US2438429A - Waterproof outer garment - Google Patents

Description

March 23, 1948. J. T. QALLA-11AN ET AL I ABA-@ WATERPROOF OUTER GARMENT Filed March 1,'1946 3 SheetS-Shee l vias?" y @d e.

March 23, 1948.

J. T. CALLAHAN ET Ax.

WATERPROOF OUTER GARMENT Filed Maron 1, 1946 3`Sheets-Sheet 2 l March 23, 1.948. J. T. CALLAHAN T AL 2,438,429

WATERPROOF OUTER 4GARM'ENT Filed March l, l1946 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 fg F ff if y j;

Patented Mar. 23, 1948 Gilbe'rtson, Milford, Mass., assignors to 4Archer Rubber Company,1l./.iilford, Mass., a'corporation of Massachusetts Application `March 1, 1946,SerialiNor651g078 5 Claims.

'l This invention Arelates to apparel `and more especially vto 'Waterproof outer garments,-for linstance raincoats, 4golf jackets, etc. Such garments are usually made 'of textile -fabric coated or impregnated with'a rubber compound or an oxidized oil, and, Abeing substantially impervious,

`Vretain the heat of the Wearers body and are thus uncomfortablewhen Worn inwarm weather. rThe `present invention concernsimprovements in garments of the kind more specifically disclosed -in the patent to'Callahan-et al., No. 2,361,380, Tdated Gctober 31, V1944, which describes one --mode of making such'a garment-seas toprovide adequate ventilation Without admitting moisture.

Garments lmade of'textile mateIiaLieOated-or impregnated 'with Waterliroofing compound in sufcientamount to make them'reallywaterproof, are customarily'quite'heavy and stili and lack the 'draping 'qualities desirable in an article of apparel. Moreover, such garments are often worn over *usual outer garments and thus, unless the rain garment befveryloose and in particularfree at the arm seyes, -the wearer feels confined and uncomfortable uand may even find it impossible to move vhisarms freely.

YOne objectV of theprese'nt inventionisto pro vide an router rain protective garment /Whichis very light in Weight, soit, ilexibleandvvith good draping qualities, Vand which at thel same -time is yleakproof and-'embodies the Ventilating features of the garment disclosed-in theaforesa-id-patent. A further object is to provide a' garment of this Vtype Whose principal parts, 'at"least,- consist'of single thickness, thin and pliable sheeted` synthetic resin, A.although having'adequate `strength at all points. AA further object is to lprovide -a Arainprcof garment of the general'type disclosed in the aforesaid patent and thus comprising but four principal parts, butv having so much fullness 'and strength atthe arm scyes that the Weareriis 'free to lmove his'arms in any directionfandwithout `danger of breaking out or tearing the mate rialat the armpit portion. Wearers of such garments sometimes iind'diiiiculty, when donningsuch a garment (if provided f with a large Ventilating opening inthe back) Abecause the arm may be inadvertent-ly projected out through the'ventilating opening instead @finto the sleeve. A further object vkofthe invention is to provide aventilated coat so designadas v-to Afacilitate the entry ofthe arm`into the sleeve When 'donn-ing'the coat, and incidentally to vreinforce the coat at vthat portion-at which the Weightof the coat is Ysupported by the wearer.

other and 4'further `objects and', advantages vof the 2 invention -ivill "be pointed out in the fGlloW-n'g more detailed-description and by referencef'to the laccompanying drawings wherein AFig. 'w1 yis -a' diagrammatic '-front elevation-f-o'fv a "rai-n Lgarment embodying the-present invention, Vbut Without any attemptltoillustratev the inz'rtural draping lofthe fabric or `Vusual yand -min'orrdetails Vof construction;

v"'Fig. 3l is a fragmentary, 'diagranimatie yside-elevation of the garment -showingthe sleeve extended vertically upward to illustrate the .un'derarm construction;

F'Eig. 14 is a diagrammatic, fragmentary view :of

Itheinterior oi fthe-garment illustrating the/flap which :automatically .'closes' the Ventilating :open- -ing ywhen the garment isb'ein'g donned;

`Fig. 5 :is adiagranunaticssection, to :large scale, ontlfie line-ffof Fig. 1;

Fig.y '6 1isaplan view-.ofafblankiforiuse infmaking -t'h'e yoke portlonof: the garment;

Fig."1-isafplanview-ora blank'for makinglthe lbacklof the garment;

rSli'gsr-S and '8a --are lplan' `v-ievvs` of ythelleft--and right front'members-o'f the-garment respectively;

-Fig. '9-is aV planview ofv-ablank 'for makingsone 4vort'h'e gusset parts;

Fig. 10 is a plan 'viewofv a- 41Vblank --for makingla `secondl gusset part;

Fig. :1-1 isla plan'view ofa-reinforce-blank;

`Fig. 12 is a plany View of-fa -collar blank;

Fig. -13 isa plan view-"ofa` blank `for formingza buttonfly; and

Fig. L14 is va diagrammatic perspective `View vsho'Wingthe yoke .portion of thefgarmentto illustrate 'thenseamless- `cl'iaracter of the shoulder --por -tionszof the garment.

Referring to the-drawings,inparticular tolFigs. l andf2, in `-vvllich-the numeral -I designatesllthe --completed garment, it may belnoted that except forthecollar 2 vand elements of trim,.ior example pockets and pocket-stays, buttons, etc., thejgar- ,ment consists,of'lout` four major parts,to-Wit, the

^ yoke" 3, the back4,' and the `'two front members "5 and" 6. "Preferably, as shown,fthe`back is'-of-'uni 'tary-construction like the otherima-jorfpieces, :although rit' is within the `scope o'f'thesinvention itoma-ke the back in rightand left/:halves seemed piece-of material. l'While it vis contemplated-that 'the 1materialii1se3d'1in 'making thezprincipali lparts `of ithezgarment 4may be :of-'any lusual Waterproof xorfwaterz-irepellent typawit :is preferred, in accordin suitable amount, may be made as pliable as desired, but without showing any tackiness or' tendency to deteriorate during use; While the parts of the garment made of such material may be united -by sewed seams in the same way as garments made of textilematerial, it is readily possible, when using this sheeted synthetic resin, to form the joints by a heat sealing operation so that no stitching is necessary and the joints are absolutely leak-tight. However, the particular mode of uniting thev parts'of the garment is Vnot Van essential feature of the invention.

When the garment is made from material such vas4 just suggested, Vit is extremely light, weighinggbut a few ounces, so that it is not burdensome to wear, even outside of usual winter garments. Moreover, it is so rpliable and may be made of such thin material, that when not in use it may be folded or rolled into a small package, easily stored away in an ordinary traveling bag, Vbut when unfolded its draping qualities are suchthat any wrinkles formed by folding quickly disappear.

The yoke 3 (Fig. 6) comprises a central or shoulder portion 'I having in its forward part a neck opening bounded by a curved edge 9 which intersects forwardly divergent straight edges I and II, respectively, the latter edges in the completed garment constituting upper portions of the front closure. ,These edges I0 and II intersect at substantially right angles the edge portions I2 and I3, respectively, which in the con'ipleted garment -extend substantially horizontally at about the level of the armpits, and to which arejse'cured,` the upper edges of the right and left front members 5 and 6 (Fig. Y1), respectively. The yoke blank 3, also comprises the sleeve portions I4 and I5, these sleeve portions being integral with the central part I of the blank and terminating at edges I6 and Ilia, which may be hemmed or otherwise finished, designed rto form` the Wristband ends of the sleeves. ;Thesleeve members I4 and I5 have longitudinal edges I'I and I8, and I9 and 20, respectively, the edges I.`I and I9 Vbeing joined to'the edges I2 and I3 respectively by c-o-ncavely curved portions I2a and I3a respectively, and in the completed garment the edges II and I8 are united by an underarrn seam S (Fig. 3) which extends from the wrist edge I 6, for instance, along the under side of the sleeve to the armpit portion. The edges I9 and 20 of the sleeve I5 are' united by a similar underarm seam. Since the'sleeveimembers are integral with the central or shoulder portion 1 of the yoke 3, and since the `onlyflongitudinal seams in the sleeves are these underarm seams which unite the edges II land I8 and the edges I9 and 20, respectively, the exposed shoulder portions of the completed garment are wholly devoid of seams as illustrated in Fig. 14. Thus regardless of the type voi? material which may be employed, there'are no exposedy seams at the shoulder-portions Yso that there is'no danger of leakage of water into 4 the upper part of the garment by reason of any insecure seams or joints.

The yoke 3 also comprises the rearwardly extending divergent edge portions 2| and 22, respectively, at opposite sides, which in the cornpleted garment are permanently united to the upper portions of the back member, the edges 2I and 22 terminating at the slightly curved lower edge 23 of the yoke, the edge 23 being hemmed or otherwise finished before the garment is completed. At the point where the edge I8 would normally intersect the edge 2l, and likewise at the point where the edge 20 would normally intersect the edge 22, the yoke is provided with deep notches G preferably of oval contourI with their smaller ends open at the edge of the Ymaterial. J Y The back 4 of the garment (Fig. 7) comprises a substantially rectangular lower portion having the parallel side edges 25 and 26 and the lower edge 'I,o the latter being hemmed -or otherwise finished in the completed garment.l This back member also includes an upper -portion 24 of a generally truncated triangular form, having the upwardly convergent slightly concave curved edges 28 and 29 which are connected to the side edges 25 and 28, by short concave arcs 25a and 26a. which, in the completed garment, form parts of the arm seyes. The upper end of this portion 24 is provided with a deep notch 39 of generally elliptical contour with 'itsAV major axis horizontal, :but open at the top where its edge intersects upwardly and outwardly divergent substantiallyV straight edges K2 These edges K, in turn, intersect (substantially at right angles) short downwardly and outwardly divergent edges E which intersect the-edges 28 and 29 respectively. By this construction therey are formed two upwardly directed extensions or flaps F, one at either side of the notch` 39.

The front members 5 and 6 are substantially identical in shape, except that one is the reverse of the other, the member 5 comprising the top edge 3l which in the completed garment Vis united to the edge I2 of the yoke,.while the front member 6 has the top edge 3'Ia which is united to the edge I3 of the yoke. The member 5 has the longitudinal edge 32 which forms a downward continuation of the edge IIJ of the yoke, thus completing one side of the front closure of the garment, while the member 6 has the edge 32a which forms a downward continuation of the edge I I of the yoke, thus completing the other side of the front closure. The parts 5 and 6 have the lower edges 33 and 33a, respectively, which in the finished garment are hemmed. I Y Y To give fullness at the armpit portion of the garment so as to insure freedom of arm movement and to Vavoid overstressing thegarment material, the gusset members 35 and 36 (Figs. 3, 9'and 10) are provided. In the garmentdisclosed in the aforesaid patent, gusset means integral with the front member of the garment is disclosed, but it is found in practice, and particularly when using sheeted synthetic resin as the garment material, that it is Vdiiiicult to obtain the requisite fullness at the armpit portion by means of an integral gusset element, and that the material of such an integral gusset element is overstressed during use so that when thin light materials are used there is danger of breaking out at the armpit portion after an extended period of use. As herein illustrated (Figs. 3, 9 and 10), the gusset piece 35 is generally segmental in contour, having the curved nedge 3'Il of downwardly from the respective armpit. each sleeve having `asingle longitudinally extending underarm seam reaching from the wrist line to the armpit, and gussetl means providing fullness at the armpit, characterized in that the rear edge ofeach sleeve terminatesat a deep, substantially oval notch in the yoke material, and the forward edge of each sleeve terminates in a concavely curved portion which merges with the corresponding horizontal front lower edge of the yoke, the gusset means at each armpit comprising a segmental piece having a substantially straight edge and a curved edge,; Vthe latter having a radius of curvature substantially greater than the radius of curvature of the larger end ofV the notch in the yoke, thegusset means also comprising a semi-segmental part havinga curved edge, a substantially straight base and a substantially straight vertical edge, a seam uniting the curved edge of the segmental gusset part to the margin of the oval notch in the yoke, a seam uniting the curved edge of the semi-segmental gusset part to the concavely curved portion ofthe front edge of the sleeve, and a seam uniting the" straight base edge of the latter gusset partto the upper edge of the corresponding front member of the garment, the underarm seam extending uninterruptedly across the armpit and uniting the lower portion of the straight edge4 ofthe segmental gusset part to the vertical straight edge of the semi-segmental gusset part, the underarm seam also uniting the lower portion of the straight edge of the segmental gusset part to the rear edge of the corresponding front member and then continuing on down beyond the gusset means and uniting the corresponding front member to the back. l l

2. A ventilated rain garment of the kind which, except for collar and trim, kconsists of butV four parts, to wit, a yoke having sleeves integral therewith, a back, and two front members, the back being joined to the yoke at and adjacent to the collar line and adjacent to each Varm scye respectively, Nbut being otherwise unattached to the yoke, therebyproviding Ventilating openings of `large area, and wherein each front member is joined to the yoke along a line extending from the front closure to one of the arm scyesgrespectively, each ,front memberv being joinedto the back along a substantially vertical line, extending downwardly from the respective armpit, each sleeve having a single vlongitudinally* extending underarm seam reaching from the'wrist line to the armpit, and gusset means providing fullness at the armpit, characterized in that the rear edge of each sleeve terminates at a deep, sub@ stantially oval notch whose smaller end is open at the edge of the material, the forwardjedge of each sleeve terminating in a concavely curved portion which'merges with the corresponding horizontal front lower edge of the yoke, thev gusset means at each armpit comprising a segmentall piece having a substantially straight edge, and a curved edge, the radius of curvature of said curved edge being approximatelyfour times the ,radius of curvature of the larger end of the oval notch in the yoke material, the gus/set means also comprising a semi-segmental part having a curved edge', a substantially straight base and a sube stantially straight vertical edge, a seamuniting the curved edge of the segmental gusset part to the margin of the oval notch in the yoke, a seam uniting the curved. edge of the semi-segmental gussetA part to the concavelylcurved portion of the front edge of the sleeve, and a seam uniting the straight base edge of the latter gusset part toi the upper edge of the corresponding front memberofthe-garment, theunderarm seam extendf ing uninterruptedly across the-armpit and unit-` ing'the lower portion of thev straight edge of the segmental gusset-part to the vertical straight edge of the semi-segmental gusset' part, ythe underarm seam also uniting the lower portion of thestraight'edge of the segmental gussetpart to the rear edge of the corresponding front mem-` ber and then continuing on down beyond the gusset means and uniting the corresponding front member to the back.` Y

3. A ventilated rain garment of the kind which, except for collar andtrim, consists of lbut four parts, to wit, a yoke having sleeves integral therewith, a back, and two front members, the back' being joined to the yoke at and adjacent to the collar line Vand adjacent to each armV scye-respectively, but being otherwise unattached to the yoke, thereby providing Ventilating openings of large area, and wherein each front member is Y joined to the yoke along a line extending Vfrom the front closure to one of the arm scyes respectively, each iront member .being joined to the back along a substantially vertical line extending downwardly from the respective armpit, each sleeve having a single longitudinally,extending underarm seam reaching from the wrist line to the armpit, andY gusset means providing fullness segmental part, vthe curved edge of the segmental part being united to that edge of the yoke which definesthe notch, theunderarm seam extending uninterruptedly down across the armpit area and uniting the upper part of the straight edge of the segmental gusset member to one edge of the tri` angular gusset member, said seam then continue ing down and uniting the lower part of said.

straight edge of the segmental gusset member to the front member of the garment, and then continuing down to the lower edge of the garment and uniting the back and yfront members, and

seams uniting the other two edges of the -tri, angular gusset member to the concavely curved f portion of the front edge of the sleeve and to the upper edge of the frontmember respectivelkf 4. A ventilated rain garment of the kind which,

except for collar and` trim, consists of butfour parts, to wit, a yoke having sleevesfintegrali therewith, a back and two front members, the

back being joined Vto theyoke lat'and adjacentV to the collar line and adjacent to each arm'scye, 1 butbeing otherwise unattached thereto, sorthat` free Ypassage of ,air is provided between the 4in-l terior and exterior of the garment at the vback of the garment, and wherein each front member Vis joined to the yoke along a line extending'from the front closure to one ofthe arm scyesyrespectively, each front member being Vjoined `tothe back along a ysubstantially vertical line extending Y down from `the respective armpit, each sleeveV v having a single longitudinally extending'undere arm seam reaching from the wrist Vline'tothev armpit, land gusset means. providing 'fullness 'at the'armpitgcharacterized in that 'the back has laterally directed integrali extensions at Vtl1ein,-`;

terior of the garment, each extension reaching across the upper part of one of the sleeve openings respectively, and having its upper edge united to the yoke at the collar line, the lower edge of each extension being free from the yoke and merging with the lateral edge of the back to form a flexible flap reaching to the arm scye and which tends to close the Ventilating opening when engaged by the wearers hand in donning the garment.

5. A ventilated rain garment of the kind which, except for collar and trim, consists of but four parts, to wit, a yoke having sleeves integral therewith, a back and two front members, the back being joined to the yoke at and adjacent to the collar line and adjacent to each arm scye, but being otherwise unattached thereto, so that free passage of air is provided between the interior and exterior of the garment at the back of the garment, and wherein each front member is joined to the yoke along a line extending from the front closure to one of. the arm seyes, respectively, each front member being joined to the back along a substantially vertical line extending down from the respective armpit, each sleeve having a single longitudinally extending underarm seam reaching from the wrist line to the armpit, and gusset means providing fullness at the armpit, characterized in that the back, before assembly with the other parts, has a deep horizontally elongate notch at its upper end, located between two upwardly directed extensions, the extensions having edges which converge toward the notch, the edge of the notch and said edges of the extension being secured, in the completed garment, to the yoke at the collar line, the extensions then being substantially horizontal and providing a reinforcement for the shoulders of the garment, the lower edge of each extension, in the completed garment, being free and merging with the lateral edge of the back, said extensions with the adjacent portions of the back forming flexible valve flaps operative automatically to close the Ventilating opening when engaged by the wearers hand in donning the garment.

JOHN T. CALLAHAN.

JOHN ARTHUR GILBERTSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 245,654 Peyser Aug, 16, 1881 1,252,188 Shane Jan. 1, 1938 2,136,889 Richards Nov. 15, 1938 2,305,406 Clyne et al Dec. 15, 1942 2,312,777 Sholder et al. Mar. 2, 1943 2,361,380 Callahan et al Oct. 31, 1944 2,399,428 Daniels Apr. 30, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 166,386 Great Britain July 21, 1921

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