.

3. The method of making and assembling a paper powder box having a base section and a `powder-containing drum with a frangible head and opposite open end, which includes: making the resilient paper walls of the base section and ,of the powder-containing drum for telescopic engagement with each other with the outer diameter of the inner telescopic -wall suiiiciently less than the inner diameter of the outer telescopic wall so thatl said walls will telescope with enough space therebetween to provide for loose, easy entry of one into the other; forming a caulking bead slightly thicker than the -space between-'said walls and extending around the telescopically engaging surface of one of said walls; applying a sealing material to the surface of one of said walls; entering the end of one of said walls intov telescoping relation with the other wall and utilizing the. loosely engaging parts thereof to guide the drum and base intov ing moved into fully telescoped relation with y each other, entering the bead into engagement with the companion wall and scraping the sealing material before said caulking bead to form a sealing ridge contacting in sealing relation with ALEXANDER H. DREUX. JOSEPH N. ROYAL.

-said bead.

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